. ‘ ,
Finished M o to r Car
Like 100 Per Cent
Good Fuel Sought by
Engineers
Engineers. having long one given
Iv hope of creating the perfect car.
have turned their attention to con-
limotbn of the perfect compromise.
They have come to realise that
the demand of certain autolsts con.
mot with the requirements of oth-
ers and lo the)' have to make the
best of the conflicting demands.
This they are doinwn s. remark-
able way. They’re far tram the fin-
ished compromise. yet their progress
‘ ie swift. They' re puttidg the cars
of today under severe tests in their
anxiety to lelrn real facts about
them and plln their improvements
on the basis of those facts.
One of the greatest. concessions
made by automotive engineers has
been the fact that they are Just as
falllbie as the rest of folks. They had
been theorizing mostly and forming
conclusions on their beliefs.
Put Autos on Tout
Now the engineers are coming
dOWn to earth. They're learning by
rigid tests what their products ac-
tually can do under various condi-
tions. their advantages and their
faults.
Knowing these and setting aside
mereonal beliefs. they expect to pro~
duoe cars best suited for motoring
under the conditions oxistini: today.
For this purpose a lame fact-find-
ing laboratory has already been os-
tabllshed. it's the "proving ground"
of the General Motors Corporation.
about til miles west of Detroit.
Here is a field of 1.125 acres with
about 12 miles of private highway
laid out so as to represent every road
condition that the average driver
ordinarily mocte. There are liills
ranging from 7 per rtcnt grades to
its high as 24 per cont.
There are concrete and gravel
roads, representing the average
types of highways met today. And
there are many other "props" for
testing the performance of all (illlO-
mobile.
Nothing Ls Ovcrimikcd
Cal‘s are being driven (nor illi'b'i
1'.‘ miles of road day and night at
the total for all cscocding 2‘0“”0
miles a month. No conceivable hi -
tor about a car is taken for granted,
no. beliefs or theories permitted. l‘li'.
l'eryihinir. even though known for a
certainty. is tested for actual facts
about it.
Certain facts luv-lug riiscovvrm‘l.
‘ about the cars on inst have ' r-rm
, gathered apparently with no i; in
‘viow. except that they would be on
record when engineers want them.
Then they inlzlit form the basis for
an improvement long desired in the
auto world.
A list of the tests being conducted
on this proving m-eund reflects the
innumerable avenue possible for the
development of the modern uuto
Here are some of the more import
out items being tabulated by figures
and graphs:
Acceleration. deceleration. roliliu.
friction. riding qualities, fuel econ
only at fixed speeds, minimum and
maximum speed. endurance, hill-
ciinlbing, braking. driver's \‘lnliill
ranxc, {flfli'i‘llill‘.: lioadllulttinn‘. rim-r-
llig tii'fml. \If‘i'aiit-ii. nciiiu‘il. tau};-
and clutch iwlai [l'ici'lll‘tm t'l'llili
cunt) lllilill’tll. i'--lii!i;iiu..l, «i'i" l‘,‘
ancc.
'Allmlfllltfi'i Iii-o Mliili‘.
The facts obtained bore me inure-
engineers. in planning liolr new
oer inchurgo of the proving ground.
“Here are two cars providing the
some am put of log room and aoat~
his coat! int" he points out. “One
car can steer in a circle of 10 pet
cent less diameter than the other.
Assuming everything else icing
equal. it can be deducted that, the
one steering the shortcr has the ad-
vantage irum the customer's Duilli
of view.
"Here again are two cars, the
driver iii one has a vision through
the windshield and pant the corn”
posts that is 20 per cont groan-r
than the other. Again the one pro-
viding-the greater arts of vision has
an advantage if everything else in
equaL
"Unfortunately out of necessity
the automobile must. be a compre-
mise involving a arcat many ino-
tors. any one of? which may be of
major importance to ‘a particular
customer. The car mentioned as
having a shorter turning radius may
be less steady to drive on a rough
road. or again the car having great-
cr drivcif vision may not have a dc-
slrabie rakisli appearance or the
corner posts 'may be too flimsy and
not provide a. rugged door hinge
hanging that is satisfactory from a
durability stand-point."
Special “'uicr Tests.
oven to the minutcst details in lit-int;
carried out is brought out again by
Krouwcr. in cxplaiiilng'tiie purpose
of a special illldt‘l‘bii‘tlll‘l' I‘Oi‘it'l‘t'li‘.
road which permits flooding. from
foot. M
"This 541106an road," [{rcussor (ix-
cars a.. no rliliu illilllh . a iiilildlcd
road. This load aim» puts liTillv’t‘H in
rainy day conditions.
determining lll‘" mild and \i'fl'ttrl
out n
on tho “’lliilslilt'llll
w.._......~.. -._._._.__.- ..-
,‘idvti'ilsc iii The St‘ll'lili‘l
dy set down in convenient form. for?
the guidance of the General liloiut‘u‘
models. llow they are compared lh'i
suggested by 0. ’i‘. Kreusscr, origin?
How fully the search for {It‘ll-a"
barely writing to as high as ltvo.‘
llirmxii lip on llit “lililHlllt‘ll and;
body fiom \l'llCil i. ash is of llllv ”i-j
NIGHT DRIVING
LGLARE REMAINS
A BIG PROBLEM
Improving Headlights
Stumps Best Light-
liifl,“ i .m lith‘l‘SmlSllg-
Hibisiilifildtllc Help
(llariug lli‘fldllulild have wkcn
the joy out of night motoring
for so many yours that ringl-
litx-rn limo finally decided to
concentrate their attention on
this suliicct. In the past, good
lighting and glare have been in-
scpcrebio. livports are now
trying to devise Leroy to take
the ginn- out of headlights and
still have enough illumination to
insure safe night driving.
Glaring lmadliuiitu have how
causing lllIlVlll‘lbliil no and of Miller.
but they Laie bit'n Kl\lilg lighting
oligii core and stain. liigbuny ofiioials
evcri nltlii'l trouhln.
The pi‘llfl l-- m itw '.f is simple: Take
the gll‘iio out Of the headlights.
lint the bitch to that is the coun-
icr piopnsal: lv'm-p the illumination
lilifil enough for mil-:y on dark high-
ways.
Both propositions clash. Attempts
have lilft‘n made to reduce glare
from headlights, but almost invari-
ably the illumination of the road
ahead suffered proportionately.
New members of the Society of
Automotive Engineers and of the li-
iiiiniliitinr: Engineers Fririciy Ye
putting their lit ids iogclhcr in n
effort to iliid son: 0 sort of comple-
mint-Z
Can‘t liiiniiunto Glare
'I‘lic immensity of such a task may
he gloancd from some of the dim-
culiicu in the way of headlight origi-
noel-s.
()iio outstanding objection to the
present type of lion—glare headlights
is the fact that roads are not all
lovcl. .irioiliw in tho springy action
Of cars lii:li cause even the so-cnllod
uou~uiarn lamps to strike the eyes of
Oil-l‘tliltlliif ill‘l\'| rs.
lliit uliii rough. hilly and curving
roads. and with llac licccsslly o
sprlntzn on our cars, the non~glnre
llt‘tlfliliflilli of today glare dcspito
plains. “is of ilitcrcst in 4:0lilltTCll0liiilli‘illflf‘li't‘fi, So some other moans
\i'llii dotci'iiiiniiig limv \l‘t'l niio’s'
{out l,l"l"(li'llil In many of tho ringed;
Oi liOfi‘lll‘fliliil}_Tf in humid.
Downward tilting llgiils have hos-ii
sham-sil- ii and ll iv cioii l)"ll made
,part equipment on some cars. liiit s
"mm for ”V‘e'”““”“ 15“” ““i'" i tilting light is cuii morn obicction-
“‘ 'ai-io than the sliulgl lion- -i-'.ldl('
llicn again a standard way of ’lirlit that 1., supposed to km-p its
i: illllfil ilclmv the liniltonlal
’illiliii: lirllia talln (\mssivo Il-
iiuiiiinatloli of lllt- iii .luav tlIiQtly
.. , ,. lill fliilli of the i- ii but off: r insuf-
iiiuH nothing in Ii-i't in ihn 111mm,.
nation. Everything is a fact, own!
.-~ -v \ u . . l
1. tin: aiiiciiiiit nf natty- lll.ii.|,ll iip‘nwm]
nt'li'I‘il lllllliliiiallnii i'ai' r-iimilzli alivad
in IillIHV lll‘lVlllL' :i? .i l't‘himlizll‘ilo
.\ Il‘t . iii “11' . lllli. Of ii ii‘ Smitty of
',\lillilllilil\xr l-Ziir. iiurs iiuliitcd out
«onto directions iii it li lililli; (‘Viit‘ils
may follow in their effort to arrive
at the best form of headhunting pos
ulblo.
Many Ways Out
Practically every suggestion made
at this meeting. however, has some ‘
objectionable feature. l‘crhnps by ‘
study of all ideas. some eiilclent“
compromise may be obtained The
suggestions. and some objectlione”
sin:
1. Putting maximum values on .
supposed non‘ iglaro lights deflected'
below tile horizontal—which doesn't .
consider the contour of roads and
the springineus of cars.
3. Enforcing diffused lighting on}
vehclles of moderate speed-which
would give oiiiolals quite arbitrary'
i power.
i 3. Mounting headlights unsym.
‘metrically, as is susccsted by the
useiof spotlights. or "courtesy"'
lights. This would detract from the
appearance of the cal.
4.1'slng only s. strong right heed.
light and only a marker light r
‘ the left side, in trafiic. or while on
are passing. This would requiro
regular dimming equipment. “dd .3
measure of courtesy from the 15,.
000,000 drivers of the country.
From Horse Days
ll. Use of powerful light lindr-r.
I neath or at the front axle to illumi-
nate the roadway practically ho”:
zoutally. j t as oil lamps used to
furnish llgl s for horsedrzuvn truclm l
But here again the grades. whether
up or down hill. would not art the
needed illinulnulion.
6. Use of a shade or colormi gins-s
on the windshield to lf‘Sfltll glare
from approaching cars in; that
heavy headlights may be pcrmlnull: ll.
7. Use of frosted bulbs '1 lingo.
however. aren't half as lilnicrflll as >
the unfrosted tyne slid do not end
the glare problem.
All improvements depend on up
human eye, which still has: to lw‘
studied in its relationship to night
automobile lighting. livenim‘rh int
the human. as well an the ilit'uliiilil»
cal factor of the entire problem ha: .
been suggested. and is to be taken1
up by both organizations Iiitort-stod. .
as well as by the U. H. lliirwmi oi
standards and various stain, ili‘Dfll'l‘
iiients.
Use of a spotlight to iliuiiiinnt.
Use of spotlights to illuminate in:
road at a distance ahead of the reg"
lar headlight illumination isn‘t up
proved because the spotlight brings,
out only a small area in (no remit
ahead. What is \vanicd is llliliillllli
lion of an area large enough tor illi' -
driver to feel comfortably curtain of ,
safety in driving toward it.
'l‘lilAl. I’I’RCIIASICH
.\n automobile dealer in Supt:
\na. ( aiif.. operates a “,4 my
business on the poiicv of "l u (l-ivs
{ice tii.ai" The prospectiiv pur-
chaser can test the car anywhere
and iii any way he pleases for five
days before making the purcii'm. l
ATI‘I'I‘IIIW‘. COI'N'I‘S
The. mental attitude as \\'t‘ll : s: the -
mcataliiy lias.n great dt‘iil in do
with a motorists ability to dmv his
car. Sonic. drivers are c'ircicu. and
reckless of certain times. it‘ll-.3 at,
ltlllif'l‘ limos tlicy arc carci‘ul. . vie
lrivcrr.
. Uniform
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.lf'i‘l 1 Eifi‘IL‘li.‘ iLl' .i.’
CADILLAC
HUPMOBILE
Motor Cars
SHOWROOM
34 ' West Avenue
Phone 726
.uii‘" ii
VAAST BROTHERS l
e e~e .n- O-leovewe-ws- -. oc-lu-e-e- s s e
. .‘L.I.i.‘i2i'.‘.'...is'£ s..:.i:i:itl.li::l:tz m: .:. ': Lt: 2:1 '
emit-l...
SERVICE STATION i
17 Chestnut Street
South Norwalk .
Phone 1360 i
Cars will be on display at our
Showroom. I
SHOWROOM OPEN EVENINGS i
i
E
r
E
E
r
i
'8
3
3
fill???“
an
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ONE QUALITY—
and that the best.
cabochon L
'WORTHY
Famous “Six” Prices
Si 795
1750
1795
1605
1920
I 895
2093
21.5
1995
7Psss. Phaeton . c 0 82105
QF‘ . LTS . NAME
Vertiéai “Eight” Prices 1
e 2150 ‘
a 2195 i
o 2096
Pass. Coupe Roadster - 2320 .
o 395 i
e 9495 -
o 25” i
. am I
Norwalk Chronicler