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. Rallying Song.
-Behold l the furious storm is rolling,
Which border fiends confederate raise.
The Dogs of War, let loose, are howling,
And 10 l our infant cities blaze.
And shall we calmly view the ruin,
While lawless force with giant stride
Spreads desolation far and wide,
In guiltless blood his hands iinbruing‘?
Arise, Arise, ye brave l ‘
And let our war-cry be
Free Speech, Free Press, Fr'ee Soil, Free llen,
FRI-MONT and Vicronr l
Oh, Liberty l can lie resign thee
Who once has fell: thy generous flame?
Can threats subdue, or bolts confine thee-
Or whips tliy noble spirit tame?
No l by the heavens bright bending o’er us 2
We’ve called our Captain to the van—- '
Behold the hour—Beho1d the man 2
Oh, wise and valiant go before us l
Then let the shout again
Ring out from sea. to sea,
Free Speech, Free Press, Free Soil, Free lllen,
‘Fax-:-uonr and VIUIORY.
Hurrah, Hurrah l from hill and valley,
Hurrah from prairie wide and free l
Around our glorious Chieftain rally,
For Kmsxs, and for LII?!-IRTY l
Let him who first her wilds exploring,
Her virgin beauty gave to fame,
Now save her from the curse and shame
Which slavery o’er her soil is pouring.
Our Standard Bearer then
The brave Path finder be l I
. Free Speech, Free Press. Free Soil, Free Men,
FEE-noivr and Vicroxv.
fliansns c nsenouios
nN~rv~
0
7.-.--
u./\r\\r~
THE HORSE.
BY DWIGHT MORRIS, ESQ., BRIDGEPORT.
The first command given by the Ru-
ler of the universe to the human race,
was to subdue the earth, and "to have
dominion over every living thing that
moveth upon its face.” For nearly six
thousand years has this injunction been
gradually fulfillcd ; and‘ as man has
emerged from a state of ignorance and
barbarism, with the aids of civilization
and science, he has fully asserted his
power over every species of the animal
creation. By his superior knowledge
and skill, the huge denizen of Asiatic.
forests has become obedient to his will ;
while on the arid sands of Africa, the
patient camel becomes his humble assis-
tant aud servitor. From the earliest
ages, too, the bovine races, have not only
contributed to his food and nourishment.
but have shared his labors in tilllug and
cultivating the soil. But amid all the
animals vouchsafed to man by a benefi-
cent Creator for his assistance and recre-
ation, in intelligence, in beauty, symme-
try, docility and utility, the horse stands
proudlypre-eminent. By his acknowl-
edged qualities, he has been elevated
from the wild and untamed roamer of
the prairie or pampas, to the compan-
ionship and friendship of his master.-
The period when the horse was first
subjugated to man, will never be ascer.
tained. No record, no tradition even,
exists of a time when the horse lived
without allegiance to our race. The
pen of inspiration represents him as
the sharer with man in his contests and
battles : "he paweth in the valley, and
rejoiceth in his strength; he goeih to
meet the armed men; his neck is clothed
with thunder ” Profane history also
informs us, that the chariot with horses,
was the usual and most formidable ins-
trument of war, in the remote ages of
antiquity. Authors, however, are divi-
ded iu opinion as to the time when men
first accustomednhe horse to the use of
the saddle. It is somewhat singular that
most. of the earliest accounts, represent
the horse as originally used in harness
only. The Scholiast of Euripides, and
Eumathius, on the second book of the
Iliad, speak as if the ancients had been
unacquainted with the use of saddle-
horses, and had only used them to draw
chariots, Ste. They add, that courses
on horseback were not introduced at the
Olympic games, before the fifteenth
Olympiad. But. this cannot be the fact,
because Homer, though he mentions
only chariots in his account of the
siege of Troy, speaks of ridiiig so
familiarly in some. parts , of his Odys-
sey, that it must have been practiced
among the Greeks long before be com-
posed his ‘immortal poem. Herodotus,
in Thalia, speaks of hunting on horse-
back, as an exercise practiced in the
time of Darius ; in Melpomene, like-
wise, he says the Amazons hunted on
horseback, with their husbands, the
Samaritans. Xenophon says that Cyrus
hunted on horseback, when he desired to
exercise himself and horses Pausanius,
informs us that there were horse-courses
even in the time of Hercules, the insti-
tutor of me Olympic games. It there-
fore appears from the most. ancient his-
tory extant, that the horse was made
subservient to the will of men, in the
earliest times, and therefore the use of
this animal is almost coevalwiih mankind.
At the present time, horses are found
in a state of nature, living as
wild animals, in various parts of Asia,
Africa and America. In the desert
tracts which border the river Don, in
Russia, there are numerous herds of
wild horses, which have sprung from
their emancipated progenitors. These
herds are descended from ‘the horses
used at the siege of Azoff in 1696, Pe-
ter the Great, having been compelled at
that time to set at liberty all of his cav-
alry horses, from want of forage. The
present Emperor of Russia has two reg-
iments of cavalry mounted on horses
crossed with this breed, which attract
much attention on account of their unn-
sual size. It is believed that the wild
horses found in-the plains of 'l‘artai'y,
are descended from the same source as
those of the banks of the Don and Uk-
mine.
The fact is also well known, that on
the vast plains of South America, im-
mense herds of_Wild horses are to be
found; and it should likewise be borne
in mind, that these myriads in number,
are all descended from only two males
and four females, which were emancipa-
ted by the early Spanish adveuturers.——
They have increased with such aston-
ishing rapidity, that their numbers can
not and will not ever be ascertained.
The first animals brought to America
from Europe, were imported by Colum-
bus in his second voyage in ,-1493. He
left. Spain with seventeen ships, bring-
ing a number of horses, with other do-
mestic animals. The first bones brought
l
OLMSTEII ‘
into any part of the territory at present
embraced’ in the United States, were
landed in Florida, by Cabeca de Vaca,
in 1527, forty-two in number, all of
which perished or were otherwise des-
troyed. The nextimportatlou was also
to Florida, by De Soto, in 1539, which
consisted of a large number of horses.-
In 1604, M. L’Escarbot‘, a French law-
yer, imported a few horses into Arcadia.
ded six mares and one horse at James-
town, Virginia. In 1629, the first hor-
ses were introduced into New England.
They were imported by Francis Hig-
ginson, formerly of Leicestersliire, Eng-
land, whence the horses were brought.
The first importation into New York
was made from Holland by the West
India Company in 1625, consisting of
quitea number of horses for breeding.
By the last census in 1850, the num-
ber of horses in the United States, is
about four millions and a quarter. This
statement is not correct. inasmuch as
great numbers were omitted, the census
of 1850 including only such as are em-
ployed in agriculture, or owned by farm-
ers. The horses owned in all the cities
of the Union, are entirely omitted.-
If these were added, we shall find that
the United States contain more than
five millions of these; noble animals, con-
siitutinga proportion of one to every
five of the inhabitants. The number of
horses in the Union, is more than three
times larger than that in Great Britain.
Our present stock consists of the off-
spring of the animals first introduced,
the crosses of the original breeds with
each other, or the intermixture of the
progeny of these crosses with those of
more recent‘ importation, and the pure
blooded animals brought directly from
Europe, or the crosses of these with
each other. Therefore, in the United
States, the breed of horses is as mixed
as that of the inhabitants, the frequent
introduction of foreign horses having
produced an infinite variety.
From the attention which has been
paid in some portions of our country to
the rearing of this species of animal,
and by the judicious mixture of breeds,
as. well as a caibful observance of every
circumstance proper for improving the
good qualities, and correcting the defects
or imperfections of the horse, we now
have horses famous for all the different
excellenciesof those of other countries.
We propose to present a few conside-
rations on the breed of horses in New
England, and to examine the origin of
the mbst celebrated families, and to
make some suggestions respecting their
deterioration.
Of all the New England family or
variety of horses, the Morgan horse is
the best known, and most widely cele-
brated. They are principally valued as
light carriage and buggy horses, and are
noted for their remarkably spirited action
and uncommon docility. No breed of
animals in New England has as many
warm admirers, and their popularity al-.
ways insures a ready sale. What is the
basis of this reputation, and how much
of the pure blood of the Morgan horse
IS in existence at the present time? No
person living can show that there was
any blood in the dam of the Morgan
horse; at all events the proof is want-
ing. In reference to the sire, the best
authorities concur with the following
views. The original "Moi'gan” was
purchased at Springfield, Mass., in 1795
by Mr. Justin Morgan, of Vermont.-—
At this time, the colt was two years of
age. His sire was “True BriLton,"*"
son of “ Moi'eton’s Traveler," whose
pedigree runs directly back to the "Go-
dolphin Arabian.” The question then,
arises, how came True Britton in New
England, and who imported him? In
1777, General Delancey was in com-
mand of a battalion of English troops
consisting of tories and refugees on
Long Island. He possessed‘ great taste
in horseflesh, and brought ‘over Laih
and Wildair, both thorough-bred horses,
and likewise True Bi-itton. Wildair
evinced such decided superiority,‘ that
he was afterwards sent back to Eng-
land. In the fall or winter of 1777,
True Britton was captured by a few
daring patriots, and brought across Long
Island Sound to the eastern shore of
Connecticut. There is not therefore any
doubt as to the fact that the ancestor of
the Morgan was thorough-bred. In
reference to the blood of the dam, how-
ever, nothing is definitely known. She
is described by a gentleman 1' who knew
her and recollects her appearance, to
have been of “ middling size, with a
heavy chest, of a very light bay color,
with bushy mane and fail, the hair on
the legs long, and a smooth, handsome
traveller.” Her sire was a horse named
“Dia‘niond," but of him nothing what-
ever is known. The inference may
perhaps be drawn, that the dam of the
"Morgan” had some blood in her veins,
but we believe that no one will for a
moment suppose her to have been thor-
ough bred. The immediate descen-
dants of the Morgan had a mixture of
worthless blood, to the full measure of
one-half; and as we progresb from ‘the
year 1800 to the present time, we may
safely set down the Morgan blood now
or hereafter to be produced, at an amount
not exceeding one-sixteenth. Let us ex.
amine facts for a moment, in illustra-
tion of this position. , Morgan Black
Hawk was sired by Black Hawk, he by
Sherman Morgan, and he by Old Mar-
gan ; therefore Sherman Morgan was a
half-blood, Black Hawk one-{curtli blood
and Morgan ‘Black Hawk only one-
eighth of Morgan blood. Still he isa
good horse, (size only excepted,) and his
other crosses being of blood-stock, from
this his superiority is derived, and but
very little is attributed to the diluted
Morgan blood, From this it will be ev-
ident to every careful observer, that the
importance which is attached to the
Morgan stock, amounts to absolutely
iioth'ing..’; In short, the great charac-
teristic of this family, small size, (they
*’.\'ot True Britton, by Othello, mentioned in the Eng-
lish stud book.
\
1- Mr. F. A. Weir, of Walpole, N. H., who quotes from
Mr. Joliu Morgan.
1 Tho original “Morgan ” left but four colts to per-
petuate his species, as follows :
I. “Revenge,” foaled at Claremont, N. H.; his dam a
“middle-sized white mare, of no blood.”
11. “Sherman Morgan,” raised in Lyddon, Vt.; dam
a “chestnut more of light bone and no blood.”
Ill. “Bulrusli,” raised at Tunbridge, Vt.; dnm a
“thick, lierivy, dark bay, and lazy mongrel.
1V. “Woodbury,” also from Tunbriclge ; dam a “bay
mare weighing about 1.000 lbs., a smart fair driver.”
This last was the sire of ‘-Gifiord Morgan,” and the
l but colt from the old horse.
In 1609, three ships from England, lnn-_
generally weighing much short of one
thousand pounds,) their want of length
of stride, their universal tendency to
the accumulation of fat instead of mus-
cle, their lack of being all day horses,
must, in the mind of -every reflecting
man, absolutely negate the popular idea
of their fabulous superiority. No horse
can be considered perfect without size,
this being, in our opinion, the most es-
sential point. Whenever a well-bred
horse of proper size, meets with an ac-
cident, or suffers from the milder forms
of disease, his place can be‘ found with-
out difficulty. He will not be unfitied
for the labors of the heavy wagon, the
plow, and all the ipcidentals of agricul-
i.ural'life; but aside from the light wag-
on, che drive about town, or on the
road for _a dozen miles, the Morgan of
the present day is almost useless. He
is a fine plaything, but for anything like
work, some different variety of horse
must be selected.
In years by-gone, the State of Con-
necticut cqild justly claim a breed of
horses, which were surpassed by none.
_The_y consisted of two varieties, the
"Messengei-s,” confined almost exclu-
sively to that portion oftlis State lying
west of the Connecticut river, and the
"Narragansett,” of the east.
The founder of the former family,
"Old Messenger,” was imported directly
from England, and dame into the pos-
session of Major Hickock, of Danbury.
a few years after the burning of that
town by the English, during. the Revo-
lution. No horse possessed greater
power of transmitting his qualities to
his descendants. The old proverb, that
“like produces like,” in his case was
fully verified. It is deeply, to be regret-
ted that all traces of his pedigreehave
been obliterated by the lapse of years.
The most valuable trait in this family
of horses. was their extraordinary pow-
ers of endurance. in trottinga single
mile, they were frequently easily beaten
but on the road for fifty miles or more,
their performances stand unrivaled.—
When it is remembered that the blood
of “Old Messenger” was mingled from
the beginning with the inferior and or-
dinary stock in his vicinity, those who
have been familiar with his progeny,
will consider him a horse of matchless
power. He did not possess a good dip-
position, and wherever one drop of his
blood is found at the present time, there
is to be discerned no evidence of kind-
ness of temper or of ordinary docility.
The qualities of this breed were not de-
veloped until they arrived at the age of
eight or nine years. After this period,
until they reached the utmost period of
equine longevity, twenty or twenty-five
years, their power and vigor was unaba-
:ed. Age never seemed to tell upon
them, but for tenacity of life, iron endu-
rauce and perfect constitution, their su-
periors have never existed in New Eng-
land. This family strongly resembled
each other, and the following descrip-
tion applies to all of them as well as to
their famous progenitor. Ears fine.
rather short and erect ; large and prom-
inent eyes, forehead very prominent be-
tween the eyes ; face dished below ;
large open nostrils; thin under jaw ;
a neck finely protruding in a short arch
from the body, and universally speckled
with gray hair; short strong back ;
round body well ribbed up; deep chest;
fine flat shoulders; at widc_ muscular
arm; large, well-knit knee-joints; the
leg short, fat and fine to the pastern;
hoofs open, wide and clean, with rather
high heels; deep muscular quarters;
hind legs a little longer in proportion to
the fore legs, and well bent under the
body; strong hooks; round full croup;
tail handsomely set. strong and bushy ;
height nearly sixteen hands, and rather
pony built.
“Riplon,” 'who was raised by Mr.
Meeker, of Westport, Ct., was cited by
“Young American Eclipse," he by “Du-
me. The dam of Eclipse was "Silk
Stockings,” an imputed thoroughbred-
On the paternal side, of course Ripton
was all right. His dam had some of
the Messenger blood. From his per-
formances on the turf, all must allow
- hat he possessed "blood” which told
enough to ensure his reputation as a
trotter, and to satisfy the most sceptical,
that Fairfield county has formerly pos-
sessed the elements of splendid stock.-
Ripton, beyond a doubt, had a cross of
vulgar blood, and he was an exception
to the general rule, that careful breeding
is necessary to perfection in the horse,
precisely as two noted exceptions exist-
ed in England, in the cases of Sampson
and Bay Melton, each of whom, not-
withstanding their wonderful performan-
ces on the course, possessed some inferi-
or blood.
The Narragcnsctts of eastern Con-
necticut, for speed and endurance, 8'9
entitled to the highest commendation.-
They were pacers, although their gate
would, or rather ought to debut them
from participating in the contest: of the
course, still, as saddle-horses, tbey’p08-
sessed no superiors. Their performances
in speed and endurance, have never been
equalled in New England. They ac-
complished from eighty to one hundred
miles in a day, without the slightest ap-
parentlinjury. No breed of horses pos-
sessed their powers, excepting only those
Mustangs of California, described by
Col. Fremont and others.
Their origin has been attributed to I
cross with the native Indian pony.-
But their size (full sixteen hands.) their
length of stride, their thin necks, their
wide chests, fully disprove this supposi-
tion. It is unnecessary to repeat, that
for service and endurance, this family
were excelled by none.
From the foregoing statement, we
perceive that the State of Connecticut
has possessed two distinct and valuable
breeds,of horses. Both of them have al-
mo_st entirely disappeared, in conse-
quence of neglect and inattention to this
important subject. Ought this state of
things longer to exist ‘E In there any
reason why the State of Copnecticut
should continue behind her sisters in the
propagation and rearing of this most val-
uable auimal? No agriculturist will do-
ny, that the expense of raising an inferi-
or colt and a truly superior one, is equal.
It would seem then, that our farmers do
not exercise their usual sagacity and
slirewdness on this point. If they have
no feeling of State pride, if they have no
ambition to place our State second to
...,...._. .-,-.r.-....»a-.-.»— ..u-
.- up-clam-«A~vfilE~.'~ -.-.~- - -~---: -r ~-
This arrangement is not only unnatural
none in the qualities of her horses; even
their own interest ought to stimulate
them to make some effort at least, to re-
store our reputation to that position
which Connecticut enjoyed in the days
of infancy._ '
Attention to a few well known prin-
piples, together with judicious selections
of stock, is all that is required. The cir-
cumstance which the breeder of horses
requires to keep {most in mind is, that
the qualities, good or bad, of the animal,
are hereditary. Finely made horses pro-
duce similar descendanis and vice versa ;
heavy horses never produce animals pos-
sessing the qualities of speed. The bone
blood, and general form are directly
transmissible; and in case of crossing,
the produce is found to possess a propor-
tional share of both sire and dam.-
Cross-breeding between extremely dif-
ferent horses is not advantageous; it be-
ing a generally recognized principle that
the nearer the resemblance between the
parents, so will the produce be more sat-
isfactory. The great aim of the breeder
should be the propagating of excellen-
cies and avoiding defects . and any far-
mer by care and attention, may produce
this result. Some parts of our own
State, and certainly many localities in
New York, will supply the elements of
an improved breed; and it only remains
that the requisite skill be employed in
the selection, and continued in the prop-
agation. The great, and very general
mistake committed in,Connecticut, con-
sists in thinking that any shape or
sort of animal on the female side is "good
enough to breed from." Accordingly,
we find even at our county fairs, young
animals without one single point of tee-
ommendation ; frequently disagreeably
marked, and every point of excellence
wanting. We believe that quite as
much, if not more depends on the dam
as the site. The female will impart size
strength and vigor of constitution, capa-
ble of performing any work that is re-
quired; and the male will supply spirit
and muscle to put the strength into. ac-
tion in any emergency. Experience has
fully shown that no animal is more lin-
ble than the horse, to transmit blemishes
as well as beauties, and that disenecof
all kinds are inherited by the progeny if
not in the firat generation, they are sure
to appear in that immediately succeeding.
This consideration increases, the necessi-
ty of a judicious selection, for the propa-
gation of diseases is even worse than un-
sightly forms and condemned points.
The qualities of the male also, require
examination; for though the best ani-
mals are usually kept for propagation.
yet a discrimination is absolutely neces-
sary. The animal should be clean limb-
ed. with a flat thin bone ; barrel round
and carcass light ; lofty oblique shoul-
ders, tapering withers, arched neck, and
small head; eye prominent and impetu-
ous; ears fine and quick in motion, jaw
bone narrow, and the muzzle tapering.
An old writer, Camerarius, says, “A
perfect horse should have the breast
broad, hips round, and the mane long ;—
the countenance fierce like a lion‘,a nose
like a sheep, the head, legs and skin of a
deer, the throat and neck of a wolf, and
the ear and tail of a fox.”
The greatest and closest observer of
nature, Shakspeare. in the loves of Va-
nus and Adoiiis,' gives the following
beautiful description:
“Round hoofd, short jointed, fetlocks shag and long,
Broad breast, full eyes, small head, and nostril wide,
High crest, short ears, straight legs, and passing strong,
Thin mane, thick tail, broad buttock, tender hide :
Look, what a horse should have, he did not lack ;
Save a. proud rider on so proud 9. back."
The management of horses is of the
next importance to their breeding, but it
is unnecessary to discuss that subject
here. I cannot refrain, however, fgom
referring to two abominable practices
which have been more conducive to the
injury of the constitution of the horse,
than all others combined. I refer to
the brutal and cruel practice of docking
and nicking horses. Thcidea that the
Creator has left any portion of his work
unfinished. and that man can improve
upon it, is not only absurd, but blasphe-
mous.. A long, flowing tail and mane
were given to the horse, not only to in-
crease his beauty, but were also intended
as a means of defence. In depriving the
horse of these, \ve not only make him an
unsightly deformity, but we expose him
to excessive annoyance through all the
months of summer and autumn. But
this is not all. An Intelligent English
writer relates an instance of a hunting
horse which could carry its rider over
the highest five-barred fence with case ;
but thinking his horse "did not carry his
tail quite right,” the owner had him
nicked, and when he apparently recover-
ed from the operation, he could scarcely
carry’ him over two bars, The difficulty
was, that cutting the muscles of the tail
weakened the animal in the loin: ; and
till! is the invariable result of this vile
horse jockey practice.
Another custom which ., univetsallyl
prevails, and is absurd and senseless in
the highest degree, is the check rein —
but the horse is seriously constrained by
it. He necessarily loses strength, for it
disturbs the vital force, and induces an
unnatural action in the muscles of the
neck, head, shoulders and mouth. This
stupid contrivancc deprives the limbs
and chest of energy and vigor.
Look at the horse, when the check rein
is loosed after driving him rapidly any
distance, and he unersally stretches out
his neck and hangs down his head. He
thus tells you in language not to be mis-
understood, that the strap hurts and
wears him, and that he is heartily rejoi-
ced to be relieved from it. No people
use the check rein except ourselves and
the English. The French never use it;
the Germansdo not, nor do the Span-
iards cr the Cossacks, the best horsemen
of Europe. Neither do the Indians and
Spaniards of this continent, who live on
horseback from childhood. we hope to
see the check rein abolished in this coun-
try, as it is only an imitation of a foolish
practice in England, and is not entitled
to the slighest consideration. It wastes
the motive power. Its use is unhealthy
for it disturbs the otherwise naturally
and equally distributed vital forces. It
shortens the life of the horse ; it dimin-
ishes his speed, and lessens the free and
quick action, so essential to the safety of
the animal and his driver. In short, it
NORWALK, CONN .- TUESDAY, JULY 15, 1856.
In conclusion, let us ‘repeat that the
horse is the most important animal which
has been provided for the human race.
Without him. it may be asserted, that
man could not have reached his present
degree of civilization, nor have been able
to overcome the numerous obstacles to
comfort and happiness. The want of
these animals was one of the principal
causes which rendered the aboriginal in-
habitants of this country, so inferior -to
their invaders; and the decided superi.
oriiy of the white man over the Indian
was owing almost as much to the horse
as to the knowledge of fire arms. In
fact, next to the want of iron, the want
of horses is perhaps, one of the greatest
physical obstacles to the advancement
of the arts of civilized life. Let this
beautiful animal, then, be fairly treated;
let the old Anglo Saxon doctrine of "fair
play” be applied to him; let his culture
his education, size, form and action, all
be regarded with care and attention by
our intelligent farmers, and in a short
time the fertile valleys of Connecticut
will be filled with a race of horses, to
which we can proudly point as a noble
memorial of the intelligence, skill and
scientific knowledge of her thrifty tillers
of the soil.
PUBLIC ACTS.
Passed May Session 1856.
Orricn or Sncannar or STATE,
Hartford July,2, 1856. l
Publishers of newspapers who insert
in their respective journals the Public
Acts of the late Session of the General
Assembly, are respectfully requested to
publish sai Acts in the numerical order
here following, and to comply strictly
with the provision of the sixth section
of “An Act relating to certain State Of-
ficers; and to the Treasury Department.”
N. D. SPERRY, Secretary of State.
cnxrrnn 1.
An Act in addition to An Act for the reg-
ulation of Civil Actions.
Be it enacted‘ by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General ,
Assembly convened 5
The levy of execution on the equita-
ble right or interest which any Railroad
Corporation may have in the whole, or
any part. of the realestate, right of wav,
or road bed,of any other Railroad Cor-
porstion, together with the increase,
rents, and profits which may be due, or
coming due thereon, shall be, by leaving
a true and attested copy thereof, with
the treasurer, secretary or clerk of said
last named Railroad Corporation, with
an attested certificate by the officer ma-
king cuch levy, that he levies upon and
takes such right or interest to satisfy
such execution, and thereupon said offi-
cer aball post the same on some sign
post in the town where such last named
Railroad Corporation has" its office, or
principal place of business, in the State,
and as "in cases of personal property, shall
at vendue, sell the same, together with
such income, rents and profits, or so
much of them, as shall be sufficient to
satisfy said execuiion, and such officer
shall thereupon give ‘to the purchaser an
instrument in writing, conveying to him
such right and interest, and shall also
leave with such Treasurer, Secretary or
Clerk, is true and attested copy of such
execution, and of his return thereon ;—
and the purchaser shall thereupon be-
come entitled to said ‘right and interest,
and to all rents, profits and income there-
on, as such debtor was entitled :0.
Approved, July 1, 1856.
cmirrna II.
An act to confirm the doings of Asses.
acts and Boards of Relief in certain
031888.
Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly convened :
Sec. l.—That in all cases where
the assessors or board of relief in any
towns have been elected at a meeting
not legally warned for that purpose, and
in all cases in which the assessors in any
town have omitted to post notices, or
publish the same in accordance with the
provisions of the third section of "an
Act for the assessment and collection of
taxes;’-’ and in all cases in which as-
sessors have omitted to sign, or return,
or make oath to an abstract of the asses-
ment lists of their respective towns, or
to lodge the same in the Town Clerk’s
office in said town by the fifteenth day
of December in each year, and in all ca-
ses in which assessors have not signed
the assessment list or lists of their res-
pective towns, collectively, but have
signed the same individually, as for dis-
tricts or societies in such towns, or have
not signed them at all; and in all ca-
ses where said assessment list has been
added to, or made out or altered before
the boards of relief have equalized or ad-
justed the returns and assessments of
their respective towns; and -in all cases
in which the board of relief in any town
have met for the transaction of business
before the first Monday of January in
any year, or have omitted to give notice
of the time and place of their meeting
according to the provisions of law; and
in all cases in which the town clerk of
any town has not transmitted to the
comptroller of public accounts an ab-
stract of the lists of such town by the
first day of March in any year, and in
which such assessors or members of such
board of relief, have omitted to take the
oath provided by - law, or when the as-
sessors in any town, have assessed any
company or corporation under a name or
firm by which they are generally known
and recognized, yet other than that by
which they are known in law; such as-
sessment lists shall not for any such can-
ses be adjudged void, but the same are
hereby ratified and confirmed S and all
taxes which have been or shall be impo-
sed according to such assessment lists,
may, notwithstandgng, be levied and
collected, provided this Act shall not ef-
fect any suit now pending.
Approved, June 19, 1856.
ciurrsaiii.
An Act in relation to Bank Directors
and Bauk' Commissioners.
Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly convened:
Sec. 1. That no person holding the
office of Bank Commissioner for this
is of no use, and imparts neither dignity
I101‘ grace to the animal. ,
‘r
uni! Euluisli, clinical Snlilligenri, Iituuluri, fillllllffi, illgiiiullnrij Ziliibuuirii, lb: ‘ilrts, lltimrulinu, lci. lci.---clliituhliibili in
any ‘Bank in this State. either as ma-
ker, acceptor, drawer or endorser, or in
any o:her manner, to an amount excee-
ding five per cent. of the capital of said
Bank actually paid in.
SE0. 2.‘ All other Acts, or parts of
Acts, inconsistent with this act, are
hereby repealed.
Apprqved, July 1, 1856.
. CHAPTER iv.
An Act in addition to and in alteration
of an Act entitled “An Act authori-
zing the establishment of Savings and
Building Associations.
Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly convened .-
Sec. 1. That all contracts for the
loan of money whether payable on de-
mand or otherwise, which have hereto-
fore been made by any Savings and
Building Association, to any person or
persons, corporation or corporations, who
at the time of making such loans were
subscribers to or owners of the stock of
such association, on which said contract
there may have been reserved, taken or
paid, or agreed to be paid, in addition to
the legal rate of interest, a bonus pays-
ble from time to time in advance or oth.
crwise, shall not for that reason, he held
usurious, illegal or in any respects, void
but such contracts if in other respects le-
gal, are ‘hereby confirmed and declared
to be valid, both as respects principal,
interest and bonus.
Sec. 2. This act shall take effect from
and after the day of its passage.
Approved, June 27, 1856.
- CHAPTER. v.
An Act in alteration of An Act passed at
the Present Session of the General
Assembly, entitled “An Act in addi-
tion t.o,and in alteration of an An Act
entitled An Act authorizing the estab-
lishment of Savings and Building Asso-
ciations.
Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly convened .°
Sec. 1. That upon all contracts legal-
ized by the Act passed at this Session,
of which this is in alteration, no bonus
shall be hereafter taken of a greater rate
than one half of one per cent. per month
payable monthly, in the manner speci-
fied in such contract, and if a greater
rate of bonus shall be hereafter taken
upon any such contract, the said con-
tract shall not be confirmed or rendered
valid by anything contained in said Act,
and nothing contained in said act, shall
affect any suit or proceeding at law or
equity, now pending. But it is provided
that it shall be lawful for any party to
whom money has been loaned by said
corporation,‘ upon any contract legalized
as aforesaid, with such monthly bonus,
to withdraw from the Association so
making said loan at any time on or be-
fore the lst day of January 1857 upon
his surrendering to said Associations, his
shares of stock therein, upon which said
loan was predicated, and paying to said
Association such sum of money as may
be found to be due, by charging said par-
ty with the principal sum loaned to him,
and interest thereon at the rate of twelve
per cent. per annum, and crediting said
party with the amount of all payments
made by said party to said Association, ,
on account of said loan, whether by way
of interest," bonus, installments on stock,
or otherwise, together with interest up-
on said installments of stock, from their
respective payments, at the rate of twelve
per cent. per anuum. And if upon such
sum so found to be due being tendered
to said Association by such partv, With-
in the time therein limited, said Associa-
tion shall refuse to accept the same, and
discharge the indebtedness created by
said loan, and to execute a valid release
of the real estate or other property upon
which such loan may be secured; then
and in every such case, said Association
shall be entitled to receive only such
principal amount so loaned.
Sac. 2. No corporation shall be here-
after organized under the law authori-
izing the establishment of Savings and
Building Associations, approved J une
22nd, 1850, unless all the stock shall be
owned and held by borrowers of such
Corporation, to an equal amount of their
respective stock when full and matured,
nor shall any such corporation hereto-
fore orgauized increase its capital stock.
by the issue of new shares, except to
such persons as shall borrow upon per-
manent loan of such Corporation, a sum
of money not less than the amount of
their respective shares of stock when so
matured, the bonus being payable month-
ly, or deducted from said sum in advance
as the case may be.
Snc. 3. This act shall take effect from
and after the day of its passage.
Approved, June 57, 1856.
CHAPTER VI.
An Act in alteration of An Act entitled
"An Act. relating to Banks.” _
Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly convened .-
That so much of the fourth section of
the act relating to Banks, passed May
session, 1855, . and approved, June 30.
1855, as provides that exchange not ex-
ceeding half of one per cent. may be
charged for checks. drafts, or bills of ex-
change on New York. Boston, Provi-
dence, and Albany, and at the customary
rates on other places, where the party
getting the loan or discount, requests
such check, draft, or bill of exchange,
and that further provides that any bank
or banking association may take and re-
ceive the current rate for collecting notes
bills, or bills of exchange, payable at
any other place than where the same was
discounted, be, and the same is hereby
repealed.
Approved, July 2nd, 1856.
cnnrrsn VII.
An Act in addition to “An Act. concern-
_, iiig Communities and Corporations.”
'Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly ‘convened .-
That where the capital stock of any
Bank which has accepted the provisions
of an act with regard to sundry Banks
organized under the act of 1852, enti-
tled "An act to authorize the business
of Banking," approved, June 16, 1855,
was at the time of such acceptance di-
vided into shares of fifty dollars each,
VOLUME XXXIX.---NUMBEE
IBUU.
._. ._., __.. “{-
..._
withstanding the provisions of’ the third
section of said act.
Approved, June 19, 1856.
CHAPTER viii.
An Act in addition to an act concerning
Communities and Corporations.
Be it enacted the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly convened .-
Thnt the Selectmen of any town in
this State where the Annual County
Agricultural Exhibition and fair is held
be, and are hereby authorized and em-
powered to appoint. not to exceed fifteen
persons, in addition to the present police
force of said town, to act as special coii-
slables in their several towns during the
time of such annual exhibition and fair.
Said persons so appointed, and all sher-
iffs and special constables of said towns
now in office, shall have and exercise
during the time aforesaid, all the powers
and duties of constables within the limits
of said towns, except in regard to civil
actions.
Approved, July 1st, ‘I855.
cnnrrnn Ix.
An Act in addition to “An Act relating
to Communities and Corporations.”
Be it ‘enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly convened .-
SEC. 1. That any Corporation organ-
ized unrler the act to which this is in ad-
dition, which now has, or which may
hereafter have a lien upon the stock of
any stock holder therein, as provided by
section 209 of said act, may give notice
to such stockholder, that unless such
stockholder shall within three months’
from the time of giving such notice, pay
his indebtedness to said corporation, then
such ccorporation will proceed to sell
and transfer the stock of such stockhol-
der in said corporation, and said corpo-
ration may sell the stock of such indebt-
ed stockholder, as hereinafter provided,
and any such corporation may prescribe
by its By laws, the manner of giving the
notice required by this section.
SEC. 2. Such corporation may at any
time within six months after they shall
have given the notice required by the
preceding section, to such indebted stock-
holder of their intention to sell such such
stock. and the three months notice shall
have expired, advertise in one or more
newspapers published in the county
where said corporation is located, and if
there is no newspaper published in said
county, then in a newspaper publish ed
in an adjoining county, giving at least
three week's notice of the time and place
when and where such stock will be sold,
and at the time and place of sale, shall
state the amount due from such stockh ol-
der to such corporation, and may then
proceed to sell for cash at public auction
to the highest bidder therefor, so much of
the stock of such indebted stockholder, as
shall pay in full the indebtedness of such
stockholder to such corporation, together
with the necessary costs of sale, and if
the sale of the entire stock of such in-
debted stockholder shall not be sufficient
to pay in fqll the claim of said corpora-
tion on said stock, then ‘such corporation
shall credit the amount received for such
stock, less- the costs of sale to said in-
debted stockholder, and may proceed ‘to
collect the remainder of their debt by
any proper action for that purpose.
. SE0. 3. Whenever the purchasers of
said stock shall have complied with the
conditions of said sale, the corporation
shall issue new certificates of stock to
such purchasers or to their order, and
shall cancel upon the books of the cor-
poration the certificates of such indebted
stockholder, and the new certificates is-
sued shall entitle the holder thereof to
all the privileges, rights and inerssts of
a stockholder in such corporation.
SEC. 4. Whenever any stockholder in
any such corporation has made, or if
they shall hereafter make, a transfer or
assignment of their stock, as security for
their indebtedness to a third party, and
shall become a debtor to such corpora-
tion, then it shall be lawful for such
corporation to proceed and sell the eq-
uity of redemption of such stock in the
same manner as is provided for the sale
of stock in the second section of this act
and shall credit. the amount received
from such sale to such indebted stock-
holder. Such corporation may require’
the party holding a transfer or assign-
ment of such stock, to give a statement
to the Treasurer of such corporation, un-
der oath, of the amount for which such
stock was pledged, and if said party
shall not give such a statement at or be-
fore the time such sale is to take place,
such party shall forfeit and lose all claim
and lien on such stock, or to any pair.
thereof, and such corporation may sell
the same in accordance with the second
section of this act.
SE0. 5. Nothing in this act contained
shall affect any lien or right acquired by
ny other party or parties, by virtue of
any attachment, or levy of executor, up-
on the stock of any stockholder in any
such corporation.
Approved, June 27:11, 18-56.
cniirrsn it.
An Act in alteration of an Act entitled
“An Act concerning Conimuni_ties and
< Corporations.”
Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly convened .-
That in the election by the several
towns in this State of town clerks’ and
selectmen for said towns, the persons
having the largest number of votes for
said offices respectively, shall be declar-
ed to be, and shall be, elected to the
same.
Approved, J nne 28, 1856,
cuxrrsn xi.
An Act in addition to an Act entitled an
Act concerning Communities and Car.
porations.
Be it enacted by the Senate and
House of Representatives in General
Assembly convened .-
SEC. 1. Whenever any town iii this
State, shall, at its annual meeting, have
neglected to appoint a pound keeper to
each pound in said town, or whenever
said office of pound keeper, shall have in
any way become vacant, the select men
may if they deem it expedient appoint
some proper person to - execute the dn-
ties of such office.
State, or Bank Director in any Bank in
this State, shall owe or be indebted to
such stock may remain so divided, not.
7
Sec. 2. The provisions of this act,
l
.29. ,
afterwards have become, or hereafter '
Norwalk Chronicler