__.;~‘-;
A. H. BYINGTON,
(JAZE
sL__&i»
TILT
E.
____...:——-—-'
——-js
TA
44
é——.
I III: TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE.
PUBLISHED EVERY TIIESDAY MORNING BY
51 .1”VuuIilri btmigiuiizr---hiiiiiirt in dual Slims anti iintmstu, ibturriil féutelligenrr, Iituulttrr, Ejiéiilitirz, Slgritnllntt, Zilubuniw, the‘ 31:15, illiinmtinn, Zcr. 3<t.---iltstnliliibui in 1800.
NUMBER 390--NEW SERIES. ,
R‘l[2\‘_5l7léllL[K EAZEEEE.
—.—-1
Liilsrhwcroufiflitsrarroiirletor.
=i== -.-. -subscription. Rates‘; .
Villa s bscribers by Carrier peryepi; -$2.00
Byyfil, 11:93: Riders and Wag’o_uers,'_ ' ' ‘2.00
These’ living out of anycarrlei-’s D1.-trict, i 1.50
For fractional parts. 0_1.'i_I year, at the rate of 2.00
p~ Single copies épenti, in wrapper, . c
Advertislht as... :
One Square, one insertion 81.00
do do *:wo’=- do I 1.25
do . do .. “three do 1.50
do “do; one month, 1.75
do do two months, 3.00
do - do three months, 4.00
do’ do _ six months, 7.00
do’ ' do one year, 13.00
Two d (1 20.00
A « o o «
Each -additional square, per year, 8 00
One Column, one year, ‘ 75.00
Adve'rtisers~.occupyiug two or more squares,
.. ,ar.e.entitled to the paper free of charge.
Fift‘eie‘u'lines'6f Brevier or 100 words make a
’ ésquare.» Fractional parts of usquare, charged
for as .a whole. . ,
"early advertisers have the privilege of chang-
ing‘ their advertisements- once per month.-
Adygrtisements changed ofteuer charged as
‘transient. ‘ '
Transient advertisements payable on the first,
.insertion.,._ Yearly advertisers payable at
Expiratidn of three months. Yearly adver-
tisers] restricted‘ to their regular business._
0,ards,- Resolutions, &c., inserted as Special;
N jitices, 25 per cent ‘addition to the above
xi '_.._ . . -. .
Q‘ These terms will he iufiexibly adhered to.
, ,.BOS1NEsS . niuucroiiu
".~/'\’\’\.'\/‘-'\4,\,/\r\/.
, ,. AMOSHUNT, ‘
General Pension.&l’.atent.Agent
And -Prosecutor of Claims before
the several Departments and
the Court (If Claims.
Washington, D. C.
HAIG-HT,
West Side the Bridge, JV‘orwall:,_ Conn.
_ MANUFACTURER & DEALER IN
Stoves, Tin, Sheet Iron, and
o COPPER. WARES,
Ranges, Furnaces, Britania 5- Crack-
ery, Wares, Chain Pumps, Lead
and Lead Pipe, Groceries,
China and Glass Wa7'es,
_ Q-c., Q-c., 4-c.
c. s. E. K. LOCKWOOD,
NORWALK. coNN.,
11 s.s.asasis.‘.'s..' ‘J “
THE Subscriber would_ return his thanks for
thevery 1ibera1..p,atrouage with which his
Store has been favored‘ the year past,’ and hopes
by a constant attention to the wants of = the
tiadiug-public and by a system of fsirand hon-
orable dealing, to retain his .s_har,e_.of~ trudefor
the year ensuing. , "His", Stock 091119159913, 9} 311
times 'a,choice and vkried selection ‘of fashiona-
ble and seasouablc Dry Goods’,--of every -quality
and price. He is‘ zconlldent.» - that. purchasers
will find every articlegpurchased ,at. his store,
equal‘ in quality, and ascheap‘ in price, as can
devoted-to the seleetibu of Cloths, Vestiugs,
&c., &e.,.for Geutlemeus-.wear,-which -will be
sold at the lowest market gptices. _
i>.
.— NOEWALK.-HA1‘, A , . -
Cap
THE Subscriber havlng';iu_st'madeTvery—ia'rg'e
additions to his fornigr§at9ck;Q£_~new-andfash-
ionable Goods in his line, _wpuld_ now ca1_1._the
attention of the public ‘g‘eu‘eralIy',“‘to' the “great
advantages which he isj_enabled to offer over
his competitors in ‘-fNi‘oijw_’alk. Conflning our
whole attention to thisjone’-.branchi~of business,
we feel that we can;make_.purc_his_ses,sqnd gecure
a much better quali_ty,.~,of_jgoo.t,l_s,. than those
We have now on .ha'n’d 4“a“"fiii"e" assortment?‘ of
Hus just suited to theseasou: and;.:the-iwants
of the community. -.For.. further. particulars,
just drop in and examine f01'_y.Qll1'SeIVeS, at N o.
2 Skiddy’s Block, Mainistréet}
. ': 17:: H-.:C.-_.RAN-DLE.
N°3‘““-1‘ 7‘: 3
-.-1
~.- -
PROVISIQ,NS,l'TRUITS,
Vegflahless 1“i§.1I:...of Mal.-I.. Kinds.
clams. Oysters, -&c.,»
As good as the market aho'rds,iconstautly-to be
found at the well known establi hment of
ALLEN, MEE ER,& CO.
fl‘ Goods of the above description received
daily, and for sale at‘whole”sa1e and retail on
the most favorable terms. ' -- '
Linda.
100 Bbls. of Lime for sale by T. L. PECK.
Timber and Lathe,
AT SOUTH‘ NORWALK.
350,000 Plastering Laths. '
50,000 Feet Pine andispruce Timber.
10,000 Pine Pickets just received and for
sale by MTHOS. L. PECK.
, News Goods at Southport.
UGUSTUSJENNINGS has opened during
~ the past week a large and well selected
assortment of DRY GOODS, Dar GROCERIEE,
Cnocxhar, Funsirnnh, CHILDREN5 AND LADIES
Shons. Hus, CAPS &LAnihs-Boxxhrs, Looking
MANUFACTU .3335 OF‘
Tin, Sheet Iron pper Wares,
AND DEALERS IN ~
Stoves, ' ‘Ranges, Furnaces, Cutlery,
Britannia Porcelain and Wooden
Ware, and Kitchen Furniture .-
' ingeneral, Pumps, Sheet
Lead. 4- Lead Pz'pe,.
- Crockery, Glass
‘ and China
Ware.
S‘: H. NASH,
“WHOLESALE. AND Rnrni. DEALER In
‘* S ~'l‘-OV ES,
MANUFACTURER OF
Tin, She6t’IroIi & 0opper'Wares,
Has cbnslantly on hand a large assort-
:ment__o_f general House-keeping
urniture, at So; Norwallc,
*5 Conn. . 7.
cm--s--.
I-Iardvvare
”:DEALER. ~
,NoR,wAI_.x, CONN.
_ J’. 1'. P00'PIl,_ _
Attorney and 0, counselor - at -Law,
ofi*1~'*'IdE OVER s{.4LLouy{s STORE
‘ ' Norwalk, Conn.
J A
- ~ successor: rro
A. S ’
. _. . EILECK.
Bookseller, S_tatiouo_r,& Binder,
v - 21' Main Street, Mwwalk.
some A_us'rnN"s
DAGl'ER*|AN~ ROUMS
- Over D. 8. N. Depot.-
NOBWALK.
1. ii: a n o s s e s
Whrranted to please all Good Judge‘-
H. M. PR‘0W_r-‘PT:
Teacher oflnlusiq.
Lessons on the Piano Forte, Melodeofli "~39 "1
Vocal Music. _
Pianos and Meloieous selected, with great
care as to tone and quality, for those desi-
ring to purchase. “I6
{
Norwalk Post Omee.
Jltfail 0lose.<i.——WEsr. 7.20 ,3. M., 1.30, P hi.
do do EAST, 8.4 A. M., 4 45 P. M
do do D. & N. R. R., 9.00.
Jllail Due.—D. 8:‘. N R. R. 8.00 A. hi.
__ do » do WEST, 9.30 A. 5., 5.50 P. zit.
ao do EAsr, 8.30 A. M. 3 20 P. iii.
R. A. WILLIAMS, r. M.
.
Telegraph Oflice open.
i"iHE Telegraph Ofiloe in Norwalk is now
open on week days from 8 AM. to 9 RM,
and on the Sabbath from 7 to 8 o’clock, P. M.
Ofice as heretofore at Austen’s Dague]-flan
Rooins,’Danbury and Norwalk Railroad Depot.
qygo Operate;-_
I Fire! Pirel!
w. 1:. nrssnnn,
AS refitted his Store, and has replenished
H his stock of Pure Drugs, Medicines, Chem-
1c.|g, Dye Stuffs, Patent Medicines, Perfumery,
Fancy and Toilett Goods, Brushes, &c., and
shallbc happy to meet his old Customers at
ghe P¢dp!e’s Drug Store, under the Connecticut
Hotel. Main-St., where may be found every
variety of Goods appertaining to an Apothe-
caryvs stock; which will be sold at the lowest
°°i3i‘.3ié§i§} attention will be given in select-
ifig pme Drugs and Chemicals, and_dispe_nsing
Physician’:=. Prescriptions. The Store will be
kept openon Sundays before and-after Church,
and in the Evening-
LL Jobbing in ’I‘iuner’s Line executed with
neatuess and digpatgh, at at
3 F. H. NASH’S, So. Jtiorwallc.
Ftobsi by the load
0r,letI ’'
ohiisgifi I ’ "3.
Glasses, Paper Hangings, Window Shades,
Umbrellas, Parasols, Trunks, Warp, Bat-
ting, &c. A weekly supply of fashionable
goods. All orders promptly filled at the low-
est cash prices; Satisfaction given or goods
may be returned.
SEWING,
Coats, Pants, Vests, Drawers, doc ,consta§tly
on hand-for all good Sewers. Those in or-
walk can be supplied every Monday from the
dwelling of Mr. Lewis Smith, in S£:[uth'lNorwalk,
etween 9 and 12 o’clock, A. . hose on
Bedding Ridge and vicinity can be supplied
from Samuel 0sboru’s every other Wednesday.
Sonthport, May. 18
cheaper thliuilver
.1! the South Norwalk
GROCERY STORE.
HE Subscriber has on hand by far the lar-
gestund best selection of Family Groce-
ries and Provisions, to be found in South Nor-
walk, which he offers to his customers and the
public, _at greatly reduced prices. His- facili-
ties are such that he will beconstantly receiv-
ing new and fresh supplies" of goods, as the
wants of his Customers may require, which will
always be of the best quality and sold at the
very lowest possible price, and he would re-
spectfully solicit an examination and trial of
GEO. W. SMITH.
the same.
1 Land For..Sale.
ABOUT eight acres of good.Laud, near
Main-st., one mile north of the Bridge ,' is offer-
ed for sale upon very reasonable terms. It is
admirably adapted for building lots", or for
gardening purposes, having a._. quick and rich
soil, and a large bed of vegetable mould or
compost manure, thereon; or it is well calcu-
lated for a first rate meadow." Itis well fenced
and in a very eligible location. » For further
particulars enquire at this Office. tf3
cabinet Ware ll'ooms~at
WESTPORT ! .
THE Subscribers would respectfully inform
their friends and the public ‘generally, that
they are still located a few doors’ north of the
turnpike, opposite the Store of. Alva Gray,
where may be found "a large and general as-
sortment of CABINET WARE in general. ’
Undertaking in all its departments attended
to at the shortest notice and upon- reasonable
terms. , -
An, examination of our stock and prices is
respectfully solicited, as we are‘ determined
not to be uudersold by any similar establish-
ment in the County.
. RENOUD <13 BRURN.
13
New Bakery‘.
S R. BUNTING would respectfully inform
a his old Customers and the public general-
ly, that he has returned to his former business
and is now prepared to furnish his friends with
every variety of fresh Cakes, Pies, and Bread,’
including Graham, Rye and Domestic Bread,
«kc. Hisstore, adjoining Messrs. Allen, Meeker
& Co., has been fitted up expressly for his bus-
iness, and he hopes to receive a liberal Share
of the public patronage, 20
Building moving,
3! CHARLES TUBES-
A-LL orders for building raising and moving.
left with the subscriber, will receive
prompt attention and be executed in the safest
and most expeditious manner.
JOSEPH SHEPHERD,
Cnrria, e Maker, Agent.
WOOSTER HOUSE
CORNER OF MAINAND WHITE STREETS,
Near the Rail Road Depoh.
HE Subscriber having leased the above
named Hotel, is prepared to receive board-
ers aud transient visiters. The House is abun-
dantly supplied with spring water, and has all
the conveniences necessary to make guests
comfortable, and the undersigned leels confi-
dent from the experience that he has bad in
the business of hotel keeping, that he can give
satisfaction to those who favor him with their
pat;-ongge. JOHN R. FORRESTER.
N. B.—Warm and Cold Water Baths ready
at all hours.
Danbury, 1855.
Hons, Forks and names.
TUTTLE’s Cast Steel Hoes, Manure and
Hay Forks, Spadlng Forks, and Malable
and Cast Steel Garden Rakes, for sale by the
(102. at manufacturer’s prices,by - ’
WM. 0..
'l‘here’s great demand-
Throughout the land
For LYON ’S POWDER-—w9.rr‘anted
T_o kill bugs, fleas, .
Insects on trees, , ,
And roaches too—’tis guaranteed,
DEPOT for Lyon’: Poisonles.-4 Magnetic
Powder and Magnetic Pills, for the de-
struction of insects and vermin‘, at
. ,KNAPP’S. _
Norwalk, Conn.
1y41
‘36
be obtained elsewheiie‘. = Particular "attention w
and .
comparatively unacqu”aint"e'd'wit1i the’ business. 1 1
3-louse-andslgu -fainting ..
ES.TABLI'S'IIM'ENT.
friends and the public‘,-that"he is in the
field ready for the campaignof 1866, and will
Sigu_ and Ornamental Painting, Gilding,
Graznmg, 9,/id Paper Hanging. Particular
attention will be paid to Letteriugand ‘embel-
which he-possesses unequalled facilities. - Give.
me a call. GEORGE MARVIN,
1y10 Norwalk, Conn.
iivme.
HE Subscriber would returu.his,thauks for‘
the very liberal patronage which the Pub-
lic have favored him with for the-' t year,
and would respectfully inform‘ his
that he is prepared to execute -all’-orders ina
superior manner. Silks, Merinoes. Paramet-
tas,,De.Lain_es, Shawls, Bibbon_s,,.._Gloves, and:
Stockings, dyed all colors, every week." ' ' ’
Broche Shawls cleaned equal‘ to new,'Crape,
Shawlscleaued, and dyed all~colors,~and the
-new.Chiua finish put ouequal to new. . V
All orders left at the Subscriberls residence
Norwalk, or of Joy 85 Sons, Danbury, Ct., and
301 Bowery, N. Y., will receive‘ attention.
0 ’ = JOHN PICKENS.
.N' OR W‘A LK"
0 AGRICULTURAL. .-S'l‘0RE.. -
HE"-Subscriber has just opened at the Store
- adjoining Joseph P. Hanford’siShoe~Store,
a very extensive and-coinpletejassortmeut of ._
Agricultural ‘Implements, V
tools, Pruning Knives, Shears,‘ &c., ,_&c.,,which
he will sell upon as reasonable terms ascan be
purchased anywhere in the County. Farmers,
Gardeners and others will find it to their in-'
terest to give me a call before -‘purchasing else-
where.‘ I r WM. J. FINLEY.
Norwalk, Feb. 16, 1855. . tf8
_Watches, [Jewelry and Fancy Goods.
NEW ‘ SPRING STOCK 1 -.
THE Subscriber has just returned from
New York with a new Stock of Fash-
a
ionable Jewelry; Watches, Plated
re and Fancy Goods, which he offers to his
customers v9 cheap.
Clocks and atches repaired.
Accordeons tuned and repaired.
Collin Plates, Spoons, Rings, &c.,neatly en-
graved. O. S. CLARK,
No. 2, Skidgly’s Block;
For Sale.
HOUSE, Barn, &c., with about five acres
_of land, located about 1 1-4 miles from the
Bridge on the New Canaan Road. There is a
first rate orchard, a good well of water, and a
never failing stream running through the prop-
erty. _ Said place will be sold at a great bar-
gain, if applied for soon. For par_ticu1ars,en-
quire of Mitchell 55 Camp, or on the‘ remises,
of _ LEEMAN C RTIS.
Norwalk, July 15, 1854. an
New Styles. '
I New Goods &. low prices.
- HARLES FIELDS has now on hand as
' large and varied an assortment of Gentle-
men and Ladies’ Gaiters, Boots, and Slippers,
as has ever been presented to the public in this
market. The_styles are new ; the workmanship
neat and beautiful; while the material is of
the finest texture and most durable quality.-
He has some very elegant, plain and fancy
colored, Ladies Gaiters; also, Gent-‘s Patent
Leather Boots and Shoes, with an endless as-
sortment of Boys and Misses Shoes, all of which
will be sold very low for cash. The public are‘
are invited to call and examine his stock for
thaniselves. mg;
Improved naguerreotypes,
In New and Splendid Cases.
JUST received a large assortment of every
varietyof plain and fancy cases, including
the new style of Patent Union Cases, which
are considered by all, as a most beautiful and
durable article. Also on hand srereouope
cases, with-carefully selected lens, which have
the effect to_ oudeuse two Daguerreotypes ta-
ken at difl'e'rent angles into one, and thereby
shows the features in a most perfect and life-
like manner. . Persons can have no conception
of the beautiful effect thus produced unless
they,have seen them. The Subscriber is also
taking, with wonderful success, Crayon Da-
guerreotypes, and at a very low rate. It is] 3
very commouoccurreuce for persons who have
had their likeneses taken in New York and
elsewhere, to have them retakeu at the Sub-
scriber’s Gallery.
‘ _ JOHN AUSTEN.
P. S. A large assortment of Fancy Cases,
Souveuors, Annuals, Tokens, Lockets, dtc. ,
designed expressly for Holiday Gifts. Don’:
fail to call and get a picture,-over Danbury it
Nonvalk.Rai1road Depot. - 51
WATERBURY Ge DlUN'GAN',A
:B1a.ck.am.1tha.
HE Subscribers thankful for the liberal
, patronage which they have received from
the Public during the past year,would- re-
spectfully inform their customers that they
are still prepared to execute all orders in
tlreir line of business, in the best possible
manner, expeditiously and at reasonable rates.
Especial attention paid tovthe repairing of
Wagons, Sleighs, «kc. Mill-Work and Ma-
chinery made and repaired, Turning, &c., &c.
Carriages, Slcighs, Wheel-beams, &_c., built to
order.
WATERBURY & DUNCAN.
Nos-walk Iron Foundry.
VERY description of CASTING done at the
shortest notice and in the best manner:
as cheap as can be obtained at any other es‘
tablishment in lphe State. Galvanized Chains»
Chain Pumps, on Fence,Posts,Rai1ings,&c.,
furnished to order. Patterns executed at
short notice and upon reasonable terms.
lyl ALEXANDER AUSTIN.
s. E. OLMSTEAD,
Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Groceries,
Provisions, 8rc., No. 14 and I6 Main-st.
I I AS just received an' entirely new and ex-
tensive assortment of goods which he
will sell on as favorable terms as any in the
trade. The public are respectfully invited to
call.
Norwalk, March 5th, 1855.
BUILDING MATERIALS.
Pressed &. Common Brick Lime,
Cement, Calcined Plaster. Hair
and Marble Dust.
THE Subscriber having dissolvedhis connec-
. tion with W. C. Srasnr, Esq. in the above
business, will continue it on his own account,
and will k_eep a good assortment of the above
named articles ccnstautly on hand which ‘will
be sold cheap for Cash.
15 _ CHAS. T. LEONARD.
Ofice at the -‘Store of W. C. Srnm:-r.
Buy the cheapest and Best
1-! A M S !'
HAVING received the Agency for the sale
of CAPE &: HALSEY’S celebrated Sugar
Coated Hams, we are prepared to fill orders,
both wholesale and retail, at N. 1'. City lowest
Cash prices, and will guarantee that we can
sellsmoked Hams, Shoulders, Smoked Beef,-
Tongues, and Lard, of a superior quality, at
loss rates than can be purchas elsewhere.
Merchants and Wholesale Dealerslwill find
it to their interest to give us a call. *
4 F. H. NASH, South Norwalk.
7 IPIOLASSIES in Hhds. and Bbls., of.superi~
’ or‘qu'ality,'at ‘ "
RATE Aprons, and fsncy"1Iissué Pa-
KNAPP’3-
‘ 1 per, at
THE Subscriber would again announce to his
be glad j-to attend to any orders. for House,
lishlng Sign Boards. &c:, for the‘ getting up of‘
SWEDEN"
at Winnipauk, or at Shepherd’s Bakery, at ‘
Such as'Plows, Harrows, Ox Yokes; Gardener’s '
_NOEw,ALK-, OONN. TUESEAY, JUNE 19, 1855.
-roster.
Flovvers.
[This poem was cut from one of the newspa-
pers many years ago. The author’s. name is
not known.] 8 .
Oh! they look’d upward in every place '
Through this beautiful world of ours,
And dear as a smile on an old friend's face
Is the smile of the bright, bright flowers!
They tell us of waud’riugs by wood and streams,
They tell us of lanes and trees,
But the children of showers and sunny beams
Have lovelier itales than these-
The bright‘, bright flowers 1
They tell me of aseason when men were not,
When earth was byangels trod,
And leaves and flowers in every spot
Burst forthat the call’ of God; .-
'When spirits, singing: their hymns at even,
Wanderhfby wood and glade,
And the Lord looked down from the highest
. ‘heaven. _:- ._ , _ .
And bless’d what he had made_-_-
The bright, bright fiowersl
That blessing remaiueth upon them still,
_ Though often the storm-cloud lowers, ,
And frequent tempests may soil and chill
The gayest of earth’s fair flowers.
When,,S_iu and Death, with their sister Grief,
"Made:';a,h6nle' in the hearts of men,
The blessing of God on. each tender leaf
Preserved in their beauty the_n_—
" " _' The bright, bright fiowersl
The lily is lovel)‘,=l_I:I.f.\!lien it slept
On thewaters of Eden’-s lake; ~
. The woodbiuebreathes sweetly as -when it crept
1 In Eden, from brake to brake. . I '
They were left as a proof of th'e<lovelines‘s .
Of Adam and Eve’~s first ‘home’;
They are here as a -type of the joys that bless
The just in the world to come-
" The bright, bright flowers!
Verses on the Return on Spring.
MANUFACTURED IN A i.awri:n’s orrics.
Whereas, on certain boughs and sprays
. Now divers birds are heard to sing,
And sundry flowers their heads upraise,
Hail to the return of Spring 1
The song of those said birds arouse
-The memory of our youthful hours
As gfgeen as those said sprays and boughs,
Ai~ fi'es.h and-reet as ‘Lise said flowers.
The birds ii. “oressid.,happy pairs, 7 ..
Love, ’mid the‘.3i.foresaid boughs, enshriues
In freehold nestg ; ubemselves, their DOIIB,
Administrators, and finish!-
0 busiest term of Cupid’s Court!
Where tender p1aiutifl"s actions bring; _
Season of frolic and of sport!
Hail, as aforesaid, coming -Spring.’ A _
A true copy. Attest.
,
uiscsi§i.sN*r-
fiom the New York Tribune.
Europe Revisited.--No. VI.
THE EXHIB1'I‘ION—THE STATE OF EU-
ROPE. .
PARis, Thursday, May 24, 1855.
The Great Exhibition remains an af-
fair of boards and boxes-—of paint, drape-
ry, gilding, and whitewash. It will be
an Exhibition by and by, and a very fine
one, but as yet it is only a promise, a sug-
gestion, which I hope, judging by the
rapid progress made this week in its fit-
ting up, may be in condll ion to receive
visitors and invite criticism early in June
To-day it is in just about as forward a
state as its New York predecessor was
when inaugurated by Presidents Pierce
and Sedgwick in July, ’53. I of course
except from this the Fine Arts depart.
ment, which has a separate building
with a separate charge for admission
(five francs as yet for either) and which
presents not only the largest but the best
collection ever made under one roof of
paintings by living artists. and perhaps
of Sculpture also. Of this, as of the
more general “Exposition,” I purpose to
speak at length when I shall have by ob-
servation and study qualified myself to
do so; not to-day. 1 will only remark
here that though the appearance exter-
nally of the“Palace of Industry” is more
imposing and graceful than that of its
London or even of its New York proto-
type, yet internally it is inferior to the
former and far inferior to the latter.-—
The division of the Exhibition into three
-—all Machinery and Raw Products being
exiled to the long, narrow gallery run-
ning parallel to the main “Palace” on
the bank of the S'eine—-detracts from its
general effect; the visitor feels no over-
powering sense of vastness like that in-
voked by the Hyde Park bazaar, in
which court succeeded court and gallery
stretched beyond gallery until the remo-
test seemed 1081; in the distance; nor is
there any single view in the French Pal-
ace that will bear comparison with that
of the Dome of its New York progenitor.
Th‘ marble walls of the French Palace,
moreover, though they improve its out-
ward appearance by giving it-an air of
solidity and a more agreeable color, dar-
ken the courts under the galleries and
give an impression of heaviness to the
entire Exposition. But the saw and
hammer are plied incessantly ; the courts
are being finished and filled up; we
have hours of sunshine almost daily, and
June is at hand. Let me postpone, then
my notices of the Exhibition and give
to day my latest impression of
THE STA TE OF EUROPE.
The question of Peace or War is even
yet undecided, and the scales incline
this way or that from day to day. Aus-
tria is evidently making earnest and fi-
nal efforts to bring about an adjustment;
and, while it is certain that nolpeace can
now be obtained that will not be to_the
L Western Alliance a defeat and a liumili-
ation, I believe the wisest statesmen of
both countries are to-day in favor of ta-
king .the best terms they can obtain, and
so bringing the tremendous sacrifices ne-
cessitated by this war to a speedy ter-
mination. What these terms will be are
pretty fairly shadowed forth in the Rus-
sian Diplomatic Circular detailing the
course of the recent negotiations at Vi-
enna, which you will receive herewith if
it shall not have already reached you.-—
Briefly, Sevastopol will not be dismant-
led-_ but strengthened, and Russia will
‘consent, to no limitation of her armament
lot: the -Black Sea; but she says to the
‘Sultan, "Tlie Dardanelles are under
your control; if you trust your present
allies and fear me, you can open those
straits to all foreign ships-of war if you
will, and then France and England may
at any moment protect your capital by
"their fleets should it seem to be mena
ced from Sevastopol Odessa or elsewhere’
I dofnot see that this stipulation would
be worth a straw but I believe it is the
best they can exact, and that sooner or
later the Allies will have to be satisfied
with it. Then comes thereallgdifiicult
point—that of securing the Christians of
Turkey against Moslem persecution and
injury, and when this securiiy is actual-
ly attained it’ will be clear that little is
left of Turkish independence but the
name. The genius of Islamism is essen-
tially intolerant and aggressive; when
‘the Turk ceases to be a fanatic it is high
time" for him to break up -his encamp-
ment in Europe and return to the
Asiatic wilds, whence his ancestors
emerged, the Koran in his left hand and
the sword in his right. "Given the “col-
lective guaran_ty" of ' complete religious
intolerance to the Christians of the Tur-
kish Empire, and’-‘Russia will never lack
a pretext for a dash at Constantinople
whenever a new revolutionary ferment
in Western Europe or a coldness between
France and England shall justify such a
step. I have" yet to see evidence that
the Sublime Porte will consent to any
such recognition dgusrauty of Chris-
tian rights in Tur ey as willsatisfy Rus-
sia; but, that guaranty once given, the
"sick man?’ of Autocrat Nicholas be-
comes sicker than ever.
At all events, I feel confident that
France desires peace, and that England
is at heart in accord with her on this
point. The two last men to accede to
the impulse will be Palmerston and Lou-
is Napoleon, because both are threaten-
ed with the loss of their places by its sat-
isfaction. Were peace concluded this
day, on the bases suggested by Count
Buol for Austria, and acceded to by
Dronyn de l’huys and virtually by Lord
John Russell also, John Bull would he
in worse humor than he has been for a
generation; the Whig Cabinet would
be tossed over the wall immediately, and
Earl Derby ‘would probably be called
to the helm. Here in France the war
is far less popular than in Great Britain
-—i_n fact, I cannot discern that, out of
the ranks of the office holders and the
immediate adherents of Louis Napoleon
,(two phrases to designate the same set
02 persons) there is any feeling at all in
faint of the War. Bu: let peace be made
, on the fiustrian or any practical basis,
and let the Army of the East be called
home in its present temper, worn down
by labor and suffering in the trenches of
an abortive siege, and infuriated by such
still more abortive and ridiculous demon-
strations as that recently made against
".Kertch, and I do not believe the Empire
cocf’-‘. stand through another winter. A
beaten army, a vanquished nation, may
adhere to the rulers who have shared its
misfortunes; but an army, a nation,
which believes itself sacrificed through
the incompeteucy and vacillatgon of its
rulers, is always in a dangerous frame of
mind, and all the more if it be confident
of its own prowess. If, then, I do not
feel assured that we are on the verge of
Peace, it is because I do not see how'the
present rulers of France and England
can afford to make Peace—that is any
such Peace as they can reasonably de-
mand or even Austria would propose.--
And if they will not accede to -Austria’s
bases of Peace, it were absurd to imagine
that Austria will in their interest plunge
into a war which must to her be a strug-
gle for life.
Since, then, the patriotism of Louis
Napoleon and his friend ‘Palmerston is
not properly supoaed to be patterned after
that of the Roman Curtius, I conclude
that we are not to have peace this Sum-
mer and I infer that the Allied command-
ers, fully conscious that they cannot now
invest Sevastopol, and cannot take it
without, are about to raise the siege (for
the alternative of dividingtheir forces in
the face of so strong and active an enemy
is not to be thought of) and recall disci
pliue and energy to their ranks by assum-
ing the offensive in the open field. They
can do this with an army, in good part
veterau,'uumberipg not less than 125,-
000 effectives, supported by a. powerful
fleet after leaving a force sufficient to
blockade the harbor of Sevastopol, while
their innumerable transports will con-
vey, not only food but guns and muni-
tions and baggage to any point of the
coast nearest to the designated field of
operations. Since the necessity of such"
a demonstration is apparent. there is no
reason why the Russian army should not
await them in a strong position at or
near Sympherophol, where their superi-
ority in cavalry and perhaps in field ai--
tillery may be improved to the utmost.
To Russia, a decided defeat in such a
conflict must be disastrous; to the Allies
with their four independent commanders
the sea at the backs, and their siege ar-
tille and munitions to be protected, it
can belittle less than ruin. Whatever
its issue, I believe a great battle must
be fought in the Crimea before the end
of June. And should the Allies be sig-
nally beaten, there are thrones which
weeks may suflice to topple over.
For dear Bread and ragged Finances
are now chronic complaints throughout
this Old World. We have groans over
the enormous cost of living even from
far-oil‘ Constantinople; Italy is admitted
by the Conservative oracles to be in a
state of permanent and general though
smothered rebellion, whereof the feud
between Church and State in Sardinia,
and the recent unopposed pioclamation
at Rocco di Papa (Papal States) are but
indications. Mark the following from
the Imperial Journal de Debuts of yes-
terday :
"The revolutionary spirit appears to be
aroused in Italy. An unusual agitation has
been observed in several important cities
which coincides with the appearance of the
agents of secret societies. Some of these
agents have been arrested, papers of conse-
quence have been seized, and it is said the
proofs of a vast conspiracy have been found,
which had for object the breaking out of an
insurrection in the central States. Enough
is known to show that danger exists ; not suf-
ficient to prevent it. What has passed within
eight days at Rocco di Papa is an index of the
situation. Many circumstances have contrib-
uted to reaniniats the eflervesceuce of the Ital-
iau populatipns. The cause of the withdrawal
oftlisdasmsstroopstseinledeaa ssd'l‘aIa
VOLUME IXXXVIIL---NUMBER 25.
cany was not at first known; it is new gggef-
ted that Marshal Radatski wished to concen-
trate his -forces so_ as to be able to dispatch
themu an oints, and with more vi r,
which sllitgild beIiienaced.’’ 80
Consider with this the progress of the
smouldering insurrection in Spain, where
monarchy has come to be understood as
a device for enormously enriching the
Royal Family and its favorites while
the Nation is a cipher, the Treasury is
inveteraiely empty and the public credi-
tors defrauded of their just dues. Thro’
sheer impotence and depravity Royalty
is fast sinking into open bankruptcy in
preeminently loyal Spain, and will not
pay sixpence in the pound. The hope-
less ruin of the finances of Austria has
been fully set forth in THE TR1BUNE.-
1-France this year borrows and spends
One Hundred Million Dollars over and
above her income, and will try to raise
another loan before the year is out un-
less the War is stopped meantime. Eng-
land borrows Eighty Millions of Dollars
increases her taxes, and threaten to come
again. Such threats seldom remain un-
fulfilled. How rapid and signal is the
decay of the Aristocratic prestige which
has so long served her rulers instead of a
great Standing Army and a fettered
Press, I leave to be set forth by corres-
pondents permanently in that country.-—
I think no intelligent observer regards
the further government of Great Britain
by such machinery as has hitherto suffi-
ced even a possibility. Further North,
in Denmark, we see the High Court of
Justice about to proceed to the trial on
impeachment of the late Ministry, which
is in fact a trial of the King on that charge
—a trial at least of the vital principle of
Monarchy. Thus from every side come
indications that “old things are passing
away,” alid that, in spite of spies, and
gag;-, and dungeons, and bavonets innu-
merable, there dawns upon the mind of
Europe a clearer recognition, at profoun-
der appreciation, of the inalienable Rights
of Man. Years may yet be required to
render it a living, pervading actuality ;
yet I feel confident that, out of Russia,
the sway of Pramtqriau Emperors and
miscreant Hombas must every daygrow
feebler until it passes away forever.
H. c.
Q. We find the following statistis-
tical record in tlie Illustrated London
News;
Russia, Sweden, Denmark. and
Norway.
The population of Russia, according
to some statistical tables relating to for-
eigu countries, recently published by
the Government, which contain the la-
test and most accurate information col-
lected, amounted in 1849-—exclusive of
Poland and Finland—to 53,137,150 per-
sons, of whom 26,282,277 were males,
and 29,695,166 females; the latter be-
ing to the males about 101; to 100.—
In 1846 Poland is said in Mr. McCul-
loch’s Geography, to have contained
4,857,700, and Finland 1,412,315, and
would make the total population 59,407,-
165——-within a few thousands of the to-
tal populatiou as officially published in
1836, 59,133,566. Though Mr. Mc.
Culloch puts down the total population
in 1846 at 66,008,315, we are inclined
to suppose his statement is erroneous,
and as the official account now publish-
ed must be presumed to be correct, con-
firmed as it is by agreeing with the offi-
cial accounts published in 1836, we con-
clude ihat within its own territories the
Russian population increases very slow-
ly, and hence its uneasiness, and the
trouble it gives to other nations. Peo-
ple well off at home are quiet and con-
tented. Amongst the population 159,-
707 are nomad, or without fixed habita-
tions. The total town population is
2,802,815--not more than the inhabit-
ants of London and Liverpool. The
only really great towns in Russia are
St. Petersburgh, 481,352 persons; Mos-
cow, 353,259; Odessa, 78,131 ; Riga,
65,389; Kazan 61,104; Tula. 51,522;
Kief 48,771; Astracliau, 46,099; Vina
45,017; Kisliiney, 43,965; and Kovnoa
40,601. The half of our population
lives in towns; in Russia the town pop-
ulation is not much more than one twen-
tieth of the whole.
The reveliuq of Russia, from which
we may infer the relative productive
powerof our 28,000,000 and the 53,-
000,000 of Russians (excluding Poland
and Finlandwas they are also excluded
from the revenue accounts) was, in 1849,
24,794,735, while we paid to the
tale, say £52.000,000. The revenue
of Russia was derived fiom direct taxes
£7,275,458; brandy monopoly, £9,774.-
l67; indirect taxes, £7.745,110—inclu-
ding the customs duties, £4,924,608;
making a iota! of £24,794,735. Our
population of 28,000,000 therefore, rai-
sed for the ordinary expenses of the
Government in peace, 2 1-4 times as
much as 53,000,000 Russians.
The national debt of Russia is £63,-
185,308—-or little more than one thir-
teenth of our debt (nearly £800,000,-
000,) still with her stinted revenue, the
debt is onerous. More than half our
taxes, before the war began (£27,726.-
000,) went to pay the interest on our
debt, which would speedily ruin us were
we not our own creditors, only a small
portion of our debt being; held by for-
eigners. ,
The trade of Russia compares with
our trade as follows, in 1852:
RUSSIA.
Ships Entered. ‘Ships Cleared.
No. Tonnage N o. Tonnage.
8,655 1 ,580,600 8,507 1,537,800
ENGLAND!
29,884 6,730,169 | 41,745 6,972,581
If we add the tonnage of the ships
that came and went together, we shall
have 3,118,400 as the amount of tonnage
employed in’ the trade of Russia, and
l3,602,750.iu the trade of Great Britain
—or the trade and shipping of Russia is
not one tenth of our trade and shipping.
It must be remarked also that not above
one eighth of the tonnage carrying on
the Russian trade is native, one third of
the whole being actually English, while
of the tonnage carryihg, on our trade,
more than four sevenths are native.-
The Russian coasting trade appears to
have employed in 1852, about 5422 ves-
sels, many of them very small, While
the coasting trade of Great Britain em-
ployed 2,700,000 vessels, and the ton-
nage which came and went amounted to
_certained.
25,800,000. In 1852 the total imports
ports of Russia, exclusive of Poland and
Finland, and exclusive of bullion, amoun-
£l6,l60,608, the bullion imported was
£1,988,800——-making the total imports
£l8,146,708, the total exports exclusive
of bullion, amounted to £16,982,056 ;
the bullion £l,056,372—together, £19-
038,428. Of the value of our imports
we can give no account, for none is kept
but the value of out exports, exclusive
of bullion, of which also no official ac-
count is kept, in 1852 was £78,076,854
or four times as much as the exports of
Russia, exclusive of bullion. The prin-
cipal articlesof import are-raw cotton
in 1852, 66,058,596 lbs.; cotton twist
4,184,054 lbs.; raw silk 408,456 lbs.;
sheep's wool, 2,922,012 lbs.; coffee 81,-
237 cwia ; sugar 605,323 _, cwts.; ma-
chinery value, £313,218; wines and
spirits £1,441,523. Manufactures —
cotton £719,051 ; silk £749,438; linen
£156,844 ; woolen £261,054 ; dye
stuffs and fruit together make £1,640,-
000. The principal articles exported
from Russia, including Poland, were in
1852, hemp 43,823 tons, flax 62.555
tons, tallow 752,530 cwts.; potash 252,-
741 cwts.; sheeps’ wool 29,111,184 lbs.,
bristles 23,882 cwts.; linseed and hemp-
seed 876,794 qrs.; timbers and deals to
the valu_e of £641,194; undressed hides
£108,496; red Russia leather, £179,-
122; and bread stuffs £507,426.
The total quantity of wheat, we may
remark, as this is the subject now of an
interesting controversy, exported from
Russia in 1852, to all other countries,
was 3,173,507 qrs_ The quantity im-
ported into this country from Russia, in
that year was 733,734 qrs. The largest
quantity imported into this country from
Russia in that year was 733,734 qrs.—
The largest quantity ever exported from
Russia, as far as the official accounts hith-
erto extend, was in 1847. 4,279,682 qrs.,
of which we obtained 860,586 qrs. The
large exports of 1847 were the stores of
several years, and the very high price in
the other parts of Europe caused Rus-
sia then to be swept clean. Since 1849
the export trade has been regular and
free, and there is no reason to suppose
that Russia can have more wheat to ex-
port in 1854 than in 1852. Instead
therefore, of having 6,000,000 qrs. to
to export, as Mr. Bright has most unad-
visedly and erroneously stated, she has,
probably, not above 3,000,000 qi-s.; and
instead of 6,000,000 qrs. coming hither
to save us from eating each other (as
he also asserted the other day at Man-
chester,) there is not the slightest prob-
ability that as much as 2,000,000 qrs.
would find their way hither had the two
countries remained at peace. In spite
of the war too, we have received in
1854 more than the half of our usual
supplies from Russia; and it must as-
tonisli every reasonable person to find a
well accredited member of the House
of Commons making such extraordinary
inflammatory, and exaggerated state-
ments as those made by Mr. Bright.-
We will now compile a table of the to-
tal value of the imports and exports of
the principal ports of European Russia
in 1852 2
Imports ‘ Exports
Archangel £50.184 £862,264
St. Petersburg‘ 7,776,085 5,110,887
Narva 81,456 55,351
Riga 675,523 2,015,745
Revel ‘S1 972 51.977
Windau 6,691 28,723
Libau 21,800 142,034
Ismael 14,643 291,315
Odessa 1,125,455 3,069,514
Taganrog 208,689 554,914
The number of acres in the Russian
empire is 1,688,905,251, or about twen-
ty two times as many as are contained
in Great Britain and Ireland. Of these
acres 23,804,743 are domains attached
to private residences ; 218,387,516 are
arable ; 107,971,138 are meadow ;241,-
205,861 are woods belonging to indi-
viduals, and 39,138,242 are woods be-
longing to municipalities; and 932,052.-
138 are waste, of which even the quali-
ty of more than 600,000 acres is not as-
The total crops of bread
corn- wheat and rye-—was in 1849,
67,410,156 quarters; and of other kinds
of corn, 97,873,272 quarters; Willi 12,-
752,573 quarters of potatoes. The
number of horses was said to be in 1849
17,456,503 ; of horned cattle, 21,228,-
240; of sheep, superior, 7,147,717; or-
dinary 28,187,946 ; of swine 8,862,410.
goats 1,055,122. Russia "has latterly
produced much gold : in 1847 the quan-
tity was valued at £3, 15,015, in 1852,
£3,462,154. The average produce of
iron is about 311,657 tons; our produce
is about 2,800,000 tons. Russia pos-
sesses 337 mauufactories of beet root
sugar, and produces about 300,000 cwi.
As some extravagant statementsare now
circulating of the present price of wheel
at Odessa (145 per quarier,) which we
disbelieve, and of the price in 1853-
pui down at 305 4d—-it may be right to
add that the official account. of the high-
est price of wheat in 1853 at Odessa
was 373 1d,; and the average of the
year was 283 4§d. The extreme prices
which are put forth by a. party, in order
to exaggerate the losses and sufferings
caused by the war, are imaginary, and,
were peace to be declared to morrow,
would be found to have no existence.
The population of Sweden. 3000113302,’
to the same authentic ofiicial tables,
was in 1850, 3,282,541, whereof 1.687.-
248 were males. and 1,795,293 females ;
or nearly 107 of the latter to 100 of the
former, The number of the town pop-
ulation was 162,107 males, and 188,971
females, together 351,078, or about one
tenth of the whole, and double the pro-
portion of the town population of Bus-
sia. In Swéden some attention is paid
to education, the number of children of
an age to attend school is 436,678, and
of these only 14,285 are unprovided
with ed ucation-—al'i the rest are at school.
The Customs duties were in 1852,
£441,257 ; the total shipping entered
and cleared were 14,052, of an aggi-e.
gate tonnage of 1,352,672. The total
value of the imports in 1852 was £2,
420,750, and of the exports £2,304,833.
About one third of the exports are sent
to Great Britain, and about one seventh
of the imports go from Great Britaiu.-
The principal exports to us are iron,
timber, and corn, and the principal im.
ports from us are cottons, and wooleus,
dye stuffs, coal, coke, and machinery,
Norway. though politically united
with Sweden, is commercially and sta-
tistically distinct. Its population is not
mentioned in the official tables, f_roui.an-
other source we state its amount at
about 1,400,000. They had in ._ 1851.
395,784 tonnage of shipping engaged in
the carrying trade of foreign countries,
In 1852 the total tonnage entered .in_.-
wards and cleared outwards was 1,922,-
026, of which 782.782 tons were in bal-
last-—a number of ships going to. Nor-
way for timber, which find no correspon-
ding heavy cargoes to carry thither-—.
After the Norwegian vessels, -Danish
and Hamburg vessels have the_ largest
share in the trade of Norway. The
principal articles imported are cotton,
wool, and manufactures of those materi-
als, earthenware, com, colonial ‘wares,
spices, a;c. Suffering like the glint!’-
part of Europe from a short supply of
corn, the price of wheat was, at the
close of 1853, between 745 7d, and_8_0I
3d per quarter--being dearer in _ Nor-
way than here. . . .
The population of Denmark wa_s._1,-
223,797 in 1834, and 1,407,747 in 1850,
the males at the latter period were 692,-
440, the females 715,307, or in the ratio
of 100 to 103. Almost the smallest
possible portion of these people live to
be above 100, 1 in 1000. Denmark,
like some other States, expends even_ -in
times of peace, more thanits revenue,
her revenue was £1,952,076, but as she
increased her marine considerably in
this year, the war even put her to an
additional cost. In this year, too, she
increased the interesi of her debt from
4,340,286 to 7,434,700 rix bank dollars
whole increase of her expenditure-from
1854 was remarkable. Denmark owns
in all 4701 vessels, of 100,595 -lasts,
equivalent to 201,190 tons, and of these
vessels 34 are "steam vessels of 21-93
horse power. The total tonnage gm-
ployed in her trade, in 1832, was 2,943,-
382, aud the number of vessels was
136,469 exclusive of coasting and canal
traffic, the imports were estimated..a't
£5,266,168, and the export trade is with
Great Britain. The former consists of
spices, cotton, woolens. earthenware,
coals, and all kinds of colonial produce
ttanshlpped from hence. The latter
consists in bread stuffs, cattle, wool, pro.
visions, bones, btc.
The total population of the three
Northern States, and that of Russia with
their shipping and trade, may nowbs
stated in contrast :
Russia, including Poland In Finland.
Population Exports and Tonnage
, Imports in trade.
59,147,150 37,020,484 3,118,400
Sweden, Denmark and Norway. -
6,290,288 13,862,831 6,318,080
Thus these three civilized and Protes-
tant countries have little more than a
ninth of the population of the barbarous
Colussus Of the North, but they employ
twice as much shipping, and the value
of their trade is more than one third of
that of Russia. Such are specimens
only of the superiority of our Scandil_ia-
viau relatives over their Sclavlsh neigh-
bour.s—-our enemy, and their oppressors.
Phrenology in the Pulpit.
The following is an extract from a re-
cent Sabbath morning seiinou, delivered
gatioii, reported verbatim by a Phonog-
rapher,
IT is very hard for a minister-of the
gospel, standing before a promiscuous nu.
dience, to deal with the facts of their
minds, and their inward lives. It isa
melancholy fact, that men know less
about that which is the very element of
their being, than about anything else in
the world. I suppose if I were to go
among the intelligent men in my congre-
gatiou,{I could get every variety of infor-
mation on subjects connected with the
daily business affairs of life-—upoii queg.
tious of political economy, upon various
questions of commerce, facts concerning
the structure of ships, steam engiues—I
could collect any amount of information
on all these, and a thousand other kindred
subjects. But when I ask them what isin.
side of tlz.emselves—they can tell me of a
great mauufactory, and explain to me
the Operation and use of all the machine.
ry in it-but upon the question of-the
machinery of their own minds, they can-
not says Word. In regard to commer-
cial matters, they know all about them ;
they have examined them, they have
compared their ideas on these subjects,
and have classified them. They believe
themselves lobe" immortal creatures, that
they have throbbing within them a soul
that shall live; yet, whenlask themlany
questions in regard to their inward na.
rure, their only reply is, "I don’: know,
ldou’t know.” They do not know what
their reason is; they do not know when
is the nature of, their moral powers,-_
they do not definitely understand the na-
ture or operation of any one faculty of
their minds! _
They understand tI‘1e_.ngf,—‘u1-3 5; the
soil of the earth; they know the plouoh
and all the implements of agricultureif.
"WY ‘WOW what to do with a plant that
is not thriving, they are skilful to impart
to it fresh life, and make it flourish.-—
But if any plant that ought to grow in the
mind is stunted and does not thl'iVe,.thev
cannot tell how to make that grows;
They don’: know what to do to bflllo it
forth. °
It is difficult for a minister of the gas.
pel to set forth the truth intelligibly in
respect to its relation to theliuman mind
I think it is partly because men have
not been curious in respect to themselves
and partly on account of the many be.
wildering systems of mental pyilosophy
that are in vogue in our day. -For if
there were none of these systems except
the old schools of metaphysical philoso-
phy, I would defy any man to obtain by
means of them any clear idea about the
soul, for at best they are of but little more
value than so many cobwebs. Men: may
study them, however, if they haven taste
1°’ “Wm; if a man loves logic and dis-
cussion, let him take one of the old _met-
aphysical mental philosophies, and he
will have means of busyiiig his mind un-
til he grows tired of such business. But
if a man wishes to know practically
what he is made up of, if a man wishes
a knowledge of human nature for;defi-
ite practical purposes, there is no sys-
in 1854 she expended £2,196,215, and '
the value of each being 2s3d.; and...the '
£1,481,573 in 1853 to £2,196,215. in '
.by Mr. BEECHRR to a very large congre-.
Norwalk Chronicler