Norwalk Gazette, Tuesday, September 2, 1823 · page 2

 

 

 

 

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_ New-Yoiiir. August 926.

I FROM EUROPE.--Tlie Howard, Capt.
Holdrege, arrived at this port yesterday in 85
days fr_ou'i I-Iavre, whence she sailed on the
.‘..’0th ult-. We have received from our corres-
poridents, and are indebted to capi. II. for-‘files
of Paris papers to the ltltlr ofJuly, irrcliisive.

According to these papers, the cause oflib-
erty in Spain, has no pru§peC_t of SU0,C8S5- It
"appears certain that Murillo, has abandoned
the Constitution-.ilists,~aird accounts from Ma-
drid of the 12th July, assert that he has actu-

‘ _allfy.joined the Frcuclr,with 8000 of his troops.
lfso, this will he an unexpected and heavy
calamity to the Sparriards.

By a letter received in England, it appears
that on the Qlst of Juire, Murillo was within
60 miles of Coririitia, witli a force of lélto
15,000 men, tolerably well equipped, and said
to be in good spirits. In a letter to Qiiirogii,
dated at Luge, June 28th, he corrrplairrs that
his messerigei‘ to Coruirrra had been stopped ;
states that it was well known that he would
not recognize the Regency which was estab-
lished at Seville. He had been determined
to nrake every sacrifice to defenji the political
constitution of the monarcliy, but he could
not recognize the acts at Seville, wlrerein it
was attacked to its foundation. He had still
however determined to resist the irrvasioii,uii-
less the French consented to a proposition
which he had tirade to Gen. Boirrck, to sus-
pend hostilities and agree. to an armistice,
"during which Gallacia and the other provin-
ces Sll0tll(I be left free until the King airil the

nation could adopt the most suitable form of

government. “ But how,” he asks, “ canl
resist invasion, if you are forw.ird to sepa-
rate public opinion froin the force I have to
employ-” . . .

'.i"ne object oftlris letter, was to invite Qui-
roga to unite in his plans ; but it seems did
not produce that efi'i:ct.

On the lstofJtrly, Morillo iiddressed apro-
clamation to the inhabitants and troops of the
4th corps, assigiring at length the reasons why
he could not recognize the acts ofthe tumul-
tiroiis Regency at Seville, the principal of
which is ihat the Cortes hail no right by the
Coirstitiitioir to declare the King in ii state of
moral incapacity, in the mzrnrier they did.-
He complains of the excesses .wl_iiCl_i have
since occurred, speaks of the sirtislactroii the
people had rnairifesteil at his propositions for
se'c‘;ur-ing peace to the province—_“ Brit Qui-
roga,whir agreed with me respcctiirg that Re-
gency ; who promised to take no part in the
lllll1ll‘S, asked permission to embark qriretly
for another coiirrtry, pl't’.lf-Blltllllg that he could
not support sncli acts———Doii Antonio Qurroga
iiitercepts iriy orders, assiimes the command
from which he hail becir (llSllllSSt'.(l by the gov-
ernrneiit, eiiilearors to sciliice thetroops, and,
at lengtli, recogiiizirrg the illegrilllegerrcy at
Seville, endeavors to thwart my plans. I
wrote a frierrdly letter to him, in wlricliI
sought to bring him back to reason, but my
counsels have been fruitless. The autliuritics
have answered no better to my expectatioirs.
“ Proprietors of all classes, inltabitants of
these provinces, what giiaranti=.es can men of-
fer you, with wlrorir the little interest of the
people is nothing. and who, by autliorising
disorder and itrsiiboi'diuatiori, threaten you
with pillage and exterrrrinatioii? And you,
soldiers! yoir, who have always entertziitietl
sentiments of lroiror, what colors do you fol-
low ? For wlioiir do you pretend to fight ?—
VVill you be the vile iirstrirrnerrts ofa few_des-
perate men, will yuii contribute to the disso-
lutioir of the very provinces which saw you
begin to exist? Will you rend your iinlrappy
country to sirpport the caprice oftlre enemies
of virtue, ofa few cowards who have already
prepared the vessels upon which they will do-
part to hide their iguominy, and who will
leave you exposed to the fury oftlre conque-
ror, and the resentment ofthat infinite num-
ber ofpersons whom they have ill treated?"

The next accounts we have ofMorillo, state
that he has joined the Freiicli.

PARIS, July l1.—The Duke of San Carlos,
in delivering his letters, as Ainbassador from
the Regency at Madrid, made an address, to
which the King replied as follows: “ Hitherto
God has too visibly protected the most just of
causes, for us not to hope that he will coritiniie
his support. For rriyself, convinced of the
purity ofmy intentions and those of the Sove-
reigns, my Allies, I am frilly resolved not to
lay down arms until I have restored prosperi-
ty to Spain, liberty to the King, and that re-
pose to Europe, of which the troribles ofyour
country have threatened to deprive her.”

PARIS, July 14.-—Accordirig to letters from
Marseilles, the Sardirriaii Navy has orders to
capture all the Spanish pirates in their pow-
er. Several vessels froiii the port ofGeiroa
have already made prizes.

MADRID, July 12.—We have just learned
officially, that Gen. Murillo, at the lread of
'3000 men, has joined the French division
coirrmanded byGeii.Bourck. Certainjour-
rials continue to tell us that no Spanish Con-
stitutional General has detached liimselffrom
the faction of the Cortes; and yet already A-
bisbal,Castanos, Palafox, at this very moment
probably Simrfield, and lastly, the most cele-
brated anion; them, Morillo, have made their
submission to the King.

MADRID, July l0.-——A letter from Bataurosr
(Gallicia) states, under (late of 218th Jiine,tlrat
Qiiiroga received from Gen. Morillo a pass-
port and 40,000 rcals to go to England ; brrt
that some revolutioiiists having restored his
courage, he has gone to Coriirina, where a
part of the garrison has declared for liiiri,
while the other part ranges itself irirder the
banners of Morillo. A letter from Astorga
announces that Generals Bourck and Motil-
Io having foriired a jiirrciioii,are nrarclring to-
gether to Coruuna, and that the Spaniards
form the van.

PAnrs,July I8.-—An express from Rome
brings irrformation that his Holiness the Pope
had broken his thigh liy a fall, on the 6th, and

 

that his life ,was-in great danger. ' '"

Lrsizoiri,‘ June l7.—A decree of the 14th
June orders that all the religious coiiiniiiiri-
ties oftlre monasteries, conveiits, colleges,&.c.
which were_ suppresseil by the law of the Qilrh
ol'October, 1829, shall be restor'ed, and reiri-
stated in the possession and errjoyrriciit ofthc
property and revenues which they enjoyed
before the execution of said law.

June 8.—Anotlrer decree revokes the lib-
erty oftlie press, and appoints a coriiiriittee
of five persons as censors to all journals, air-
irormccs proclamations 81.0. uirder three print-
(’.tl slrrcts. A committee oftliree members is

‘ in be appointed wlrerever there are printing

oflices ; and authors, editors, and printers,
who publish or print airy such papers without
a written permission oftwo nreiiibers at least,
iiicirr a penalty of 600 milreas and 8 nrontlis
iinprisonment. . ‘
Lisbon,Jim.c '21.-‘-—It is announced that all
the cities of the kingdom, have sent their ad-

hesion to the new order of things.

The Governor General and public authori-
ties ofYelves, Feriranilp Alfonzo,Governor of
the 8 northern provinccs,&. Gen. Borros,coin-
mander of the province of Oporto, have been
arrested for not acknowledging the authority
ofthe King. Gen. Aviles, riiarry officers, and
all the exaltados deputies have been banished.

London, July 8.—-—I’rivat‘e letters fromspain,
mention riiirrors lhat Gen. Mina was again
giving full employirren_t to Marshal Moncey,
and that the redoiibtable Doniiadieu had once
more been severely handled by this indefatig-
able Patriot. 

SlriteQfJlIadri'ii.—-All the French accounts
from Madrid, boast oftlie prrblic spirit which
prevails among the people. The Cadiz pa-
pers say that great discontent exists there.
The following is an extract ofa letter frorii a
Dutch gentleman, resident at Madrid, dated
June 18, published in the Brussels’ Oracle.

“The troops wliich compose oirr garrison
observe an admirable discipliire ; their service
is hard enough, as they have coirtinually to
prevent~re-actions between the parties which
divide the popiilatioir ofi\Iadrid. These par-
ties are three in number. The most iiuirier-
ous, and that which reekonsin its ranks the
most enliglitened men, wish to rave great
cliairgcs effected in the Consiiiiition‘ofCadiz,
and that the throne should be surrounded with
suitable splendor airil dignity. The second
party is that of the Ultra Coiistitiitioiialists,
wishing for air order of things which is incon-
sistent with a moriarch_v. The third, airil iveak-
est of these parties, is that which calls for an
absolute King. Iftlie ardent and implacable
cliaracter of the Castilians was not restrained
by a respectable force, throats would be cut
every day in the streets; as it is, the French
Geiierals, notwitlrstaudirig all their care, cair-
not prevent some private acts of vengeance,
wlricli from tirrre to time afilict the friends of
order.” ‘

BIL_'lj07l)‘le, June Q8.—It should seem that
reiiiforceiireiits are required for our army, as
they begin to arrive from the interior of the
kingdom to proceed to Spain. The (lay be-
fore yesterday about 1400 arrived belonging
to six different regiinents. They are very
young men. Numbers of Caissons ctrntinue
to be sent from this city. The three Biscay-
an provinces which desired to raise each a
corps of 1,000 men, have not lieen able to ob-
tairr the permission of the Regency, which
distriists, as it should appear, its own parti-
saris. The letters from Madrid bring very lit-
tle news. The sitiratiim oftlie French amidst
the various coirtendiiig parties is very delicate.
It is 2llllI'lllCtl that the Regency is on the point
of taking a Resolution, if it has not already
taken it, in coirseqiieirce of which the mem-
bers of the families of the Deputies to the
Cortes, and ofoilrcr persons forming a part of
ilie Constitutional Government, are to be ta-
ken as hostages to answer for the safety ofthe
King’s person. It is to be feared that this
measure will tend to irritate rather than to
coirciliate, airil may induce some persons who
are still wavering to become partisans of the
Coirstitutional system.

Extract of a letter from a British Naval of-
ficer, dated Corimna, June 9222, 1823 :—“ The
privateers here have taken foirr French ships,
richly laden, one of them with coffee. A
French line of battle ship and frigate were off
here two days before we arrived. They sent
in a flag oftriice to know what the Spaniards
were going to do with the vessels they had
captured. They replied, “ they meant to keep
them, and to catch as many nrore as they
could.” Last week about 400 prisoners were
brought in here, takeir by Gen. Morillo. The
Spaniards are getting on well.”

Portsmouth, (Eng.) July 6.—Tlie Glasgow
frigate, from India, has brought to England,
as presents from the Nabob of Onde to his
Majesty, several articles of coirsiilerable val-
ue, being estimated at upwards of £200,000.
Among them are a sword, set in (.llalll0l‘It;lS, a
belt, and sword knot ; the latter composed of
diainoirils, and other precious jewels of the
rirost costly description, and siispeiiileil to it
is an eirierald of great value, it being consid-
ered the largest extant, and nearly the size
of an egg.

Cotlon.——For sonre tinre there has been a
very increased demand for Cotton in Elig-
land, and the price has increased in propor-
tion. The sales for several weeks have a-
mounted to betiveeii 38 and 45,000 bags per
week in Liverpool.

Ber'li'1i, June 9.-On the 9.7tli May, in the
little town of Welliclrau on the Oder near
Frarikfort, the Church, the school, 281 dwel-
ling houses, 9.6 barns, and 9.30 stables were re-
duced to ashes. This is the fourth time that
this town has been destroyed within 40 years.

Blucher.—A letter from Berlin asserts posi-
tively, that the celebrated warrior Bliiclier
died ofa broken heart, produced by the King’s
withdrawing his confidence from him, and not
fulfilling the promises he made of giving free
institutions to Prussia.

Bell’s Weekly Messenger, ofJuly 7th. says
“It now appears to be settled in the Cabinet,
what course our rulers intend to pursue upon
the late proceedings oftlie Spanish Cortes at
Seville. Sir William A’Court is to go to Ca-
diz, and is there to understand personally
from Ferdinand, whether any actual restraint
is ptit upon him. If it shall appear that he
is actually in captivity, their Sir William is
to withdraw frorri the Spanish territory alto-
gether.

King of Spiiin.—Accounts from Madrid
state that an occular witness oftlre abduction
oftlie King, from Seville, relates that he was
dragged by force to his carriage, which was
already eircunibered by utensils of every kind,
even those oftlie kitchen.

One of our papers states that the King had
lodgings fitted up for him at the Custom
House, and amused himself daily by flying
kites in the air so thought those who iverc
ignorant oftlre nature ofhis employment, but
the knowing ones suppose that the old fool
was sending up written or printed prayers
for crowned heads.

PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 26.
Late from Gibralter.——Capt. Tear, of the
brig Ruth, 9.5 days from Gibraltar, reports
that a detachment oftlre French army was en-
cariiped within two miles of St. Roque on the

25th July, The commander, name not re-
iirenibered, sent a flag into Algesiras, demand-
ing the surrender ofthat place, but which was
refused by the Governor. The women and
children had fled from St. Roque, in order to
escape’ the dangers of the expected attack,
and had encaped on the beach oftlie neutral
ground. , The Congress frigate sailed on the
23d for Cadiz, with Mr. Nelson and family
Mr. Rodney was at Gibraltar with his family
all in good health. Capt. Tear brings des-
patches to government from Mr. Rodney.
A niirriber of French and Dutch men of war
were lying at Gibraltar when the Roth sailed.

To the above we are enabled to add the fol-
lowing extract ofa private letter dated “ Gib-
raltar, July 23. Cadiz still holds out, and
there is not iriuch probability ofits surreiider-
iiig. It is reported that a battle has been
gained bytlie constituliorialistsovertlrcFreni;b
in Catalonia. Gen. Lnllcmand is said to be
in the ireiglilrouiiliood of Valerrtia, with a good
force. In this iieiglrbourliooil Terriffa, Alge-
siias, and St. Roqiie are in possession of the
Coirstitiitionalists, so that the cause of the
Spaniards is irot ilcsperate.”-.durm'a.

Capt.Tcarstatcs that the worneii and cliilil-
ren from St. Roque were lying on the beach
at the neutral groiind. lraviirg left their lions-
es for fear of the French. The garrison
would not admit them. Capt. T. was witness
to two sliirmislres while at Cadiz. Flour $10.

\Ve lrave_liad oportnnity to read a letter
frorii a very respectable source in Gibraltar, to
a iiiercairtile gentleman in this city, dated
July 24th, 189.3. which states that Cadiz holds
out, and as the small boats evade the block-
ading sqiiadroris, provisions are plenty there
—that the Spanish governiiient ‘have no
thoughts at preesnt of giving up; though the
writer says it is not easy to say what may lrap-
pen some months herice—he believes, however
that provisions will be wanted, even if the
Freirclr should succeed in restoring the old
government, because it is not probable that
the civil war that now extends throughout
Spain will be qnelled for a long time to coiire.

[.N‘. Y. Daily ./Idv.

The following descriptive sketch of Cadiz,
which appears iritlre Riclimond Coiripiler,will
be read with interest at the present l1l0lllelll,2

Atieiition is now attracted to the panorama
of Cadiz from the top of the hill, half way
between Xeres and Porte St.Mary. The cir-
cumference oftlre bay is here perceived; the
two points which form the eirtrairce. Fort St.
Sebastian on the one side, and the town of
Rota on the other. In the front is Cadiz,
distinguislred from the low narrow neck of
land which separates the city from the island
ofLeoii;tlren the irregiilar contour oftlic bay
to La Caracca, Puerlo Real, and Port St
Mary. From Xeres there are two approach-
es to Cadiz, the one leading round the buy
by land, airil the other crossing it; by the for-
mer, after passing the Cartlrusian convent,
and the woods of pines, the handsome towns
of Port St. Mary and Puerto Real appear.-
Tlrese are left to the right, as well as the Gira-
delete, which soon after divides itselfinto two
branches, one of them disclrargirig itselfirito
the bar of Port St. Mary ;the other proceed-
ing towards Puerto Real distirigriislied by the
name of river San Petro. This little river is
then crossed by the bridge of Suazo to enter
the island of Leon, which derives its insula-
tion from an ancient navigable canal. Port
St. Mary is situated near the mouth of the
Guadalete,wlrii.-li has formed a dangerous bar
ofthe sand carried down with it into the bay.

In the Bay of Cadiz places are necessarily
assigned for the different vessels according to
their destination. At a proper distance, in
front of the city, are those from European
ports; eastward, in the channel ofthe Troca-
dero, where is a dock for ship-biiildiiig, the
Indiaineir are laid tip. At the extremity of
this channel, on the banks of the liaiiilsonre
village ofPiiertoReal, are magazines, arsenals
and dock-yards for the inerchzirrt service.

The entrance ofthe Trocaderos guarded by
two forts, Mirtagordo, on the continent, and
Fort Louis on an inlet left dry at low water.
The line of fire of these two forts is crossed
by that of one oftlie puntales on the opposite
shore; all vessels are tlrerefore obliged to sail
witliiir reach of those batteries to pass from
the great bayirrto that of the puiitales(poiiits)
at the bottom of iilriclr the uuriggcd ships of
the royal navy are nroored, near the maga-
ziires. Tire space on which these are erect-
ed (La Caracca) is laved on the west by the
Santi Petri ; and much threatened by the
Sea; to it access is strictly precluded on this
side. There are three docks, two of them for
building 64 gun ships.

The island of Leon is separated from La
Caracca by a basin, 900 feet long and 600
broad, from which are out two canals, the
one riinning to La Caracca, the other to the
sea. From this town it is a short quarter of
a league to the channel which is crossed to
La Caracca.

Faoiu Lisiiozv.-—Lisbon papers to July 9,
have been received by the Hercules. Nothing
is said of:-my counter revolution in that coun-
try, biit all appear to have quietly sirbiiiittted
to the new order of things. Aniaraiite had
been appointed Lieut. General of the Army ;
ariil among other appointments, is that of
Camilla Marlins Luge, now charge (le’afi'.rii'es
in the Netlierlands, to the same office in the
United States.—~Mci'c. flilv.

Patio.-—Tlii=. ship Pacific, at Eilgartown,
left Callao May 9d, and brings intelligence 3
or 4 days latest. A Colombian schooner of
war had just arrived, supposed to have on board
General Bolivar, from Girayaqiiil, who was to
act as gcneralissimo of the combined Colom-
bian and Peruvian troops, and a decisive blow
to theliopesoftlreRoyalists was soon expected.

A letter to the Editors of the New-York A-
merican, dated Lima, May 2d, 1828, encour-
ages the hope that the Spaniards will soon be
expelled from upper Peru. The writer
observes, .

“Tire former corrupt government is dis-
placed airil a new one formed, whose Presi-
dent is Don Jose de la Riva Aguero, a man
of zeal and activity. The head quarters of
the enemy’s force is at Hiiancayo, on the oth-
ei side oftlie Cordilleras: it ainonnts to about
4000 infantry and 1200 cavalry. The force
here consists of about 6000 men, exclusive of
the Colorrrbians ; 1500 iiieir are also soon ex-
pected, and a force from Chili ofnot less than
3000. Bolivar is soon expected daily. All
this is the effect oftlre activity of Riva Agne-
ro, who is deterniinet_l to fiirisli the war, which
there is no doubt he will do in a few montlis.”

_ _ _ _ S'r.Louis,Aug. Q.

_ . Indian Hoslzlilies.-—A succession of calam-
ities, involving the lives and property of the
Iirdiaii traders, follow each other in quick
s_iiccessioir. Scarcely had we penned air ac-
count of the disasters brought by the last ex-
press, before we are called upon to record
fresh instances of savage barbarity, commit-
ted in airotlrer quarter, upon our enterprising
citizens. : Mr. John McKnight, an old and re-
spectable citizen of St. Louis, trading on one
of the upper sources of the Arkansas, has
been murdered by the Iirdians, and robbed of
nearly all his irierclrandize. He had fixed
liimself near the Spanish boundary, where be
erected a fort,protected by :1 few men,with the
intention of rrrakiugan establishment in that
quarter, and opeiriirg a trade with the Iirdians
Brit, in (‘Ol‘lSf’ql.lBflC8 oftlie unfortunate fate of
Mr. McKnight, the post has been abaiidoned,
and the party has returned to the settlement.

The Indians, by whom this atrocity was
comiuiited, are called the Cainaiiclres, a nu-
rueroiis and warlike nation, bordering on the
heads oftlie Arkansas, and spreading through
a great. portion ofTcxas. It is supposed they
could bring into the field at least I5,000 war-
riors. The Spaniards have never been able
to do airy thing with them, and have almost
relinquished the country to their possession.
From St. Antonio, in Texas, to Santa Fe, iir
New Mexiizo, the Camanches roam at large,
the unilispiited masters of the soil. All the
early frontier estalrlislrments oftlre Spaniards
have long since been cut offby those Indians,
and the further ingress oftlre Europeans en-
tirely checked by the fears which they inspir-
ed. Birt the Americans they have heretofore
viewed in the most friendly manner, between
whom and therriselves there has always been
kept up a kind and iniitiral intercoiirse.—The
Camanches are said to be under the directioir
of the celebrated Cadilo Chief, the same, it
was iiieritioired a short time since, that Itiir-
bide wished to form an alliance with, for the
purpose of getting his Caiiranches into the
Imperial service, in return for which, the
Caddo was to have had an “empire on his
own footiirg”.——Enq.

From the Balliinore Federal Republican.

Ixrriiriv A.FFAlR5.——Tl]e late attack upon a
trading party under Gen. Ashley, whilst pro-
ceeding up the river Missouri, has attracted
the public attention, in a considerable degree,
to the concerns oftlre U. S. in ilrat quarter.

Prior to the purchase of Louisiana, the In-
dians along the wliole range ofoirr irortli wes-
tern frontier (says the Washington City Gaz.)
had been subdued by arms, or quieted by an-
nuities; brit it occasioned the loss of a good
deal of blood, and the expenditure of much
riroircy, to compel them to submission and re-
tain them in a state of friendship. The de-
feat of Gen. St. Clair, under PresidentWash-
ington’s adiirinistratioii, to say nothing oftlie
events ofmiiror conflicts with the savages and
massacres committed by them, is still fresh
upon the ineriiory. The victory ofGen.Wayue
and the treaty of Greenville, however, restor-
ed peace between the whites and the aborigi-
nes, so effectually, that, until about the com-
iiiencenrent of the late war with Great Bri-
tain, there was no extensive combination a-
rnong the tribes to interrupt the tranquility of
our frontier settlers.

Upon the acquisition of Louisiana, and the
advance ofcivilization beyond the Mississippi
—-we were brought in contact with more dis-
taut natioirs of Indians and more numerous
than those on the eastern side of that river.
And the probability is, that the like scenes
will be, at intervals, acted over again, before
the savages on this side the Rocky Mountains
will be bro’t to a due sense of their inferior-
ity of the United States in the means of iiiili-
tary annoyance.

In almost all our Indian wars, their origin
has been distinctly traced to the foul influence.
of foreign traders. The Canadian Fur Com-
pany has been, and, in all likelihood will coir-
tiiiue to be, the evil genius of the U. States;
and there is brrt little doubt that the Ricaras,
or Aricaras, as they are sonretimes called,
were instigated, either directly or indirectly,
to the recent outrage upon Gen. Ashley by
some ofilie Agents ofthat Coiripaiiy.

'I‘lieRicaras inhabit the south western bank‘
oftlre Missouri, above the Council Bluffs, (the
highest military station which we have on the
borders of that sti'eanr,) and about half way
between the Great Bend of the River and the
Maiidan villages. They were originally a
colony of the Parvirees, The men are tall
and well proportioned, and the women haird-
soine and lively. They are poor, but kind and
generous; and they drink no spirituous li-
quors. On being olfered some wlriskey by
the exploring party ofcaptairisLewis 81. Clark,
they refused it—saying they were ‘ surprised
that their fatlrer should present to them li-
quors that would make them fools.’ They
are considerably influenced by the Sioux In-
clians,wlio exchange British Goods with them
for corn, and sometirnes poison their minds a-
gainst the Americans.

It is propable that the increased activity of
the for traders oftlie United States has excit-
ed the jealous appreliensioii of the Cairadian
Company, and that its agents have stirred up
the Ricuras through the medium of the Sioux,
so as to intercept, if not arrest, the lucrative
adventures of our enterprising citizens. In
the first accounts of the discoirifiture of Gen.
Aslrley, however‘, there rvassome allusion to
previous injury or insult to "the Ricara tribe
by some ofour people; and it may be, that
the attack proccetled chiefly from the impulse
iif revenge. The general appears to have been
thrown off his guard, by the professions ofam-
ity niaile to him immediately before the corri-
riieiicenient. This is the more singular iii an
experienced trader, since it is a well known
traitofthe Iiidiati character, that they iilways
einploytliatartilice when tlieyirrediiatea blow.
They atterriptcd to play offthe ‘same trick up-
on Gen. Harrison, previously to the battle of
Tippecanoe; butlre knew iheni too well to
trust them -and ordered his troops to sleep on
their arms all night. Hail it not been for that
precaiitioir, he would, it is believed, sustained
a defeat.

The policy oftlie United States towards the
Inilians in general has been ofa mixed iiaiiire.
It has been made up of kindness and clratise-
iireirt; of military force and civil and social
benefits. The coirflicts with thein has been,
in a reality, a contest of the agricultural. a-
gainst the hunter mode of life. Whatever
have been the suffering on either side, they
have grown out oftlie principle of population.
as dependent on the differeirt methods of pro-
curing subsistence in the one state of society

and the other. In many treaties the United

States have. recognized the Indian claim to‘
theright of the soil onwhich they ha-vfe been
accustomed to rove; they have~acknowledg-
ed the claim. because gtlrey. have bought and
paid the aborigines for. large portions of it.
With the Ricaras, ifoiir recollection serves us,
we have no tre-aty.~ Their right to the use of
their lands, ‘therefore, is as perfect as it ever
was ; and, as was well observed by a writer in
the National Iiitelligencer the other day, when
our citizens combine with their trade the trap-
ing of animals for their furs,.the Indiairs may
well display a hostile disposition, since the

very means by which alone they are enabled -

to purchase goods from the whites are taken
from them, or at least diminished. ' Tlrismust
necessarily produce a disposition generally
unfavorableto the coirtinuaiice of friendly re-
lations with them, aird a temper liablerto bc
infliinied iirto hostility by the~a.rt_ful misrepre- '
seirtations of rival white traders. .:
The Ricaras are iir some measure, cultiva-
tors of the earth. They raise indian com,
beans, pumpkins, water-melons, sqiiashes, St.
a kiird of tobacco, peculiar to themselves.
They are well armed with fusils, are good
marltsiiien, and accustoiried to war, having
freqiierrt encounters with ueigliboring Indian

filth, or about 700 of whom.are warriors. 1 t'We
wait with considerable anxiety, for intelli-
gence of the result of, the expedition which
marched aginst them from the Council Bluffs
on the receipt of the news there ofGen.~Ash-
ley’s misadventure. '

The Indian Department, since the com-
mencement ofour present government in 1739
has been somewhat costly. Up to ll’l8,30lll
ofJune 1815, there had been expended out of
the national treasury on account of Iiiilian
treaties, 878,8l3 dollars and 68 cents, aiidpfor
Iirdian trading houses, 460,881 dollars and 98
cents, in all, l,339,I65r_lollars and and 66 cents.
The quantity of lands bought by government.
from the Iirilians, up to 1821, has been esti-
mated at about 191,997,776 acres. The;suni

rrations.—Tlriiir riiiiirber is about 3500; one‘ _

although large,is a mere trifle, in comparison » ._
with the equivalent secured for it: being less /

than that expended for the preservation of‘
peace with the Barbary powers, up to
the same date, which was 2,457,177 dollars
and 96 cents. '
The total amount of annuities now paidby
the U. States to different Indian tribes, is
$154,275, of which upwards of 880,000 are
permanent, and upwards of 74,000 limited,all’
of wliich will expire in the course of I 1 years.
That much time and money, and some
bloodshed will be required before the Iiidiiiris
within the boundaries of our territories beyond
the Mississippi can be reduced to an unresist-
irrg compliance with our system in relation to
them, may be conjectured frirrri their numbers
It has been estimated that there are 38,150’

Indians west of the Mississippi and north of t

Missouri, 101,070 between Missouri and Red
River, l7l,9..00 west oftlie Rocky Mouirtaiirs,
and 45,370 between Red River and Rio del
Norte—Total 350,790; which, counting one

fifth for warriors, will enable them to furnish ,’

70,158 figlrting men. Such a force, however
dispersed, is not to be despised ; and common»
seiise would seem to dictate a very skilful uri-
ion of pairific and military ineasur°es, in which ~
the latter should be as sparingly used as possi-
ble, for their pacification.

Taking an enlarged view of Indian alfairs~,.
we should say that the planting ofa colony at
the nroiith ofColumbia river is highly expe-
dient. Population. iiiight their. advance slin-
ultaneously, from the western bank oftlie Mis-

sissippi and the shore of the Pacific Ocean; \

and whatever militaty posts might be estab-
lished, from time to time, along the interven-
ing space would find a more ready and effec-
tual support in case of misfbrtune, on both
sides ofthe,Rocky Mountains; and the sava-
ges, iii that case, would be more deterred from
airy general coiribirration against our settle- I
ineiits or traders, than ifpopulation progress-
ed only from east to west. Many considera-
tions, corinected with external as well as iii-
ternal trade,unite to press this subject upon
the early attention of government; and we
trust another session of congress will not pass
away without some efficient legislative iiieas- "
ure in relation to it.

DETROIT, Aug. 8.-—For some days past
there has been an encampment of Sack In-
dians froin Rocky River, at Belle Foirntairie,
about 4 miles below this place. There are a-
bout 300 oftheiii, mostly mounted on horses
and mules, who have returned lately from Airi-
herstbrtrg with their presents from the British
government, and are now on their return tliro’
the interior of the Peninsula, to their homes.
on the Mississippi. They are a fine looking
muscular race of men and appear to be in a
ilegree free from the vice of intemperance,
which characterizes most .ofthe tribes who
visit us. Yesterday the war dance was per-/
formed by them, with the pecular costumes
and ceremonies of their iiatioir. The lan-
guage oftliis tribe is peculiar, and remarkably
difficult to be acquired. Among allour citi-
zens who lrave devoted a great portioir of
their lives to the Indian trade (some of whom
have resided with this very tribe) there are
but few who can converse with them.

St. flugiislinc, July ‘.76.-—The U. States’
schr. Porpoise, Capt. Ramage, arrived offour
harbor on Tlrirrsday evoning—-tlre U. S. sloop
Florida, arrived on Tuesday—~both vessels we
understand proceeded irniriediately to .tlie
south, in prosecrition of the survey of the
Coasts oftliis Territory. The information al- -
ready obtained relative to the harbors of East-
Florida has been very satisfactory, and when
the whole survey is completed according to
the trigonometrical principles on which it has
been hitherto conducted, we may look fog the
only correct delineation of oirr sea’coast and
harbors ever published. The present survey
is coirnected with objects oftlie highest inter-
est to the whole Territory of Florida.

From the Winchester Rqiublicaii.

Desperate Encou.v2tcr.——-On the 6th inst. a.
negro called at the house of a Mr. Lloyd
Ward, on the Allegany mountain, in Hamp- -
shire couirty, and asked for sonretlring to eat.
Upon being interrogated as to his name, Ste.
he produced a pass, which Mr. W. on exam-
ination told him he would do well to be can-.
tioiis about showing; for if the person who
gave it to liirri was discovered. he would cer-
tainly be hung. Upon this,tlie negro tore the
pass in pieces, saying he would never betray

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his friend, and coirfessedtlrat he belonged to-' .

a person on,Big Capoii. Mr. Ward then de-
termined to apprelrerid him,&'. upon the negro's. r"
asking if he would_li'tre or buy him, replied