‘it:---1inBL1snnn?BY. y ‘ b ~‘
"W." _ V‘
-ttt:‘.:>":><>-:.~.<>.<.,. <>-<>~f>;<.-~<‘»~.~‘<_*' ¢--.=><-‘-::=<>-<r-<,><,~.<><.,.
._ ‘ —3B?en_nett, _ '— ,_
§Hag_]us_t:replehishetl ‘his store A_ v'vith"aila‘rg"e as.
"H mV§_n:ti‘of seasfon'ab'le Goods, whqii,-h willbe sold ,
~~ 'o’nfa's‘;j.ijea’s9na[ile ’tet'it’ts‘” any body else can at‘.
- ford f}‘.l’lie «follotving-J at't'tc_les‘ are among his
-n‘ew*sitp'ply. * ‘, fl 5 - I
XTRA.stt'pe:{fine.blue’ and black’ Cloths
1: }:_C;orn‘t_non' itlltl stile .t-:»- , ‘ . ‘
1 ' tiofferhtie bltteaitd black Cassirneres ,
SattinetS,''Olitve‘cor(l,'~ , ‘
,Si_ll~:’, __F=_lorentin”e and Mersitilles Veslings
' ‘Calntofn Crepes ' ‘ t ‘p ' -
ii-i'_ifs,li';:.Ii.§inen‘.' ‘steain Sl’ll'l'_ling M’ tvallham (10.
f blue and critiison Bornbazetts
. A':l5iii‘hiitiIre"Cali'co, Sarcenet Cantbric
"~It‘it1e.-a"nd common‘ book» Muslin.-. India do.
I?lagg,__atid black silk ltlitlltfs. ’
Domestic sheeting .2: shirting
_ j8,‘cdt'icking.s, Galleon binding
» ,t,'t\/,l:e_n.’sr'ii_‘t'st quality, beaver gloves _ .
- ‘I_,'.:t(-i_l.£f.'[S_’ t._ia[.attj<t‘sttt. do F (ireen'Florence . .
’ ' ' D“9tnt:’stic.at_id i_mportetl~Gir.giiams-
fi;S’li,a;}vls_' l"igured Ratinet ~_
‘c_i‘i_ritsontubby, Velvet , ,
‘..V\_’~hii,e’:‘aI:1d_tJ,lack worsted Hose
_ _ __ ’ttnt‘tt"ess"t:d_Qalicocs Floss cotton
}?ir,st:‘an;tl;seéontl quality _-coat and vest buttons A
‘ : -:--‘Qt5ttbi)i'bzillsA Pins _ ,!
' ' " Large _u‘ _s'mall,_"cotton'_Sha\vls-
' _7.-.V (IROCERIE3.
Vl7illC.,::_Gin, Old VII-vson, Young
r o
fir - randy,
W?’ _ '.Hys'o'pf,- f7Iysoi:skin and ’Soucliong.’l‘cas Brown‘ ’
’ aD(lJClil:lp.$_t)gai',,1‘jriiOl£l5$CS,-PlLlg.i1ndtPal’e’-T TQ-
‘ ’ bacc‘o,i,7Copperas, Cotton: Wool, Codtish
Soaps Canidilesg .‘5pice_s_, _Ind_igo and Starch-
'- r‘tsw,1¢r~at‘ut shut, .Fitie'jSal.t;« Sac. Sac. I-_,
< ‘ 'KuE R Y--A ,;:{e'riet'al ,asso_r-tment.
d.,.;.,,. _
ry, _;F’mm5, _Crocice7~y,
t ;.:GZtjzss;l'/Vctre Store.
FOR C'.}iSH-—_ _ .
JAMgtt1cA;js:.'c.~otx, and Netv-England Bum,’
‘ V -by",_the' _l.)":1_l'l‘§:l,'.Vkut;‘g", or less qtiantity. Cogni-
al,‘-.." 3553,. Y:
barre'lior;‘s;rnallet' qllallllt)/___V ghod assortment
‘of’ egsancli-Cot-dials ‘ ll yson, Young Hy-
son,“‘H‘y'i1i_oti-sltiti atttl-»S,ottc'l'tong Teas Loaf, lump
aii’d_..,‘brb'wn St’t;;ars.,..C',o_tl'ee‘, ,;l’.ep,per, Pimento:
Gitt‘g‘e:t-,;Peat‘iaslt, l\'Iolas§es."l_\rlotinc'ey’s fine Ale, =
byt,tb’e'bart_'e_l_‘o_r less,,qti'atitity, "London '-an,d'.Phila-«
tlelp:l_1i_a;;Porter, Stun;;,h‘totifs:iiBi‘t’t_et's by the bottle;
saga.‘-3,-:=;'*tfabe;fg_¢o, ,Sttt.tfl',ofall kinds, Muscatel and
keg._Raisin_s,.ffitttgertandCheese." Pork, Beef and z
‘__.P~Qil'l{'_H§fll§,.i‘CtltlfiSli, _,Macke_fe1V and Shad, Soap
' i . ri'tl'»_t“.an<ll_e_'s;;'tv.itItar-8f,¢ain<;d —’.l-_an'r_tti‘.'0il..»..l 28.. .sutn -
~-. ""i""'.'*i:1ivei"‘i""(li~)‘_.'»6'.'?'.'i ' Snot ..No.3'4-, lb, 6,’tBLIB,_Bq‘."‘;l-fotvder,
_1?.ye,’_._('_)ats. and ‘com, Eloiit- of all.kintl‘s_, Lpgt\'_ood I
-Nicquai?agiiit’_j_tvootl_, Copper-as, Liquid 'Blav»king,;
Qrintlstones ofdi size§,A'_lb4atiy green Peas,
A - ‘Windo'_v’v;i§lass,,7 b'y_39'tand,,8 1.0, and ‘many other
'arlicles,v'ft<5f;mahe ouran éssort-ment. j,
iVA;'general_ assntjtrrietit Oi‘:_CROC1L'L‘.R I‘,‘7GL.4SS‘
1_tl’..’.-’/.13..5._3‘si",<"?"i 137*’ U1 71 V . , y .
". ,;.Bei.ng§detet*rrtinedto sell lo'tv,_ persons in want
of _a_n_y_9“of_sthe abt»vej,}‘nt;ticles, willnbe well psi for
calilinigfat the ahovieiist-ore. t E. .%"l'/f f.'I[*.‘7’., ,
Y-,1 ."l‘r*ll:'. sub.~.ct-ibcr-would tnlorni the public that
' .-’ —:-..-.,:;-;-he‘continues the business of makinglcime’
'a.t)t.l|!-iltilti lately occupietl by I.2arnum Clio];-
man,"an'él-vv_-ill furnish it- on,a'.a“low terms as can
bi: had at any kiln‘ irt this ])'¢,tl"_l,‘_,t‘)‘f',,1..ill8 country. A
supply of thefirst qtialit..v-~- “ 'aifl‘(l Hall‘ orders
thankfully received atidip, .u3.lly‘at,teticle<l tn.
T I ' ' i" it" Chhrtxnx.
i
I
\ ‘iettet's'_t'_:o__t‘t_t
’ post p'aitl._ "i
, '5-‘R*i_'dg-ie fi"el_d. " N o
t
V ".‘RS'£57‘M." just returned
‘ =, rfromNew¥oi'k5.tvii?t.h'-'a»fre‘§h supply (jf1\jj[-
iiitary “Goods-'—Legltorn, !_S,traw,‘Chip' and silk
1 Hats, of the latest fashicns,’stra-.it and silk"l‘t_-Vim-
mings, elegant Riblions. Btttitlboites, artificial p
.flowet's,8cc'. Stc. which she "off,-.‘l‘S' to lierifriends on‘ ‘
i the _most_ reasonable terms’ No pains will be spa-
red to give satisfaction to those'w.ho.' favor her
with their custom.” . ’ 1 L
-, -D Y‘:'97r<_l_er,;of th’¢"l-Ion’. 'Cou'l‘liiliPit'bbvtic iluliiltlief. .
A ,V"i'di§tri€t“bf‘Sttimfotjd, inoticieis hperebyhgiveni .
to"”ttiejcr_e'ditot's_”olf[ the estate of .B?7z‘jarrtz'_rz ‘ Wecd,:.
aitié‘"dfi?Si‘aii1foI‘i}‘,,ideceased,' "that seven rnoilths
_ frohi"tlti$'id‘alei-ire limited folf t|tei,e;xlii,bittu'l1 of
‘ . claitit§’iigiiitis_t saitl_‘eijsfate‘.¥{ ' i L
‘ .. A" V’, '\.l;lfi_»:z~t.i'ii1'»x'i'i§.'.\,t'l.VVEED, Exec’r.-
}‘)ei‘st)itts"“i_nAile,bte(l. to said e'stia'te are
stamtot-tl,*Apt~t1;2ott:. 1321?.‘ ' ' <'>‘ *2o
‘* .. JVm*waZlc"‘l*VVoolen, Factory.
l '1 i1l__E:‘;S,,’tl‘,l‘5.ii‘Ct‘;'l_,bel‘ ’,wott.ltl.infor.m‘ the public in
0 geti_era1:[it‘_iat he has 7're-cotninenct-d.,gthe
"_ M it‘;/izté_._t‘zzrz'?.i‘“i',§~.,19u.viness, in all its.various,hranch.-_
l. , i,'gl:f:,)l1.'li,.2,'.',llli,lt:!:i_ north of Not-walk Landing". on
,1 9 ’ th‘e''ms.m' ioadito ‘Da"hbury, where he is ready. for 1
16% OIT-:§lll1'l'eS or by the yaijd. . Also, the Cloth-
ing.,atid‘(_)at'din,g Business nillbe conducted as
usual glflalltl having a gdotland eitperienced work-
man e,r_nployed;l_to llatters liimselfhe will be able"
to give general satisfaction to al_l‘who' may see fit
to cm ploy him. _G.A‘nrt_1'rrr H. N nwiuiur.
, .N,;‘B‘if.i.p0lt0l]'all(l_'4Lln¢l1'Yarn colored indigo 1
blnc--Eittlari,-",Ladies’.and ’Gen_ilcmett’s Coats scour-'
ed-. in "tilt: best vtnannier from grease-slil-:et'vise
Silks and ._Crapes dyedany colour.
Wool left,at the store of Mr.r'E. B. Ben-
‘ _ ne'tt:o’t-’-Dauchy &.Jam'es, will be attetlded’ mim-
T‘ " . ‘tmediatelyg * ’_,'Norwalk,' July 2. ' «"18.
i
. .qHREE-;'l‘housandFeetlirst quality Cherry V
‘ . *‘ BO3Y,<_l5»»fit for-immediate use--Justreceiv-1
. cd:ang,;Lf¢‘r‘s'ale by ‘ CKAUNCEY Smrtrtt. ’
’ ~ ...=l‘tltii*CI“:"isll:‘,-July ill. 8 . 31
_ I
;,.:-.
- Joiiiv Q. Ai)i.=t?1v1s":itDDRESs....co.i;z}}ded, .
Htillatitl and-«;_conin't‘iiti Gin, by the ;
be obtained; and, when so suspended, he
terly neglected to attend to them.
re'q‘tiest’etl to‘ mftk'e'§p'a'ymeni imtrietliately’. ' In
by ‘refusing his assent to laws for establishing ju-
diciary powers. v ~ , -- '
mou_nt and payment of salaries.‘ .
V their acts ofprctcndcd le7gi_:ilatiort:-_-:é,". _
\ "-,- .t. ", ,,_~_.-~--..-'*
1 7-N'0RWJ1LK‘; r.0v*ittsi)ED:t.Esa-tr; “J1UGUST.;! ; ‘ - -
Yet, fellow t:itize'ns, these are not the causes of
the ,separation assigned in the ' paper which I am
,about»to read.‘ The connexion betweeii the difl‘er- , -ishfiicnts fol‘ %iny,mur,d€I' which th_Cy‘sh__(_);'ul(.i colit-
entportions olfthe same people, and between at:
people and their government, is a con;-exion of’
‘duties as well asof rights.
hi the long conflict ofj
12 years which had preceded and led to the Dec- .‘
araiion of‘1ndependence,our fathers had been not
less faithful to their duties than tenacious oftheir
rights. Their resistance had not been rebellion. .
It was not a restive and ungovernable spirit ofani'-
bition bursting from the bonds of colonial subjec-
tion; it was the deep and wounded senseof suc-
cessive wrongs, upon which complaint had been
only answered by aggravation, and petition repel-
led with contumely, which had driven them to
their laststantl upon the adamantine rock of hu-
-man rights.
blood of Lexington and Bunlter’s Hill, after Fal-
. mouth and Ch'arlestown, firedrhy Briiiish hands.
were but heaps of ashes, after the ear of the ad-
der had been turned to. two successive supplies-
It was then, fifteen month.» after the
tions to the throne ; after two successive appeals
to the people of Britain. as ft ietids, countrymen,
j-and brethren, to which no responsive voice-of
syritpathetic t’endernt=:ss had been returned—-
’ ‘./Vauglzt (mg the vzoise of drums and tz'mbret’.s~ .l_a,_z4_(;i,l,_..,_‘ V
T/zcir C/2i1dr£n’s cries an/zrard t./zat j:a.ss’¢_i I/[iii
To the grim idol’-— ,_ .
Then it was, that theThir_teen United Colon ,_
America, by their delegates in Congress.a's"sem-‘
bled, exercisiiig the first act ‘of sovereignty by
right everinlierent ‘inthe péfifilc, but never to
be resorted to. Save at the a'\vftt'l:,ft’;fifi‘_sis when civil
society _is solved into its first eleinents, tlt'Clt!l‘ti(l
themselves free and indepen'de"ntst:ttes", and two
days afterwards, injustification of that act, issued
t_hist_nin_anim_ous ‘ ‘ - '- .- ' -
DECLARATION or THE Tarrrriazit
I - S1'}t'rr.~:s. , V
‘ VVHEN, in the course of human events, it be-
comes necessary for one people to dissolve the po-
litical bands which have connected them tiith an-
other, and to’ assume, ‘among the powers_ ofthe
earth, the separate and equal statioii to which the
laws ofnatnre, and of nature's God entitle them. it
decentrespect for the opinion of mankind re-
UNITED
quires, that they sltould declare the éauses which
sliottldinipel them to the separation. « 1 . e ,
\Ve hold these truths to he self-evident, that all
men site created equal ; that they are endowed
by their Creator, withcertain unalienable rights ;
that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit‘;
ofltappirtess. 'l'h'at, to secure these rights, gov.
ernments are instituted among memderiving-‘their
_l“5t l’°“'el‘§ {tom the consent of the guvernecl ;
that whenever any form ,of. government ‘becomes
destructive ofthese ends, it. is the right of the
people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a
new got-ern_ment,.la)_itig llS:fU_(ll)(lal_l0llS on such
principles, and organizing "its. powers in such
form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect
tlieit-safety and ltappiness,‘ .p;,-gvdencég, indeed,
will dictate, that gorerrtrnents~f_.l.iin_gf_;§st,a_l;lislied,
should not be clianged for lig'ht'ztndg ratnrisient can
ses; and acco_r(ling'ly all |‘:}\p8_l‘i_(,‘_lliC‘ _ I _
that mankind al'c_l!lO2’C dispos‘etl_.i.to;_s-ttfietfifiivhiile
evils are sufl‘et:able,‘tlt-ant ta.-lgtat-tt,'g,,,‘,,§t,..;g:t,y -,3.
bolisltitig the forms to wltich=tltey",a_re1.‘act:osi_orn-
ed.' But when a long tt'ain}‘of_iabuses.’ ati'_tl"us_u:"p-.
auons, pursuing invariably the same oliject, evin-.5
cos a design to reduce themnnder ahsolttte‘ des-
potism ; it is their tight, it is their duty to throw
olf such g0VC_l‘l}lIlt:lll, and to provide new gttatidsr
for their future-. security. "Such has been the pa:
tient sttlfetings oftliese colonies ; and such is now
the necessity which constrains them to alter their
lot mer systems of government. .'l-‘he history ol
* the present _l:itt_{; of Great Britain is a history of
repeated injuries and ttsurpations, all having in
direct object the establishment of an absolute ty-
ranny over. these states. To provelthis, let facts.
be _submitted to a candid world: -
I” He has refused his assent to laws the most
wholesome and necessary for the public good.
He has fotfbjtldeti his governors to pass laws of
immediate aiiil"pt'essing‘itiiportance, unless sus-
pended intheir operation, till his assent should
has ut-
He has refused to pass other laws for the ac-
commodation oflarge districts ofprople, unless
those people would relinquish the right of repre-
yscntation in the leg;-islatut'c—i—a right inestimable
to them, and formidable to tyrants only.
He has called together: legislative bodies,at places‘
‘unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the de-
pository olythetr public records, for the purpose of
fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
He has diss_olved rept'es'-ptatives houses re-,
peatedly. for.oppos‘ing. with ‘manly firmness, his
invasions on the ‘rights of the people.
__,l_;l§-_ltas refused, for a long time after such disso-
' V q__..catise others .to be elected"; whereby
_f§»isla’tivc powers, incapable of annihilation,
.tiétu‘t'iierl'to the people at- large for their ex-
,..
,er,c e.;;.;tlte state remaining, in the mean time,
exposedgto allthe danger of invasion from 7with‘-,
~btlt.’3Ild convulsions within. . ‘
. tl .
He has ende_avored to prevent the population of
-these states‘; for that purpose obstructing. the
aws for"natut'a-lization offoreigners ; refusing to
tlt_'.~‘.iI‘ei:,t,3.’[1:lii0n of_all‘lginds of VVOOL ‘I0 ma"UfaC.‘- passotlters, to encourat;e' their'migration hither
‘ ii - . u ' .'. i ‘ ‘ ’
and raising the Contllt-l0’l1S.0_f. new appropriation
0f iandsnl ‘ 3
He has obstructed tlieladministration ofjustice,
He has made judges dependent on his willo-
one,.for the tenure of their oflices, and the a-‘
He has erected a» multitude of new offices, and
,se,pt hither swarms of officers to harass our peo-
ple and eat out their substance. I
_ He has kept ambng us, in times of peace,"‘s"tand-
ngA:farmtes,]witl1out our consent. « -“ ‘
Ag-Eeéleafinzflgqizgifito render ylie military ‘indie-pen-I
L N . fir to, tilifé civil power. , .
He has combine , with. others-,— to subject us to
‘:35 .
d.ll_! shown,.
,rio.r,I;,.;;.-ta.-i
For prote,c'ting.t'hem by a rhocktrial, frbm pun-
bodies itioops al-
init on,the"inh_abiian'ts ol'.tliesesiates' :__ I
For ¢_:ti_tting.ofi' our trade_ with all parts of the.
iworld: ‘ .1 I __.~'"._. _
. For imposing", taxes on us, without} our consent.
. For ,'deprivin'g us, in many cases, ol the benefits
ro_ftrial by jury; , .’ L . _‘ .
" For transporting us heyondseas, to be tried for
’pt‘e'tended offetices‘ : F ' A"
0
For abolishing the free system of English law
in a,ne‘ighbot-ing pro,vince, establishing therein an
arbiiraty government. and enlarging its bounda-
ries, sopas to render it at once an example and fit
ins-_t rnment for itttt-oducing the same absolute rule
I , »
into these colonies: _ _ ..
. For taking away, our charters, abolishing our
most [valuable laws, and altering fundamentally.
the forms of our governments :. .‘ y’ _
For suspending',”out- own legislatures, and de-
claring themselves invested with power to legis-
late for usin all cases whatsoever. , _ ' j
He has abdicated government here, by decla-
ring us out of his'pt-otectionfand waging war a-
gainst us. , ’ - ..
He has plundered our seats, ravaged our coasts,
the lives of our
a
"burnt our towns, and destroyed
people.‘ , _
H__' “is, at} this time, transporting large armies of
for "T" i‘t‘ccnaries, to complete .t_he works" of
de firlesolution and tyranny, already begun,with
circur_ns't-ances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely par-
alleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally un-
worthy the head ofa ci,viliz,ed nation.‘ '
He has constrained i¢iilt",fel,lo\v citiztt-ns,‘takeii
captive on the high se’ bear arms against
their cotintry,to become theiexecutioners of their
Sbretliren, or tolfztll themselves by their hands.
.He has excited domestic insurrections‘ among
us‘, and has entleavoretl to bring on the inhabit-
ants of our frontiers. the mercile.=:, lntliztn sava-
‘guished destruction of all sexes and ages.
In» every stage of these oppressions, we have
petitioned for ret‘tress in the most humble terms ;
ottr petitions havebecn ans\v'ered -only by repeat-
ed it'ijt_try. A prince, _w.ho_se character is- thus
marked by every act to define a tyrant, is~unfit
to be the ruler ofa free people.
Nor have we been wanting in attention to our
British brethren.‘ 'VVe have warned them, from
‘_time to time,ofatt_empts made by tlteirlegisiatttre
to extend an untvarrantztble. jurisdiction over us.
V‘Ve have reminded them of the circumstances of
our emigration and settlement here. \Ve have
appealed to their native justice and magnanimity,
and._v.'e have conjured. them by the ties of our
common kindt-ed, to disavow these usurpations,
tvhicltvtould inevitably interrupt our connections
and correspondence. - They, too. have been deaf
to the voice of justice and consanguinity. \Ve
must, therefore,"--acqu_i_esce in‘the necessity, which
denounces: our separation, and hold them, as we
hold the rest _;t‘,t_~l" ‘rn'at_t-ltind,. enemies in wet‘; in
peace,*frien:ls.f:'gCjf_- 7 __ =
r We, thcrc_'fo_re,.tlte_ e’p‘.t‘es“entatives of thy. Uni-
ted S_t_atfles:oif‘,AnterIica,.'<in _g.eneral » Congress as-
scntbl-e_d, ;t'ppealin_g"‘to the_.Suprcme Judge ofthe
‘tvor'ld,' for? the re'ct,ittiile ofotitjintentions, do, in the
t_i'ame_.'a:n_d‘by, the a‘utl‘tority oftiiegootl people of
these.‘colonics,'-'solt:ninly- publish and declare, that
_tttes¢~;‘,:’éot6r3ie‘s;_at¢,— and of right ought to be, free
atitl indepeticlentgstates;_ that they are absolved
ilitptri-' all alleg_ian‘c’e-‘to the British crown, and that
all 'poli_tical‘ connectvion between them and the
state of Great" Britain, is and ought to be .totally
dissolved ; and that as ft cc and independent states
they have full power to levy war, conclude peace,
contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do
all other acts and things which independent states-
may of ti;.,- ht do. And for the support of this dec-
laration, with a firm reliance on the protection 01
Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each
other our lives,our l'ortunes,antl our sacred honor.’
"Signed by order and in behalf of Congress,
JOHN IrlAN(‘-OCK, P.rcsz’dent.
Attested, CHARLES 'l‘uoMrsoN, St-:c’ry.
It is not,let me repeat, fellow citizens, it is not
the loiig/enunteratioti of intolerable wrongs con-
centrated in this declaration’; it ,is,not tlie_rtiel-
ianclmly 'catalogue.of:alternate oppression and en-
gtreaty,of reciprocated,indignity and remonstrance,
_upon which, in°the celebration of this anniversa-
try, your memory delights to dwellif Nor is it.«.y,.et
Ethal the justice ,of your cause was vindicated by
the God of battles, that in a conflict of seven years
the ltistot-yiuf the war- by wltichyou ntain_tained_
that Declaration became the history of the:civili-
zed world; that the unanimous v‘oice‘of enlight-
» ened-Europe, and the verdict of an after age, have
sanctioned your assumption of sovereign power ;
and that the name ofyour ‘Washington is enrolled
upon the records ofptime, first invthe gloriousline
of heroic \ll‘U.le. 1_t:iS_t,lft_)t.1hatll1e monarch him-
self, who had beeuyouripppressor. was cpmptzllerl
to recognize you as a sovereign and independent‘
T people, and that the nation, whose feelings of fra-
ternity ltir you had slumbered in the lap‘ of Pfidca
was awakened in the arnispf humilia_t_ioii_ to your
equal and no longer contested l'ights._ _'l‘he pri-
mary purpose of this.De_gl_ara:ion. the Pl‘0Cl3m.3'
tion. to the world of the causes of our revolution,
. is‘ with -the years beyond the. fl0O<l-’. It is 0f n0
more interest to us than the ‘chastity, of Lucretia, ’
the struggle for indepepdence was close_d_; anoth-j
er generation hasiariseu ‘; and. in the assembly of
nations, our rcptttilicjs‘; already a matron Of. mg-
ture age. Théfcattse of-‘your independence-is no
longeriupon tt'ia_l.7;” the final sentence uponit has
long been passed" on earth and-.ra_tified_ ‘in he3‘."~’-"-_ ',
"‘ The interest ,wltich-iii {this paper.—- has surt-,ive_d
the occasion‘ upon which it; ;was_issued.; ._‘the_ inter},
est which is of every age ,ati,tl €I,‘)','G.ll.m¢;5 171.3
interest which quickensfzlyévviylya lapse .of years,
an
spreadsias‘ it A grow’ til , “9.|}5;».a"->7 .i.t“..re-
l
a jurisdiction’, foreign to-‘our constitution,‘ and not ce’des,.i's iii the7p.r"_ ciplcs \vhiclii§§iDl‘9;9l§i'l“‘3 ‘<1? .il‘3‘3'3“‘i 'di.fi'¢.l,'°“C¢9e-7: 5
. acknowledged by our laws; giving_.‘liis agsgng. to, was the first sole '
non lithe
declaration by §Tn
-_:
only legitimatét
3. '. « .,- >~ . g
ges, whose known rule of warfare is an undistiI.1/
or the apple on the‘. lteadof the child of -’l‘ell.—- -
. Little less than forty years have revolved- since
it: damn: .6? «still out We “‘“‘“*?lt"?;‘f"'~"
Ia’
'5 V. 1 V [ .
'v.':.'.'
., ._..,‘ ,
1
it was the coiineiéi .;;.;‘.;,fT.,]"f.,=t+j~,,,,,
. . . «=1»-lrr:t.+§t,‘.;.~..-i=«£-Zt
to cover. the surface of the globe. ; ._1: dem,o]i3_h¢d.
fo’t_u_tded upon ;'ct5nqu.esjz. , .1: swept away éll:th‘g‘;' .
rubbish of acctitiiulaied centuries of servitude; ~ It ‘
announcedvin piactical.forr_n" to the whrld the tran-'
the penplfik , It proved that the social compact
was no figment of th_e imagination, burg _,-yea];
solid, and sacred bondof the social union. .1-‘r¢',m
the day of this Declaration the people -of North
Americawere no longer the fragment of a distant
empire, imploring justice and mercy fromah in-"
exorabletnaster in another he,t'n'ispheré.‘—"1‘hey«
wereno longer children appealing in vain’ ti‘). the
sympathies of a heartless mother; -no longer §il,l)5
jects leaning upon the shattered columns of itioyail ”
promises,:- and invoking the faith -of parchment to; ;
secure their rights. ‘They were a nation;-iissertihg A
as of right, and maintaining by war, its’.own' eitis-'
teiice. Anation was born’ in a»day:' . . .‘
‘ How many égee /zencé ' ~
‘ Shall t/2'z'tt_», t_/lair ltgfly scene, be acted o'er
I In states unborn, anal atccizzs yet z'zn/lriotlin?‘
It will be acted o’éi;,. fellow-citizens, buzi; gag, i
never be repe'a'ted.' It stands’, and must for ever-_.'
stand, alone,‘ _a beacon -._g'on the summit of
mountain, to‘ which all the inhabitants of . the '
earth may tilt‘-n their eycsifor a‘ genial and .sa‘t-.iii‘g
light, till timeshall be lost in eternity, andjlfis
globe itself dissolve, not leave ‘a wreck tbeliiiiicil-,-..,
It stands for ever, a light of ‘admonition to ‘the’
inhabited byhumain beings ; so long as man;sha1l_
be of social nature ; so‘ long as government-shall _
be necessary to the great moral purposes of mi.
ety ;‘- and so long as it shall be abused to theipuri
pose - of op'p'ression,pso long shall thi's'Declara'iion‘ i
hold; out to the sovereign and to thesubject the
ext tit and the. boundaries of their , respective’
ri ts and duties, founded on the laws of nature,
/a d of nature’s God‘. Five and forty years have"
passed away since this Declaration wasissued by
our fathers; and here are we, fellow-citizens,“
assembled in the full enjoyment of its fruits, to’
bless the Author of our Being for the bounties of
his providence in casting our lot irrthis favoured
land; to remember with eflfusions of gt-atitude,
the sageswhn put forth, and the heroes who bled
for the establishment of this Declarat'io‘n ;' and, by
the‘communion of soul in the re-perusaland hear.-i..
eternal truths, and to pledgepulfselves, and bind
our posterity, to a faithful andiiintleviating adhe‘.
rence to them; it“ _ " « t
Fellow-citizens,-. our fathers’.~li_a- 1:
to them before us. ‘When ttte;t_i;t;t,tej7t$and of tttetr’
Delegates; ‘ witha firm relian V‘
tion ol—Divine Providence, for the‘-support of this
declaration, mutually pledged to each other their
lives, tlieirforturies,'and their .racred.lzanorvr,{frotn ‘
’ever’y dwelling,‘ street and square, "of youifiiopua
Ions cities, it was re-echoed with shouts of joy
andgratulation I ‘And if the silent language of the
heart couldhave been heard, every hill upon the
surface of this continent which had been troclden
N
5.
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v-\.
(-0.
E
C
III
accordant voice’, louder than the thunders, sweet‘.
ertlian the harmonies of the\heavens, with the
solemn and responsive words, ‘ We a-wear ‘ r
The pledge has been redeemed. Through six
years of devastating, but heroic war; through”
forty years of more heroic peace; the principles
of this declaration .have been supported by the
toils, by the vigils, by the blood, of our fathers,
and of yourselves. The conflictof vg _r hadbegun
with fearful odds of ,apparent hum‘ n".povvet' on
the part of the oppressor. He wielded at will the
He with more than poetic truth, asserted the do‘-'
minion of the wav_es. . The power to,-:;hose unjust
usurpation your fathers hurled the gauntlet of
defiance, baflied and vanquished by them, has
ever sint;”e,‘stripped of all the energies of this con;
tinent, been found adequate to give the law to its
own quartet: of the globe, and tomould the des‘.-i:
tinies of the European world. It was with a slings
and astorle that your fathers went forth to err-if
counter_ the massive~vigqij,.m,of this Lsoliah. They
slung the-heavenzelit-ected ‘stone, and - .-
‘ if/zizlz fzcaviest sound, the gian;‘monater_/2'14-Z.
Amid the shoots of victory, your cattse sotm. -
found friends and allies in therivals of your ene-
mies. _France recognized your independence as
existing in “fact,-and made corntnon cause vt-itli.
you fotf__its support. _ Spainrand the Netherlands,-
without adopting your principles, sticcesstvcly
flung t'hei.r weight in "your scale. (The Samirarnis
of tlie_North, no conv_ert to your doctrines,_still ‘
conjuredall the niaritiiiie neutrality of E_ut~op¢:j_n
array against the usurpatiorrof your.atttagoiii;s:t,
upon the seas. _ \tVhil_e some ofthe fairest ol"y_ou'r
fields were ravaged; _whilc your l0\\’ris and v_l-la"-‘_
gee were consumed with fire; while tliephat-‘vests;
of your stimmer.were blasted; while the purity.
of virgin’, innocence, and the chastity of matt-op"ly_
virtue, were violated; while the living reintianis: .
by the fraternal sympatliies of Britons thrd__ugbotit_
yourland, the wateriof the Atlantic ocean, and
those that tvaslithe shores of either v India, were.
dyed with the mingled blood ..ol'.'combatahts,in the.
‘cause of North American Independence.
In_ the progress of time -that vial of wrath was".
exhausted. After seven_i.)’33.TS, of ,¢xpl0i.t9 and]
orders of the British king to use tlieglainguag'e.'o‘i'
eo_’t:_ge
the Grace ofGttCl"i‘1~Kil1g.P ‘
and -slreland, __¢
' ’ "uti_eburg
‘Brunswick. and‘: _
Prince Elector of~tb’e
so forth-‘-and olfit _
to.’--ivhat? ‘._To‘ fo '
..'
mated th.=..soo.d ¢°"§€ Zif
,.
on :—I=V:=é:N-0: 22:» _
. _ .- . — -t.’-sit, . T, _
at a stroke‘ the lawfulness_ of. ,all,governmei1.ig‘.;;r,§;.-_
Eicéndent truth of theunalienable_sdvereignty,_ol;' ,
rulers of men, a light of salvatibnand redemptibisui
to the oppressed. ‘So long as this planet3'_slia111§'g ‘
ing ofthis instrument, to renew the genuine Holy '
Alliance of its principles, to recognize themas I;
n the pt‘otec- I
collective force of the mightiest nation in Europe. .
of the 'fie1d.of t:'attle.tvere reserved for ..ifié gibbt.r,: ‘ - -
achievements like these, p_erforined untler-;.tlie,. ’
the treatyof peace, '- it having pleased the Divitief -
Providence to dispose l,h6— l‘3§"hl3.—.-Of We 130,53 55' -1 ‘
.. - *\il5'1i.i'i1'l':.i,l!'..é._‘.‘A-if-.‘..j. V
‘ - fttietssiahtn
fisieg@§ffg£1’§ 5 '
I
hy.the foot of civilized_man—-every valley "in,
-which the toil of-yourfathers had opened a para-‘ ’
dise upon the wild, would have rung, with one ‘
-4
S’
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Norwalk Chronicler