'VULCAN - tion to agents. +5.3ch 1' ’ f I"! ' a AZ E 1"1‘ E .‘ hopping... In New York , CAFor Children can In no other way EVERY be done so EaSIly, . ‘ . . THING Quickly, Satisfactorily 1.. and Economically, as for . by going directly to BOYS the one great store and where that is the ex- GIRLS clusivo business. OF ALL You are» always sure AGES of the latest styles, the largest assortment, the Widest range of prices. And in case any. thing does not prove UNDER satisfactory, the goods ONE will be exchanged, or ROOF. taken back and the money refunded. BEST& 00 _60 and 62 West Twenty-third St. New York. For Sale hr 6. A. Grerorv 86 Co.. Norwalk. n... New York Announcement. “Our American Homes and How to F1: finish Them" Can readily be ascertained by visiting HORNER’S dreai furniture Emporium where everything is of the best quality, artistic excellence, and moderate in price. No such assortment of reliable goods can be seen in America. Over two hundred and fifty distinctly different Bedroom Sets in all the vari- ous woods, Brass Bedsteads in over seventy patterns, as well as endless lines of Parlor, Drawing-Room, Library and Dining-Room Furniture. Hundreds of Imported Novelties particularly suita- ble for presents, or home use and decoration. All prices in plain figures. R. d. HGRNER & CO., Furniture Makers and Importers, 61-65 \V. 23d St.,NeW York, Adjoining Eden Musee. Homer 6; Co.'s establishment is one of the sights at New York.—.\'ewspaper Comment. MILLINERY 60093.1 FAWCEIT’S, 3 Water Street, iiorwaik. HATS and BONNETS OF THE LATE 8T STYLES. RIBBONS, FLOWERS AND LAGES. All Goods sold at Low Prices. DAILY FREIGHT LINE BETWEEN NEW YORK, NORWALK AND so NORWALK. I’ropellers wwfdrw ~ ; . ' -. . a}, my}: 7 camp:2;—’-:=§Z:-_‘V~E L..- crr r or NORWALK. EAGLE and ' Leaving Pier 23, East River. N. Y" 5 p. m. Norwaik b‘ p. m., South Norwalk 6 p. m. Steamers go after and deliver goods on where in New York or vicinity'upon applies. Y liliiiiiNllMlTlXTiLii Assistant Attorney General Whitney In the Supreme Court. HIS EXHAUSTIVE ARGUMENT Great Deal of Attention Devoted to Dis- tinctions Detween Duty and Taxes. Attorney General Olney Also \Vent Over the Ground. WASHINGTON, May S.—-The second day cf the rehearing in the income tax cases In "the supreme court of the United States today began with Assistant Attorney Gen- eral Whitney in the midst of his argument for a reversal of the former opinion of the court on the question of the validity of a federal tax on income derived from rents. All the seats. on the bench were again oc- cupied today. Mr. Whitney began by explaining that his historical brief which he had promised yesterday had not reached him from the printer and said that he had already gone almost as far into the question as he should in quoting English precedents oral- ly and in giving the facts as to the mean- ing of the various words and phrases used , :3 a '4}. ,a a _,l:/ EDWARD I}. WHITNEY. in taxation. He said his statement of facts would be his principal argument, and he believed that in a case of the character of this one the facts were the best argu- ment that could be made. He claimed that the weight of evidence was to the fol- lowing effect: First—Tho word “duty” had a legal definition. The phrase “direct tax” had none, but was borrowed from political economy. Second—A specific personal property tax. a specific real property tax and a spe- cific income tax were each a duty within the meaning of the constitution. A gener- al tax on all personal property at a valua- tion was not a duty, impost or excise at all, nor was it a direct tax in political economy. Third—A specific real property tax would probably have been considered to be an indirect tax. Fourth—A general income tax, prop- erly so called, was unknown at the time of the constitution, but was a duty with- in its meaning. Fifth. —A specific personal property or specific income tax was a duty and not a direct tax. Taxes and Duties. The division between taxes and duties. he said, is shown clearly in the analysis of English statutes set forth in the histor- ical argument. Taxes fell upon the whole land of the kingdom. or the whole person- al property of the kingdom, measured by a valuation, and for obvious reasons were apportioned. Duties wore uniform in their operation and included everything which was not to be taxed. The distinction be- tween tax and duty was invariably main- tained. The decision in the Ilylton case was, he said, directly in line with this argu- ment. Mr. Whitney, however, reverted to Eng- lish tax legislation sufficiently to examine briefly the stamp tax and the English in- come to: of 17.9.9. The stamp tax, levied in 1765, and which was so familiar to Americans of the Revolutionary period, was, he said, known at that time as a duty. and it provided among other things for duties on bonds, mortgages, lands. etc. He said that up to the time of the constitutional conven- tion there had boon one income tax in ex- istence in England, and that was the tax on oifices and pensions. The great progenitor of all the income taxes and the first general income tax over laid in any country was the English act of 1799. This act provided for the taxation of all incomes, whether from lands. tene- ments, hereditaments or personal proper- ty, trade or profession of whatever kind, and from England this system had spread to America and all over the world. It was the prototype of all the income tax laws. This tax was, he said, at the time it Was provided for designated as a duty. From this review of the English prac- tice Mr. Whit::~y announced his purpose to proceed to the consideration of the systems in vogue at the time of the invention in the various American states and colonies. but before be 31.1 begun this review Jus- tice Gray inter uptcd Mr. Whitney to ask him if it was :zot true that the more re- cent practice in the English courts had placed a different construction upon the meaning of the word duty. Mr. Whitney replied that he had not given as close at- tention to the modern practice as he had to that which was the rule when the con- stitution was adopted. The American System. Taking up the American system of tax- ation at the time of the Revolution, he said it was devoid of uniformity and very diffi- cult of classification. It could only be shown thoroughly by going through the statutes of the 13 states as he had gone through those of Great Britain. 'He quoted .frequently from the report of ‘ Secretary of the Treasury Wolcott, made in 1796, in which that official stated that the system was entirley’ different in the various states and some of the states were almost with- out any form whatever. In North Caro- line, for instance, lands were taxed uni- formly, in South Carolina by districts and in Virginia by a classification of counties. He directed especial attention to Mr. Wolcott’a report, saying that his explana- tion was clear, and, while he did not use the term direct taxes in its legal meaning, he gave it the meaning of the political economists, and it was therefore valuable. He said these had been no income'tax in any of the states prior to the convention unless it was in,Delaware, and concerning that state there was apparent doubt. The system in use in most of the states was. «5' WEEKLY-NOR WALK-o that rating and for tax purposes at an an- nual valuation. Summing it up. he said the main result of the examination of the system in the various states had been negative in char- acter and had shown, first, that the sys- tems were so different that it was hard to dctermine how they did lay their taxes, and, secondly, that there was no settled mean- ing to the word duty. The some tax was a duty at one 'place and an excise at an- other. Hence the only definition which the framers of the constitution could have obtained was that used in England. Mr. Whitney then proceeded to a discus- sion of the meaning of the phrase, ”direct taxes.” The first striking fact was, be said, that at the time the constitution was framed this phrase had no legal meaning. Until it was made to do duty in the Unit- ed States constitution it had never been used in a statute. It had, however, been used by the political economists and nota- bly so by Adam Smith. Yet Adam Smith had, he declared, never given an exact defl- ' nition of the phrase. Mr. Whitney was followed by Attorney General Olney, who began to speak on the income tax at 2:20 p. 111. He went over the ground thoroughly, only omitting to discuss those points of the contention with reference to municipal bonds which the government has decided to abandon. Mr. Olney’s remarks were pretty much in line with his speech at the original hearing, although some few new phases were dis- cussed. DEATH OF ROBERT S. GREEN. [Ex-Governor of New Jersey Carried 011' by a. Complication of Diseases. ELIZABETH, N. J., May 8,—Ex-Govern- or and Vice Chancellor Robert S. Green of New Jersey died at his home, West Jer- sey and Cherry streets, today. His death was caused by heart trouble and a compli- cation of other diseases. Ex-Governor Green jigs born in Prince- ton, this state, March :50, 1831. He was the son of James S. Green. a lawyer and sturdy Jerscy- ‘ man, whose fa~ ' \l; ther, Rev. Dr. “(A ‘ Ashbei Grecn,was W l p r e s i d c n t of Princeton college. ”_ The ex-governor’s great-grandfa—' 1 ther, Rev. Jacob . Green of Hanover, ’1' ' , M o r r i 5 county, was chairman of \ #er .19.- fi h e counnjttce lax-GOVERNOR GREEN. which prepared the first constitution of the state of New Jersey at the provincial congress hold in Burlington in 1776. Vice Chancellor Green was graduated from Nassau Hall in 1850, and since then it conferred on him an honorary degree of LL. D. In 1853 Green was admitted to the bar, and in 1856 removed to Elizabeth and at once:became interested in the move ment then on foot for the creation of Union county. He was largely instru- mental in the passage of the act of 1857, which designated Elizabeth as the county seat. During 1857 he was appointed prosecu— tor of the borough courts by Governor N swell, and in 1858 became the city attor- ney of this city. He was elected to the city council in 1868 from a strong Repub- lican war , and so great was his popular- ity that he continued to hold the office by successive rc-elections until he retired in 1878. In 186:3 ho was cicctod surrogate of Union county and was appointed presid- ing judge of the court of common pleas and county courts in 1868. During the succeeding year he was ap- pointed by Governor Randolph'to the com- mercial convention at Louisville as a rep- resentative from New Jersey. He was ap- pointed by Governor Parker in 1873 and confirmed by the senate as one of the com- missioners to suggest amendments to the constitution of the state. He was elected to congress in 1884 from the Third district of New Jersey over John Kean, Jr., by a majority of 1,848. In 1860 the vice chancellor was one of the delegates to the Baltimore convention which nominated Stephen A. Douglas for the presidency. He was a delegate to the national convention of 1:80. which nomi- nated General Hancock, and was also a delegate to the St. Louis convention in 1888, which nominated Grover Cleveland. In 1874 he became a member of the New York bar, as a partner of the firm of Brown, Hall & Vanderpool, which was' afterward changed to Vanderpoel, Green d: Cumming. He was very successful as a lawyer. , He was elected governor of the state aft— er avery exciting canvass in 1886 bya plurality of 8.020 over the late ox-Con- gressman Benjamin F. Howey of Warren county. In 1890 ex—Govcrnor Green was appointed a vice chancellor for a term of seven years. He had still two years to serve. The arrangements for his funeral have not yet been completed. BOURKE GOOKRAN, M. P. Report That the Orator “'ill Leave Amer- ica. and Enter English Politics. NEW YORK, May 6.—The Advertiser de- clares that Congressman Bourke Cockran will remove to Ireland and endeavor to win a seat in the house of commons in 1896. When Cochran was a plodding pedagogne in Westchester county be aimed to. get into politics, and he succeeded. Once in poll— tics, he longed for greater honors. and when an opportunity presented itself be gaisped it. Then he aspired to sit with the na. tional lawmakers and to aid the helmsman of the ship of state. And again he suc- ceeded. Now in the fullnes of his mental powars. with American achieved fame and name, he is in the mother country—or, more properly speaking, his mother coun- try—prepared to stand not only for parlia- ment, but for McCarthyism and home rule. Recent advices indicate that his newest . hope is soon to be realized, that a twalve- month will see him campaigning through some borough district of the country of his birth, and shrewd guessers predict that the division of the voters will- be over. wheimingly in his favor. - Some of the big Tammany men were inclined to doubt Cockran’s ability towin a place in Irish politics. One man thought that Croker’s influence might be potent in a matter of the kind, and that he would seek to defeat Cockran if he ran for office. ”Crokor has many friends in Ireland," said an ex-saohem. “and if he wanted to turn Cockran down he would get the boys to, bunch the ballots or play the indigent voter game in enough districts to beat him. ” The friends of Mr. Cochran were confident that Croker would let bygones be bygcn'os and instead of interfering with the ex-congressman would take an active interest in his campaign. Ex—Speaker Reed has advised Cockran to enter politics on the other side of the Atlantic. Dynamite Makes Many Orphans. SAN CARLOS, Mexico, May 9.—By the explosion of 20 dynamite cartridges in a store three families are orphaned and sev- eral persons badly injured. The wounded will be taken to Monterey for treatment. ..._... .3- _. @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ - Poor Pie “V is responsible for many of man’s (and woman’s) physi- cal woes—but the pie needn’t be poor, and it may bring joy instead of woe. How ? Use nothing but COTTOLENE for shortening and the pie crust will be delicate, flaky, delicious, and so healthful that even a dyspeptic can eat freely of it and be , — - comfortable. COTTOLENE can’t be equalled asa shortening, and is abso- lutelyhealthful. Genuine has this trade 1,. mark on every pail. Take no other. i THE N. K. FAIRBANK COMPANY. CHICAGO, and /\ Produce Exchange, N. Y., 224 State St” Boston. @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@©©@@@@@@ @ car of the Stomach. MR. A. L. LEWIS, of Springfield Mass., says— ' A leadin physician told me that I had a cancer in the stomach. 1 suffered terribly, ,ould eat not ng but light broth which would stay on my stomach only a. short time; I was very bilious and nervous, and thought that I must die. One day when my_doctor sailed he told me that he could do no more for me; he said he had no confidence In pro- ;I:‘.':tary medicines, but that it would do no harm to try CLOVER BITTERS, that he had examined the formula, that it was purely vegetable and could be no better. I sent to my druggist for a bottle and used it. To m surprise, it gave me relief. Dur- ing the ast nine months I have used six bottles, an to-day I am a well man, and am ihankfufto say that CLOVER BITTERS has cured me; and I do highly recommend 5'. for any stomach trouble. Full Pint Bottle, 81.00; 6 bottles, QLOVER BITTERS $5.00. Sold by all dealers. GLOVER MEDICINE 60.. Sole Propr’s. Augusta. Me. he New an WBBkly Tribune THE WE EKL I” a .fIZE TTilil One Year, i Sevild ddflLLflR. Address all orders to the GAZETTE requires at cooking—~— assurcs the digestion of milk:— is all assimilablc and nourishing:— is not a mechanical mixture of cereals:— oration or change. hard curd, difficult to digest. ing to Infants and [ova/2dr. to any mother on request. Exposition. .‘ abuse , , , Superlatlve Flour. * p—a g . ‘=:: g :23. l I m 48% cu m 1"" m is: ,, "15 E U: :2 as... r-a . i-r . a 53, rating g g g sgggw : = 13' m 5? Wadi-3% :5: o a tallDO $323938 3 5E slit; ==~ pig ages?“ U 0" so can :1...ng it: w. .098." I-un ~ N 25.93:: as g.- E. 4' 9H 025:6. f g stag , . I11“: 5" . asst: a wad? A. II. HOYT 85 SON are showing some of the nicest La. dies Shoes for the Easter Trade, Styles to date. prices are right. , You never saw a nicer $2.00 Shoe than this. More than that Lace and Button. We Take Periodical Tickets A. H. HOYT & SON. - Horace E. Dann, EXCELSIOL Opposite Danbury and Norwalk Railroad depot Norwalk, Conn. Stylish Single or Double Teams with or without drivers. Safe ’horses for women and children. . . SADDLE HORSES A SPECIALTY Piano Lessons. RS. GEORGE W. BRADLEY, (daughter of the late Wm. R._Nash.) gives edicren and satisfactory instructmns on the Piano, at her home, No. 193 Main street: .5: is entirely free from husks and indigestible matter and keeps for any length of time in all climates Without deteri- Mixed with f esh milk it shows the closest approximation chemically and physiologically to mothers’ milk. Causes the albuminates of the c0w’s milk to become light and flocculent in the stomach as in mollzers’ milk, other- wise they would be coagulated in the stomach into a tough, Is the only artificial food that answers all the requirements of the laws of chemical physiology and pathology pertain- Our book for the INSTRUCTION of mothers, “THE CARE AND FEEDING 0F INFANTS,” 72 pages, bound in cloth, will be mailed free If you will send us your name and address, mentioning 1122': paper, and slate whet/tar you lzazle used Mellz'n’s Food or not, we will send you a beautiful lit/zogmplzecl repro- duction of tlze Marble Statue, “Sweet Slumber,” wink/.2 was so .muc/z admired at Wbrla”: Fair and California Midwinter THE DOLIBER-GOODALE CO., 29: ATLANTIC AVENUE, BOSTON, MASS. For Sale Everywhere. -.
Norwalk Chronicler