NORWAL
ESTABLISHED 1800.
An
Enterprising Republican Journal, espe
cially devoted to Local News and Interests.
Two DOLLARS A YEAR.
Volume LXXXVII:
NORWALK, CONN, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14., {887.
Number 37.
.__._.._.-_.L _
II. II. CRACFURD,
INVMiTMEN'l‘ SECURITIES, REAL
EVI‘A’I‘E _.\ND INSURANCE,
III MAIN STREET. - - NOICLVALK.
O
(#13 O . WARD SELLECK,
HARDENBROOK'S BLOCK. WALL STREET,
FAMILY GROCERIES.
”armor-rs i
G. B. BYIN‘G'I'ON,'
Washington, D. C
w "m m U- 8- tulle to Ionutori Mailed free.
PATENT OFFICE.
o. nonunion iiUitLBU’l‘T.
Attorney and Counselor at Low,
Room No. 4, Up Stairs.
unzu'r'ru BUILDING, NORWALK, CONN.
”NAMES T. HUBBELL.
Attorney out Counselor at Lou
2: Gazette Building,
NORWALK, . CONN.
ALEX. s. GIBSON,
I organist. of 1st Congregational Church. Waterbury,
. Teacher of
Piziiioforte, Organ and Musical
Composition,
Lock liox 39 i’ 0.,N0ltWAi.K,CONN.
l“. L. Iiyiiigton,
Pension out Potent Attorney,
No. 042 TENTII STREET, N. E.,
WASHINGTON, ii. c. one
‘TNA INSURANCE Co., of HARTFORD.
A11 incorporated 1812. Charter Perpetual.
CAPITAL AND ASSETS, 38,9023 2.0-1.
insures against loss and damage by Fire. on
erms adopted to the hazard and consistent with
he laws of compensation. COWLES & MERRILL,
Sole Agents for N orwalk and vicinity.
THE
Norwa-Ik Fire Insurance Co.
[his now completed its
18th SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS YEAR
A lid has not outstanding a dollar of unpaid losses
or claims for losses. A‘o sound corruption] toixures
I'm' [258.
\V. C. STREET, Pres. S. E. OLMSTEAD, 'i‘reas.,
GEO. it. ()ownas, Secretary.
L. E. QUINTARD,
Successor to W. E. Qumran),
UNDERTAKER 8r EMBALIIIER.
OPPOSITE HORSE RAILROAD DEPOT.
Residence 143 Main Street. Telephone communi-
cation with office and residence
._..__ 4—,..-“ _.__,.,.. _.____
li'. J.t Sturgcs,
Notary Public, Coiiiinlsslonei' for the States of
New York and Massachusetts, and
GENERAL LOAN, INSURANCE AND
REAL ESTATE AGENT,
GAZETTE BUILDING NORWALK. H16
C
Express.
Patronize the old reliable
ADAMS EXPRESS COMPANY.
Low RATES AND Pnoni-r DELIVERY.
ltrancli Ofiicc, Norwai’ "' ' K. Stanley’s;
Main Oliicc at Depot, So it. til‘)
Ere . our, Agent.
I’lymouth Rock Ice.
R. L- ELLSI
Orders left at J. B. ELLS’ FURNITURE
STORE. cor. Wall and Knight streets. tf21
c. A. FRANKE, _
THE HAIRGUTTEB,
No. l Gazette Building.
nor AND com BATl-Is.
PENSIONS
And GOVERNMENT CLAIMS my sole busi-
ness. Rejected and increase claimsa specialty.
on’t delay. Address or visit
GEN. WM. H. NOBLE.
No. 91 SrirATronD AVE, BRIDGEPORT, Cr.
Illl. LOCKWOOD’S OFFICE
._._]3__
23 WEST flVEJV UE,
Where he can be consulted daily until 9 o'clock
mornings. from is until 2 o’clock afternoons, and
ram 6 until '1 o'clock evenings. 6teow28
nrnau uuss,
Restaurant, Gate and SnottnoRoon,
Grand Central Station,
421) STREET AND 411! Austin, New Your:
Entrance from waiting room, New York. New
Haven and Hartford railroad. tf'aa
1F . KO'COUlt,
Merchant Tailor,
iias received a full line of Fall and Winter
imported Suitings and l’aiitaloonings.
Fall and Winter Overcoats.
A fine assortment of Fall and Winter Over-
contings at reasonable rates. use
All Work Done by First-Class Workmsnl
SATISFACTION 0 (IA RA NTEED!
3 and 15 Main Street. Norwallr. Donn.
W. 11. iliEEKEB,
Ptontoinu, Steam out Gan Fittinn,
SOUTH NORWALK. CONN.
Sanitary Plumbing, and Ventilation, and Low
Pressure Steam Healing, a Specialty.
PLUMBERS’ SUPPLIES.
Pipe and l-‘itting for Water, Steam and this.
Agent for the Florida Low Pressure Boiler.
Facilities fo Cutting and Threading all Sizes of
Pipe. out!
o. E. WILSON, ‘
General Insurance In Real Estate Agent.
Money 'to‘ Loan.
Stocks, Bonds, &c., Bought and Sold,
and Loans Negotiated at'Lchst
Rates of Interest.
noon NO. 3 GAZETTE BUILDING,
NORWALK, CONN.
for New or Old Houses.
BURGLAR—ALARMS—BURGLAR.
HOTEL OR HOUSE ANNUNCIATORS.
ELECTRIC DOOR BELLS.
ELECTRIC GAS ATTACHMENTS.
ELECTRIC CALL BELLS.
THERMOSTATIC HEAT INDICATORS.
Burglar Alarms and every description of Elec-
trical Attachments put in order. Also, for sale,
new or second-hand Telegraph Wire for Grape
Arbors or Fencing. and the best English inane
for Clothes Lines. For further particulars cation
or address 411116
J. H. HOYT,
Wutern Union Telegraph Office. Noruaik, Conn.
(ll'ri‘lleny'or [Le Nor-wall: flagella)
SOLDIER AND PRISON LIFE
01' Weston Ferris, of New Canaan, Troop
B, First Conn. Cavalry.
Cbntimwd,
In February they took out carpenters
and wood choppers. We afterwards
learned that they went to Aiidci'sonvillc
tobuild the prison for us there. We had
very cold weather with some snow. The
camp was enlarged as we had prisoners
coming in from other places. February
14 there was great cxcitcmc‘nt in our camp.
A squad of 600 men was taken out, some
thought for exchange. All were anxious
to go; there was a great rush for the
chance to be first off. But the first to
come were the first to be taken off. Feb-
ruary 10 another 600 were taken off. I
now began to feel anxmus as the next
squad would reach me. After another
long day order's came for 600 more to
march out. I had offers of gold rings,
watcher-i, or anything that the men had, to
count them in my hundred, so anxious
were they to get away from Belle Island.
Each sergeant had to stand at' the gate
and pass his men out. ‘As we had been
together so long we could biit feel like
one company of soldiers in a regiment,
and I did not wish to leave any of my
men behind. I must say that it was with
pleasure that I turned my back upon that
Island February 215i. It had bcchmy
home for 210 days. We were marched to
Richmond oven the same route we came,
and lodged in the second story of thc
Pcmbcrtou Building for the night.
On the 22d of February, 1864, we left
the Pcmbcrtou Building. As we marched
out it seemed a strange way to celebrate
Washington’s birthday. In passing Libby
PrisonIsaw Major Fariisworth looking
down upon us, and noticed that he looked
unusually sad. He afterwards told me
that we wore bound for another rebel
prison, and that he was bidding us good
bye forever. We were in fine spirits as a
great many of our men thought: we were
bound for City Point to be exchanged.
We were packed into box cars, well
guarded, and our long and weary ride bc-
gan. We passed Petersburg about noon.
All hope now died out, and we were sure
of a long stay in the confederncy. Most
of the men were very weak and looked
like skeletons. The cars were so full that
there was not room for all to lie down at
once, so we had to iest as best we' could.
After twentyJour hours ride we arrived at
Raleigh, N. C. The cars stopped a short
distance from the city and We had a rest.
We camped in the woods and our guard
was changed for North Carolina men.
We found the change a very agreeable
one. "They built fires for us, and were
anxious to trade. Over-coats were in great
demand. I had a very tempting offer to
trade, and as I was very hungry I could
not stand the pressure. I got a- very good
coat in exchange, and $20 in confederate
money. I paid $5 for a chicken and one
dozen biscuit. It was the first square
meal thatI enjoyed in the confederacy.
At Charlotte We made another stop of
twenty-four hours. sthu we left North
Carolina we were sorry to lose our guard,
they had treated us so kindly. The South
Curolinians were not so kind, but we did
not make any very long stop in that state.
We arrived in Augusta February 28th,
and the next morning at Macon. From
there we started for Andersonville, and
arrived at our destination about noon on
February 29th,.pfter eight days of weary
traveling. The rebels called the prison
Camp Sumter, but it is better known as
Andersonville, and it is that name that
sends a chill of horror through the hearts
of many as they think of the loved ones
that never returned. Here we found
the beginning of one of the most noted
prison pens the world has ever known.
No pen has ever overdrawn its horrors.
The first enclosure contained about fifteen
acres of ground. The prison was built in
a heavy timber Section. The stockado
was built of hewn timbers, cut about
twenty-four feet long. A trench was dug
about four feet deep. The timbers were
jonnted close together. When we arrived
the stockade was not all complete. The
entrance was by two gates, one on either
side ofasmall stream that ran through
the center of the prison. One gate was
called the north and the other the south
gate. The land on the north side Was
higher than that on the south. There
were some four or five acres of swampy,
miry ground each side of the stream.
This could not be used to camp upon, but
became the rcccptable of all the offal and
filth of the camp. The north side was
quite a steep ascent from the stream, ris-
ing from fifty to 'sixty feet back side of
the camp. The south side rose more
gradually; the land was not as high. . The
new prisoners came in at the north‘gate
and the sick and dead were carried out at
tlie.sontli.. The rations were also brought
in at the north gate. From thisgatc' was
quite a wide street, which enabled the
teams to drive in with the rations. At
first, the guards were on the inside, and
at night, they .built large fires, so that
they could see if the Yanks tried to es-
cape. On tlio inside, they drove ,down
stakes about twenty feet from the stock-
adc, and naileda strip on top of them.
That was the dead line, and it proved to
be the death line to many an unfortunate
Yank. To put your hand outside that
line was enough to have the guard shoot
you down. Where the line crossed the
stream, many a poor fellow- has lost his
life, reaching to dip up a cup of clear
water. . The men had to watch new
comers, to keep them from this place, and
many could not believe, that, for so slight
an offence, the guard would shoot them.
I-have often seen the guard stand with his
gun ready to shoot, the same as one would
hunt for rabbits in the bushes. When the
guards were outside, they sent in a patrol
to see that the Yanks did not cross the
dead line. But one night, the Yanks dug
down three of the timbers-intending to
make a rush for liberty. ' They were,
however, discovered by the guard. Then
the rebs had boxes built on the top of the
stockade, in order that the guard might
better see what the Yanks were up to.
thn'wc arrived, our squad made 1,800
prisoners. At first we found plenty of
wood, and laid: in Ii good supply for
future. We drew raw rations; corn,
meal, salt beef. rice or southern beans.
These we had to cook, as best we could,
all they gave us for the purpose being
Dutch ovens, four to every hundred men.
These were iron pans with covers, in
which to bake corn broad, but it took a
long time for all to have their turn at
baking. ' ' ‘,
As the Weather was milder in Georgia,
we felt much more comfortable than we
did on Belle Island. But we had no
shelter here, only such as we made for
ourselves. My chum and I took one
blanket to make a tent of. We cut some
small poles and stuck them in the ground
like a wagon cover, just high enough to
sit under, and with room sufficient for
two to be under; we split boards for the
sides, and one end. This made our shan-
ty, to protect us from the hot sun, and
from the storms of summer; our'coais'
were our covering. The prison was first
in command of Col. Pierson. He was a
very pleasant person, and talked quite
freely with the men. But we soon had a
change. About the 25th of March, the
noted Capt. W iriz crime to take command.
lie was ii. rather trill, slim, pale faced, a
Dutchy looking chap. not very prepos-
scssing in appearance. l-lc rode a white
horse. At first he came into camp every
day, and rode around. lle seemed bound
to do his duty for the Confederacy. ’l‘lic
rubs built a fort on each former of the
stockadc, so that the guns could sweep
the camp with a. cross fire. Capt. Wii'tz
informed us, that if We attempted to make
any break, he would open his guns with
grape and cannister. lie took great pains
to hunt for tunnels, after one had been dug
outside. The first tunnel was started from
the end of my iiinty camp. A blanket
tcut covered the entrance. They had to
dig about thirty feet before coming to the
stockade; then about the same distance
outside. But they were discovered and
did not succeed in making their escape.
They intended that night to make It start.
But chances after getting out were small.
The rebs kept a pack of iliirty blood
hounds; every morning, they made a cir-
cuit of the camp. If they struck a trail,
they soon hunted the poor fellow down.
They punished the men for attempting to
escape, very severely. They hada ball
and chain gang, of several men chained
to a large ball. All had to move together
and carry the bull. Others were fastened
with_tlicir feet in stocks, while others still
were tied up by their thumbs or Wrists;
some were bucked and gagged. ’lhcy'in-
fiictcd all sorts of torture they could invent.
Capt. Wirtz Soon made a change. At that
time, there were about 10,000 prisoners
there. He had the men squaddod over.
They were put into detachments of, 270
men, each detachment divided into three
companies of 90 then. ,The detachments
were assigned to the portion of ground on
which they were expected to make their
camp. Here, to cy had to fall in every
morning, hbout 7 o’clock, for roll call.
Each sergeant was expected to have all his
men in line, when the rebel sergeant came
in with the books. The Yankee sergeant
had to call the roll. while the rcb watched
to see if all answered to their names.
Then he recounted them, to see if the
right number was in line. All were
obliged to be present, except those in the
hospital. When one man died, a new man
was put in his place; so in that way we
knew when one of our number was dead.
It was often ii great deal of trouble to find
all the men, but after awhile, they learned
that it was best to be on hand, as the men
in line did not take it very kindly to be
made to wait. The delinquent, when
found, was greeted in no complimentary
language. Capt. Wirtz found great trell-
blc at first in getting the correct count of
the men in camp. The number of men
did not correspond with those at head-
quarters. Some of the men managed to
belong to two messes, and drew two
rations. So he ordered all the men to
stand in line, until his sergeant could
count them, but he was unable to keep
them in line. He would rush around, rc-
volver in hand, like a mad bull. The re-
sult was, we had to go without rations that
day; and such a growling you never heard.
The men threatened to kill “the flying
Dutchman” as they called him, and he
very wisely kept out of the stockadc, un-
less hc had other oflicers with him. The
next day rations came in early. One ser-
geant was to draw rations from the rebel
quartermaster; he to divide them into
parts to the sergeant of the 90, to be div
vidcd among the men. The rations were
brought into the camp in mule teamsteva
cry afternoon. ‘At first we drew all our;
rations raw, but after awhile to cookliousc
was built outside, where they baked our
corn-bread, and cooked our beans or rice.
The fresh beef was usually dealt out raw.
It was brought in, in quarters, and we had
to do the cutting up as best we could. It
would not have looked very tempting in
our city market, but there it did not mat-
ter, even if it was thrown down in the
dirt. Each man was anxious for his
share, and the. dividing was closely
watched. Woe to the man that did not
divide fairly ! We did not feel as well
satisfied with the rations cooked as when
we had wood to cook with ourselves.
But after about a month wood was very
scarce in camp. At first, a few men were
permitted to go out with a guard and bring
in all they could, and divide with the men.
Some of the Yanks managed to escape. It
also gave a good opportunity for trading
with the robs. The Johuiiies were very
anxious to get hold of finger rings, gold
pens and jack knives. The most import-
ant thing to get for our men was tobacco;
many would rather go- without eating
most of the time, if they could only get
the tobacco to smoke or chew. One day a
squad that went out to get wood captured
their guard and marched him off ; they did
not want to kill the fellow. He became
sick, and as it was hard work to get him
along fast enough, they finally left him.
But he was not so sick but he managed to
’ report soon afterward, and the men were
hunted down and returned. Soon after,
the rebs stopped sending out men for
wood and brought it in with mule teams.
Each man got a stick as large as a broom
handle. We dug all the stumps and roots
‘out of the swamp; wood that had been
buried for years was brought out and
dried. Some of the men carried on quite
a business in the wood trade. You would
see them on -. the street with their little
bundles of wood to sell to those who had
money ; or to trade for rations. At first
one tent was put up for the sick. One of
my regiment was the fourth man buried
in Andersonville. The journey from
Richmondwas too much for him in his
wc'ok state, and he died four days after
our arrival. The dead were buried in
long trenches, side by side. Each body
was marked, and a stake with each num-
ber, stuck at the head of the soldier.
From ‘March, 1864, to April, 1805, 12,612
Union soldiers died at Audersonvillc. The
largest number dying in one day was on
the 23d of August, 1864, when 127 men
died. It was heart rendering to see the
(load wagon piled full of bodies, the limbs ‘
often dangling over the sides, as they
jolted over the rough road. Darranec
Atwatcr was detailed to do writing at the
rebel headquarters. To him we are in-
debted for the private record, which he
kept to bring home with him. The rebel
record was lost ; had it not been for his
there would have been no way of know-
ing the names or numbers of the graves.
Now we have a correct list of those that
died, also their state and regiment. The
prisoners that. came from Belle Island,
died of! very fast at first. Some had
'fi'ozcn feet, or toes, and gangrene set in,
carrying them off ; others had chronic
diarrhoea and dysentery. The course
food and bad water hastened their death.
There were finally many sick in one cor-
nor of the camp, where they put up tents.
In J one all the hospital tents were moved
outside, and after that, all the sick had to
go to the south gate each day, to be ex-
' amined by the rebel surgeons. Those too
weak to walk had to be carried in blank-
ets. If, there was room at the hospital,
they were taken in; if not, they were
carried back into camp. Every morning
along row. of our comrades lay at the
south gate. They had died during the
night What a death i In the vast char-
nel house it almost seemed that we were
forsaken both by God and man. But we
prayed and hoped for deliverance. In
July they built a shed in one cornerpf the
stockadc for the sick in camp, but they
could not begin to accommodate the vast
crowd that was constantly on thcincrcase.
The prison became so crowded that the
rebels enlarged the stockade by adding
another ten acres. Each day added to
our l'tlnkS a fresh lot of unfortunate
Yanks. August 8, 1864. there were
33,114 Federal prisoners at Aiidcrsonville.
This was the largest number in prison at
one time. Alarge number of desperate
characters were in prison of this time ; it
began to be no unusual thing for the des-
pcradoes to murder one of our own men.
We finally were obliged to appeal to the
rebel authorities for protection. They
gave us permission to form a police squad
of our own men, which We did about the
first of July. The robbers had formeda
band of about 100 men for the purpose of
robbing their fellow prisoners. The po-
lice had a desperate fight with these fel-
lows, but they were finally arrested. We
then formed a court, and those charged
with murder were put on trial before a
chosen jury of twelve men. After a fair
trial, six of their number were convicted
of murder in the first degree and sentenc-
cd to be hung. The prisoners were kept
under a rebel guard outside the prison.
They did not believe they would be hung ;
but when, on July 11th, they were march-
ed.into prison and saw a gallows with six
ropes hanging therefrom, they began to
think it meant business The whole camp
was in a fever-heat of excitement. As
they marched to the place of execution
one of the number broke away from the
police and ran, hoping that his friends
would rescue him. Such a. yell as Went
up from that camp I never heard. It
frightened the rebs. Thcy manned their
guns in the forts, ready to open fire upon
the camp, as they feared we were about
to:makc a rush to escape. But the fellow
was soon returned, and the six men were
launched into eternity. It was a dreadful
sight. but it had the desired effect, for I
did not hear of any more murders in the
camp. There was petty stealing of cups
and clothing; the offenders were usually
given the cat-olfniue tails, a free ride about
the camp on a rail, had half of his hair
shaved off or received some other light
punishment. The rebs allowed a sutler in
camp; he put up a shanty of rough
boards and one of our men had charge of
it. It was said that he made a large
sum of money out of the trade of the
camp. The prisoners who were captured
at Plymouth brought ii. great deal of money
into camp. The rebel general was a Free
Mason, as was also the Federal general.
An agreement was made that nothing
should be taken from the prisoners except
their arms. It was a rare sight for us to
see prisoners come into Antiersouvillc
with their knapsacks all packed, blankets,
haversacks and canteens. The 16th C. V.
Was one of the regiments; they had just"
received their pay and also had their 1'06»?
enlistment bounties, so they were well'
prepared for the siege. Bur the new pits-
oncrs died off very rapidly, the coarse
food and bad water bringing on diarrhoea,
and the bad air of the camp poisoning the’
blood and causing various diseases. The
men dug Wells for water, some of them
twenty or thirty feet deep; for this pur-
pose the robe allowed the men a few,
shovels. But old Wirtz said that the
damnedYanks, instead of digging straight
down, would go off in a horizontal dime--
tiou, and the first thing he knew they
would have a hole outside the stockade.
The wells that were dug, were owned by
private parties ; in order to get the pure,
cold water, we were obliged to purchase
a share in one of the wells. As a rule, I
drank but littlewater, without making it
into coffee. For coffee, we sifted the
meal, burning the course. It was very
~ coarse, looking as- if they hind ground up
cabs and all, the same as farmers do for
feeding cattle. There was every kind of
trading among the prisoners. You would
see men with corn bread and beans to sell,
and when they could buy onions, beets, or
other vegetables, they paddled them on
the street. Some did hair cutting and
shaving, others washing. I did not see
any Chinese laundries in Andersonville.
Most of us were obliged to wash our
clothes and wait for them to dry, as we
had no chance. It would have been un-V
pleasant for us to have lost our garments,
poor though they were.' Through the men
captured from time to time, we kept well
posted with regard to what was going
on in our lines. There were frequent
rumors of exchange, but they proved
false. About the first of September, our
cavalry made a raid toward Macon. Sep-
tember 8th, there was a great commotion
at Camp Sumter. Long trains of cars
came, and the prisoners were loaded on
board; none but well men were allowed to
'go. After dark, on the 8th, my detach-
ment pas ordered out; we were packed
into box cars, and hurried away. The
weather was very hot, and crowded as we
were, it was verypuncomfortable. We
suffered much from want of watér. The
next morning, we found ourselves on the
road to Savannah, where we arrived about
8 o'clock. As the cars stopped in one of
the streets of the city, the men were call-
ing for water ; a lady came out from one
of the houses, and sent her servants with
buckets of water to give the prisoners, but
the officer in charge of the guard, ordered
them away. The lady was indignant, and
called the officer a miserable coward. We
were soon unloaded from the cars, and
marched to the outskirts of the city, where
we found another prison pen waiting for
us. It covered about two blocks of
ground, and was enclosed by a board
fence about twenty feet high. The sen-
tries were stationed in boxes on top of the
fence. The camp was supplied. with
Savannah River water. While we were
waiting to be squadded over, the citizens
came around, some offering clothing to
the men who were destitute; also bread
and biscuit. But the robe stopped their
giving us anything, and, to punish them,
put a guard around, and kept them from
going away for quite awhile. The rations
at Savannah were the best that we drew
in the Confederacy, but as we could not
cook them properly, they did us but little
good. The camp soon became very
filthy, and the Savannah; people made
complaint to the authorities. They Were
fearful that our camp would breed pesti-
lence in the city. The sick were removed
to the hospital. We could hear the can-
nonading down the river, and wished that
it might come nearer. But our stay in
Savannah was cut short, after 33 days in
the city; we were again marched out to
the cars. Some ofth men dug holes in
the ground, and were buried alive, but
were discovered by the rcbs. It wasjsuid
that they flooded the ground, in order to
make sure that they had not left any live
Yanks under the ground. Oct. 12th, after
dark, we arrived at another rebel prison;
Camp 'LaWton, Milieu, Ga. This was the
largest of any built by the Confederacy.'
The stockade was formed by logs, placed
close together. The situation was very
pleasant ; a fine stream of water was run-
ning through the camp, and there was no
swampy land. It was said to contain 40
acres. There was plenty of wood in the
camp. The men were put in detachments
of 1,000 men, 100 in each mess. My dc-
tatchment was the fourth. The thirteenth
drew rations for 1,000 men. The rations
were very good, and there was plenty of
wood to cook with. The first night, we
put up two blankets for a tent, seven of
us sleeping under it ; one of tlic men,who
owned one of the blankets went outside
to butcher for the camp. ’l‘hiit spoiled our
tent. I sat down to contrive some way of
providing quarters for the winter. It was,
I confess, a rather blue time for one. One
winter had been passed, a prisoner of war;
now, another stared me in the face. But
I looked up to the Father- above for
strength to help, in this, my filnc of
need. ' '
My plans were formed. Au uxe must
be had, and a shanty built, but before I
arose to execute mp plans, the rebel officer
came to me and said: “Sergeant, I want
you to go outside and take charge of a
squad of men tibury the dead." I was
not long in reporting at, the gate, where I
found ten men waiting to have me go with
them. It seemed to me n Godsend, for I
kueivllint there were ulcn in that camp,
ready to pay any price for such a chance
as I had. We built a log cabin and Were
supplied with camp k'ettlcs and Dutch
ovens. We received the same quality of
rations as they dealt- out to their own
men. I found one soldier buried when I
took charge of the burying: We dug a
long trench, Wide enough to place the
bodies side by side; We then split logs into
slabs and laid (”or them, before covering
them with earth. My‘vd‘iit‘y required m_c
to see that the number 0.32mi. grave cor- '
responded to the soldierlii‘nnm‘c', regiment
and company, and report at headquarters
daily. We had liberty: to go anywhere
within smile of our camp, and had no
guard to watch us. From Oct. 15th to
Nov. 20th, we buried 644 Union soldiers.
There was 7,000 or 8,000 prisoners at
Milieu. The most died from exposure to
the cold and stormy weather. The larg-
est number buried in one day was 37. I
was told by one of the. rebel sergeants,
that he found six dead inch in one place;
they had made a little fire to try and keep
warm, but the night waszwet and cold, and
the Angel of Death came to release them
from their sufferings. That was the morn-
ing that we buried 37 men. As the men
were poorly clad they suffered from the
cold terribly. . '
Nov. 14th, our camp «Was in a greatly
excited state, over iicwsiof exchange. On
the 18th the sick were {rcmovcik it was
said for exchange; But? I felt a little fear-
in] that it was to get us away from our
cavalry raiders. 0n the I9tli,I saw a train
come from Savannah Willi exchange rebel
prisoners. The train stdppcd at the depot
‘whenI talked with somd, and noticed that
they did not look qiiitceas ranged as we,
and were more lictllthf They had haver—
sacks full of hard tackfifi They apparently
felt very happy. I then- entertained a
stronger hope of excbaijge than ever be-
fore. if
The twentieth found "us on the road to
Savannah, and the ncx; day we entered
the city. And we felt“; better when we
were marched to the reliel steninboats, the
Swan and Beauregard," to go down'thc
river. Some of the men were fearful that
there was some catch about it yet. But
we passed the forts, and off in the dis-
tance, saw our gunboats, and two steam-
ers. There Were two rebel steamers with
prisoners for exchange. As we came in
sight of that dear old flag. how beautiful
it was! Those poor, starved men seemed
to be cndued with new life; such a cheer
as they sent up, fairly made those old
steamers shake. We went on board the
receiving ship, Star‘of the South. Fiom
this we were transferred to the steamer
General Sedgwick',’ 'and’ started on our
homeward trip Nov. 22d; I had“,been in
the rebel lines 16 months and 7 days. It
had been a long struggle for life, but God’s
hand had been over me; and now it seemed
almost like a new life, to be once more in
the land of the free. We arrived at An-
napolis Nov. 25th as ragged a set of sol-
diers as you ever saw. But we soon
changed our rags for the blue. My Bos-
ton two dollar bill came very handy to get
writing material in order to let my friends
know that I was still in the land of the
living; also to get something to eat. My
term of service expired Nov. 18th, but I
did not get my discharge papers until
Jan. 23, 1865. Iwas then too weak to
return to duty. This ended my soldier
life.
_..
Peculiar Actions of Drowning Percent
“I believe I can tell just by the clutch how
many times a. drowning person has been
down,” musingiy remarked Edward Horn, of
the ferry company. and the man who has
saved sixty-four lives “The first trip down
they go for you with a firm, decided clutch
that means they still know what they are
about. The second immersion causesa shaky,
uncertain grip, which can be easily broken if
you so choose. It is the last time down that
tho grasp becomes a. convulsive, bewildered
one, and but few swimmers can save a per-
son after the unfortunate man has descended
for the third time. Almost invariably tho
drowning man on his final journey below the
water will seize his preserver by the legs. It
seems to be a law of nature, and one I cannot
account for. It would be easier to save a
whole river full of men thauone drowning
woman. The odd feature of the latter’s
struggle in the water is that she will seize
your hands if she can get hold of one or both
of them. A woman will drown quicker than
a man. She opens her mouth from the time
she first strikes the water and never closes it,
andsoloses her senses more easily. Yes, I
saw one person die of strangulation while we
were under water together. His eyes were
wonderfully fascinating as be stored help-
lessly at me. You may not believe it, but
they shone like two balls of firo."-—Detroit
Tribune. ‘
A Liquor Made from Bananas.
1 The Indian Agriculturist calls attention to
the fact that India abounds in bananas or
plantains, and wonders that the fruit has
never been employed in the distillation of a
fermented liquor. The common prickly pear
has been utilized for this purpose in Malaga,
and with considerable advantage to the dis-
tillers; and it now appears that missionaries
in the Congo region have discovered that a
beverage made of bananas is a preventive of
malarial fevers. A banana liquor company
has recently been started in India for pro-
dueling banana liquor in either an alcoholic
or non-alcoholic form, and which can he used
with equal advantage as an ordinary liquor
or diluted with hot or cold olifi-fioda water.
For the temperatures of northern regions,
including England, it will probably be beat
esteemed in conjunction with brandy or other
spirits—Scientific American.
Golden trout are found in but one place in
the world—that is in the brooks of Mount
Whitney, up near the banks of everlasting
snow. They have a golden stripe down each
side and are the most beautiful fish that
swim.
If the mother is feeble, it is impossible
that her children should be strong. 'l‘ake
Lyia E. Pinkham’s Vegetab c Com-
pound.
Nevcr talk in your sleep unless you
know what you are goingto say.
Pimples, blotches, eruptions of the skin,
indicate that you need a few doses of
Fontninc’s Great DiscOver . For sale by
I. A. Meeker, 11 Main treet,Norwalk.
Cholera in Sicily has been overcome
even if Colorow of Colorado has not.
A cheaply made piano is dear at any
price. The Mathusbek is thoroughly first-
class and reliable. We know of none that
ivc as good satisfaction. At Loomis’
emple of Music.‘
A Dan biu County prohibitiouist is
named Sa low. Comment is unnecessary.
The microscope demonstrates that con-
sumption, asthma and bronchitis are pro-
(tuned by disease gems. Fontaine's Care
is the‘ on] remedy. For sale by I. A.
Meeker, 1 Main Street, Norwalk.
The man who works every day in the
week is. a leader of the Anti-Poverty So-
ciety.
Ask your marketman for Sperry &
Barnes’ celebrated Sausage. Their Spare-~
ribs are tender and juicy. Lookout for
their brand and takeno other. Their
Hams, Shoulderd, Breakfast Bacon,and
Lard are unrivaled.
The man who is always finding fault.
must be always hunting for it, and he
cannot be an agreeable companion. ,
. quin.
THE RED RIBBON.
A MIGHTY INCENTIVE TO FRENCH
BRAVERY lN BATTLE.
Order of the Legion of Honor—Its Insti-
tution by Napoleon Bonaparte—An Im-
pressive Scone—Story of the Old Guard.
The Communists.
I was down at Boulogno not long ago mid
strolled over the immense natural amphi-
theatre which spreads out on the right of the
fort facing the English channel, where, in
1804, the troops of France to the number of
over 100,000 were looking toward London.
Ono particular day in August Napoleon Bona-
parte drew up this army before the stones
that mark the tower that Caesar built. The
sky was a clondless blue, the air so dry and
pure that across the waters the outlines of a
foreign coast stood sharply defined against
the horizon, and tho frowning fortifications
of Dover, with the English ships of war riding
at anchor, could be seen easily. The Granule
Armee was there, victors of Arcole, of the
Pyramids, all of them, every mother’s son of
them; and vivandiers, too, burnt by the sun
of every clime, proud with glory conquered
on many soils, helmets, bayoncts, swords and
cuirasses flooded with the golden rays of a
summer's sun, and all waiting for their em-
poror.
In the center of this mighty plain stand-
.nrdsundfiags and eagles richly, gilded coy-
ored tbo‘greon that stretched out before the
throne where the Little Corporal was to take
his stand, and which was shaded by an ar-
rangement of the many flags that had been
captured from enemies. War horses noighed
and stamped their feet, arms sparkled, stand-
ards shone out brightly and the murmur of
soldiers rolled in waves to the foot of this im-
perial throne, like unto the mighty waves
that beat in foaming breakers against the
rocks where shore and sch are wedded. One
hundred thousand how were there to see
their general fasten with his own band to the
breast of comrades the red and burning
flower of battlefields; red, not like the rose
that dudes wear as boutonnieres, nor such a
red as women daub on their faces, but red
like the flame which is belched from the can-
uon’s mouth in the heat of combat, red like
the crimson blood that gushes from the open
wound of a saber’s stroke, red like the living
hearts of heroes. He made the ribbon red so
as to perpetuate on the breast of those to
whom he gave the cross the sublime wounds
received for their native land.
ma mourv' communism
Bugles sounded, the beat of 2,000 drums
was heard, and 500 cannon thundered also in
the solute thus given an emperor. The earth
shook as if with an earthquake, the smoke of
gunpowder clouded the sky, and across the
shimmering sea England, behind her wooden
ships, heard the army thus proclaim the pres-
ence of one who had already conquered near-
ly the whole of Europe. Accompanied by
his brother, bis marshals and many generals,
Napoleon mounted the steps of; his throne,
and the grand army gave forth a great cheer
that went over the waves and was echoed
back by the white clifl's of Albion. Then a
deep silence fell on all. The mighty com-
mander, as grave and solemn as any god that
ever graced Olympus, stood up and glanced
over his faithful soldiers. Two marshals came
to his side, one carrying the helmet of Bay-
ard, the other that of Dugueselin, and both
helmets were filled with crosses of the new
order. On an ancient shield two generals
supported more crosses, and private soldiers
carried golden eagles that had come from
Rome. The military virtues and glories of
all the past centuries of French history were
thus united to the glorious records of the
present that ho was writing on the face of the
Old World. ~ ~
The names of those who were to be mem-
bers of the new Legion of Honor were then
called out, and as they formed in line those
trembled now who had never trembled in the
midst of the fiercest carnage. All the legion-
arics repeated the vow after their emperor,
and as each glorioas name was called it was
acclaimed by enthusiastic shouts, the roll of
drums, and the cannons’ sound. Thus was
the order of the famous Legion d’Honneur
' instituted under the very eyes and'within
sound of its founder’s most implacable enemy.
run om cum. .
Some years .ago I saw at the Invalides
one armed man in uniform, who was that
same day a spectator of this morning scene.
He wore the cross on his breast, but it was
not given him until later on, and the story of
how he came to receive it is a‘ noble one.
When the emperor of Russia was visiting the
emperor of the French, Napoleon had pa.-
raded on the Champ deMurs several thousand
soldiers. The Old Guard were there and half
of them were bearers of terrific wounds,
The two emperors stopped their horses to
1001: at these heroic' men. It was after
Austorlitz.
“My brother, what do you think of soldiers
who will stay to take such wounds as those?”
asked Napoleon, proudly.
“And what do you think of soldiers who
could give them!” was the quick reply. - Then
from the ranks stepped out a private, who
lifted his left hand in salute, for the right
was gone, and said:
“Sire, they are all deadl" and he stepped
back to his place again.
From his own breast Napoleon took the
cross he wore, beckoned to the man, and then
and there pinned it over as bravo a heart as
ever were a uniform. The “Star of the
Bravo,” so Lord Byron lauded it, and it is
still the acme of martial ambition, as it is
also the dream of Frenchmen. “Why, were
you not afraid?” asked a good bourgeois of
his soldier nephew lately returned from Ton-
“Ma felt when I looked on this ship
of red ribbon at my breast I didn’t seem to
, care about a few drops of blood more or less,
and I ’remombered that it was President
Gravy himself who gave it to me.”
The only persons in this country who never
liked this decoration were the communists.—
Paris Cor. San Francisco Chronicle.
GERMAN UNIVERSITY DUELS.
time Efl'ort to Stop Thom Made by the
Authorities-The Schlaogor's Five Cuts.
The police authorities of the university
towns make no earnestefforts to stop the
duels if they are not brought under their
notice directly, and the fights sometimes take
place in beer halls in the towns even. Gen-
erally, however, the students go several miles .'
away from the university, and the citizens
discover that a mensur has been going on only
by seeing the next day a number of students
with gushed and bandaged faces walking the
streets. Serious injuries are very rare lit
duels with the schlaleger, and a student who
is really bloodthirsty when he thinks he has
been mortally offended resorts to the pistol
or curved sword, like a Turkish cimetar.
Only a few instances of fatal duels, even with
these, have occurred at the universities. The
schlaeger would be a weak weapon against a
broadsword, or even a cavalry saber or a navy
cutlass. Fighting with it, the duelists must
not move from their positions, and there is,
consequently, little display of activity of the
body. The blow with the schlaeger is not a
cut or a thrust. It is a. cut with only about
one foot of the end of the blade, which is all
of the sword that is sharpened, and then a
twist of the wrist. The wrist does all the
fighting.
There are only five cuts with these schiaeger
for the student to learn. All the others are
variations. The first cut is directly for the
top of the head. If it hits. a piece of the
flesh, and sometimes a part of the skull,
comes out. A cut for the forehead and nose
is another. If it reaches the flesh in serious
wound and permanent disfigurement may
follow. Duels have been known in which a.
a nose was sliced-OE completely, and had to
be sowed on again. Two more cuts are dis
rect’ed at the right and left sides of the face.
These blows may lay open the check, out out
the teeth, cut the lips 'off or touch the nose,
as the scblaeger is made of such thin steel
that it bonds around like a whip when a hit
is made. Another, and the most difficult hit
to make, is an under out, aimed at the chin
and mouth. It may do great mischief to all
the lower part of the face, but it cannot
touch the jugular vein, as that is protected.
Altogether the schlaeger is a mere brutal
weapon of offense, without any great power
to kill, and dueling with it will continue as
long asstudents at German universities rc-
gurd the possession of strength and endurance
as the only certificates of honor.——Globe-
Democrat. _
strange Control of Horses.
Since boyhood I have always had a strange
control of horses. I can no more explain it
than I could tell you why, my eyes are black;
but it is a Shot that before I have handled a
horse long he will follow me like a. dog and
answer my command. I once had the four
horses that pull the engine at Broadway and
Almoyi under such control that at the dis-
tance of a block they would answer my wills
tle and race like the wind to see which could
reach me first. An old fire horse was once
sold to an ashman. He was hitched to a post
a block. away, and I thought Irecognized‘
him, and l whistlod. I had not seen him for
two years, but he recognized my whistle, and,
breaking the hitching strap, he come tearing
to me, with the cart rattling behind him. A
few minutes later the excited owner came up
and thanked the warmly for catching his
runaway horse—Assistant Fire Chief in
GlobeDemoerat.
fiat-L 24.- ’ ,
soul. ram; /
.oo- l rifffinl/
In“
filo. :
Absolutely Pure.
This Powder never varies. A marvel of pure
strength and wholesomeness. More economic
than the ordinary kinds, and cannot be sold incom-
petition with the multitude of low test, short
weight. allum or phosphate powders.
Rout. BAKING Pownsn 00.,106 Wall St. , N‘JY'
"IN SEPTEMBER
Care and a careful diet
should be observed.
Foulu's Wheat Germ lioal
, for breakfast, prepares the
7. way for heartier foods
’ . later in the da . It’s ensi-
/ ly digested; t does not
heat the blood; it’s highly
nutritious and strengthen-
ing; can be cooked in less
than ten minutes and is
very different and superi-
or to oatmeal. 15 cents a
package. Sold by all gro-
cers.
___
Butler, Breed§ 00., Acts,
Bosros, Mass.
reuse. the World.
Hams,
Shoulders.
Breakfast
Bacon,
——ANl)——-
Sausage
ARE GUARANTEED
. THE torso
m ,
THE MARKET
Our KETTL‘E LARD is Strictly Pure
and Free from all Adulteration.
Look Carefully for the brand.
We manufacture all goods hearing our brand at.
our packing house in New Haven. this
Seem to Borneo, New Haven, Conn.
R e m. e m b e r f
The Best Meats in Norwalk
—ARE SOLD AT--—
WIXSON'S MARKET, ON THE BRIDGE,
-—-AND FOR rus—
Lowest Prices for Cash.
PLATES 0F BEEF, 5 cents per lb; CORNED
BEEF, from 5 to 16 cents per it. I will not be
undersold for the Best (annuities of Meat. Poultry
Drawn to Order. . , lyl
imees E. W‘imso-n
‘27 Wall Street.
Pent Moos Statute Bouillon.
FARM WAGON S,
Fertilizers,
Air Slacked Lime,
Land Plaster
-AND——‘-
Drain Pipe,
Br ’.
outdoth
MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN
LUMBER, TIMBER,
Shingles, Lat/r, ,
[Jam-s, Sash
Blinds, Moulding,
Window Frames,
Pickets, 5'0.
Venetian Hard Wood Work.
Hard Wood Ceilingrano flooring.
South Non-walk, Conn.
v
GENERAL MARKET.
Meat. Fish, Vegetables. arc.
LOCKWOOD to ANDREWS.
MAIN STREET.
All kinds of the best qualities of Meats, Fish,
Clams, Vegetables, etc., are kept constantly on
hand. and will be sold by us as low as can be pro-
cured at any market in Norwalk. We intend to
prove to our customers that we deserve their
patronage by fair and generous dealing.
iyte LOCKWOOD a ANDREWS.
i WANT rvrnvsonv
——'i‘o come in and look over my stock of—
Monum' "ants
—-AND—
H EADSTONES
Before they buy anything of the kind. A selection
can be made from them much better than from a
photograph or pencil sketch. Respectfully,
P. W. Bates.
115
J. G. Gregory 8: Go.
Desire to state that in addition .to a full line of
Drugs. Proprietary Medicines and Druggists’ .
Sundries they are prepared to receive
. orders for
Silk, Cotton 01‘ Linen
ELASTIC HOSE
For varicose or enlarged veins. Warrauted to
fit, and at reduced rates. ,
They also desire to state that they have accepted
the agency of the New York Vaccine 00., and will
keep a supply of '
noun Bonnie nloonou nouns
C(Instantly on hand.
They have in stock Electric Batteries, which
will be sold at close figures. Thelyca also a full
assortment of Keystone Writing ’aper ackets.
neurosurgeon nouns
6 OI 0 Guaranteed Morinooeo
0f the New England Loan and Trust Co.
This is one of the oldest. most conservative and
successful institutions dealing in such securities.
Eleven years' experience without a dollar of loss
to investors.
Each $100,000 of riebcntured is secured by $102 -
000 of mortga s, asst ned to and deposited with
the Fariners’ can an Trust 00., New York. trus-
gae.“ interest payable at Bank of New Nork,
. . A.
Mortgages from best Corn-Producing regions of
Iowa, hansas, Nebraska and Missouri,
For full information enquire of the
O. E. WILSON.
6' out 7 oer eent. Porno Mortgages
-—0P THE——
Equitable Roi-tango 60., Kansas City.
capital, $2,000,000. $1,000,090 paid up.
Principal and Interest Guaranteed.
Security from three to six times the amount of
loan. Coupon Bonds; Interest payable in New
York. Also, 1y34
Six per cent. Debentures Bonds of the
Mldillesex Banking Company, of
liflddlotown, Conn.
Organized under the banking laws of the State
of Connecticut. Coupons payable in New York.
R. B. CRAUFURD, .
Agent, 31 Main Street, Nor-walk.
RANGES.
THE DUCHESS, OUR OWN, UNCLE
' NICK. Those with the Celebrated
Duplex Grates.
EXTRA COOK, for Coal and Wood;
SAMPLE COOK; QUEEN ANNE;
EAST'LAKE; DENMARK; NEW
INDEX, Improved; GRAND
UNION, Improved.
HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS.
Agate, Tin out Woolen Ware,
Fine Tea and Dinner Sets,
TOILET SETS.
Mercer China,
a White Granite and O C Ware,
DECORATED GOODS.
in Great Variety.
MONITOR 01L STOVES,
Baldwin’s Dry Air Refrigerators,
The very best in the market.
unannounced,
‘23 MAIN STREET.
Glover to Olsen,
No.42Woll St.,Norunlk,
Leaders of the Shoe Trade
Wish to cal. your attention to a few of the many
styles of shoes canted in stock by them.
OUR LADIES’
French Kit, Haul—Male Woukouuttast,
A Marve of Comfort and Ease.
or $6 Haul-Harte : Prenon Kilt-Welt
For ladies wear are perfect in every respect and
as good a s oeasany sold atss.
For $5.50,
Our Ladies’ Hand-Made French Kid Turn Shoes
made 1) Benedict it 00., of New Canaan, are~tho
some 0 style and beauty,and positively cannot be
excelled at any price.
Oh! Chi for $3,
Those Nobby Little French Kid, Hand-Made
Oxfords with patent leather tips are admired by
all that have seen and worn them. You must cal
and see them.
For $2.50,
A Perfect Misses’ Waukenphast for school or a
walking shoe cannot be equalled.
Win ‘a word ourilue of‘shoes is complete in
every respect.
.We have the best the of
CHILDREN’S SCHOOL SHOES
Ever shown in town and at prices from the
cheapest to the beat.
Glover 8: Olson,
42 Wall Street,
NORWALZ.
For Sale.
DOUBLE BARRELLEDRIFLE madeby John
Blissctt, London. Will be sold cheap f0
cash. Enquire at this elites.
l SHALL ' FIND REST.
A little further on—
There will be time—I shall find rest anon;
Thus do we say, while eager youth invites ‘
Young hope to try her wings in wanton flights,
And nimble fancy builds the soul a nest
In some for crag; but soon youth’s flame ll
gono—
Burned lightly out—while we repeat the jest
With smiling confidence—I shall find rest
A little further on.
A little further on
I shall find rest; half fiercely we avow
When noon beats on the dusty field and care
Threats to unjoint our armor, and the glare
Throbs with the pulse of battle, while life's best
Flies with the fiitting stars; the frenzied brow
Pains for the laurel more than for the breast,
\Vhere love soft nestling waits. Not now, not
now,
With feverish breath we cry, I shall find rest
A little further on.
A little further on
I shall find rest; half sad, at last, we say,
When sorrow’s settling cloud blurs out the gleam
0f glory’s torch, and to wvauishcd dream
Love's palace hath been turned, then—all de-
pressed, '
Despairing, sick at heart—we may not stay
Our weary feet, so lonely then doth seem
This shadow haunted world. We, so noblest,
Weep not to see the grave which waits its
guest;
And feeling round our feet the cool, sweet clay,
We speak the fading world farewell and say-z
Not on this side—alas !—I shall find rest
A little farther on. ~Centm'y
THRIFTI—OIIILLANOS.
THE MOST ENTERPRISING OF THE
SPANISH-AMERICAN RACE.
Active and Aggressive Chili—Something
Refreshing in the Way of Patriotism.
The Chillano Brave tn lleckiessness.
The Conquest of Porn.
The Chillnno is the Yankee of South Anter-
ica: the most active, enterprising, ingenious
and thrifty of the Spanish-American race,
aggressive, audacious and arrogant, quick to
perceive, quick to resent, fierce in disposition,
cold blooded, and cruel as a cannibal. Ho
dreams of conquest. He has only a strip of
country along the Pacific coast, so narrow
that there is scarcely room enough to write
its name upon the map, hemmed in on one side
by the eternal snows that crown the Cordil-
leras and on the other by 6.000 miles of sea.
He has been stretching himself northward
until he has stolen all the sea coast of Bolivia,
with her valuable nitrate deposits, all the gu-
ano that belonged to Peru, and contemplates
taking actual possession of both blocse repub-
lics soon. He has been reaching southward
by diplomacy, as he did northward by war,
and under a. recent treaty with the Argentine
Republic divided Patagonia with that nation,
taking to himself the control of that valuable
international highway, the Strait of Magel-
lan, the unexplored country between the
Andes and the ocean, and thousands of
islands along the Pacific coast, whose re—
sources ui'e unknown. By securing the strait
Chili acquired control of steam navigation in
the south Pacific, and has established a fort
ress at Punta Arenas, by which all vessels
must pass.
Reposiug tranquilly now in the enjoyment
of the newly acquired territory along the B0-
livian and Peruvian border, and deriving an
enormous revenue from the export tax upon
nitrate, the Chillano contemplates the inter-
nal dissensions of. Peru mid waits anxiously
for the time when he canstep in as arbitrator
and. like the lawyer, take the estate that the
heirs are silly enough to quarrel over. It is
but a question of years when not only Peru,
but Bolivia, will become a part of Chili, and
the aggressive nation will want to push her
eastern boundaryback of the Andes and se-
cure control of the sources of the Amazon, as
she has of the navigation of the strait.
The Chillanos lead the southern continent
and are the most powerful of all the repub-
lics in America except our own. Their states-
men are wise and able, their people are in-
dustrious and progressive, and have that
strength of mind and muscle which is given
only to the men of temperate zones. There
is ustrong similarity between the Chillanos
and the Irish. Both have the some wit and
reckless courage, the some love of country
and patriotic pride. Wherever a Chillaiio
goes he carries his opinion that there never
was and never can bed; better land than that
in which he was born; and although he may
be a refugee or an exile, he will fight in de-
fenso of Chili at the drop of the hat. There
is something refreshing in his patriotism,
even it it be the most arrogant vanity.
The Cbillano will cut the throat of a man
who will not celebrate with him the 18th of
September, his independence day, and there.
is a law in the country requiring every house
to have a fiagstafi’, and every fiagstaff to,
bear the national colors on a. banner by day
and a lantern by night, on the anniversaries
of the republic. All the schools must use
text books by native authors, all the bands
play the compositions of native composers,
and visiting opera and concert singers are
compelled to vary their performances by in-
troducing the songs of the country. It is
said that a Frenchman can neverbe donation-
alized. The same is true of the Chillano.
As a soldier the Chillano is brave to rock-
lessness, and a sense of fear is unknown to
him. He will not endure a siege, nor can he
be made to fight at long range; but as soon
as he sees the enemy be fires ouc volley, drops
his gun and rushes in with his “curve.” His
endurance is as great as his courage, and no
North American Indian can travel so far with-
out rest or go so long without food'or water
as tho Chillano peon, or “Roto.” as the mixed
race is called. As the “Cbolo” in Peru is the
descendant of - the Spaniards and the Incas,
so is' the “Roto” in Chili the child of the
Spaniard and the Arucanian Indians, the‘raco
of giants with which the early explorers re-
ported that Pntngonfa was peopled—“menus _
of that biggiuess," as Sir Francis Drake re-
ported, “that it seemed the trees of the for-
ests were uprooted and were moving away.”
They have the Spanish tenacity of purpose,
the Indian endurance and the cruelty of both.
Each soldier, in the mountains of the~
desert, carries on his breast two buckskin
bags. In one are the leaves of tho coca
plant, in the other powdered lime made of
the ashes of potato skins. The coca is the
strongest sort of a tonic, and by chewing it
the Chillnno soldier can abstain from food or
drink for a week or ten days at a stretch.
The Chilluno soldier is not easily subjected to
discipline, and outvundals the vandals in the
destruction of property, as the present condi-
tion of Peru will ‘prove. Ho burns and de-
stroys everything within his reach that has
sheltered an enemy. No authority can re-
strain his hand. The awful scenes of devas-
tation that took place in Peru have nothing
to pai'rallel them in the annals of modern
warfare—William Eleroy Curtis in Harper’s
Magazine.
The Inundatlon of the Nile.
When the time approaches for the inunda-
tion the Arab farmer is all expectancy. -His
canals are cleared and he protects his home
by dikes and walls of adobe. This done,
seated at his door, he watches with satisfac-
tion and gratitude the rise and approach of
the water which holds his little wealth. It is
several months rising to its greatest height,
and then as slowly and gradually subsides.
Then appears again to his delighted vision
the husbandmuu’s farm. His palm trees seem
to rise to a greater reach, and their waving
branches add to the sense of calm and content
which pervades all. Already his well filled
canals have defined themselves, and his irri-
gating machinery is at once put in repair.
There is no more use for the boats which
have served to carry him from place to place
during the inundation. They are hidden
among the rushes on the banks of the canal.
Every available person is now pressed into
the service. If the thin deposit of mud left
by the departing river is kept moist, its value
remains at par. If the hot sun is allowed to
play upon it unopposed, it soon becomes
baked and curls up into tiny cyliudois; then,
breaking 'into fragmenb, it falls dead and
worse than useless. Therefore the process of
irrigation must begin at once. The rude
sakiyeh and the ruder shadoof are kept going
night and day, and give employment to tens
of thousands of the people and cattle as well.
With these primitive appliances the water is
lifted and emptied into the channels which
have been dug or (liked to receive it. From
these larger receptacles the water is led to
smaller one; which, overflowing, cover the
fields. '
In a little time, then, a Nile farm becomes
a rare beauty spot, instead of a waste of mad;
for now the crops are grown. The lentils
bond with their heavy load and the fields of
g'raiu‘turn their well filled heads from side to
side that the ripening wn may change their
green freshnsm into gold—Edward L. Wil-
son in Sci‘ibner’s Magazine.
An Unison-ned "Bone Setter."
The famous English “bone setter,” Mr.
Hutton, who died recently, had no learning.
He neither “walked the hospitals” nor over
learned the names of all the creVices in the
human skeleton. If he had had all the bones
of the human body thrown down before him
he would have been at great pains to arrange
them in order. Yet ‘ trained men scat pa- ‘
tients with dislocations to him. -—Cbicagc
News. . -
Seasonnble Rhyme; ’ 1‘ : i. . . " “I
When, blooming in the garden beds,
The flowers exhale their sweet perfumes. "
And man his thinnest flannels sheds, '1 - ‘
The dog his summer pants assumes.
Norwalk Chronicler