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Births, Marriages and Death. W M.
ESTABLISHED 1800.
Volume LXX-XVI.
. An Enterprising Republican Journal,~especially devoted to Local News and Interests.
N ORWALK, CONN ., TUESDAY SEPTEMBER 14,1886.
1
IN COLUMBIA’S VALLEY
AN EASTERN EXPEDITION AP-
PROACHING ALASKA.
The Trip Through Oregon from Wallula u
Portland—Mount Hood and Its
flinging Altitude.
Oregon, the most Northwestern State
in the Union, is one of the best known
though one of the smallest in popula-
tion. The “Oregon Boundary,” the
“ Oregon Trail,” and many other titles
could be given which would recall some
of the oldest political questions in our
country, as well as some of the most
interesting and readable romances and
histories ever thrown over a frontier
laud.
Leaving the Northern Pacific at Wal-
lula Junction, Washington Territory.
we change to the Oregon Railway and
Navigation Company’s Line to Port-
land—without changing our sleeping
car, however, which goes through-and
in a. few minutes are on the soil of Ore-
gon, coursing along the southern bank
of the great Columbia River, which we
now see for the first time, though hav-
ing becnin its basin during the last two
days. The ride from Wallula to Port-
land' is one of about 12 hours in length
ordinarily, and, if the person is sight-
seeing at all, I would advise such a one
to make it in daylight, if the weather be
at all favorable. The first half, travel-
ing westward, while being grand enough
scenery for anywhere in the East, will
not compare with the second half from
about the Dalles nearly to Portland
For quite a distance on from Wallula
the banks of the Columbia River are
comparatively low and the immediate
scenery not very interesting. Still, at a
few points on the road, the chances are
good fora quick passing view of Mount
Hood and the Cascade range. As the
Dulles of the Columbia are approached,
the weather being fair, this beautiful
peak bursts into sight around the bends
of the road in the most astonishing and
beautiful aspects, forming a grand series
of pictures by itself. The first ascent
of Mount Hood, as near as can be found
out at this late day, was made ill Aug-
ust, 1854, by Mr. Thomas J. Dryer, of
Portland, Oregon, who was then editor
of the Weekly Oregonian. He was ac-
companied by Mr. W. Lake, and an
account of the ascent was published in
the Oregonian shortly after. lie (Mr.
Dryer) had also ascended Mount St.
Helena, of 'Washington Territory, four
years before (1850), and thus gained the
credit of having been the first white
.. man in the United States to ascend a
perpetually snowclad peak. Humboldt
speaks of Mount Hood as being be-
yond all doubt an extinct volcano.
There are many witnesses, more or
less credible, who claim to have seen‘
this queen of the Pacific in various
stages of activity, but many, if not all,
must be received with considerable
reservation. Mount Hood, I can re-
member, was originally 17,000 feet
high " by rough estimate” of the old
pioneers. Somebody then got “a close
estimate” and made it 16,000 feet high.
After that it was measured by the angle
of its top above the horizon of a dis-
tant observer, the position of the two
places being known, and it dropped to
14,500. Then a rough triangulation
was mado,'and it withdrew to 13,000.
Somebody went up with an aueroid
barometer and. it collapsed to 12,000
feet, and when finally the mercurial
barometer was used they had to add in
the length of the instrument to put it
11,225 feet, where it now stands till
somebody shaves oif another. 1,000 feet.
“ J 06 ” Meek, the oldest of the pioneers
in this region, said, as he watched the
results, he hoped he would die before
Mount Hood became a hole in the
ground. Says Coleman, in the Alpine
Journal of 1877: “ Mount Hood, which
is certainly not more than 11,225 feet
above the sea (a very respectable
height), has been variously estimated at
17,000 and 18,000 feet. A certain learned
Professor who had made the ascent,
writing to one of the Oregon papers a
few years since, stated: “Mount Hood
stands unrivaled among the mountains
of North America. By an approved
method, viz, the boiling of water and
the thermometer, we ascertained its
height to be 17,640 feet above the level
of the sea (for the thermometer stood at
1809‘ in a hollow 40 feet below the pin-
uicle). our two barometers failed to
1ndicate the enormous height, one for
1ts short gradations, the other for its
short spring. The former made an
entire revolution upon the dial, and its
ludications,will be hereafter computed.”
Now, Prof. Whitney, at a meeting of
the California Academy of Natural
Sciences, made some remarks on the
subject, and called attention to the fact
shat a correct calculation from Prof.
—-—’s reported observations would
make: Mount Hood not 17,000 but 34,001:
feet high 1” Mount Hood is about 61‘.
miles from Portland, a good wagon
road leading from that city to the base
of the mountain, the country being
settled to within about 15 miles of the
case. It is said that it has often been
ascended owing to the ease with which
.t can be done. The only obstacle-ii
.t can bo'called such—is a sort "of a
:anon—like valley at the foot of the
peak, placed by different people at from
100 to 1,000 feet below the top. The
United States Geological report, made
1y Arnold Hague to Prof. Clarence
King, says of it: “The summit of
Mount Hood exposes on the east. no
and northwest sides a bold, precip-
tous, jagged mass of rock, which forms
the outer wall of the old crater, encirc-
ling it for the three-fifths of the cir-
cumferenco * * * The crater in
nearly half a mile wide from easttn
west. * * * Three distinct glacier:
have their- origin in this basin, each the
source of a stream of considerable ciao
4' * '3' One of the most marked goo
logical and topographical features 01
Mount Hood and the vicinity is its very
extensive system of extinct glaciers
which everywhere gouged out immense
trough-shaped valleys, cutting down
deeply into the earlier trachytic lava
flows of the old volcano.”
But to leave Mount Hood,to which
we have been too long attracted by its
resemblance in one way to one of the
main objects of our expedition-the as
cent of Mount St. Elias—and return tc
our railroad ride down the valley oi
the Columbia. The city of The Dalles
is so named from the contraction of the
river at this point, called by the old
Hudson’s Bay Company “ The Dallas."
It is of more interest to the student
than the Sightseer. Here the great Co-
lumbia contracts into a passago‘so nar.
row that one could fling a stone across 3 -
it with case, and yet it hardly seems 111‘
increase its current in this funnel- '
shaped channel, which can only be ac-
counted for by great depth — “ the
mighty Columbia turned on edge,” as
one writer puts it.“ The chasm through.
which it flows has never been fathomed,
and can Only be approximately deter-
mlncdlby an inversion of the grand pro-
portions of the river— where it flows:
1111 ough its ordinary channe. ” At The
Dalles we commence cutting through
the Cascade Mountains. leaving the on-
;f interesting scenery behind, arm now the
views are henceforth on a more colos‘
sal scale. In leaving The Dallas’ 1
would advise the tourist to quit the
railroad and take the river steamer to
Portland, the views from the channel
of the river being from a much better
standpoint than closely hugging .the
most picturesque shore of the route.
A little over forty miles beyond The
Dulles we come to the Cascades, where
the Columbia River cuts through'the
backbone ridge of the mountains in
swift rapids and a foamingtorrent.
Before the railroad was completed on
1113.1 Oregon side all freight and passen-
gers up and down the river had to be
transferred at the Cascades from wheat.
above to one below, or vice versa. A
railway six miles long was built many
years ago on the Washington Territory
..ido, and 18 still operated. 0n the other
side, near the Oregon Railway and
Navigation Company’s line of railroad,
the Government is building a long se-
ries of locks to be able to overcome the
six miles of rapids, Many millions
have been spent, and many more will
be before they are completed. There is
all old Indian. itraditiomwhich was
written up for Harper’s Magazine long
ago ill the poetical form, of a natural
bridge extending over this part of the
Columbia River, beneath which the
stream ran in a peaceful way as it now
does above and below the Cascades.
Then the great mountains, Hood and
St. Helena, became angry and com-
men'ced belching forth fire and smoke
and throwing great stones at each
other. The earth trembled, and the
broad bridge of stone fell in and dam-
med up the river, and ever since that
time the stream has had to break its
way over this rocky debris in a rushing
sheet of white that We 'call the Gas:
cades.
Just below the Cascades, on the north
side of the river, is Castle Rock, rising
over 10,000 feet, its base in the waters
of the now broad river. It is the Bea-
con Rock of Lewis and Clark, the first
explorers to name it, but, as is often
the case, it has changed its title to suit
others coming after; in this case, for-
tunately, not to add to some one’s
name, which is so often the '_case. A
little below this on the river is Cape
Horn, where great corrugated walls of
rock break into bristling pinnacles on
the water front, looking not unlike the
may be seen little cascades dashing
down the dizzy heights, often melting
into mist before they reach the ground.
But there are some among the many
large and picturesque enough to do-
serve a special name even here. On-
eonta is said to fall 600 feet and looks
like a perpendicular33 vein of whitest
quartz, as seen from the river._ Mult-
uomah is said to fall over 800 feet from
the crest of the bluff whence it rises
lnto sight. So beautiful is the sight
of this fall from the ground below, and
so near its base does the railroad run,
that trains going both ways stop ten
to fifteen minutes to exhibit this, one
of its greatest attractions. A rustic
bridge spans two jutting rocks near the
base, and from this a peculiarly fasci-
nating viewis had, looking straight up
the line of fall. The fall is not one of
sheer descent the whole way, but
rather over a rounded rocky wall,s'o
nearly perpendicular that the' eye un-
lided could not detect its inclination
from the vertical did not the water, act-
ng as nature’s plumb-bob, show it.
Over these slight roundings of the
water-worn rock the descending spray
falls in tremolous waves, and from the
rery top to the bottom-:- liquid waves,-
ike moving folds of sllk, chasé each
richer with a Constantly accelerating
gait as they and, and are Justin a: cloud
1! mist that if“ :crogwn edwlth fill the
one beyond that is far more pictur-
osque in view than in name. Past the
Pillars of Hercules-two huge columnar
rocks guarding the railroad track on
other side from the west-and we are
In the Pacific slope of the Cascade
Mountains, and in a short run' of a few
hours come to Portland, the metropolis
of the Northwest, and one of the few
American cities that have had a phe-
nomenally rapid growth within the last
low years. Lost as a small boy in the
woods back of one street that made up
the little village in 1858,'3 it is hard for
me to comprehend now that it, with‘
its suburbs makes up a ”city of 40,000-
people, and that most of the increase.
has been within 11.911131 few years; the
censusof 1880, even, showing less than;
half of that number. I have seen it.
in this population twenty-two million~
sires, and a look at her business blocks
and residences would not belie the
statement if that could be taken as a
criterion. Southward from Portland,
and tributaryto it, stretches for about
150 miles the navigable Willamette
River, draining the richest agricultural
valley beyond all comparison in the
great Northwest. Its average width in
land adapted to agriculture is about
thirty-five miles, and in proportion to
Its area it has by far the densest popu-
lation in the Northwest, while many of i‘l
the oldest and most staple towns' in tho3
State are to be found here, resemblingj
thrifty New England or" New York”;
towns rather than the mushroom and
backwood appearance of many of the
places through which the traveller has
been making his wayduring the last
four or five days. Four lines of rail-
road drain this rich valley from Port-
land as a centre, two of standard gauge
and two narrow gauge; and one of each
being on opposite sides of the Willam-
ette River, itself navigable nearly to
the head.
Portland, like Quebec, London, Ant-
sea. Its exports for last year amounted
tom-2, 556, 888, the principal being wheat
and salrhon, the latter alone roqoirlng
120 vessels of as many thousand tons
to move the product for one year.
The Lower Columbia is a picturesque
ride, but somewhat tame after coming
through scones grander by comparison.
It is about like the Hudson at West
P911111 and the 11131111111113. We travel
down it 40 miles, cross the Columbia at
Kalama, and bid Oregon farewell till
we see it again from the top of Mount
St. Elias. 3
He Didu't Like Picnics.
Inquired Jimmy Tuifboy of his paternal.
" Well, you are going to behave your-
self for one thing.”
“ That’s a tough one, pop.
then 1’”
“I guess if you go to one picnic that
will do you. "
“ Ono picnic l- No picnic forZIno. I’m
going to tramp these woods sauna here
for six straight weeks. Picnics are no
use. Who wants to row a boat-load o'
l girls all over a pond, an’ not have ’em
! speak to you on the street 1’”
No way hora: been found for making
heroicmi' any; film 161' “the f'scholar.
Labor, ircn‘ dabo , is for 111111.. ‘ The
world was created as an audionco; the
atoms of which it is made are appor-
tunitles.
Where
bastion of some old castle planted here 3.
to guard the grand stream. Everywhere
" .{witlr a copy of Raphael’s
{zia
adorned, was sold by the 3Perogian fam-
stated fiend claimed 1111111 Portland has; '
werp,and othoraisan inland soaport,
.boingalittio over 100 miles 111.19 th ., '
«Wherefmlrsomithbirmtioo. cont: ,
Dancing and! Illuslc in Persia.
Two girls come: forward slowly—for
the true Oriental-"is never in a hurry—
remove their c7111; vats, or head covering,
and bow to the assembled guests. For
some seconds they st and quite motion-
less, then the eyelids begin to move. and
by degrees each muscle commences to
quiver until every limb is affected.
Although all present, with the excop
tion of myself, hadseen this _a thousand
times before;no sooner had the dancers
advanced than the attention of every
one was engrossed. Tine performers
than bent their heads gradually back
until they almost touched the ground,
then they raised themselves, and leaned
forward until they sank down upon
their knees, still quivering in every
muscle,’until at length theylay' prone
onthe ground. For some Seconds they
remained there quite motionless, as
though animation were entirely sus-
pended. The first sign of returning
life was to move the heads from ride to
side, the quivering motion recom-
mences, and the dancers assume their
upright position and break into' a sort
of’ badly danced polka. This native
dancing might almost be called a song
illhstrated by gestures and posturing
rather than dancing' in our acceptation
‘ of the word. These song dances are
usually accompanied by a din of tam-
tours, or a squeaking sort of violin, but
played by the fingers only; the sounds
produced are monotonous, and not
pleasing to European ears; the move-
mfents of the dancers are marked by
castanets. Persian music and singing
are very different to our Western ideas
of honiiny, and the modeling of a song
so’ ridiculous, being moreaserles of
grimuce’s'and contortions than melodi-
ous intonation. Yet Persians rave
about their music just as they do about
the sweetness of their fruits, the beauty
of their women, the fertility of their
country, and I have no doubt that our
music is just as discordant to their ears
as theirs is to ours. Night after night
they will sit up at these and similar
entertainmentswhich to us would be
insupportably tedious, and this music
and singing Will hold them breathless
and unwearied. The tambourine is;a
very favorite instrument. It is held
upon the lap and is played by striking
the tightly stretched skin with the sec-
ond and third fingers of the right hand
and the four fingers of the left hand.
3-..—..... HH‘. 3
King Ludwlg's Bcdclmmbor.
It is divided into two parts by means
of a golden balustrade, the back part
being rounded. Here the king's bed
stands on a raised dias, up to which
lead five broad steps covered with ruby
velvet, on which are embroidered large
golden suns. The bed is of gilt bronze,
a work of art we meet with once in a
lifetime. It is covered with a counter-3
pane of gold cloth, embroidered in
colors, the centre representing King
Louis XIV., without his wig, a large
emerald on. his breast, a sapphire in his
hair. The bed is ' surmounted by a
canopy of gold, with a high crown of
gold in the centre and four enormous
bunches of3wllitc plumes at the four
corners; from the canopy descend the
cartains, to examine which a lover of
art will devote several weeks. The
outside is ruby velvet embroidered in
gold, so that of the ground color scarce-
ly anything is seen; the inside is cov-
‘cred from top to bottom by pictures
from the Bible—at first sight the pro-
duce of the miniature painter’s brush,
but on close inspection the triumph of
the needlewoman's skill. The centre
of the background is occupied by a sun
embroidered in diamonds and pearls.
The walls of the room are entirely hung
with ‘elvo't embroidered in3: gold,
the chi '1' olding garlands of flowers
being 3 d that a real boby held to
the W2}. ot Stand out from it more
boldly” 3' than do those warks of the
needle. on one side of the bed, within
the space confined by the golden .balus-
trade, is the washing stand, a tall mir-
ror in gold arabesques, the table of
marble supported by gilt bronze fig-
ures—tho basin, ewer and ten vases in
' gilt ,bronzoi'of, a; size thatwould aston-
ish even a’ giant, and 'of a beauty that
Is impossible to describe. The other
side of the bed is taken up by a prayer
stool in ruby gold-embroidered velvet,
the background filled by a St. Michael
in colors, of such splendid workman-
ship that the Original by the miniature j
paintbr, upon which the stitches were
5 worked, must beless beautiful. “Above
the tz-prayer stool there is a tiny altar
’i”which, with the prayer book it
fly that had owned it 111111111 Raphaol’s
time to the Empress of Russia, who in
her turn lent it to King Louis, one of
her great favorites in former years.
0—000-0-
Bridging the Bloody Chasm.
While we were tramping over the
battlefields around Marietta, Ga., the
'young man from Connecticut grew
sweet on the pretty daughter of the
widow with whom we boarded. It was
love at first sight and they went in
heavy. Our guide had been an old red
soldier, and when he saw how things were
going winked the girl to a seat, on the
wash-stand behind the house and said
w, Buy, this’ ere orter stop. ” ‘
at ’ere?” 5 3
In’lovc" with that feller ‘1"
" Hain’t I a right ?”
“ N 0, gal. Me‘n your old father served
in the ranks together. We fit again
them Yanks together, and together we
com home calkerlatin’ to hate’ em as
long as we lived. ’th'luldn’t be right
for you to go back on your dad that way. "
“J 1m Skuee,” she replied, “mebbo ye
never heard nuthiu’ ’bout bridgin’ the
bloody chasm and shakin’ hands across
the last ditch. I know pap was a
When they woke up they began to
shake and bridge, and they kept it up
till the Yank hurrahed for General Lee
and pap hollored for General Grant.
Now you shot! If you don’t wantto
bridge you can stub around with your
nose stuck up and ”yourkneos out to the
weather, but don't you go to intorferin’
with me l'Dad bridged, mam’s bridged,
and l'nl going to climb out of the last
ditch and bustle for a Yankee husband!"
__coo“.—oo
:fmj "803..w.°d.um w.-'
An English chemist has found a way
for turning to account the practically
inimitable quantity of sea wood that
' the ocean supplies, or at least as much
of it as may be desired. Ho boils the
wood with carbOnato of soda and treats
3th 0 filtered gsolution With sulphuric
Acid, obtamingsfrom it in this manner
a substance that has more viscosity
than starch, or even gum arable, and
that can be profitably employed in
stichning various textile fabrics. Itls
also said to be excellently adaptodfor
the making of. syrups,§and for certain
column uses. From the canola:
1111111111. matter loft aces. Bible“!
:.'1 111111 lllatcrial, ajvery good quality of
.. 1111111.: paper can bc cheaply made.
“ Annun- .5
“$3: in spite g9: hlmultsmld- 11111111111 her‘.
5 self into stone at Locke, her" brother- it:
Corkhill’s Duel with the Briton.
Before the war, when Corkhill was a
young attorney in .an Iowa town, hardly
fledged, a young man from England
boarded at the same house. The Eng-
lishman made some reficctions'on the
legal profession in the presence of the
tableful of people, and Corkhill hotly
resented it, and used some very objec-
tionable language, which the English-
man rcsented by striking at. Corkhill.
There were half adozen young fellows
beside Corkhill in the party, with their
heads full of.mischiei', and it did not
take them long to arrange a plan to
extract some fun from the quarrel.
Some of them went to the Englishman
and told him he never could rest under
what Corkhill had said except in dis-
grace; that striking with the fists might
do in England, but nothing short of a
challenge would satisfy an American
community. The ,yormg Briton was
full of tho pluck of his native country,
and at once declared himself ready to
fight. One of the practical jokers her
came his second, and the duel was ar-
rangcd for seven o’clock that evening
at a place selected near the town.
Corkhill, the challenged party, chose
pistols as the weapons. It was an
ranged that no bullets should be put in
the pistols, and that at the second fire
Corkhill was to fall as though dead.
His opponent was then to be rushed
off in a great hurry.
Every-thing worked satisfactorily.
The parties came together; the seconds
loaded the pistols in each other’s pres-
ence. About this time Corkhill began
to get pretty nervou's. The seconds had
evidently been indulging a little, and
there was no telling what they would
do. Corkhill moditaEd: “What if One
of those idiots, full of beer, should
happen to get into his noddle that it
would be another joke to put in bul-
lets? It is just like them.” He wished
he hadn’t entered into the joke. In
reply to his anxious and over polite
inqurics his second assured him that
the charges were blank, and the parties
faced each other, and at the word
fired.
Nobody being hurt, the second pro-
posc-1l,as usual, a reconciliation. Cork-
hill, who knew the duel to be a joke,
was willing and anxious to quit. It
wasn't funny, especially with two tipsy
seconds, but the Englishman, who was
fighting a real duel, was game, and pro-
posed to see it out. So another ex-
change of shots was had, and Corkhill
fell as per programme. The English-
man was hustled into a carriage, as-
surcd with hearty congratulations that
he had killed his man, and advisedto
1:0 to a certain place and lay low until
the next night, when they would come
for him. But he kept going, left that
part of the country and never returned.
110 and Corkhill met as soldiers in the
Union army, and the Englishman, who
had ascertained the truth, was very bit-
ter at first, but finally melted under the
geniallty of Corkhill, and they became
good friends.
A “(mm in m 3
The “Laguna” is aregion spoken of
in Mexico. It is the great cotton-grow-
lug section of the republic. It lies well
to the north, in the State of Durango,
and the Mexican Central Railroad
passosthrough it. Thovalleyiapeculi‘ ar
33 in one respect. While a large riverfrom
the Sierras pours into it, no stream
escapes from it. Like those rivers on
the map of Africa which used to excite
our childish cunosrty,1ts waters sink
and are lost in the soil. Doubtless at
one time this great valley, 100 miles
long by 50 wide, was a vast lake fed by
mountain streams, and emptying its
waters into the Gulf of Mexico. But a
change of- climate or other causes now
unknown has diminished the water sup
ply, and the lake has evaporated, till
now '11th salt marsh, frequented by
millions of water mm and only useful
for the production of salt, remains to
remind us of its existence. But the soil
left behind by the receding watersis
marvelously rich and deep. Give it
water, and there is no limit to its pro-
ductiveness. A barrier of ragged moun-
tains, perhaps 10 miles distant, shut in
the view to the westward. As usual,
the railroad station was several miles
from the town, but a dozen mule teams,
with their dusky drivers, offered trans-
portation, and gave proof that there
was something back of the sand hills3
' and sage bushes.
W
Manufacture of Paper in Tonkln.
The principal material used in the
' manufacture of paper in Tonkin is the
_ke-yioh, or paper tree, which grows in
abundance on the mountains in the
environs of Sontay. The dried bark of
this is brought in bundles upon the
backs of oxen or buffaloes from the
mountains, where it is gathered for the
numerous paper-mills, whose principal
centre is in the vicinity of Hanoi. It is
worth about two cents a pound. 3 This
bark is maceratod and rubbed up in
mortars, so as to reduce it to a fine pulp.
This latter is extended with a certain
quantity of water in order to form a
clear paste, which is sized with an in-
fusion made from the shavings of the
1503111110, a tree which grows in abund~
once on the Black river mountains.
The paper is manufactured sheet by
sheet by women by means of: delicate
bamboo screens that they alternately
dip into the paste and take out there-
with a thin sheet of paper, which they
deposit upon a board. 'At the end of
the day these sheets are put into a press
in order to extract the moisture from
them, and are then dried by placing
them one by one on a hot masonary
wall. Finally they are put up in pack-
ages and trimmed. Each woman makes
one thousand sheets a day. The thick-
ness of the paper depends upon the
consistency of the paste.
W
:A Norwegian Logan}! Explained 3
The first object, 'of exceptiénal inter-
' est on the northern journey in Norway
is Toi'ghatton, the famous mountain
with the hole through it. A coast like
the Norwegian could hardly fail to load
to the origination of legends.
A giant and giantess, who fell in love
during a meeting at a friend’s had to
partat‘length, and did so with the
usual layers’ .vows. The giantess had
returned home to nurse her sick brother,
who at first promised that she should
marry her lover, but who afterward
- desired her to marry one of his dissolute
friends. The special family gift in
this instance was the powar of petri-
faction, and the brother turned into
various rocky islets the messengers sent
by the lover to his mistress.‘ The
lover’s peculiar faculty was the power
of'hittin'g everything lie-shot at, and
at last, getting into a great rage at
what he thought was his mistross’s
faithlos‘a‘ness, he shot an arrow at her,
although he was seventy miles away.
The brother happened to be bathing at
the time, and as it was very wet he
wore his hat. The arrow went through
both hat and skull, and then fell at the
feet of the lady. She loved her brother
Torghatton, and her lover on horseback
at Hostmando.
1..-
Waslllngtou’s Boo-ton Turnout-3.
A writer says: There are more hand-
some carriagcs and other turnouts in
Washington than in any other city in
the Union except New York. This is
as much due to the many beautiful
drives in and immediately about the
city. The ten or twelve miles of
smooth asphaltum encourages driving
for pleasure, but those who keep good
monts except on their way out to the
country. I had been out occasionally
on these roads, but never realized what
a pOpular thing riding and driving had
become here, until I had invested in a
cart and took to the parks and roads
myself. The sun is so hot during the
day at this season of the year, that
very few peeplc indulge in driving for
pleasure until after six 0 '_clcch in the
evening. Some go early in the mom-
ing, but I never saw those. In the
evening, however, there ' is a great
double procession of handsome 'turn-
outs and swell people, from the slender-
legged young man on his. bicycle to a
tally-ho coach with its crowd of' dash-
ing young people .on tap, its bugler
and proud manipulator of six horror.
Whichever way you take at first you
imagine that everybody else has con-
eluded to try that particular road.
After awhile you find that every road
out of town for six or eight miles is
thronged the same every pleasant even-
ina-
In most cities you drive out on a flat,
straight, dusty or muddy road, through
lanes, between monotonous cornfields
and meadows. You get there after a
hard struggle over the rough pave-
ments, between horse cars and beer
wagons, and through tough suburbs.
Or, you go through the latter to a
park and never see the country at all.
Here you can drive miles in beautiful
parks in the heart of the city, rifieshot
from your office, or go out over one of
a dozen broad and smooth boulevards
to the country in three minutes. It-is
the ecuntry, too, broken and unbroken
forests, river, purling crooks, up and
down hills, lanes hid away under the
shades, broad macadamize‘d pikes, vil-
las, farm houses and humble cottages
here and there—not all at once staring
you in the face, but one and two here
and there, and gone again, while some-
thing new and fresh breaks suddenly
on the visiOn. You meet in some un-
expected bend in the read some blazing
senatorial equipage, and now and then
the President and 'his bride in a low
Victoria; often cabinet and other oili-
cials, and numberless buggies, carts,
carriages, road wagons, etc., of the
general public. Glimpses of the white
dome of the capitol, the towering shaft
of the monument as you return, are
not necessary to indicate your near-
uess to the capital of the nation.
-«..w_
Label and Uso'Wltk Caro.
One can scarcelybe'too carefulin
handling and placing strong or poison
ms liquids. There are two or 111191
volatile liquids mod in families which
no 11erchth dangerous, and must
no employed, 1: a: all, with apeclal’eam
Bonzine, other, no! strong ammonia
constitute this class of agents. The
two first-named liquids are employed in
cleaning gloves and other wearing
apparel, and in removing oil stains
from carpets, curtains, etc. The liquid:
are highly volatile and flash into vapor
as soon as the cork oftho phial contain-
lng them is removed. Their vapors are
very combustible, and will inflame at
long'distances item ignited candles or
gas flames, and consequently they
should never be used in the evening,
when the house is lighted. Explosion:
of a very dangerous nature will occur
if the vapor of these liquids is permitted
to escape into the room in considerable
quantity. In view of the great hazard
in handling these liquids cautious
housekeepers will not allow them to
be brought into their dwellings, and
this course is very commendable. As
regards ammonia, or water of ammo
nia, it is a very powerful agent,
especially the stronger kinds sold by
druggists. An accident in its use has
recently come under our notice, in
which a younglady lost her life by
taking a few drOps through mistake
Breathing the gas, under certain cir-
cumstances, causes serious harm to the
lungs and membranes of the mouth
and nose. It is an agent much used at
this time for cleansing purposes, and it
is unobjectiouablo if proper care is
, used in its employment. The phials
holding it should be kept apart from
others containing the medicines, etc.,
and mbbor stoppers tathe phials should
be used. Oxalic sold is considerably
employed in families for cleansing
brass and copper utensils. This sub.
stance is highly poisonous, and must
be kept and used with great caution.
In crystalline structure it closely re-
sembles sulphate of magnesia, or Epsom
salts, and, therefore, frequent mistakes
are made and lives lost. Every agent
that goes into families amongst inex-
perienced persons should be kept in a
safe place, labelled properly, and used
with great care.
__o
.40.»—
gettuu a Cue in Guatemala.
Some Cannons owned a coffee estate
In 31111; nor-til of the country, and wished
33th money: ground. Immediate-
hey this wales moo m
of unwanted “W “P
theyoccupiedhndplantediflamtho
malfuncfltiesroqnirodhrtak'ing-np
waste landlinthocountry. Thetract
thoyhadmkemhowovqhadboenport
of the proportyof thechomkond on
theaeqoeatrdtlonofchurchlaodahad
been granted ’"to a man who had no
mpecialusefofitondhad left it idle
to: many years. He Md the right
then of glvingnotice of hiaownolobip,
undo! olatminstholandwlthinacor-
tam time from the moment of their
occupation. Inthllcesothocwneslot
thomqmredumbauoandgavenotico
amontbor tw‘otoolaiasothstby
strictlwthoa'etman‘s had the right
to retain the land. However, as it
bodbeencloarly hiathoy did notiikc
totakewhatthoyconslderedtobeun-
fair advantaged atocbnical. pointer
law,so.asosoal.tbqwenttc Barnes
and laid the case before him. He
asked afow-yofilnfltquosttooasoes
tothorooghiy master'tho detailso‘ftbe
case, and gave his decision at once-
“You have plantedthe laid inques-
tionwith come trees which are new
old enough to be of great value?”
“Yes.” “Istheroanymorewasteland
inthenelghborhood?" “Ymtheroia
plenty not beyond the landwe have
taken’. "said Barrios, “you
shall keeptll‘e
cudtlie’for'mcr ownershallhavoas-
signed to no a tract of equal area
from the other unoccupied and on-
wood lends.” And so a matterwas
sottlalln a fewmlnotesmndwithout
WNW Mvodraggedon
Mb the laweourts for months or
years. Barrios sow clea'fly that tho
ownorcared torn-11111111111111
it had been improved and planted at
some one olsds expense, and only
brought forward hisclaim in order to
get the results of others' labor for
nothing.
horses are rarely seen on these pave,
posedtdbcwaste “momma,
1! you have planted,
TigMONTfl'S in which
MALAR'A
1: M05T PREVALENT
MeAugas‘tSep (outer
Ocl‘oler 8: November
D0111 W T
(#15le ME».
AT one: f/ze are of
1.211113
50-.- AckEl‘
8155115115
cf 5"}3 ”141411111
Atoll Drugglsf's'h
PEAR“
“1'5?
M An I< WRAPPER.
Cchr BIN
is a pearly white,
semi-transparent
fluid having a re-
markable affinity
-or the akin.'1'he
, -nly article yet
knowntoche'rniltry
that will penetrate
thankln WITHOUT
INJURY.
Bethe [Isl-g.
Boautifios the Complexion,
sauna. .m‘i'it'331118'2a".1‘.:
coloration-n 3:323:23 kind, either within our
"gm 1 i
til at “brilliant, mating drywall: 11:3 1313:“ beau-
Jenn-non in its beauty. It unwan-
‘skin on"? lie. “I—
pure.cl ..‘. hm“
or chafed or rough skin on
“3“" 1%“.th
It!“ ll.
ITO U RES
MIN-Tu!) Sol-burl. Pricklyllelt. Chap-
ye}, Bough or (listed Sill-z in fact its relults
“Sum orthe aklnare Wu-
It Never Fall-1
Price 750.)» Bottle
passer s
White Glycerin
SOAP,
it make- the skin Io
loft and white.
5 Ask Your
Dro'gglst For It.
After Using.
full 8 m! “'65."! 35.. FRI". I“. I‘M”.
A' STANDARD lll'EDICAl-IW'ORK
l-cr Young and Middle-Aged Ion,
ONLY $1. 00 BY NAIL, POST- PAID.
A GREAT 1111111011. WORK ON IANHOOD.
Exhaustive Vitalltthcrvons and Physical De-
bility Premature Dec
and the untold miseries resulting from lnulscrcnon
or excesses. A book for every man, youn,m1d-
dle-aged and old. It contains 125 preacr ptlona
for all acute and chronic diseases, each one of
which is invaluable. 80 found by the Author,
whose experience for 83 years is such as obaoly
never before fell to the lot of any physicllllru,
pageaboond in beautlful French muslin, embossed
covers, full guilt, guaranteed to be a finer work in
every sense—mechanical, literary and professional
—than any other work sold in this country for
’ 88.50.01' the money will be lefundcd in every in-
stance. Prlee only $1. 00 by mall, post-paid.
Illustrative sample 6 cents. Send now. Gold
medal awarded the author by the National Medleal'
Asaoclatlon. to the “resldent of which, the lion.
P. A. Blssell, and associate officers of the Board
the reader is res ttully referred.
The Science 0 Life should be read by the young
for instruction. and by the afflicted for relief. It
will benefit all. '—l.on1lon Lancet.
There is no member of saclety to whom The
Science of Life would not be useful, whether youth,
mt, guardian. Instructor or clergyman -llrao-
Address the Peabody Medical Institute, or Dr.
W. H.1’arker, No. 4 Bulfinch street, Boston Mass.
who may beconsulted on all diseases requlrlug skill
and echriene e. Chronlc and obstinate diseases
that have battled the skill of other [1]] A phy-
cians a specialty. Such treated soc
"3‘3.”1‘1'12'1‘1’3 NEE??? l'yl’i‘1'TH YSELF
for working people. Send 10 cents pos
age, and we will mail you free,t a roya
valuable sample box of goodst wt
put you in the way of. making more money in a few
days than you ever thou ht possible at any business
Capital not required. on can live at- home and
work in spare tlme only, or all the time. All of both
sexes. of all ages,grandly successful, 50 cents to 85
easily earned every evening. That all who want
work may test the business, we make this unparal-
leled otter: To all who are not well satisfied edwewlll
send :1 to pay for the trouble or writing or. m
partlculurs, directions etc., sent free. Immense pay
absolutely sure for all who start at once. Don’tde-
lay. Address. Samson 5: Co. ,Portland, Maine.
in presents given away, send us 5
eeots poatageiand by mail ’05:] will
free a age 0 gonds 0 large
value, that willlle start on “Ewart that will at once
bring on in money aster than anything else in
Ames ca. All about the 900,000 in presents with
each box. Agents wanted everywhere, of either
sex, of all ages, for all the time or spare time only,
to work for us at their own homes. Fortunes for
all workers absolutely assured. Don't delay. II.
HALL!" & 00.. Portland Maine.
GULDM they can do. and live at home, that will pay
to Sarac hav
from It .5. per 119., “m a a
modem loads Either-sex. younger
not undamaged areal-ted y hunch-1mm at once
an absolutely sure of one: little roman. Allis
M. COEWAB.
OPTICIAN and OCULIST,‘
fields are leaves. but than who write to
Stinaonlco. .Portlud, Nahuatl! receive
free, {all information about work which
WILL BE AT NORWALK.
November 17 and 18, 1886,
At Norwallc Hotel.
Having qualified myself by years of hard study
in the best institutions in Europeh and Mvin had a
practical experience of twen ve years
country, I am enabled at first "1&1. ht to adapt louse
most appropriate to restore the vision to its origins
v rand cure all the various diseases of the eye
vo therefore combined my practice of an
Ocullst with that of an Opticlau, and am now on-
abled to furnished all kinds of lenses and styles of
Spectacles and EyaGlassea which are
order under my own supervision, to suit my eul-
omers’ visionary ailments.
Consultation Free.
References—Geo. G. Blshop. Charles Olmatead
lax-Deputy Shel-111' Charles Adams Mr. Clarence
Nash won I. 11'. Bonnet. Gen. 11. mil. Couch, 1m
3W. K. James. Dr E.C. Clarke.
r.kccouk,3_
Merchant Taller,
Baa recelved a full line of Fall and Winter
Imported Sultlngs and Pantaloonlnga.
Fall and Winter Over-coats;
A fine assortment of Fall and Winter Overcoat-
tngs at reasonable rates. _ lacy
All Work Done by First-Class Workman!
SA. TISF'A 0TIO.\' G UA‘RA NTEED!
13 and 15 Halo Street, Norwalk, Donn.
Tnionona linear,
Mom. of Con. Stock and
1' et. Ex.
Enrolment. namnv
Formerly”? 1111“" York
Bonita- B. BAC‘I.
Theo. Haight & Co.
BANKERS & BROKERS.
47 runway.
Trmsoct a General Banking business, bay and sell
Stocks Bonds or 011 for cash or on margins.
Stock trades can be made In ten shares and up-
' wards on the Consolldated Stock and Petrole-
- . um Bxc Mngo. . .
00MMISSION. 1-18 EACH WAY.
orders executed in Graln at New York and
Chicagoans
mutilate” Aadver-
found
Glo. .
ma
NMWRM
no in Man, Errors of Y oath, ,
11 till.
1111 11111 11111111111111.
.WHI. (1'13” 1:. Ill/l .s'lln’.‘
[)1'11 r Sir:
Ill; caving U1 1: / . wmula. from
I’l11i.s-I-eu'.’s Cough
[121111111]; 1' s [H't'fllu‘lld we can
11.-Min; 17ml Hm medicines
of 11'/- 1'1-11. i I. is composed arc
of rurug'nizm'. 11./1'1in [or
flu-m1] 11ml 11mg? lroubles,
11ml HHIJ i/
..pium. 111' 11 "_1/ poisonous 0r
11'1": i 1'11.
contains no
in in rinus drugs.
ELERY C. CLARKE, M. I) . Norwalk.
(3. A. MURRAY, M. D.,
DEXTER HITCHCOCK. N. 1).. “
o. u. uccon'manu. n. .,
c.11. 11911111111121.1111. 3 5-
1:. 11. moan, 11.11..
11'. w. BENEDICT, 11. 11.,
11. llusouaroun, x. 11., Standard.
w. s. TODD, M. D , 11111311119111.
OI
M AN ’1 FAC'I‘U RED BY
Geo. B. Plaistod,
DRUGGIST,
01111111 1111111 1111 Wall 811111111, 111111111.
12 Wuliuglon 8111111, 81111111 111111111.
J. G. Gregory 81. Co.
Desire to state that In addition to a full line of
Drugs, Proprietary Medicines and Droggists’
Sundries they are prepared to receive
orders for
Silk. Cotton or Linen
ELASTIC HOSE.
For varicose or enlarged veins. Wurrauted to
at, and at reduced rates.
They also desire to state that they have accepted
lllc agency of the New York Vaccine Co, and will
keep a supply of
PURE BflVINE VACCINE VIRUS
will he sold at close figures. The carry also a full
assortment of Keystone Writing ’apcr Packets.
CH DICE
Building Lots
F‘OR SALE
0n Wilton Avenue
Apply 19
II. J. S'I‘URGEE. or 0. E. \Vll.§0N.
GAZETTE BUILDING all
Seven Years Experience 11 U. S. Patent 0mm.
' Geo. R. Byington,
SOLICITOR OI"
PATENTS.
l-‘au-Inuvfl- [an-unnam- llulldlng,
WASHINGTON. D. 0.
Extension (lunc- bol‘orc (lo-nos. n Snoclnll)
Fl no utter,
The Sewing Machinist,
Still otters himself to the public, and desires to
say that he repalra sewing machines as formerly.
Orders left at the Post omce Newsstand, where a
full supply of parts, needles, etc., can be had.
Crders by postal card will receive prompt atten-
non
Hatch, 811111311011
MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN
1111111111, TIMBER,
Shingles, £11111,
Dom-s, Sash,
Blinds, .Mmdrtind,
Window Frames,
Pickets, 6'12.
; lenoerod 11111111111111 Wad.
11111111111111 tailing and Flaming.
South Nor-walk, Conn.
Sec. 5. Gregory.
Livery. Boarding, Sale.
Feed and Exchange
“Stables.
Nd. 14.311131“ .1
”Eta-o.”
IIEWV III. '3
(in rear of Horse Car Depot),
NOBWAIR, CONN;
Carriages furnished all hours. Comm
neutron and gentlemanly drivers. 1y
WM. C. BURKEI. 1).. 80.3NOI'WIII3. ,
They have in stock Electric Batteries, which 5
Two DOLLARS A YEAR.
Number 37.
Absolutely Pure.
This Powder never varies; A marvel of pure
h and wholésomeness. More economic
than the ordinary kinds, and cannot be sold in com-
petition with the multitude or low test, short”
Illllln or osphate powders.
vaunrkrs Pownsn 00.,106 Wad St N. Y.
w. 12. 1101111111113,
FURNISHI'NG ’UNDERTAKER
arresmnonsa n. a. pm.
Rowe-co us Main street. Telephone Connection.
W
GEO-WARD .ELLECK,
us‘nozusnocx's BLOCK. WALL STREET,
FAMILY GROCERIES,
1. BELDEN 1111111131111.
1111111111 111 11111111111111 111L111,
Room No. 4. Up Stairs.
GAZETTE BUILDING, NORWALK, CONN
JAMES '1‘. RUSSELL,
111111111 11111 11111111111111 Law
2 Gazette Building,
NORWALK, . CONN-
ALEX. S. GIBSON,
Organist of 1st Congregational Church. Waterbury,
'hl'eac er of
Pianoforte, Organ and Musical
Composition,
Lock Box 39 P. 0., NOltWALK, CONN.
E. WHITWCBTH,
Successor to 13.0mm,
MERCHANT TAILOR,
WEEKS' BUILDING, WALL STREET.
a run. 1.er or
Imported and Domestic Cloths.
, Of the Latest Styles, constantl on hand.
Novelties in Scotch Sailings. Satisfacytlon guaran-
teed 1n every particular.
PENSIONS
—:AND: —--
Government Claims.
My solo busln Thousands have Ill his
Neg.ecte1l. Addre ,free of charge, or visit, g
GEN. W. E. NOBLE,
91 Stratford Avenue, Bridgeport, Conn
IV. H. MEEKER,
54 Main Street.
SOUTH NORWALK. CONN,
Practical Plumber,
Steam and Gas Fitters, Dealers in l’lumbcrs’ and
Steam Fitters’ Supplies, and Gas Fixtures.
Jobbing promptly attended to. 1y21
O. E. WILSON,
General Insurance 11 Real Estate Agent
Money to Loan.
Room No. 3 Gazette Building, Norwalk, Conn.
EMA INSURANCE (10., of HARTFORD.
incorporated 1812. Charter Perpetual.
CAPITAL AND ASSFTS, $8,902,272. 61.
[Mares against loss and damage 5 Fire, on
terms adopted to the hazard and consistent with
the laws of com%nsatlon. COWLES .11 MERRILL,
Sole Agents for orwalk and vicinity.
THE
Norwalk Fire. Insurance Co.
Baa now completed its
181h SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS YEAR
And has not outstanding: dollar of unpaid losses
or claims for losses. \‘0 sound com
for less 1 pafl’l/ insures
W. 0. 8mm, Free. 8.1!. Ouman, Tread,
030. R. Cowman Secreta ta.ry
Having plum the
FURNITURE BUSIN ENS,
Recently carried on by WILLIAM Lockwoon at
I No. 36 MAIN STREET.
am prepared to meet the wants of all ma
purchasers of furniture, both STAIPL Ll} DAeNtlllve
DINAIENTAL. l have on hand a large
stock which I will sell
VERY CHEAP F015 CASH
l shallbepleased to meet all old or new friends
and will guarantee satisfacti onin
every case.
3GflEORGE H. RAYMOND.
’Pu'ruu 1.. GUIGUE,
FLORIST 81M} ll YMAN,
UNION AVENUE,
North of Norwalk Cemetery,
RORWAEE, - CQHN.
Dealer in In Green House and Hot House and
Bedding and Vegetable Plants, Fruit and Ornamen
tal Trees Shrubbery, Vines. Cut Flowers alway
on hand and all sorts of designsin Flowers arranged
to order. 41y8
Grading and Ito-filling Cemetery Plots
promptly attended to.
FOR SALE.
ASTYLISII
V’ l' C T O R l A ,
Newly Trimmed and Painted. '
A Fine Family Carriage.
Will be sold at a very low price.
HEN RY TILLY,
CARRIAGE MAKE R,
SOUTH NOR WALK.
..I_
3mm can“ re hammers
H A B. N E S 5
To compete with large concerns, I have taken th
agency of one of the Oldest and largest estab-
"ailments in the state for the sale of
Bernese. Bullies Halters, Sor-
Goliars, 81c.
I shall allow Make1°
Fine Harness to Order
as usual. at the old stand.
No. 7 WAT-ER STREET.
wherelwlllkeo a lineof hi
Channeling regular W ,Sponges
ngekllnuc’gmcfm
J. F. Peokwell.
Notice to Builders.
B‘lRST-QUA [.1’ PI BUILDING STONE for sale
Icheap. Apply to
J Mil-.8 K. SELLECK
Norwalk.
P. 0. Box”.
F0 1' Sale.
ADOUBLE BARRELLED RIFLE madeby John
Bllssert, London. Will be sold cheap for
cash Enquire at this olhce.
For Sale.
A Chestnut Standing Desk. Apply at 0
ms mos:
/
Questionable advrta. not W 88 mm
41131111 amuumw and row.
Accounts atproratanatu.
Job Printing ofevery 7%
Hunt; amour a m: m
Healthful Dress for Women.
The great trouble with our feminine
mode of dress is that the warmth is
unevenly distributed over the surface
of the body. The waist, hips and lower
back are much over-heated by the lap-
ping of the upper and lower garments,
while'the head, throat and extremities
are usually only' half protected. To
this cause alone can be traced a great
part of the ill health of the American
women. Women often break down
from over work; but working at a
3,disadvantagc in corset and ' heavy
skirts has a great dealto'do with it.
We cannot do so much nor do it as
wellas we could if public sentiment
permitted women a hygienic mode of
dress. Skirts reaching to the feet are
an undoubted hindrance to free and
easy motion; but as the petticoat is
here, and has come to stay for a long
time at least, we must study ways and
'means for making it as little harmful
as pessible.
3 Eyerybody knows that men owe much
of their good health and success to
their suitable style of dress. Now
what women want is to secule the ben-
_efits of men’ s general mode of dress 1n
their undergarments, using over these
the ordinary dress, in its most sen-
sible form, as the badge of womanly
modesty.
To specify: the first garment put on
should be some kind of a knit union
suit with long sleeves, Which is elastic
and covers near the whole body. Unless
this' IS very heavy and warm, it should
be surmounted by. another flannel
union suit of cloth, at least in this
northern climate. Then should follow
a light flannel skirt; made in princess
style without any heavy trimmings. In
moderate climates,’ there is nothing
better for this purpose than Jersey
cloth; and for cold climates cider-down
flannel. Both wash well, and have a.
knitted web, which enables them to be
fitted perfectly and yet give every
muscle of the body full play. If the
dress is in one piece, so much the
better; if in two pieces sew short,
strong tapes to the seams of the waist
just above the waistline, make button-
holes in them, and place corresponding
buttons on the loose yoke or band 111’
the light-weight dress skirt. The idea is
to have the whole body evenly covered,
with few, if any, bands around the
waist, and all 'the weight depending
from the shoulders. Let the clothing
be as light as consistent with warmth.
——~0-“.-oo
Benefits of a Sponge Bath.
A prominent physician, speaking of
special baths and their uses, mentions
the sponge bath, the form of bathing
where the water is applied to the sur-
face through the mcdium of cloth or
sponge, no part of the body being
plunged into the water. He says the
practice of systematic, daily sponge
bathing is one giving untold benefits
to the follower. 'Leta person, not over-
strong, subject to frequent colds from
the slightest exposure, the victim of
chronic catarrh, sore throats, etc, begin
the practice of taking a sponge bath
every morning, commencing with tepid
water in 11.-warm room (not hot), and
following the sponging with friction
that will produce a warm 'glow over
the skin, and then take a five-minutcs'
brisk walk in the open air. See if you
do not return with a good appetite for
breakfast. After having used tepid
water for a few mornings lower the
temperature of the bath until cold
water can be borne with impunity.
The daily cold sponging of a sensi-
tive throat or lungs will often result
most satisfactorily if persistently and
conscientiously followed. The cold.
ante-breakfast sponge bath should,
however, be avoided by the weak per-
son and the one whose lungs are already
diseased, as the reaction following
might not be strong enough to prevent;
colds which might hasten fatal results.
Another use of the cold bath is to in—
duce sleep, by calling the blood to the
surface; the congested brain is relieved
and sleep comes in consequence. It is
on this principle the winding of the leg
in a cold wet cloth proves so efilcacious
in provoking sleep.
——o-o—.-..-oo——-—-
Some 0111 New York Families.
The genealogical record of some of
the first families is threatened by an
exposure which may make some wince,
but no true American will be ashamed
of ahumblo origin. In fact, there is
but little room for boasting among the
New York millionaires. Peter Gilsey
began as a journeyman pianofortc
maker, and the founder of Cooper In-
stitute first appears in the directory as
“ Peter Cooper, machinist.” The Bre-
voorts were market gardeners. Alder-
man Carman, who left a round million,
was a house carpenter. A. T. Stewart
began by teaching a'small school. The
millionaire Vermilyes were the sons of
asexton of a downtown church. Cyrus
W. Field first opened trade as a dealer
in rags. Lawyer Hummel began as an
errand boy in the same office in which
he is now partner. William Libby,
formerly of A. T. Stewart &. Co., and
now a retired millionaire, was the son
of a Newburg carpenter. The first
Astor that came to America was a
butcher and had a stall in Fly market.
Rufus Story, who is now the millionaire
veteran of Front street, began here as
a hard worked boy in a cheap grocery.
Jay Gould was in early life a clerk in
a country store, and felt that he was
doing remarkably well when he peddled
maps in Delaware County.
__—oo4‘.->O——
Characteristics of the Mule.
It is said that 'a mule cannot bray if
you tie a weight to his tail and hold
it down. This was touchingly illus-
trated in the cavalry movements that
preceded the second battle of Manus-
sas. Gen. Stuart, with a large force of
malty m‘alilnuvering around the re-
treating armyof Pope, got caught be-
twoon two columns of the Union troops,
and was obliged to conceal himself in
a dense wood betweov- two pol-3121101
roads along which the enemy we‘re ’re— ‘
treating. He had tolie low all night
until the columns passed by. Messen-
gers that the Union generals sent to
each other through the woods were cap.
tured and held with as little nuise as
possible. One great difficulty was to
keep the mules in the ordinance and
commissary wagons from. braying, and
thus calling the attention of the foe.
For this purpose Stuart ordered a man
to be detailedto stand by each mule
and whack him with a stick as soon as
he offered to bray; for a mule, like an
oratonreqoires a certain preparation
before beginning his neat and appro-
priate vocal exercises. There is a pre- 3
liminary protest made with the ears,
and certain solemnlties of the nostrils,
an expression of sorrow ovorspreuds
the countenance, and tbenthe tail is
lifted. A bray does not break forth
from theilps of the mole. It beging
way back in the abdominal viscera and
comosgradoally up. Now, as soon as
the cavalry mules began to prepare for
a May, whack! Whackl would go the
sticks. and the bray would be sup-
pressed—and thus all night. It was
said that this was needless severity, for
it would have sufilced to tie a brickbat.
to the tail of each mule.
Norwalk Chronicler