w~v~v~mv W
V V "' V ' 'V'VW‘T‘VV‘VVWWWWVWV v rfivm
“hurts and coast cities, from
' lpeed. Steamers like the Puritan and Priscilla
Still another importantfag
"‘hterests of New-York City
Kite-athers running"
summer months. I
' _, allfor. cue of th -
. T1&000 Egople in a single day between the city.
, In; no landings 8.
' lsntic seaboard.
L mgh character 0
- going qualities.
Martinique, and 'to innumerable other points.
Classified. the companies cover from New-
York to Great, Britain, to Greece,- to
Scotland, to Wales, to Germany, to France,
90" the Netherlands, to . Belgium, to ports
In the Baltic Sea, to Portugal, to Spain, to all
Hediterranean ports of importance; to China
and Japan, to Africa, to Red Sea ports, to the
East Indies, to South America, to’ Central Amer~
lea and "to the West Indies. Combined they rep-
resent a stock~capital of nearly $100,000,000.
The great passenger steamers are one of the im-
tposing sights of the city; but even more so are
the vessels for freight. In addition, there are
me coastwise steamers that ply from‘ the Gulf
‘ " New-England to
florida, and the graceful Sound steamers, which
are crowded during the summer months with
"passengers to and from the cit
hecticut shore of Longllsland Sound. bdany'of
" M trains in their
.. ~l
these steamers rival the express
are lavish in their appointments. and complete
h their practical details. It would be impossible
"bf give any accurate idea of the thousands of
wasting vessels," schooners, etc., that perform
good service in their special line of activity. “The
"tugboats form a fleet of, large proportions and
ponder an incalculable service in towing or seek-
hg (tow, ’ bringing in barges._'aiding in the
light of a fleet of barges, andin many other
tor in the maritime
are the excursion
in‘ all directions during the
n a busy season it is not un-
em to handle from 8,000 to
and Coney Island, Staten Island, South Beach,
‘or any other of the nu
city.-_ Sometimest theyd ’ leasure trip mak
rmore ora aysp . -4 .-
d 600 o t all,~ and often they are used
by charitable‘p'ersons to rrovidefresh air and
recre tion for the mites of
dark;- side of New-York. These boats makelife.
in the city..endurable durin _ .
season, and there ’is nothing like a summer
evening ride down the.bay and: around old Fort
Hamilton, at the Narrows, to Coney Island and
lick, to put new life into the heart and head-
‘ y of the steam‘yacth
V ited States are controlled from' the . -
V“ the Un 'Many are owned in Nevingork
t , and the largest boats in commissmn e ong
2'! ymembers of . the New-York Yacht Club.
The, prominent -part. played in. ,the naval
operations .of, the late war With Spam by. several
1! their construction and sea-
Several of these diminutive
d valuable service in Southern
ormed an equally valu-
g the waters of New-
f large seaport
warships rendere
waters, while many perf
able service in patrollin
York Bay and other harbors 0
cities. .
CREDITS AND WAREHOUSES.
COMMISSION—HOUSES HANDLE“ THE BULK
0F EXPORT TRADE—THEY ARE WILLING
To ASSUME. RISKS WHICH THE
MANUFACTURERS ARE NOT.
In selling goods to the South and . Central
'American countries there'has been a great .dif-
terence 'in methods as between the American
and the ’English ’and German manufacturers.
The questiOn of long credi
ts has been the main
cause of this. In England and Germany the
rates fo
r money are exceedingly low, while. in
this country they are big
h—that is, so far as the
manufacturer isnoncerned.
only ones in the United States who are able to
borrow money at 2, 2% and other low rates.
When the manufacturer wants it for the legiti-
mate purpose of his business he finds that he
has to put up a good price for it. For this rear-,3.
son he is placed at a great disadvantage in com-
petition for the trade above mentioned.
The foreign manufacturer who enters the field
of export trade where long credits are required
goes to the banker and secures a loan at about
2 per cent. With his working capital he is able
to extend long-term credits, while the» money
borrowed from the banks takes the place of the
capital which has now been transferred .to an-
other use. Then, again, the English and Ger-
mans have established banking .connections all.
over the world; and their merchants are given
an added facility for doing business through
them. . . .
The manufacturer of the United States is in
the hands of the commission-houses. This does
not mean that the’ commission-houses are taking
undue advantage of - the manufacturers.- It
means simply that the commission-houses are
willing to take the risk of selling the goods on
long credits and thev’manufacturers are not. If
the 'manufacturers are willing to pay a big
profitto the commission-houses for doing a busi-
ness which they themselves might do, it is no
one's business but their own. It is said by those
who have made a study of the subject that in
the ever-increasing export trade of the country
the middlemen will be the ones to grow rich and
prosper.
As a means of spreading the name and fame
of American-made goods there has been a ten—
dency in the direction of sample warehouses,
several of which have been established in for-
eign cities. The system apparently meets with
the approval of the manufacturers, if reports be
true. The warehouse of the National Associa-
tion of Manufacturers at Caracas, Venezuela,
may be cited as an example. A similar project
is on foot for the establishment of showrooms
In Paris during the coming Exposition. Last
summer» a Frenchman interested in the enter-
prise visited this country, and, it is said, met
with much encouragement. From other centres
of Europe the news is obtained that plans are
making for exploiting American manufactures.
by means of the sample warehouse and syndi‘
ies along the Con-. ,
merousresorts outside the, »
engage to carry a party, x
humanity from the .
g the hot summer .'
ks volumes for the ‘
Speculators are the '
' METROPOIITAN HOLIDAY SUPPLEMENT.
is
\{K
spending over a noontime meal.
necessity,
best‘food materials,
price. His ide
give the great
where for the same money. To accomplish t
sisted upon in every department of
the food itself, the care of every ute
continuous Cleansing of the floors,
lected or slighted. .
7 In 1891 Mr. Dennett secured th
thexfiirst and second~ floors as dining-
ing. At about the same time'he opened two
taurant in Brooklyn, and in 1894 opened a s
Dennett} Surpassing Coffee Company,
then the company has opened two m
time the company manages thirteen di
immediate charge of a local manager,
ager and his selected assistants.
The efficiency of the princ1p
cess attending it. Practically star
pany in 1897, fourteen years later,
cities, supplying the needs
of the several establishmen
and fifty. patrons; and during
nished. _
Some idea of the volu
number of people employed in all the es
the payroll is
The yearly consumption of some of the arti
20,250 pounds;
' STEAM MACHINERY.
PERSONAL STUDY on THE REQUIREMENTS or
FOREIGN COUNTRIES BY NEW-roan
CONCERNS. ‘ . .
In this age the nation which excels in the
handling of iron will naturally developthe most
rapidly, because it follows along the line of
least resistance. The ideal civilization to which
humanity is surely tending, while its spires will
enter heaven, must have a substantial ma-
terial superstructure. The new will absorb all
that is good in the old and discard the deleteri-
ous elements which have caused the. suns. of
earth to groanunder the load of their necessities
for ages. ‘
The nation affording the most ideal .condi-
tions and inspired by an adequate mind will be
in the vanguard of evolution. The United States
comes nearest to this ideal; it has naturally at-
tracted to its shores the progressive and
courageous elements of older countries, and un-
der favorable natural conditions its development
along industrial lines has been phenomenally
rapid, until seventy-five millions of people pos-
sess_’ ninety thousand million dollars of wealth.
At the beginning of the new century the
United States stands in a higher‘position as a
natiOn in the eyes of the world thanever before.
'Its internal solidarity, made possible by the
pate commission-houses. , . . 1
{spontaneous manifestation of the true spirit of
.DENNETT’S ESTABLISHMENTS.
.Dennett’s luncheon-roomshave long been a feature of the eating life of the town. The busi-
ness of the metropolis is conducted-in such shOrt hours each day that there is little time for
Av good luncheon and a quick luncheon became an absolute
and in aiming to‘meet such a reunirement the founder of. Dennett’s system hit upon
the keynote which has resulted in success and wealth. ,‘
- In the first place, Mr. Dennett. deemed it wise to have a fixed idea as to .what he wanted to 2
do and then to carry it out systematically. The-idea was to establish a restaurant where the
properly prepared, might be served in an attractiveman-nerfor'a moderate
a was not to cater to the class which is able to pay for thefilnest service, but to .,
mass of the people better food and better service than they-could obtain else-
his the most absolute cleanliness obtainable was in-
the restaurants, whether in the preparation and service of
nsil and every articlerof plate, crockery and papery, or the -
walls, ceilings. tables, chairs, etc.- Nothing must be neg-
e lease of the“ entire building No.’ 25 Park Row, and opened
rooms, later moving the general offices to the same build-
other restaurants in New-York and his first res- 7
econd place in that city, at No. 353 FUlton-St. I
In the spring of 1895 the business was incorporated and passed into the possession» of the
of which Mr. Dennett is the principal stockholder.
ore establishments in New-York, so that at the present
fferent places in these several cities, each one under the
and all under the efficient supervision of the general man-
Since
' les and methods controlling the business is evidenced by the suc-
ting in 1883 with a small place on limited means, the com-
is operating thirteen establishments, distributed among five
of a large and constantly growing number .of patrons. The capacity
ts is sufficient to accommodate at any one time twenty—two hundred
the year 1897 no less than about seven million meals were fur-
me of this business can be gathered from the following figures: The
tablishments‘ is over six hundred, and the amount of
$265,000 a year. ,There is paid for rent $81,750 a year, and for electricity $36,745.
cles of food is as follows:
butter, 276,000 pounds; ice, 7,414,000 pounds; coffee, 170,112 pounds; tea, 2,800 pounds; cocoa,
chicken, 116,000 pounds; ham. 261.250 pounds; eggs. 185,500 dozen; oysters,
3,920,000; pies, 237,750, and milk and cream. 331,836 gallons.
Bread, 576,000 loaves;
patriotism from all sections of the country, irre-
spective of political differences, br0ught about
. bythe war with Spain,- forms a new bulwark of
strength. An era of unprecedented prosperity
has already opened; up before this country, the
influence of which will continue‘to be felt in in—
creasing extent as the :necessary ‘ adjustment
which must inevitably 'follow’~ the war takes
place. ‘ . , . .
. ,The commercial development of the countries
of the Western Hemisphere particularly has
been stimulated to an enoMous extent, but the
new conditions will affect trade with all coun-
tries. The freeing of Cuba, .Porto . Rico and
eventually the Philippine Islands from the ef-
fects of antiquated administration will necessa-
rily bring in its train the development'of trade
and industries of all kinds in these islands, and
in the case of the Philippines benefit to a con-
siderable extent the trade of the United States
with China and Japan. The attention hitherto
devoted to home affairs has to a large. extent
left wider fields untouched, but now business
men have turned their eyes to the new markets
for the products of American toilers.
The island of Cuba has an area about that
of the State of Ohio, and Porto Rico is equal to
Long Island in length and twice as broad. The
Philippine Islands extend over a sea area of
some twelve hundred miles, and are particularly
rich and fertile; The combined area of Cuba,
Porto Rico, Hawaii and the Philippine group is
one hundred and sixty-eight
brain's, skin and enterprise, and, with.
1‘-Blcycles . . . . . . .....
thousand square A
States of New-York; Pennsylvania and New»
Jersey, the présent ”Mon being about t-
millions. _ . . ~ '
Here are unlimited poulbilities for American
the“
miles, edual to'tl‘ie'Ner-hxlsnd States and 13
gets alludedmtf, or! inducements are ol-
re ,or ra . '
wealth. 1).”: eat and increasin'
Que necessary element in all trade develop-
ment is steam. _ A‘ good steam engine undoubt-
edly solves many dimculttes. It is to be hoped
that prospective. purchase" of such machinery
will not ,be led by considerations in the begin-
ning other than ~thoee'necessary to bring about
the best resultsin the end, and sacrifice tho
features which go to make perfection for tin
sake of economy. . . .- ~ ‘
Frank M._Pierce, president of the Frank ll.
Pierce ”Engineering Company, two years“ It.
went on a ”trip around the world, anda'made
careful investigation of the requirements of the
dimercnt countries he visited in connection with
the development 'of steam and electrical‘enter-
prise. pther manufacturers have been pursu-
ing. a.s1m11ar course, and as a result New-York
occupies a foremost place in the export trade. in
machinery. In this way American manufactuh
ers areeable to‘ anticipate and supply thé‘de-
mands of different countries with thelatest and
most improved appliances. The building 0!
steam engines and boiler: is .an art; and the
best setting of them and applying them to their
proper use is a science. New-York concerns are
expert. engineers and sellers, and the e
:busmess transacted by them has brought about
, ‘thebest results for the purchaser.» ' ‘, 1
———e——
GROWTH ' by EXPORT" TRADE. '
STATISTICAL oomARrsorz ormrs Tn:-
EYES OF AMERICAN HANUFACTURERS .
TO THE GREAT sTRIDEs mn- . ;
IN FOREIGN SALES.
In considering the subject of American export
trade, statistics reveal in a most emphatic way
. the great strides which this country has been
making. And of all the principal seaports
Greater New—York looms up in‘ the foremost
place by reason (If the importance of its com-
merce. For the year ending June 30, 1898, the
imports of the country were~$616,050.654, and tin
exports 81.231.482.330, leaving a balance in
favor of exports of $615,431,676. This was a
‘ record-breaker. In 1893, the panic year, the
balance was in favor of "imports by $18,735,728.
In .1894 this. condition, was reversed. '. and a
balance in favor of exports was shown of $237,-
145,950. This sum was the largest export,bal-
ance ever shown up to that time. It was ex-
ceeded in 1897, when the returns showed’ the
country to be acreditor to the amount of $286,-
263,144. The statistics for 1898 show ,the re-
markable degree to which all Other records are
cast in the shade. For the nine months ending
October 1, 1898, the total exports from Atlantic
ports alone amounted to $633,432,366, as against
545,07 4,916 for the same period of 1897, and
486,260,682 iii-1896. Of this commerce there was,
for the nine months of 1&8, $344,126,491 shipgg
from New-York, as a nst $298,381,486 -in.1
and $271,182,588in 1 The constantly grow-
ing foreign trade is shown by a. comparison of
'the‘ commerce of the last three-years, and this
in spite of the war with Spain, which fora time
threatened to interfere-with commerce on "the-
seas. The articles printed here are selected as
showing the general character which the export
blisiness is assuming. _ -
Exports nine months ending September 30:
Articles. - 1m . 1397... 1898.
Agricultural implementa..$4,227.195 $4,845,927 $8,184,331.
145,438 5,900,320 , 725
Clocks and watches.....--
Glass and.glassware.
798,37. 7 832560-
Builders: hardware... '
...'.'I 4.505.987
Electrical machinery. .... . . —- 373,119 1,652,659
Metal—working machinery. -’——— 890,724 4,091,233
Shoe machinery .......... —-——- 164,309 . 718,290.
Locomotives . . . . . . . . . . .. . 2,581,763 2,319,428 4,337,693
Typewriters . . . . . . . . , . .. . 250,362 1,101,474 1,535,591
Jewelry . . . . . . . . . .i ....... , - 510,518 572,003
Boots and shoes. . . . 1,158,831 1,224,069 1,432,098
Musical instruments. “1.782 ' 902,446 1,078,933
Oiicloths ........... . . —- 7.422 24,530
' Paints ................... 011,305 787,403 834,165
Paper ................... 2,101.7“) 3,109,512 4,341,301
Manufactures of silk ...... 184,0” 174,107 ,787
Soap ..................... $2,077 921,597 ,045,388
Toys .................... 91,194 77,294 136,188
Wires ................... 536,306 455,025 649,401
Note—Articles where no figures are given for
1896 were not separated prior to July, 1897.
from the general group, ’ .
The foregoing table does not contain the rec-
ords of breadstuffs, provisions, cotton or other
raw products, which represent the major por-
tion of American exports, for the reasonthat it
has been compiled as an illustration of the grow-
ing trade in manufactured goods. Markets are
being found in all parts of the globe for the
latter. American agricultural implements enjoy
an ever-increasing demand from Great Britain,
France, Germany and Russia, the increase in
annual sales being of marked importance.
Mexfco and South America have been large
buyers-with Argentina and Brazilin the'lead.
Taking stove polish as an example, it .is of in-
terest to note that the export sales in 1898'for
nine months have been 546, as against
7.
$53,637 for thesame period of .1897. .Clocks and *
watches _ are shipped ~ in large numbers .to. Eng-
land, South Americe... Japan, China and Aus-
tralia. In ‘1
cordage, twine and other-articles fmade from
vegetable fibres and textile grasses increased
their export business from,
$2,058,120._ American steel rails, Lhavin‘g'been
successful -in competing for favor’ in Europe.
Mexico, theWest Indies, South. America,»-’Asl_a
and. Africa, are now increasing—their sales by
great leaps, having advanced in sales. from .
$1,891,724 in 1897 (for nine months) to $4,465,087
in 18 American machinery-is'winning fresh
laurels every day, and with assiduous attention
bids fair to control the markets of theworld
someday, and the same may be said of hard: - '
ware and builders’ tools. 'The exports of. irOn‘
and steel and .the manufactures of iron and
steel have increased from $34,549,290 for. the
first nine months of 1896 said $45,693,384 for, the
same period of 1897 to $59,990,665 for 1898.,
These figures tell their own story. .One by one
the. long list ofmanufectured articles shipped
from the various ports of the United States
might be taken up. If this were done -it would
show that American foreign trade gives promise
of developing more rapidly than that of any
other country under aggressive and wise man-
agement. The American manufacturer has
reached a point where he is able to give foreign
trade the attention it Great opportuni-
ties open up to him The mistakes of the past ’
have been corrected, and experience has taught
him wherein he has succeeded or failed. Those
who have never entered the field ‘of foreign
trade‘can profit by the example of those who
have. For the instruction of all American man-
ufacturers the article in another column which
tfiatsindetailotthenlflect wmbeetgreet
' u / '77 _. _, . - » a
898 .the manufacturers of- bagg.
$1,719,907 in .1897 to.
Norwalk Chronicler