v v vwwvvwv~vvvv 7 v Vfi~v V'v‘vvv ““1 v Vfi‘v‘v‘vfiv 1 1:15 3?! IRON, AND STEEL '“RVELLOUS' RISE OF- EDEN UNITED“ STATES AS A PRODUCER IN THESE WPAC’I‘UBE S. ”BEEN-TS or: ran srroA'rron BY ENGLISH Au- MRI-rms—Imanmo srrA'rIs'rIcs BEAR— " ' mo 0N ms SITUATION—IMPORTANCE ~ ' on AMERICAN COMPETITION. The commercial relations of the United States ~ are undergoing a. rema1kab1e charge, and the . last tWel've months have witnessed a more rapid . development than was apparent for some time 3 .was about 12 ,000.000 tons, of which 50 per cent} was supplied by Great Britain, 14 per cent by . 'the United States, 12' per cent by (Elerinalry'..19E ' "per cent by France and 2% per cent by Sweden. ' By 1896 the total productiOn had been raised } spast- There was a- time when the United Btif‘e'si .c31ie'f claim to‘ commercial distinction was the fact that it was the world’s granary. The year 1898, Mwever, has not only seen a : remarkable increase in agricultural exports, but the eicp’a-nsicn' as well of the sale of manufact- ured products has increased to such an extent . that in certain lines Americanemade goods have practically monOpollzed the markets of the World. This has been done, too, in spite of restrictions of various kinds intended to impede the United States in its competition. ,V The secret of the steady growth of the export business is found in the superior quality of ’ American goods, sold at little. it any, additional cost to the consumer. The impression which existed- abroad for many years that the high wages paid- in the United States would prevent our manufacturerstroni: competing successfully has been. dispelled: The fact is that the greater produoing capacity of the American o'peratiye with the aid of labor» saving machinery enables cur manufacturers to produce many articles at less cost than similar Vproducts can be bought for in European coun- trlésa The American exporter is therefore able to meet his foreign competitor on nearly equal. terms, and can frequently undersell him. The reports of consular officers present many striking evidences of the increasing popularity : February, "130me no ct United States manufactures; This is espe- ., cially noticeable in anh thing's as iron and steel,», ‘labor-saving machinery and tools, electrical sup- . : plies, locomotives, bicycles, etc. _. : NOthwithsta’n‘ding' the enormous gain in- e'x'év .5 ‘ port of agricultural products. amounting to: nearly $74, 000,000 for the eight months ended'r 189.8; as compared wifll the. aame aperiod of the preceding fiscal year. the per:- i 2centage of exports of manufactures, is com- : } pared with total" exports, shows a' decline of only ' 1.52 per cent. During the eight months of the» fiscal year 1898 there was an increase in export!- ‘j of manufactures amounting to $6, 474‘, 245. The rapid rise of the United States as a. pro: ducer of iron and steel is little about of mare-3' ve11_o.us In 1870 the total pig-11 on prod‘oct of the world to 30,000,000 tons to which England ‘and- the 'Un-itcd States contributed 29 per :ent; Germany, 21% per cent; France, 8 per cent, and Sweden. - 1% per cent. . The statistics of the exports and imports of this country in iron and‘ steel products are like- Wise interesting. In 1860 these Imports amounted to $71,266,299, and the exports 15} $14, 716, 5244.. Within ten years’ time the imports had fallen”- to $41, 697, 501, while the exports had reached the ; remarkable figure? of $25,542,208. In three years our exports exeeded our imu ' ports, and since that. time the balance in our ; favor has increased steadily,- as may be seen from the following table: sIniggts. EXPOrts. . ; 1- .................. m 829220.264 1895 .................. . ..... E23 0433153211009. . 1896 ........... . ...... ........ 41 100.877 V1897 ............ .1e.094551 911497.87 . 01303.. ........................... 12‘, 615, 913' 10. 361.527 : ' In other words, in 1880 the United States 1111- ' ported five times as much iron and steel prod- .ucts as it exported. To-day we export» five and a half times'as much as we import. There can be only one meaning to this phe- nomenal gain; the products of American iron and steel are finding their Way ac’rcss- both the A '9 .‘thflnv x E - THE LEDGER BUILDING, »— I' Spruce and William 313, ”The Ledger Monthly," which. issues from the Ledger Building, at Spruce and William sts,l NflWrY'Ol‘k. aims to meet the large demand for a richly illustrated magazine for popular read! his - tlons, it is. truly one 0:; the marvels of. this age or printing. 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E} V‘- -A. “v vvvv v 'vvy 7"- of the freshlycut flowers. “ii I“ ' for sale everywhere. . in registered package, to any address. -Or, upon receipt of one DOLLAR AND A HALF, a large bottle (1% oz.) of any one of'tthesc perfumes will be sent. postage prepaid, w-— One drop of En. meo’s metessenccs will yield the fragrance of awhoie bowie: Ell. Pillows tantrum: rum mum Hill. ' 1 En. mum's WSSENGE 11,9111 walls last. , in 1111111113 0111115831195 mm 1ng in PWS 01111151315191 10111211 m 1111. 5.111111: 11111591111011- 1111111 11011111. . . ‘ '_ ~ _- ; En Plflllllll’s unmesswlcs 119m 109x11 owls. 4 , tn. PINAUD’S uuwltssnct 110111 15111111. I. ‘ , These refined EXTRACTS FOR THE HANDKERCHIEF are Apply to 46 T EAST 14TH ED PlNAUD’S Importation Office, NEW YORK. STREET tory in quality and price. Some- time ago the explanation offered by the . English technical journals for the steadily in». creasing. exports of American iron and steel to Great Britain was that these transatlantic con- tracts were taken below cost,‘_ either for the sake of the advertising they were-supposed to effect or in order to keep the works running full time, the manufactui'er depending upon his domestic orders for profits. “The London Engineer," which certainly cannot be‘afccused of excessive friendliness to American methods or enterprise, definitely rejects this explanation as untenable. It says: ,, Now and again we hear of steel and iron being sent from America to the Old World, but the explanation usually given is that this is simply “bounce," or by way of advertisement on the part of the United States manufacturers. “It does this country no good ” said a leading Sheflield manufacturer, "to ignore the truth in this way. At this moment the American is sending over in the regular way of business heavy consignments of steel. True, these are mainly in the cheaper grades, but the time will meme when they will be sent over in the costlier qualities.” He mentioned that a single firm in London is now receiving United} States steel at the rate of nearly two hundred and fifty tons per annum. American steel, he added, being sent into Birmingham in very large quan- tities. It is mainly used for bicycle work. In bright drawn steel for bicycle purposes for nuts, screws and bolts, or anything that can be made in large quantities by means of automatic ma- chinery, the American steel is preferred, not merely by the manufacturer who finds it lower in price, but generally by the workman, as its uniform temper enables him to work it. smoothly right through with considerably less wear on the tools. That the influx of steel from America is not mere bounce or advertisement is evident by the concern shown by some of our manu- facthrers. Vale Steel Iron and Coal Company,-Limite_d. Wales, one of the directors Stated- that there would be anxiety for some time to come -in con- nection with the steel works. owing to the new appliances and the improved methods in Amer- ins and on the Continent, as Well as the keen- ness of competition. Another dire'ctor,w11o is also a director of a large steel concern in Shefiq field attributed the serious 11911le of' depression which had fallen upon. the 'EbbW Vale steel works to the flow of steel from Amsrica into this country. That “The London Engineer” is by no means the only one to recognize the importance at American competition is evidenced by the fol~ laying extract from an editorial which appeared in “The Ha1 aware Trade Journal" (London) Great Britain will have to. make up its mind to see a good deal more of the American in our markets than has been the case hitherto Trade is at present so. good in the States that. all avail- able productivE passer is required for home, (161 moods, but several manufacturer friends who have just returned from the States, where they have been on business, tell our Shemeld corre- spondent that the manufacturers there are so largely increasmg their output that they will promptly orertaké home requirements and enter vigorously 11an European markets. “You will 'Atlantlc and Pacific, and are proving satisfac- is also, , At the last meeting of- the Ebb“. .soon have us we: mong you, " said one large producer to 3 Sheffield manufacturer, “and. I . will show you several of the lines in which we intend to do business.” These lines included bright drawn steel and all the cheaper grades of steel, brass rods, files, small malleable iron castings automatic machinery for all purposes. steam (india—rubber) hose piping and other goods. These were invariably from 25 to 50 per cent cheaper than the prices quoted in thin country. It will not do to say the quality is inferior, for at two establishments in Sheffield. Where American articles are being used in increas- ingly large quantities, the workmen prefer both the raw steel and brass suitable for working in automatic machines and alSo the files and the malleable iron casting-s. It is quite clear that -American competition is going to be far more sevele than it is at present. . _ ———'——'—-¢———=—,—— UNFULFILLED EUROPEAN PROPHEC'IES. London correspondence Post. to repeat the history of the brothers Vaiensand and Honorius in 395, Who were re'spectively SI]: Caesar's Roman Empire?” This is the conun- in the London papers of believers in prophecy to-day; and the Book of the Revelation, as well fashion to furnish an answer. The charm about r this particular kind of conundrum is pelennial as may be judged from the similar one which was being put just a decade ago. 1 It is «Easily—ten Years since. to the day, that 11; this column .I drew attention to an exceed.- ingly uncheerful gathering which was then 1111* mediately promised for London. That was “a. prophetic conference." at which it was to be pean revolutions" would take place, changing- tWélltY three kingdoms into ten. Britain at same time was to lose Ireland and India, sling become subject to F1 ance ”previous _to the rise of the Antichrist Napoleon as King of Syria. and his seven years’ covenant with the Jews on 31131111211534" For the further affriglit of the timid it was foretold that this Nap01eon would massacrel “millions” of Christians between A11; «gust 14 1117,9511 January 26, 901—2. cheerful process, which was to be preceded by the ascen: sio'n of 144, 990 “living Christians without dying" on March 5 1895 I do not seem to remember that these fores- costs have been fulfilled; and, therefore, one may}! be pardoned a doubt in. the present proph.~ that “Prince Louis Napoleon is to be the fol. E1321 of the prophecy in Daniel vii, 24.01? the germatlon of an invincible Allied Confederacy of' the countries of Ceesar? 3 Roman Empire pre- figured by the ten.- horned Wild beast—viz, France attended to the 'Rhine. Britain, Spain (with Portugal), Italy, Austria south' of the Damibe. Greece. Egypt, Turks .Sypia separated fro'm’. Turkey, and' the Unite Balkan State's." Ten years hence it will be as interesting to obs-.1 serve its fallacy as it is now to. expose that of 4 die prophecies a; ten years since. I of The Birmingham- . "Are the brothers Victor and Louis Napoleon‘ Valentinian in 364, and the brothers Arcadius‘ ' ' preme over the eastern'and western halves .ot' drum which, by advertisement, is being asked' as of Daniel, is being invoked in the customary- explained. by means of maps, diagrams and' texts of Scripture. that between 1889 and 1891: “the greatest and most dreadful wars and Euro, ‘
Norwalk Chronicler