TEE— NORMAL» COLLEGE. .1
Owing to-the rapid growth of theficlty and the
auction of newscliools, the demand‘foradn‘lisr
’ film: to this'coliege has steadily increased. Last _
wring .fourteen hundred candidates, mainly
from the public schools, presented themselves-_
I! examination, and 891 succeeded in obtaining
flu‘rr-equired average of 75 per cent in seven
filterent branches of study. and were there--
flirt entitled under the law to the privileges of
the institution. There only being room for six
hundred, new accommodations were provided
by converting the old calisthenium, lunchroom,
depository and moulding rooms into recitation:
rooms. As :the Board of Education was unable
to Supply 1 the pressing demand for teachers all
necesstul applicants were admitted. About 60
liar~ cent of 'the admissions are usually gradu-_
led, giving to the city at the proper time, from
list year’s enrolment, 534 teachers. Year after
year the attendance has grown, despite all' ef-
forts to keep it down. The questions for ’ex-
umination have been made more and more dif—
fiuilt. The female grammar schools rwere all
prepared to meet the most severe requirements.
In 189] the average attendance was 1,603; for
the present year it is 2.088, an increase ’of 485.
The whole number enrolled six years agohwas
1.766; this. year the number is 2,413, an in-
crease of 647. When the commodious college
buildings were erected in 1873, the Board ex?
pected that it would accommodate 1,200 stu-
dents...,l§_low; it, contains more than‘double the
number; For'twenty y'ears 'no'instru'ctor in this
”Degenhelow the rank~ of professor has been
appointed except by ,‘lcom‘petit’ive examination,
hence .,the standard: exacted is. most. rigid and
thorough, and 't‘he"faculty staff of the ablest
ability-J-and'taflent.’ ' ‘ . -
The'iaW' of. 1895 requiring all normal and
training schools and.._normal, departments of ,
colleges' to devote the' last "thirty-eight Week‘s oi."
the coursé'" to ‘the art “and science 'of teaching
compelled the faculty to recommend to the
Executive Committee such progressive changes
in the curriculum as would 'sati‘sfy the. State
Superintendent of Schools. After two inter-
views with the agents of the State Department
of 'Education an agreement was arrived at by
which there would 'be‘ a progressive change of
studies‘suc'h as would enable both the normal
and academic departments 'of the college to
graduate teachers for -the public schools. At
the same time a new course of study for the
common schools of the city forced an additional
alteration‘of‘the programme. More time and
greater attention were demanded for manual
training. By employmg three additional tem-
porary teachers, and giving instruction in some
of. the lighter work after college hours, the
faculty were able to carry out the requirements
at the Board-‘ in the letter and in the spirit.
The pupil—teachers must be, normally trained
to‘ teach: whatever is taught in the public
schools. >The course of study comprehends the
following departments: English, including litera-
ture, composition, rhetoric, history and political
economyya‘ncient languages, including Latin and
Greek; modern languages, including French and
German;,mathematics, including algebra, ele-
mentary? geometry, :, trigonometry, analytical
geOmetryrandacaICulus; natural science, including
botanyg‘rphysiology = and .. physical geography;
physical:=science,. including chemistry, natural
philosophy ~rand astronomy; mental science, in-
cluding psychology,~logic and history of philoso-
phy; pedagogy. including the history, science and
art of smanual, intellectual and_ moral teaching
of school-government and of school discipline:
drawing,«including drawing‘and modelling and ,_
including ,’ _ _.
the ,artgofugeachingqboth; .music,
chorus-singing, the science of music' and the
’ art of teaching music. -~
Number of students .in classicaf'course, 1,357:
,number,_ of students in: normal course, 1, 6,
number of students immanual training course,
21; number of students in kindergarten course,
8:I number of students studying. Latin, 2.393;
number of students studying French._.1.593;
' number of students studying German, 799; num-
ber of students studying Greek, 1. .
There are sixty instructors presided over by
Thomas Hunter, LL. D., the president of the
college, who .is also professor of psychologyand
pedagogy. To his superior administrative quali-
fications, extensive culture and educational abili—
"ties are due the extraordinary standing and
reputation of the. college.
THE NEW-YORK INSTITUTION FOR
THE BLIND.
The charter for the New—York Institution for
the Blind was obtained in 1831, and. as therein
stated, it was established “for the purpose of
instructing children who had been born blind,
or who may have become blind by disease or
accident."_ It is intimately connected with the
school system of the State, and is a member of
the University of the State of New-York. Under
the consolidated school law of 1894, this school
was delegated by the State to do its educa-
tional work for this class'of children. The syl-
labus prescribed by the Regents of the Uni-
versity is followed in almost every detail, while
' some branches essential to the course are added,
thus bringing its work entirely up’to the highest
standard exacted of the educational institutions
of the State. The education of the blind pre-
sents more difficulties than are met with in any
other department of education. Although the
subjects .are the same as pursued :in other
schools, their usual methods and appliances are
not available, and the work must be carried on
in darkness. Methods and means have to be, de-
vised, adapted to their peculiar needs, entailing
untold labor, patience, time and ingenuity. That
the measure of excellence enjoined by the State
should be directed equally toward the blind as
well as those not bereft ofx'that sense seems lit—
tle short of marvellous. ~Yet such is the case.
and, what is more surprising .still.:the examina-
tions, covering a period of from 1891 to 1896.
conclusively-show the standard of proficiency in
the New—York..lnstitution for the Blind to be
fully equal to the average} of all, the public
schools:<in.the..State, a. summary oftwhich is as
follows: For the New-York Institution—Number
ot- papers claimed, 666;,papers allowed, 67.9; re-
hcted, 7; per cent rejected. 5.14; yearly average.
.For all schools in the State—Papers
claimed, 1,013,084; papers allowed. 910.897; re-
Jected, 102,187; per cent rejected, 48.72; yearly
average, 9.74._ Thus, in the academies and high
Ichools nearly 10 per centwere disallowed, while
h the former less than 1 per cent. The subjects
comprised reading, _writing, spelling, grammar,
geography, arithmetic, geometry, Greek, United
, States history,” New-York .YZState history, ‘civlcs,
physiology-land. hygiene, physics. English‘com-:
position and‘rhetorlc. As the 'rules governing
the examinations are rigorous, and asthe blind
student'prepares his answerjpapers‘ upon a type-
wri-ting machine, and cannot see his work as it
proceeds. the testis much harder than for those
-who can see; Such efiiciency and interest can
only be inspired- by its live, enthusiastic and
energetic body of teachers, and its capable su-
perintendent, Professor-William B. Wait, who
has continuouslypresided over the school since
1863. To the latter‘s persistent and indefati-
gable labors in inventing new methods, new al—
phabet, new models, new machinery for tangible
writing and printing—especially the kleidograph
(key ~-writer) which prints with remarkablerfas
'cility the language letters of the blind, and can
be manipulated with a dexterity equalling the
rapid work of our numerous typewriting ma-
chines—~13 due the great success and prominence
.of the Institution. He is also the author of nu-
merous textbooks for the blind, which are stand-
‘ard authority in this and other countries.
Broadly speaking, much of the education ’of
new name ‘and' placed its management in a
. <.'
. MEI-‘ROPOIITAN 119111.!)sz SiIPPLEiIEM.
’ r1114? -NEW:YORK“'rRA1NiNd Sunroof,
. - 10012,, DEAGONESSES... . .-
"The bacon “Q! DeaconeSSes"" "passed by the"
General convention of the Protestant Episcopal ‘
Church in October, 1889, provides that'every
candidate for the ofilce, before she is set apart,
shall have had “an adequate preparation for her
work, both technical and religious, which prepa-
rationrshail have covered the period'0f two
years." . . ' 7 .. ' . . '.
With a view to meet this provision the Grace
House Training School for Deaconesses Opened
in; 1890, under the patronage of 'the' rector ‘6;
Grace Church. The school was: under the) imé
mediate care of the Rev. Haslett McKim, whose
services 'were gratuitously rendered, and who
was assisted by a staff. of ten teachers. [The re-
sults of the first year prbved so satisfactory
that the‘promoters' incorporated it under the
._v—
surance Company.
clubs.
pliances,‘along with an oral presentation; hence
the task of the leaders in such education is one
of,constant perplexity and. development. The
New—York point system, representing the alpha-
bet, originated with Professor Wait, and stead-
ily grew in favor, and at the first meeting of
the American Association of Instructors of the
Blind, held at Indianapolis in 1871, was adopted
after a full discussion and recommended to be
taught .in all institutions for the education ,of
the blind. The school has adopted a syllabus‘of
music, including the piano and organ and all
theoretical subjects. *- . ‘ ' *
Seven of the students. under most rigid ex—
aminations in technique and theory, covering
four sucCessive days. have earned associateship
in' the American College of “Musicians; one has
earneda- fellowship; one has passed the severe
examinations necessary for admission to the
American Guild of Organists, and three have ac-
complished nearly all the work leading to the
degree of Bachelor of Music from the University
of the State of New—York, and it is. expected
that they will have fully earned this degree by
the close of this school year. These achieve-
ments bring this institution distinctly into view
as a professional school under the classification
of the University. > 7 _
The jndustrialand manual training depart-
ing as is best adapted to the Condition of the
blind. From the, kindergarten through to the
college preparatory‘is included nearly every
lion in the United States for a thorough educa-
tion. The teaching staff numbers twenty-five;
whole. number of graduates, about 1,700; aver-
age attendance. 200; capacity, 225. Many sub-
stantial contributions and legacies have in-
creased the permanent endowment fund, and
therenis yet room for many similar donations
.‘from_publlc’-spirited citizens of ample means." ’
.. : DAVIE-S.'- ; “ , .
Among the representative lawyers ‘of-INewl-York, ‘Julien T. Davies, the senior member of .
the firm of Davies, Stone & Auerbach; occupies a prominent.“ place. , 0f. illustrious ancestors,
from whom descendedupon him themantleaof unusual legal acumen andahility, he has,» .bY-
. his, own personal achievements, added to the lustre of his-nama- '
' f' . " .‘JULIENL T.
Mr. Davies ‘was- born in New-York in 1845.
Justice of the Supreme Court and- Chief. Justice-of the Court of Appeals. of the State of New- -
York. He reCeived his education at Mount Washington Collegiate Institute, New-York,- and
Walnut Hill School, Geneva. He served with distinction in the _War ’of the Rebellion, and
was graduated from Columbia College in 1866; he received the degree of LL. D. from Columbia
Law School in 1868, and A. M; from the College in 1869.‘ Having been admitted to the bar, he,
formed a partnership in‘ 1867 with Richard: M. » , '
Upon the death of his father, Mr. Davies succeeded himras a trustee of the Mutual Life In-
From that time to the present» he has acted as counsel for that great cor-
poration.‘ He was engaged by the Manhattan Railroad Company in the litigation over property
claims, and acted as the receiver for the firm of Grant & Ward under Court appointment.
He was also one of the founders of the Title Guarantee and Trust Company. Mr. Davies has
always taken a‘great interest in tax questions, and as presidentof theTaxReform Association
rendered many valuable services. He has repeatedly appeared before the c‘ourts’in arguing
some of the most important cases of the last decade. -' . V '
Mr. Davies is a member of the Union League, Metropolitan, University, City and Players’
'Harrison. « * - >
these people must be done by symbols and ap-
- under competent guidance.
mcnt is doin s lendid work. ivin such train- '
g, p ‘ g g ' " required forgraduation at high schools for girls.
feature offered by any private or public institu-"
He is the .‘son of-"the- late Henry -E. -Davies, --
Board of Trustees, and gave-the Bishop of. the
diocese the right of nomination in the filling of
all vacancies in the Board, to'relieve the insti-
tution of the suspicion of being a merely paro—
chial undertaking. The aim of the school is to
send out. graduates thoroughly equipped .to be
helpers of the parochial clergy in their mis-
sionary and charitable work. With this end in
view, careful instruction is given in the Holy
Scriptures and in the Book of Common Prayer,
also'in church history and elementary theology,
with special reference to the higher grades of
Sunday—school teaching; also in cooking for the
sick poor and nursing them in their own homes.
Three months of each of the two years are de-
voted tothe actual and daily care of the sick,
Extra studies are
also provided for those who may elect them.
Candidates for admissiOn must not be less than
eighteen years of age, and if under twenty—one
will not be received (without the written consent
of parents or‘guardiansy Thirty—five is the
maximum limit of age, but applicants older
than this may be admitted, under 'special cir-
cumstances, at the‘dkscretion of the dean. Un-
less provided with certificates of graduation at
approvad schools or colleges, candidates must
May 1.
_ ..wome-’ "i-‘e‘sideiltilii’ new-York'aiid its vicinity
' ' may~-take::speclal coax-seam: study-at aichs'rge
of $112- for,each..cours_e-._ef;one...hour.a ,weekx ‘- - 1
The regular-schoolyear. extends from the first
«Wednesday in‘QctOber‘ to“ the last day of'fA'p‘ril.
,In‘sbruction is-gii'en in the‘departrhen'ts of Old
Testament stu'dy,‘ N ew Testament study, "theol- 1
ogy, church ,=his’tory,. liturgics, history of , this-
:the art'of teaching. ,
,The life~_of the Home forms an important part
of the training, and: has been so- planned as to.
dej’filop “in, the ;s_tuden.ts .the self-discipline and
spiritual strength necessary, ina deaconess. The
rules that govern, the' household "are few. and
Simple. Loyal-obedience to ‘them is a require-
ment of the school.~ . ‘
~'Thos.e that have a fondness for study and take
an active interest impersonal religious work. and
executive .. and administrative ability 'are best
fitted for the workgrequired. v * .
At the head of the faculty are-the'dRev.‘ Dr.
William R Huntington, wanden; the’Rev. Has-
lett McK1m.‘dean, and Miss S. T. Knapp, house-
refined and attractive, while the schoolroom and
libraryare in the parish-house of Grace Church.
No. 4.15 East Thirteenth—st.
. —————+———-———-——- *'
ST. JOHN’S .CO'LLEGE, .FORDHAM.
This institution is situated in the extreme
northern section of New-York City. ' -
The property was purchased» in 1839 for $30,-
000 by Bishop John Hughes, then COadjutor
Bishop of ‘NeW-York. 'In' addition,‘$10,000 Was
spent .in fitting out the place for college pur-
poses. 'This’ money wasvraised‘ with much dim;
culty. by contributionssecured in this country
. and Europe, and by means-of. small-loans. The
‘ entirelackbf.:financial-resourcesihas been ohar- --. ..
acteris’t'lc ore-the college" in. through the years or-
;its-existence. It has ‘ne‘ver'had ’anyu'e’ndowment _
. ~~fund; and-the ~' donations ha'velbeen .rare and
,- 'small._ I-It-‘has depended =en~tirelyon theuincome-z
received. from the students' tuition. In this view
thegrthh and development of the college have
been marvellous. - . . . . ..
The college was formally opened on June 24,
1841. During its'early history it had 'a brilliant
.. gathering of men for its faculty and directors.
Its founder, Bishop John Hughes, later the first
Archbishop .of .New—York, was distinguiShe'd
alike as a churchman and a patriot. The Rev.
John McCloskey, later Archbishop of New-
York, and. the first American Cardinal, was the
first president; 'The Rev.- James _ Roosevelt
Bayley, later Archbishop of Baltimore, was the
third president; the Rev. David Bacon, later
Bishop of Portland, was 'a director. The faculty
includedthe‘Rev.'Ambrose Manahan, a distin-
roy, later Bishop of Albany; the" Rev. F. P. Mc-
Farland, later Bishop of Hartford;_ the‘ Rev.
Bernard ‘McQua‘id, present ~BiShop .of Rochester.
passed .by the New-York Legislature,‘ raising:
the. college to: the. rank of a universiltyf Wit-Nth:
power tgjgrant all 2 degrees .usuall-y. "granted by'
"legewas purchased by the" Fathers of the So-
ciety of Jesus for the sum of. $40,500.31? Sub‘Se—
quently, upon the removal of the seminary 'in
park purposes ‘ .
acres. Immediately .adoining, on the-east, are.
of the newly started New-York Zoological Gar-
dens, also in Bronx Park. A .mile‘ tothe west
flows the Harlem River-,and further away the
Hudson River. The country for miles around
is most picturesque. The climate is notably
healthy. Vast reaches of lawns, rowsof noble
trees and rich farmlands surrounding the col-
afford the seclusion necessary for a seat of
learning. The buildings are vast, roomy and
ances. -
'St. John's College includes three departments
under the same management: The college,
which furnishes the usual four-year course of
Arts.
study of the English, Latin .and Greek .lan-
guages and literatures, and rra‘he'ratics. French
and German and chemists:v or “dried in certain
‘” devoted to
classes. The last,'cr senin'. :.c..
the study of philosophy. ”L-lil'di, moral and
natural.
The‘acade'mic department, which furnishes a
three-year course of studies, so graded as to
form a preparation for the college course.
- The grammar department, intended for young-
er sludents, who are not prepared to begin the
study of the classics.
The method of instruction followed in all the
classes is that prescribed by the “Ratio Studi-
orum” of ‘the Institute of the Society of Jesus.
It was 'the'result of fifty years of experience
and ”‘1‘“"VPYlF-Y! and has been "'ch in Jesuit
schools for on re than three hundred years. ‘
The aim of St John's College. is to afford a
complete liberal education by developing and
training the mind and heart. It is not merely to
supposes that in business life, no less than in
attention. application, accuracy. These habits
are developed and strengthened by the c0urse
of studies. Though the college does not under-
take to instruct the student in actual business
mind as to enable him afterWar’d to" learn such
Tpass an'examination equivalent to that usually
practice With double facilityand prec'sion, and
{to carry 'into business life an increased mental
It is intended. ‘9 raise the standard or- admission-l. activity and formed habits of; Orderliness.
as circumstanCes 'will allowhthe desire being to l
secure for the female diaco’n'ate‘omy women of a
high grade'of intelligence. A physician's-certifi-
cate of general good health is imperative. For
students living in their ownhomes in the city
definitely intending to become deaconesses there
is‘ 'no charge, either for instruction or textbooks.
For those who live-at the school home, .St.
Faith’s, No. 228 East T,welfth.—st.,=the charge,
coVering' all costs. is $200, payable in equalin-
The _ college, moreover; being under - catholic
direction, makes it a prim'ary‘duty to instruct
l'Catholic Church. This instruction is not ob-
truded on non-Catholic students. but discipline 5
requires that they be present at the usual pub- ,
lic services‘in the college chapel.
‘ The college library contains 30,000 volumes.
There is also a circulating library of over seven
thousand volume- ‘ ' - - .- .
have shbwn that they possess in fair measure ‘
mother of thes‘chbol home. .The Home is very »
g'uished priest and writer; the Rev. John. J. Con- .
any__ other university. In the_~_same'lyear__'th'e ,col_-.. , .
The college. estate now embraces seveniyw'fiVeT‘i'r ,
leg-e buildings present an ideal rural scene and ~
substantial. equipped with all modern appli- "
studies leading to the degree of 'Bachelor of'
The instruction consists in a systematic ,
prepare young men for professional studies. It -
the professions. a young man needs habits of ’ '1"
practice, it does urdsrtake to so discipline his
.,i
augments, on_'_'§ovember_ '1, February 1. and ’
sio‘ns, hygiene, Greek Testament (elective) and v ‘
u ..... ti,
.-.
,..
On'April 10, 1846; the act of incorporation-wash", .
, 1860, that portion was also purchased'éfor"the‘"‘=
additional sum of‘ $45,000, making an aggregate‘“? ~-
of 2585.500. Since-then more-land'has-tbeem-aéPi.
:quired, but about thirty acresfiofithétoriginaf'» -'-
the grounds of the New-York- Botanical _: Gare -“’-
dens, in Bronx Park; on the south, thegrounda” " '
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Norwalk Chronicler