Evening gazette, Tuesday, November 29, 1898 · page 22

 

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'mlrable facilities!“ both passenger and freight
service. . ' - -_

The Illinois Central acts asp-an outlet forthc-
agricultural regions: of the Central States," and-
it stands in the same, relation to the State "of
Illinois as the New-York Central'does to the
Empire-State. Its' service is excellent, and,‘with
a. g00d roadbed 331‘} a fine equipment of'rolling-
stock. its popularity isever on the increase.

The. most important of the New-England
roads which find a. terminal in New-York is the
New-York, New-Haven and'I—Iartf‘ord Railroad,
which lands its passengers at the Grand Central
Station, in Forty—second-st. The main line of
the road, from Woodlawn to Springfield, is, 122
miles, and. it operates many'branches, with a
total length a: all lines used of facsimiles. On
March‘ls, 1807, the Shore Line Railway was:
fully consolidated into this company. The roll--
ing stock consists of 681 locomotives, and 14,577
cars of all kinds. The road passes thrgugh
many of theimportant cities'of' Connecticut and
Massachusetts, and its annual business is ‘of
generous proportions. ' -

Thousands of passengers tra
through the great Northwest over the Northern
Pacific Railway, the lines of which extend
through a country notable for its scenic
grandeur. The main line begins at‘ Ashland,
TVis, and terminates in Tacoma and Portland,

re., a'dista'nce of 2,137 miles. The total length
of the lines owned'and operated by this road is
4,540 miles. With allthe leading properties in
the United States, this railroad is showing at
the present time a flattering increase in earn-
ings, with excellent prospects of a continuation
of the same. _.

The main line of. the Chicago and Northwest-
ern Railroad is 492 miles long, and extends from
Chicago to East Omaha. 'It has other divisions
and branches covering 4,538 ’miles. Tapping
many of the leading cities of this section of the
country, and with its lines running through a_
fertile territory, it is small wonder that the
road has been popular and successful. It oper-
iates locomotives to the number of 1,010, and
' the total number of its cars is 35,911.

. No name of all those which grace the boards
of the Stock Exchange has greater Weight in
the world of speculation than St. Paul.‘ It is
looked "upon as the standard‘of 'merit'and‘the‘
leader of 'the granger list.
waukee and ‘StfPaul Railroad, which is its full
title,‘ runs from ChiCag‘o to Minneapolis. It
operates a total length ‘of 6,150 miles of track.
The company operates 826 standard gauge 10—
comotives and 7 narrow—gauge ones. The total.
number of cars on the's'taudard gauge is 28,413,
and on the narrow gauge,‘325.5‘lt has always
been considered a good dividend paying prop-
erty, and, during the presentlfall, the directors
by a vote placed it upon a permanent 5 per cent
paying basis. Its terminals in two of the great
Western cities give it a great advantage, both
in the passenger and freight trade.

A SOUTH—“IESTERL' ROAD.

Among the roads which have been developing
and growing during the last few years is the
Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad Com-
pany. It runs through a rich portion of the
Middle West, with stations in all the leading
cities. The return of prosperity in Kansas, Ne-
braska and other neighboring States has great-

vel annually

‘ ly added to its increase in earning power during

the last twelve months. All told, it operates
6,435 miles of tracks, with nearly a thousand
locomotives and a grand total of 28,629 cars of
all kinds.

The Norfolk and Western Railway has its
terminals at Norfolk, Va.., and Bristol, Tenn,
passing through a. section of Southern country
upon which Nature has showered her richest
blessings. Superb scenery greets the eye of the
passenger at every turn. Fully equipped to
meet ever requirement of modern traffic, the
road is easily one of the most conspicuous of the
Southern list. Operating over 1,500 miles of
lines, it engages annually in both a passenger
and freight traffic of flattering returns.

The Long Island Railroad operates one of
the most successful lines in the vicinity of the
metropolis. With its terminal in Long Island
City, reached by ferry from the New-York side
at convenient points, the road is kept bu'sy in
carrying the thousands who, during’the sum-
mer. seek pleasure and recreation at Coney Isl-
and, and the hundred and one delightful sum-
mer resorts on the island. The road has excel-
lent facilities for handling the .vast crowds
which swarm to and from the city on busineSS
bent each day.

On the general condition of the railroads of
the country the Commissioner of Railroads, in
his annual report recently made public, said:

“When the industries of our country are ac-
tive and business is good, railway traffic is
large and the masses of people are employed.
This is the condition of our country to-day, and
it is almost an ideal condition of National pros-
perity. In the railroad situation we have the

spectacle of roads which only two or three
years ago were in receivers‘ hands now paying
dividends on their preferred stocks, and piling
up surpluses, which, in the course of a very
short time, will be distributed among the com-
mon shareholders. The physical conditions of
our railroads, generally, are better than ever
before; they are better equipped, both physically
and financially, than at any time in their his-
tory. Many railroads which in 1893, on account
of stringency of the times, were forced to cut.
the salaries of officers and employes 20 per cent,
have voluntarily restored the old basis of wages.
In April, 1894. receivers controlled in this coun-
try 210 roads, embracing about 20 per cent of
the total mileage of the United States. On June
30 of this year there were only 119 railroads

__in the hands of receivers, and it is safe to pre-
dict, under the present conditions of prosperity,

that within another year the list- of insolvent
railroads will be as small as it was in the years
immediately preceding 189 "

_ moreover,

The Chicago, Mil--

FLOUR ’ AND GRAIN.
nn-Mltrtitnnnn Gnow'r‘rr of? THE Enron?
' TRADE. ‘ -

 

"s’rAnrmrvo FIGURES _WHICH. snow- UP .138
INCREASE or NEW-YORK’S
IN BREADSTUFFS—CHAR-

M'An-VELLOUS
' COMMERCE
acrnmsric _.FEA’£‘URES on THE
WORLD’STGREAT FOOD
“ITEM.
1 Sir W'illiam'Crooke, in his presidential address
to the British Association at Bristol recently,
pointed. out the fact that wheat is the most
sustaining food grain of the great Caucasmn
race, which includes the peoples of Europe, the
’United States, Canada and the white population
of South.,Africa,, ,Australasia, South America
and many European colonies. ~
The individual consumption of wheat has,
increased steadily. In Scandinavia
it has risen 100per dent in twenty-five years, in

Austro—Hungary 80 per cent, in France 20 per,

cent and in Belgium 50 per cent.

. In 1871 the number of bread-eaters in the
world was 371,000,000, and in ten years the
number had risen to 416,000,000. In 1891 the
figures assumed 472,600,000, and at the present
time the number of bread-eaters may be placed
at 516,500,000.

To supply this number of persons. if each were
to have a. normal ration, would require a total
of 2,234,000,000 bushels. . ,

The total supplies from the 1897—‘98 harvest
aggregated about 1,921,000,000 bushels, and the
deficit of 403,000,000 bushels is explained by
pointing to the disappearance of the surplus of
over 300,000,000 bushels that existed at the be-
ginning of the present year.

With these facts in mind, it is interesting to
take up the results of wheat planting in Amer-
ica since the first handful was given to the
soil, in 1602, on a'little island in Buzzard‘s Bay

Since that time the fruit of the old Puritan in—
dustry has multiplied and been carried west-
ward witlran increase far in advance of the
‘ratio of population. The surplus” has poured
back over the ever-lengthening lines of trans-
portation to the metropolis of the East.

SOME LARGE FIGURES.

To say that 7,123,135'barrels of flour were re-

ceived at New-York City during the year 1897
conveys very little real knowledge ‘of the magni-
tude of 'the quantity to a mind not trained in
statistical computatiOnS; but fancy a. train of
fifty thousand loaded freightcars, a train 'over
three hundred and'fi,fty miles long, reaching out
along the line of the'New-York central Railway
nearly to Rochester; and the great volume of
the annual receipts of flour at New-York'City
cannot fail of appreciation. Yet this only a
little more than half measures the tribute of
the Western wheat fields to the commerce of the
metropolis, for to the receipts of flour must be
added 38,445,250 bushels of wheat received dur-
ing the same period, enough to fill 45,000
freightcars, and lengthen the train over three
hundred miles, on through Buffalo and Cleve-
land, and yet forty miles beyond. Then the
fertile plains of Kansas and Nebraska gave up
only a. tithe of their plenty, and added 39,636,—
895 bushels of corn to the flowing stream of
grain, 40,000 cars, extending along the lake
shore for three hundred miles, to a. point within
thirty miles of Chicago, only to be still further
augmented by 54,624,126 bushels of cats and
more than 10,000,000 bushels of rye, barley and
malt. .
To move this mass of produce, upon which
New-York City and Great Britain alike depend
for sustenance, would require 4,300 locomotives
and the employment of 26,000 men in the capac-
ity of conductors, engineers, firemen and brake-
men, and for every day of the year it would
mean the arrival in New-York City of 470
loaded freightcars, or twelve trains of nearly
forty ’cars each. .

From these figures the general mind may be
able to realize the vast importance of the buslé
ness in breadstulfs in this city. It is a. business
whose magnitude is little appreciated, as a. rule,
because the enormous daily arrivals are. divided
among a. dozen great railway trunk lines, be-
sides the large percentage that comes in by way
of the Hudson River, by the coastwise steamers
from the South and by the canals.

New-York City forms the mouth- of a. great
funnel through which constant streams. of grain
and flour flow for distribution by great steam-
ers bound for the English Channel, the Mediter—

ranean, the Spanish Main or far-distant Cape
Town. By no means a small proportion of all
the vast product pauses by the way in the tall
elevators that guard the shores of the North
River, or in the warehouses that stretch for
many miles along the Brooklyn water-front.

NEVV-YORK'S SUPREMACY.

It is worthy of note that. with the beginning
of the errportation of flour was laid the founda-
tion of the commercial supremacy of New-
York. In
granted to the citizens of New-York the exclu-
sive privilege ofbolting flour and shipping it
outside the provinces, .and forbade all other

alty of forfeiting their'charters. The act con-

persistent efforts of other towns to share in the
benefits of the trade. The. act was supple-
mented by a further grant tO-the citizens of
New-York of the sole right to pack flour and

make bread for export. .The weight and price
of bread were also regulated by the same act.

 

to the commerce of the port carried the gross,

Isixyears of the continuance ofthe monopoly,
.and pushed. New-,York to that foremostposition.‘

advent of improved milling machinery came the

weighed and mixed by the power ofcsteam.

. sand bushels per hour.

1688 Governor Edmund Andros-

towns to engage in the business, under the pen— .

tinued in force for six years, notwithstanding -

The impetus which this protected industry gave '

 

f its annual, exports. from, $10,000to
more than $30,000, increased the number of
ships from three to sixty, and brought about the

value

BREWING THE .__

 

.—.__.‘

building of ,six hundrednew houses- during 2‘11?“ HISTORIC FEATURESOF A-rBIGsIleUSTRI.

 

in the maritime and commercial world .of Amer— I"mm PfiRE—BEER AGITATlON ANDAQDISCUssn'fl

ica which it has, maintained. to this, day.

With the increase of the export business came
a rapid growth of the facilities for storage and
rapid handling. The modern elevator took the
place of the old-fashioned warehouses. where
gr,‘ was piled up in‘ sacks and had to be
ha, led, a sack at-atime, by hand. Withthe

methods by which grain is ,stOred in bulk in”
deep bins and moved from bin to bin, cleaned,

The old, cumbersome methods have‘been‘r'eé
placed by steam shovels fer unloading cars,
belt and bucket elevators, steel screw conveyers
and automatic scales. ,

As the‘business of the railways developed the
number of elevators has multiplied: A descrip-
tion and the number of elevators in the port of
New-York will be found elsewhere in this issue.

The greater part of the transferring of grain
to vessels in the harbor is done by drawing it
out from the warehouses into canal-boats, which
are then towed alongside the vessels and the
grain transferred through floating elevators, of
which there is in. the harbor a. large fleet, some
of them having a transfer capacity of ten thou-

GRAIN ELEVATORS.

 

AS THE GREATEST ATLANTIC PORT FOR EXPORT
SHIPMENT. NEW-YORK HANDLES IM-
~~MENSE QUANTITIES OF
BREADSTUFFS.

The wheat crop of the United States-for 1897
was estimated at about 500,000,000 bushels, of
which some 200,000,000 bushels was demanded
abroad. The shipments of this enormous bulk
taxed the capacity of railroads and grain-carry-
ing vessels on the lakes, of canal—boats. and
ocean steamers.

0f various routes: to the seaboard. the one
via. the great lakes from Chicago, Duluth and
other distributing points to Buffalo, and by the
Erie Canal to New—Yerk, is the cheapest. .Here
the successful handling of__a large part of this
important business illustrates more potently
than any other a'rgument the facilities in this
direction which this city affords, where the
work of elevating is done both speedily and
economically.

There are at present about 700 vessels en—
gaged in; carrying grain on the lakes, the
newer ones‘ having a. capacity of over 100,000
bushels," while one, the Empire City, carries
180,000 bushels in bulk. considerably more
than any ocean steamer. The new steamers
make the trip from Duluth to Buffalo, a. dis-
tance of about 1,000 miles, in four days. Buff,
falo is one of the greatest grain ports in the

world, and with the railroad and canal facili—
ties New—York is a. natural point to which the
grain shall be transmitted.

With the improvements in the Erie Canal
completed, the new steel boats will be able to
come all the way down the lakes to the Hud-
son and alongside of the steamers in New-
York Harbor without shifting their cargoes.
The following table furnishes a complete list
of the floating and stationary elevators at this

 

port, with their storage and transfer'capacity:

0]? 11‘s Mann‘s BY, A, mutant}, BREWER-j.
EXTENT OF LOCAL MANUFACTURE AND'
THE SALE OF FOREIGN BEVERAGES.

History relates that-the first brewery .built in
New-York was erected by Wouter-fYan Twine:-

more. than two hundred-"and thirty'years ago.

Without dealing with the reminiscences ofthe
industry, which contain much to interest and in; -
struct, it is sufficient to mention that the first.

brewer‘was Successful in building 'up for him?

self worldly riches, and from that day. to this
those who have followed in his footsteps have
accomplished similar results. ' As a. popular bev-
erage beer has kept pace with the growth and
developmentcf the city, and from the single
brewery of Van Twiller to the one hundred and
fifteen or more of the present day they have
been appearing as fast as the population re-
quired extra supplies. The annual capacity of
the New—York breweries at the present time is
more than sixteen million barrels annually, to '
say _nothing of the 'quantity imported from.
Europe, and the product of breweries of other
cities of the United States sold in the metropo-
lis. Both in'the nominal capacity and in the
actual output of its breweries this city is the
greatest beer~producing town of the United
States. '

For the sake of illustration it might be casu-
ally mentioned that the annual quantity of beer
produced in New—York each year would fill the
big stone Murray Hill Reservoir, at Forty-sec-
ond-st. and Fifth-ave, once a month throughout
the year. If this is not sufficient to stagger the

.reader it might be added that 21,000,000 bushels

of malt and 15,000,000 pounds of hops are annu-
ally required in the manufacture of the bev-
erage. The aggregate investment in the brew-
ing induStry in New-York City has reached
many millions of dollars, and constant employ-

,ment is given to not less than 50,000 people;

22,000 horses and wagons are employed in hand- '
ling the raw material and the finished product
to and from the breweries. »

YWhat becomes of the 7,500,000 barrels of beep},

that are annually produced in New-York Gig/13,;
A competent authority, in answer to that quefi-lr:~«

tion, repliedi “New-York City drinks it.” '9}:

the 1,826,000 gallons of foreign beers imported so

’far this year into the United States, about 70

per cent was consumed in New-York City. , In
addition. there was an indeterminate quantity
of domestic beer consumed not made within‘the
city. These items are estimated to about equal
in the aggregate the quantity of New-York-
made beer shipped to other points of consump-
tion, leaving 7,500,000 barrels as the average
annual consumption of the city. Reduce that

quantity to the more familiar basis of measure—
ment and it equals 232,500,000 gallons—or, say,
3,720,000,000 glasses—or 1,240 glasses annually
for each one of the 3,000,000 men, women and
children that may be considered as living. within

Floating and Stationary Elevators at the Port of New—York.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

STATIONARY. .; * . :5? f?)
I -_ ' _ Storage Transfer
NAMES OF OWNERS OR Names of Elevators. Location. Capacity, Capacity
MANAGERS. « .. Bush. per Hour.
N w~York Central 8. n (N O

iludson River R. R. Ele— . .

vator. Alfred Skitt. Man— > N. Y. Central & H. R. Ru}— Foot 60th st, N. R., N. Y.

ager, 1 and 3 Beaver road ...................... City ................... . . .

street .................... . 1,500,000 60,030
Erie Elevator, D. D. Aller- .

ton, Manager, 106 Prod— Erie Elevator. .. . . . . . .... .. . Jersey City. N. J. . . . . . . . . . . 1.500.000 50,”

uce Exchange ............
Pennsylvania R. R. Ele— L

valor, 8 Broadway ....... ‘ Pennsylvania it. R. . . . . . . . . Jersey City, N. J ........ .. . 1.50am 50,000

Y s R. R. Elevator, ’ , .

“Vesgehgziien N. J ...... .: _ West Shore Elevator ....... Weehawken, N. J. . . . . . .. . .. 1,500,000 60,”
' ' Watson Elevator No 36 ..... . l
, Robert Stores No. 37 to 40 Furman st. near Fulton 1 14m»
. inclusive ................. st., Brooklyn ............ J
. Woodmff Stores No.07 to 10 '
_ and 73 to 74 inclusive. .. . Foot Joralemonst., Brooklyn. 12,”
Columbia Stores No 84 to 86
a inclusive- ................. " Atlantic 3L, " 8,000
, Dows’ Stores No. a) to 97
inclusive ........... . . . . .. “ Pacific St. " 24,000
Iron Elevator No 149 ....... " Degraw at. " . 14.000
Pinto Stores No. 163 to 189
inclusive ............. Atlantic Dock. " , 12,000
Brooklyn Wharf and Ware- MastteS’ Store: No 207 to .. ' " 21,000,000
house Company. '1‘. Au 214 inclusxve .............. " , 6,000
McIntyre, President. . . Nye Stores NO- 215 m 2% ln—- " n
, Fclusilvo . .. . ...... . ..... . .. . "
rank in Stores No. 22¢ to . _ 7.000
235 inclusive .............. 7 fl. "
/_ McCormick Stores No. 236 to ' .
o 244 inclusive .......... '. . .. u n " 12.”
Laimbeer Store No. 250 to n »
255 inclusive ............ .. " " 12.”
Excelsior Store: No. 210 to “- . l
289 inclusive....,..,,,_”” ‘ " ' u 8,“
. Board’s Erie Basin Stores . . , -
- No. 352 to 387 inclusive. .. F030: V83 Brunt 8%.. Erie ,
.............. . . . . . . . _ 16.00
s. w. Bowne ............... L Rowe’s Stom- .. ..... -. Gown“: Can-fl- Brooklrn- - . moon , 3.00.
S! V. Trl p a 00.. Foot , , "

W'estThilz‘ty—fourth street. . Tripp 3 --'-'---->---u------ FootWestS-fih 5:” 13.11%. m.” 4.”
w. H. Payne, Foot East F0“ 3*“ 129m 3%. N- Y: , ,

129th street ....... ....... Payne's .................... Cl ..,..,...,...,.,,,,,_,,._ 1%” 2.5).
E. M. Van Tassel ...... . . . . . Van 'Tnssel’s. .. . . . . .... .. . .. MWest 11th 11-. N.Y.City. 4W.“ zoo.

,BeyerS: Morgan............. Beyer‘s .. ..... ............. F0“ T3310? sh, Broom-o MW 5.”

" " " Morgan P00! East ave" Hunter’- .

_ FPglgt..téa..............‘.. 55.” 6.5“,
N idl' & s........... N 'dl‘n er &. Sons.......... 00 as St. N-Y- City. 475.000 ,1 3.500
TFB."'11‘€$:ddl‘es.o.xE ..... . ...... T§lw51§'s ............. . . Foot East 48th 8L, N. Y. City. 125.000 1.500
Clark & Allen ............ Clark & Allen.............“.. Foot East 26d st. N. Y. City. .‘ 30.000. 2,000
Shaw & Truesdell, 2d street 4 '

an d ' owacus Canal, Shaw 6: Truesdeu........... 2d st" and Gowanus Canal.

Brookl ................ Brooklyn .................. 100,” 2.”
The J. c. Watson Company.. The J- 0. Watson Company. Foot 135th st. East River. . , ‘ 40.000 4.."
George E Ketcham & 00.... Central Mills............... 63d street and 11th avenue" $0,000 2.5“
Brooklyn Elevator and Mill-— .

ing Company ............. } Brooklyn Elevator........... go“ North 1m32$¢,13-§}y§_ . m”. g“
Horace] ersoll............. I ersoll’s .................. 40—644 West a , . .

ng 113 City ....................... 50,0” 2,”
FLOATING. ,
7 Storage Transfer
NAMES OF OWNERS OR NAMES OF ELEVATORS. Canton}. Capacity
, MANAGERS. ' _ _ Bush. , per noun.
, Josie Mildred. New York, Republls. Ceres, Antwerp. each _ ,
8,000 bushels..........................................-.. ......... 40,”
International ElevatingCo.. Bolivia, Renovator, Egypt, Havre, Liverpool, each 5,000 '
E. Burgess, President, 101 bushels ........................................_....... l0...... 5,“
Produce Exchange. .. . . . . Continental, Eldrede International, Manhattan, Russia.
. . Somerset, Excelsior, each (.000 bushels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . ... 2.1M»
. Empire State, Columbia, each 10,000 bush .............. an»... 2.0“
. White & (10., Foot

ngy Séroeet.u.B!O°1;ly§Hd-‘-; "what” goo-1..oucolloolluont-Io-oonooooooloooltooo‘ Too-01.no- 6.”

. mo ' , . - -

street..............~,..... Actl". Geom Mme—vhflnl'l."It.I‘IIIIEIIIIII'Cltlwl‘IIl,‘E i:pgmio'o-¢’_ .T.mi'

Tom-o-dnonoloboib‘hocor:a'nooogo‘o’bolouofioltb_oooboobobaoooi bofioooooooonooooonN. 30,075.” M

 

ER. HEAD;