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THE EVENING
iTHE CENTE'NARV or VINEGAR'HIEE
Recalling the Deeus 01 one Irish Revolu-
tion of 1798.
‘~.“At noon on Oulart’s moss- -clad heights
Loud rang the musketry,
‘And Wexford flung upon the foe
Her peasant chivalry.
lFor vengeance nerved the patriot’s sarm
And DOinted where ts strike."
311011 Was the spirit in which an old
ballad records the Irish insurrection
21013 1798 which some have described as
1 [the last expiring shriek of Irish free-
dom against English class oppreSSion-
It is well to make the charge of 09‘
pression against “the governing
c__1asses” rather than against England
as a. nation, because it is onlY very.
lately that the people of England Ob‘
tained the right to rule their own coun-
tl‘Y‘, and it is but simple justice to say
that ever since the masses of EngllSh‘
men wrested their freedom from a rul-
jing ring of nobles, they have been no—
1:ny undomg the past and making the
relations of England and Ireland more
sweet and kindly. It is not, therefore,
in any spirit of hostility to England,
ior to the English. people that the Irish
patriots will this summer hold appro‘
priate ceremonies to celebrate the gale
jiand stand of the peasantry a century
'ago, against the laws which crushed
the Irish people and who, strange to
relate, numbered about 4, 700, 000 then
as now. The Irish have not numeric-
ally increased in Ireland during the
‘past one hundred years, but they have
improved in wealth and in education,
and they are now in the enjoyment of
more political rights than were their
fathers in '1798. A hundred years ago
the condition of Ireland was utterly
:wretched.‘ The people had no prob-
arty, no political rights, no schools, no
manufactures; they were mere renters
at the mercy of a body of taskmasters
planted among them and whose lands
they cultivated for the bare necessi-i
hies of existence. -
1 Their natural leaders had been
,driven out of the country after the
1Hanoverian wars, and thus is furnish—
icans, that the names of an O’Donnell
as Duke oftTetuan, or a Senor Morct
‘d’Prendergrast now occur respectively
as Ministers of Foreign'Affairs or of
the Colonies, in the dispatches we read
from Spain. These are the descend-
ants of Irish gentlemen whose estates
Were confiscated in the numerous wars
for the conquest and subjugation of
Ireland, and of which train of events
the rebellion of 1798 was’thé' sequel and
the natural consequence. '
. The rebellion of .1798 was, however,
the revolt of a freedom-loving Protes-
tant democracy touched into explosion
at sight of the hbrrid wrongs of a loyal,
brave, and ,oppresscd Catholic peasan-
try. It was also as much a} conse-.
quencc of the action in 1776 of Jeffer-“
son, and Washington, and Adams, as
was the French revolution of 1793.;
Though it fizzled out during the sum-l
mer, when the year 1798 opened therei
were nearly 600,000 of the 2,500,000 011
males themin the country enrolled in a‘
secret non-sectarian organization, and:
pledged to die for their native land?
But the Government found means to:
disarrange this formidable organize-l
tion.’ They succeeded in sowing dis-‘
trust between the leaders and their
followers. When the peasantry were
drawn away by the Government prom.
ising Concessions—that substituted
Maynooth College for the old House
of College Green—these Ottoman lords
turned upon their brave and faithful
leaders who were hung. imprisoned, or
exiled. Only three out» of the thirty-
two counties therefore came to the
front in the rebellion, but in these the
peasantry fought bravely; and Wex.
ford, Oulart, Vinegar Hill, New Ross,
and Ennis‘corthy remain in Irish song.
and story to attest what a. change'
might have been Wrought in Ireland
had the united Irishman, North and
South, stood together in 1798. The
rebellion was timed to take place inl
March 1798, Ulster agreeing to furnish:
110, 000, Munster 100, 643, and Leinsteri
55, 672 men. 1
.The Government, hoWever, having
capturedthe leaders stunned the chief:
end of the revolt so effectually thatl
the great body of the people did not!
rise at all; and hence it was in coun«'
ties where no preparations were made
and no promises given that was seen5
the most gallant struggle fOr Ireland’s
liberty. The people who did rise'were,
armed with pikes for the most part, ai
primitive sickle-shaped weapon with a"
long handle and which was utterly in~‘
adequate to contend with the sabres of
the yeomanry. Others had old flint-1
locks, but by far the larger proportion:
were armed only with pitchforksd
scythes, or any available weapons found;
around a farmyard. That the peasan-
try could make any defence whatever
against British power under these cir-l
cumstances is marvellous, particularly
as the insurgents were not always able'
bodied men, but were recruited from
boys, old men and sometimes even wo-
men. Yet at VinégartHill and Oulart
the King’s troops fared as badly asat
Concord or at Lexington. At the lat-
for place the royalist troops’attempted
to dislodge theoinsurgents whovskill-
the soldieiy. For this purpose the in-1
surgents withdrew behind an embank-i
ment and raising their hats upon the
handles of their pitchforks a little over'
the level of the embankment, the sol-
diers, mistaking the hats for‘heads.
fired over the fence or into the field
beyond. As soon as the soldiers drew
near the embankment fancying the
Irishmen were all killed, the latter
sprang up and simultaneously dis-
charged a few weapons they had into
the faces ~of the red coats with tre-
mendous effect. Then with a wild
cheer the main body scaled the em-
bankment and wielding pike and
scythe, blade and pitchfork, they soon
discarded the attacking regiment andi
. “311”“ .‘ug
'ed the solution of the puzzle to Amer-1
secured from the soldiers more for—
midable weapons.
No less dexterous and brave was the
conflict at Vinegar Hill, where envelop-
ed in smoke and flame both sides
fmightyaliantly, di‘Sputing every inch
of ground, the same position being cap-
tured and lost by each party in suc-
cession. An English observer of this
battle says: “A small number of them
(the Irish) only had fire-arms, but the
Dike-men, wonderfully tall,
Strapping, able fellows, fought with
their pikes in the most furious and
stout, '
AZETTE
Feeding an Army. _
Uncle Sam’ 5 bill for his 186, 000 so!-
diers is over $30,000 a day, and if the
war keeps up for~ a. year it will reach
the fine figure of $15,000,000. The old
fellow is feeding more
there are people in Jersey City or New-
ark; more than the total population of
Colorado or West Virginia. This, of
course, doesn’t take into account the,
thousands of men employed as civil-
ians by the War Department, or util-
ized by it in transporting and issuing
the food. Many of these men,'too, are
desperate manner, thrusting at the 501- | fed by the Government.
diers who had much ado to parry With
their bayonets aftai having fired and
before they could 1e load."
Better arrangements could have
shown no braver spirit. For three
weeks the rebels held possession of
Vinegar Hill, making it- the base of
their operations, and from which
strategic position they commanded the
t0wn of Enniscorthy. Field glasses
were not in vogue in ’98 and in all en- ;
counters between the patriots and the
forces of the Crown, the bills were
strong objective points.
”In Antrim too there were some still
brushes between the Presbyterians of
the North and George the Third’s mill-
tia, and in one of which engagements
a grand uncle of President McKinley’ s
fell nobl y fighting, the sept of the Mc‘
Kinleys, of Dervock, being among the
staunchest patriots of the period. It
is one of the sublime romances of his-
tory that in the first centennial year
after the passionate resistance by An-
trim Presbyterians, of the cruelties
perpetrated by the last Marquis of
Cornwallis in Ireland, the grand
nephew of the patriot, McKinley, is
president of the greatest nation of the
world; and the same power that ruth-
lessly executed the ancestor, is now a
suppliant for favors from the descend—
ant! Such are the chances and
changes of realms; such the fortunes
of retributive time,
Rank in the Navy.
It will be of considerable help to re-
member that milltary and naval rank
correspond in this way:
Admiral (when the office is created)
to general.
Vice admiral (when the ofiice
created) to lieutenant general.
Rear admiral to major general.
Commodore to brigadier general.
Captain-to colonel.
Commander to lieutenant colonel.
Lieutenant" commander to major.
Lieutenant to captain.
Lieutenant, junior grade, to’ first
lieutenant.
Ensign to second lieutenant.
Considering only the two
grades now actually held, the number
of officers in eachsince 1882 has been
six rear admiral
The present rear admirals in order
of seniority are:
_William A. Kirkland, commandant
oftthe Mare Island Navy Yard, San
Francisco, retires July 3, 1898.
Joseph N. Miller, commanding Pa.-
cific‘ station, retires Nov. 22,1898.
Montgoinery Sicard, on duty in the
office of the Secretary of the Navy, re-
tires Sept. 30, 1898. ‘ .
Edmund 0. Matthews, president of
the! Naval Examining Board, retires
Oct.’ 24, 1898.
IS
Charles S. Norton, commanding
Washington Navy Yard, retires this
year.‘ ’
. Francis M. Bunce, commanding
Brooklyn Navy Yard, retires this year.
Officers of the navy may be retired
on, their own application after forty
Years’ service, and those above the
rank of lieutenant commander must
retire upon their reaching the age of
62.' Those below that rank are re-
ftired for physical or mental disability.
The Day of retired naval officers is
three-quarters of their sea. pay Of the
rank they held at the time of their
gretirement. At sea a rear admiral
:receives $6,000 a year; on share duty.
$5,000, and on leave or waiting orders,
184,000. Commodores are paid $1,000
less in all three lines of employment.
; Retired ofiicers of the navy cannot
[be assigned to active duty except in
:time of war, and the purpose of the
Administration so far has been not to
assign retired ofiicers in the army or
navy to field or sea duty, but to let
these posts of danger be held by those
still on the active list. Of course,
’such work as the command of the mos-
quito fleet along the coast is expected.
,This has been given to Admiral Er-
ben, who was retired four or five years
ago.
Until the second .year of the civil
war the highest naval rank was that
of captain, though generally the title
'of commodore was given to a flag ofii-
,cer who commanded a squadron. In
1862 the rank of rear admiral was
icreated by Congress, and to this grade
:were appointed Farragut and three
other active captains, and about a
:dozen retired captains. In 1864, for
his capture of Mobile and subsequent
successes, Farragut was appointed to
the newly created rank of vice admiral,
and later D. D. Porter and Stephen C.
1Rowanwere given the same rank. Af~
Eter the war ended, Congress went a
step further, and made the grade of ad—
imiral, and to this grade promoted
gFarragut and Porter. There was a
{special provision of the laws creat-
iing admirals and vice admirals’ which
[caused the grades to die with the men
holding them. When Porter and Far-
lagut vacated their commissions as
vice to accept the higher office, it left
waan the only 1131 der of the second
place and upon his death in 1890 the
lofiice lapsed. Farragut died in 1870,
leaving Porter sole possessor of the
commission of full admiral, and upon
his death in 1891 both grades were
vacated until Congress shall revive
them, perhaps, for the heroes of this
war. -
Clancy-Phwat do yez t’ink av thot
fer a. parade?
Cuey—Shure, an’ it beats th’ Dutch!
highest '
and ten commodores. .
1
By buying in large quantities, the
cost of the army ration is brought
down to eighteen cents a day, which
is about as cheap in price and a great
deal better in quality than the ration
of the Bowery lodging house. Then,
to the eighteen cents is 'to be added
four cents for the transportation and
issuing of the food. This, of itself, for
a year, would cost,$2,715.600.
The army rations for one day for
this vast body of soldiers amounts to
605,895 pounds, or nearly 303 tons. For
a year the enormbus total would be re-
quired of 221,151,675 pounds, or over
#110,575 tons, which means that a ton
of rations costs $135. In the army ra-
tion area dozen constituents—bacon,
hard bread (which is hard tack, or
Crackers, six inches in diameter),
beans, potatoes, coffee, sugar, molasses,
vinegar, salt, soap, candles and black
pepper. This ration is about a third
less in quantity than that served by
the State of New York to its soldiers.
Notwithstanding, there is such an ex-.
cess in ‘the quantity of the Govern-
ment ration that by drawing a commu-
tation of rations in money, other kinds
of food can be bought according to the
needs or the taste of the individual
companies. ,
A regiment, including only the sol-
diers, eats more than a. ton and a half
of food a day. In measure of weight
this seems a good deal, but when the
cost is considered, it is ridiculously
small—six cents a meal for three
square meals a day, or about $180 for
an entire regiment.
Every day the army consumes 69
tons of bacon, and in a year, 25,458
tons. Any butcher can tell how many
hogs it takes to turn out this item in
the ration.
A pound of hard bread orhard tack
and a pound of potatoes go to each
soldier once a day. A year’s consump-
tion of potatoes would be 1,131,500
bushels. The whole army eats 93 tons
of each a day. Beans are highly nu-
tritious, more so, in fact, than pota-,
toes, and 93 tons, baked and in soup,
are consumed by the army every day.
Butter is not a, part of the ration, but
sugar is, and of the sweet seasoning as
much is Supplied as of beans.
The army recognizes but two stimu-
lants—coffee and tobacco. Tobacco is
not a. part of the ration, but the Gov-
ernment supplies it at cest, The cof‘
fee, if well made and served‘hot,’ will
go as far as any article of food to-
ward ‘cheering up the soldier in the
early morning, and before going on
guard at night, as well' as when com-
ing off his post. Each'day the army
uses 7 tons of coffee, and in the course
ofayear, 2,715 tons. Sugar, but no
milk, goes with the coffee, though
milk, like- butter, and other articles
called-luXuries,“ can be had. through
the process of commutation of ration-s.
‘ ' v 2; rm: . -*
He Will Kid Own Beconimondation.
When a merchant had hired an of‘
fice boy, one out of fifty applicants
who answered his advertisement, 9.
friend asked: “How did you come
to Select that fellow, who didn’t have
a single recommendation?"
“He had a‘ great many," replied the
merchant. “He wiped his feet when
he came in, and closed the door after
him, showing that he is careful; gave
up his seat to that lame old man,
showing that he is kind and thought-
ful; he took off his cap when he came
in, answering my questions prompt-
ly and respectfully, showing that he
is polite and gentlemanly; he picked
up a book which I had purposely laid
on the floor, and replaced it on the
table, while all the rest stepped over
it or shoved it aside; and he waited
quietly for his turn, instead of push-
ingor crowding. When I talked to
him I noticed that his clothes were
carefully brushed, his hair in nice or-
der, and his teeth as white as milk;
and, when he wrote his name, I no-
ticed that his finger nails were clean.
instead of being tipped with jet, like
those of that handsome little fellow in
the blue jacket. Don’t you call these
things letters of recommendation? I
do, and I would give more for what
I can tell about a boy by using my
eyes ten minutes than for all'the let-
ters of recommendation he can give
me.”
The selection proved a wise one.
The incident shows that a mother
who is teaching her boy good manners
soldiers than '
all comers. Th’
MR. DOOLEV ON THE WAR.
Pays His Respects to the Army and It.
ponders.
“Well ” Mr. Hennessy asked, “how
goes th’ war?”
“Splendid.‘ thank ye.” said Mr.
Dooley. “Fine; fine. It makes me‘
hear-rt thro‘o with pride that I'm a
citizen iv th' sixth wa-ard."
“Has th’, nr—rmy started f’r Cuba
yet?”
“Wan ar—rmy, says ye? Twinty!
Las’ Choosdah an advance ar-rmy iv
wan hundhred 'an’ twinty thousand
men landed fr’m th’ Gussie, with tin
thousand cannons hurlin’ projick—
tyles weighin’ eight hundred pounds,
siventeen miles. Winsdah night a
second ar-rmy iv injineers, miners,
plumbers ain’ lawn tennis experts,
numberln’ in all four hundhred an’
eighty thousand men, ar-rmed with
death-dealin’ canned goods, was hur-
ried to Havana to storm th’ city. _
Th—ursdah mornin’three thousand full
rigimints iv r-rough r-riders swum
their houses across to Matoonzas, an’
afther a spirited battle captured th’
Rainy Christiny golf links, two up an’
hell to play, 1111’ will hold thim again
same 'aftnernoon th’
reg’lar cavalry, .con-sistin’ iv four
hundherd an’ eight thousan’ well-
mounted men, was loaded aboard th’
tug Lucy J. an’ departed on their
earned iv death amidst th’ cheers iv
eight millyon sojers left behind at
Chickamauga. These cav’lry’ll- co—
operate with Commodore Schlow, an’
when he desthroys th’ Spanish fleet,
as he does ivry Sundah an’ holy day
except in Lent, an’ finds out where
they ar-re an’ desthroys tnim, after
batterin’ down th’ forts where they
are concealed so that he can't see
thim but thinks they new on their
way f’r to fight Cousin George Dooley,
th’ cav’lry Will make a dash back to
Tampa, where Gin’ral Miles is pre-
parin’ ti desthroy th’ Spanish at wan
blow—an’ he’s th’ boy to blow.
“The gin’rnl afrived th other day
fully prepared f'r th’ bloody wurruk
iv war. He had his intire fam’ly with
him. He r-rode recklessly, into camp
mounted on a superb special ca-ar.
As missilf an’ Uncle Mike Miles, an’
Cousin Hennery Miles,- an’ Master
Miles, aged eight years, dismounted
fr’m th’ specyal train,'they were re-
ceived with wild cheers be eight mill-
yon iv th’ bravest sojers that. iver
gave up their lives f'r‘ their counthry.
Th’ press cinchorship is so pow ’rful
that no news is allowedlto go out. but
I have it fr’m th’ specyal corrys—
pondint iv Mesilf, Clancy th’ butcher,
Mike Casey, an’ th’ city direchtry that
Gin’rnl Miles instantly repaired him-
silf to th’ hotel, where he made his
plans f’r cr-rushin’ th’ Spanyards at
wan blow. He will equip .h’ ar- rmy
with blow-guns at wanst. His uni.
forms ar-re comin’ down in specyal
steel protected bullyon trains fr’m th'
mint where they’ve been kept f’r a
year. He has ordhered out th’ gold
reserve f’r to equip his staff, number-
in’ eight thousan' men, manny iv
Whom ar’re clubmen, an’ as soon as
he can have his pitchers took he will
cr-rush th" Spanish with wan blow.
Th’ pur-pose iv th' gin’ral is to per‘
mit no delay. if'Deb'iélvé"actiOn:is de-
manded be th’ people. An’ Whin th‘
hot air masheens has been slut to th‘
front Gin’ral Miles will . strike wan
blow that’ll be th’ daihdest blow
since th’ yea-r iv th‘ big Wind in. Ire:-
land ’ mummy,
“13 course, they’ vs disslnsious in th’
cabinet, but they don’t amount to
nawthin’.'1‘h’ sicret’y— iv war is in
favor iv sawin’ 111’ Spanish ar-rmy
into two-be-four jolnsts. Th’ sicret’y
iv th’ thrceasury has a scheme f’r
roolnin’ thim be lindin’ thim money.
Th’ sicret’y iv th’ na‘v'y'mnts to sue
thim befure th’ Mattsachusetts su
preme coort. I’ve heerd that th‘ pris-
ident is arrangin’ a knee dhrill with
th’ idee iv prayin’ th’- villyans to th'
devil. But these differences don’t
count. We’ re all wan people an’ we
i’ook to Gin’ ral Miles to desthroy th’
Spanish with wan blow. Whin it
comes trees will be lifted out be th'
roots. Morro castle ll cave in an’ th'
air ’11 be full iv Spanish whiskers. A
long blow, a sthrong blow; an’ a blow
all together. That’s the motto iv th‘
administhration.”
“We’re a great people,”
Hennessy, earnestly.
“We ar-re,” said Mr. Dooley. “We
ar- re that. An’ th' best iv it is we
know we ar-re”—Ch1cago Journal.
said Mr.
What He Locked.
“Why don't you call me a donkey
and have done with it? You've hinted
at it long enough, ” he snarled out.
“It wouldn’t be quite true, "“she re-
plied. '
“I suppose not. I suppose I haven’t
ears enough for that animal,” he re-
torted sarcastically.
“Oh, yes, you have,” she returned
sweetly. “You don’t need. any more
ears ”
“What do I need, then?"
and habits of self-respect may be pro-
viding him with a Capital more sub-
stantial- than a bank account—Suc-
cess.
A Remarkable Gale.
The aloe, which is used so largely
for pills, &c., comes from quite a dif-
ferent plant to that which is famed
as blossoming once in a hundred years
or so. The latter is the American
aloe, while the aloe of medicine is the
Aloe Socotrine, so called from the is-
land? of Socotra, of which place it is a
native.
Every ton of Atlantic water when
evaporated yields 811b. of salt, a ton of
Pacific water 79lb., Arctic and Antarc-
tic waters yield 85lb. to the ton, and
Dead Seawater 1871b.
From investigations into the effects
of tobacco it is stated that there were
no live' microbes after twenty-four
hours in ‘the‘ cigars made up with wet-
er containing 1,500,000 cholera Int- 1
orobes to the cubic centimetre. ' . ‘,
“More legs and a better voice.”—
Harlem Life. .
Bis Good Luck.
ifPatrick—Oi waz boorn lucky. Jist
Iflher lavin’ th’ house this mornin’ Oi
flor knocked doWn boi a cab; wan
block beyant that Oi were caught in a
pavement explosxon; a block beyani
agin Oi were mistook for a thafe an’ ~
cloobed boi a polacemon; an’ phin Oi
got to worruk, a big sthone from th’
buildin’ fell an’ cracked me shoulder.
Bystander—Where does the luck
come in?
Patrick—Faith! ‘Ain’t Oi aloive yit.
—New York Weekly.
Those men who are so far disabled
as‘to entitle them to a pension dur-
ing the past twenty-five or thirty
years can hardly expect to be called
upon now to do real soldier duty.
Teacher—What became of the chil-
dren of Agamemnon?
Pupil (after matune deliberation)—-I
think: they' re. dead by this time. as-
Norwalk Chronicler