ix Q '\ ms”. .4.....————---—-.---— ._....,.. . p p , Ten Sweet * if Caporal Little C lg: rs for cts. soLo BY ALL DEALERS. . a i: .1; l ,. x mm...— An Official Estimate of Their Cost to the Government. A Difficult and Intricate Problem That Has Never Been Attempted Before —-War1'are with the Redmen. .— In the complete Indian census report, just published, an interesting attempt is made for the first time to cast up in figures an aggregate of the government expenditures on account of the red men residing within our borders since the union was established in 1789. The re- sult of this remarkable attempt indi- cates in the statistics presented that the gigantic sum of one billion one hundred and five million Odd dollars ($1,105,219,327) was spent by the govern- ment up to the year 1890, either upon the Indian directly, or indirectly be- cause Of Indians. Counting in, how- ever, the civil and military expenses for Indians since then, together with in- cidental expenses not recognized in the official figures given, it is safe to say that up to June 30, 1895, a further sum of $114,780,628 may be added to the foregoing figures, making a grand ag- gregate of 81,250,000,000 chargeable to Indians to date. The problem, says the Washington Star, is such a difficult and intricate one that it has never been attempted before. The prime factors entering in- to the problem are: (1) The expenses of the wars waged between the federal government and the Indian tribes since the date mentioned and the mainten- ance of our standing army in the vicin- ity of the resorvations; (2) the claims of the states for indemnity for ex- penses incurred in repelling Indian in- vasions; (3) the civil and educational ex- penses incurred on account of Indians, and (4) the cost of pensions to the sur- vivors or widows of soldiers serving in Indian wars. Of course, a large amount of treasure was spent in wars with the American Indians prior to the establishment of the federal government in 1789. In- deed, ever since the white man ap- peared within the present territory of the United States there has been war almost continually, beginning on the Pacific side in 1539, and on the Atlantic side soon after the year 1600. Since the founding of our government the United States army, except when en- gaged in the wars with Great Britain and Mexico, and during the civil war, has been used almost exclusively in the Indian service, and has been sta- tioned largely in the Indian country-or along the frontier. In their calculation the Indian census experts omit the army expenses inci- dent to the wars with England and Mexico, and the civil war, with its sequel of reconstruction, and safely counts two-thirds of the total ex— penses of the army as chargeable di- ‘ rectly or indirectly to the Indians. The total expenses of the army from 1789 to 1890 were found to be 9.1 335,521,495; but deducting 83,51-l,011,007 for the for- eign wars and the civil war, the re- mainder is Si,210,610,489. Fully two- thirds of this sum, or $807,073,658, it is estimated, was expended for Indian wars, and for army service against the Indians. To this sum the census experts add the expenses of the Indian civil admin- istration for the period between 1789 and 1890, amounting to $259,944,082, and $10,000,000 more to reimburse particular states for expenses incurred by them in Indian wars, and $28,201,632 more for pensions to survivors or widows of Indian wars, and then the total foots up to 81,105,219,372. Counting in, as suggested above, $144,780,628 for civil administration expenses and a propor- tionate share of the army expenses since 1890, the grand total becomes $1,250,000,000 -—a billion and a quarter of dollars. ‘ The Indian wars under the govern- ment of the United States are stated to have numbered more than 40, and to have cost the lives of about 19,000 white men, women and children, including about 5,000 killed in individual encoun- ters, of which history takes no note, and of 30,000 Indians, including 8,500 killed in personal encounters. It has been the policy Of the national government since the year 1828 to re- fund to the states and territories the moneys paid out by them in suppressing Indian hostilities. This liability is based on the fact that the federal gov- ernment has treated the Indians either as nations or as wards of the nation, thus keeping them from control bythe several states. Speaking of the number of Indians now in the United States, as shown by the reports of special agents, and the number supposed to have lived in the past. the census editor says: "It is not probable that the present area of the United States since the white man came has contained at one time more than 500,000 Indians. High estimates were I l made in the early days, but the average even then was about 1,000,000. In 1890 we have 248,253 civilized and uncivilized Indians. Through almost four cen- turies warlike bands have resisted, said many of these Indians are still resist ing progress. There are not 10 tribes out of any of the 200 or more now in the _ United States but that have been in revolt, and those existing as tribes are now remnants, with a few exceptions, too poor or too few to fight, or they con- sider it too dangerous.” Alexander Had a. Tender Heart. Two weeks before the sickness of the czar Of Russia took a turn for the worse, Miss Strutton, his former gov- erness, died in the winter palace at St. Petersburg. Miss Struston, who was an English woman, loved Alexander Romanoif as dearly as though he had been her son. The emperor and his two brothers attended the funeral, follow- ing the hearse on foot from the palace to the English cemetery, almost two miles apart. His majesty and the two grand dukes had carried the coffin from the deathroom to the hearse. When the body was lowered into the grave the czar, it is said, wept like a child. SMOKEJACKS AND CAPS. An Increasing Number Coming Into View Upon the City’s Housetops. “It seems to me,” said a New York citizen recently, “that there is a very striking increase in the number of chimneypots and smokejacks and smokccaps visible in the city. The chimneypots are mostly of the con- ventional forln, like a slightly tapering cone with the top out off; the smoke- jacks and caps are of various heights and styles. I suppose the object- of all these things is to improve the draught of the chimney. I don’t know why we should have more of them now than we used to, whether it is on account of some difference in the construction of our chimneys, which makes them nec- essary; whether we are not satisfied with a draught that would have satis- fied us years ago, and want the chim- ney to draw better as we want and ex- pect to have everything better nowa- days; or whether the construction in these days of many higher buildings has made such changes in the air cur- rents and atmospheric conditions gen- erally as materially to affect the draught of many chimneys; but I know there are more chimney pots. “This last idea about the breaking up of the air currents and that sort of thing seemed at first to account in some measure for the greater number of the newer chimneypots; but when I come to think of it I remember that in Lon- don riding along a viaduct on trains go— ing in or out of the city, I looked down} on I should say hundreds of thousands of chimneypots in districts where hun- dreds of acres were covered with small houses of unvarying uniformity in height. There wasn’t any deflection of currents here, but I doubt if there was a chimney without its chimneypot, a thick stubble of chimneypots, and a mast fascinating sight it was, too, and a fascinating‘thought to think of the myri- ads of people that dwelt beneath them. “Our chimneypots have not yet by any means attained that striking ef- fect. They are still greatly scattered; but, with the smokejacks and the smokecaps, they are now sufficiently numerous. to add to the city a feature of picturesqueness.” Most Difficult Piece of Music. A number of the most celebrated of French pianists were-recently asked to state the piece which they found it most difficult to execute. The answers are naturally most varied. There is a general agreement that difficulties of style are much less easy to overcome than those of technique. From the standpoint of mechanical difficulty, M. Marmontel thinks Beethoven’s Sonata Op. 3 the most redoubtable piece.. M. Diemer and M. Plante accord the palm to Balackireif’s L’Islamev, and M. Pfeiffec; finds himself embarrassed be- tween the claims of Liszt’s “Rhapsodies and Studies,” Tausig’s “Transcriptions” and Alkan’s “Variations.” M. Dela- brode discreetly and cxiigmatically re’: plies that the most difficult piece for him is invariably the piece “which he happens to be playing at any moment. To Ill. (16 Beriot the modest scale—dc- manding as it does the most perfect equality throughout—is the supreme difficulty, and one must work at it, he declares, until ono’s last breath. Iowa Lakes Disappearing. Thereis no longer doubt as to the gradual disappearance of the smaller lakes in northwestern Iowa. It is only of late that the phenomenon has at- tracted general attention, and but re- cently have people become interested in the preservation of these natural bodies of water. Whether anything can be done to check the process effect- ing their extinction is a problem worthy of serious consideration. MIYAKO YUJIBO, a Japanese journal- ist, has discovered that a famous Chi- nese poem written several centuries ago by Liu Ting Che bears a remark- able resemblance to “The Last Leaf,” by Oliver Wendell Holmes. This is the highest compliment China has ever re- ceived. ‘0 __ For Good Color and Heavy Growth Bottle Will do Wonders. Try it. Purify the Blood with Ayer’s sarsaparmi f BRIDGEPORT. ' The o o . o . D. M. Read Company. COOL Niel-H's AND MORNlNGS Means Jackets and Capes. But you can have the say about the style and cost. We’ve everything that is pretty, stylish and reasonable ; differ— ent fabrics, different shapes and different weights—spring and summer garments that will be needed more or less until late in the season—late Fall Nottingham Lace Curtains in an almost endless variety of new pat- terns. Never in the history of these goods has there been such designs brought out as we are offering now; nor such prices. NOVELTY EFFECTS. COMBINATION NETS. MADRAS BACK. BRUSSELS EFFECTS. PERSIAN EFFECTS. Special prices for a week will read $1.08, $1.29, $1.82, $2.50, $3. and $3.50. One of the liveliest spots in the store just now. ‘ No-So,’ a hook and eye that doesn’t have to be sewed on. You’ll find them in the Notion department. ‘ Puritan’ Pins, 8 cents. S. H. 8.7. M. Velveteen Facings, in 5-yd, lengths. Seconds in Can- field seamless Dress S‘.ields, 13, 15 and 19C. 3. Pair. Examine the Belts as well as the Buckles when you buy a silk belt. We've the best 25-cent belt in town. French Printed Sateens, in a com- plete assortment of exclusive patterns suitable for fancy waists and dresses 25¢. a yard. . Moreen Skirting, the best stuff for skirts and skirt linings—so the dress- makers say. A peculiar wiry fabric, ail-wool, half—wool, linen and cotton A MOREEN SPECIAL. ALL-LINEN, 18c. AYD. ALL-WOOL, 25c. A YD. Morie Antiques, black, blue and slate—just like a silk! The proper lining for capes and jackets, 25 and 33c. a yd. PBIGENBAUM‘ ‘ ELECTROGUTBD. V The Victim Protected to the Last His In- nocence of the Murder. ‘ , SING SING, April 28.—The third mur- derer to suffers the death penalty at the state prison here within a week was put to death today. He was Carl Feigcnbaum, ' who had been confined in the deathh‘ouse of the prison for 16 months awaiting pun- ishment for the murder of Johanna -Hoff-' man, in September, 1894. The condemned man was visited by his brother, and his last words to him were, “I am innocent." He repeated the same rtatcment to Warden Sage today. During the past few days Feigenbaum had not said a word to any of his keepers. Feigenbaum made his will today. He said that he owned property in New York and in Cincinnati. The will was wit— nessed by H. C. Wemple and F. H. Bur- roughs. tw0 clerks in Sing Sing prison, and Warden Sage was named as executor! In his will he left all.his property to'his sister, who lives in Germany, with the ex- ception of $90. This money he left to the Rev. Father Bruder to pay funeral ex- penses. a ‘ Feigenbaum spent the most of last night in prayer with the Rev. Father Creation of Sing Sing and the Rev. Father Bruder of Poughkeepsie. They were with him all yesterday afternoon and returned in the evening. The two priests left at 10 o’clock and returned early this morning. He received the last rites of the church this morning, and then he received his breakfast. ' -‘ = After the two priests left him last night he read the Bible until 2 o'clock. He then went to bed~and slept soundly until. 5 o’clock this morning. ' Feigenbaum was brought into the death chamber soon after 11 o’clock. The cur- rent was turned on at 11:17 o'clock. A second shock was applied at 11:17:45, and Feigenbaum was pronounced dead at 11:18:80. Carl Feigenbaum, alias Anton Labn, murdered Mrs. Julia Hoffman in her apartments in East; Sixth street, New York, Sept. 1, 1894. The man boarded with Mrs. Hoffman. She slept with, her little son Michael in a room adjoining his. Feigenbaum entered her room early in the morning as she was sleeping. He car- ried in his hand a large carving knife. Young Michael was awakened by the foot- falls and glancing across the room saw the man in the act of striking his sleeping mother with the knife. He jumped from his bed and, running up behind Feigen- baum, kicked him. The man turned upon the boy and made a stroke at him with the knife. Michael ran to the window and es- caped his assailant by crawling outside and along the cornice. His cries brought several men to the rooms. but too late to prevent the murder. After giving the alarm Michael climbed back into the room, where he saw Feigenbaum just fin- ishing his murderous work. Feigenbaum jumped out of the rear window and gained the street through an alley. The boy’s cries, however, soon started a pursuit, and the murderer was arrested before he had gone many blocks. When he was on trial for his life. Fei- genbaum tried to lay the crime on a man who he declared spent a part of the night with him. He asserted that be was pursu- ing this man when he was arrested. Michael Huffman, however, was positive in his identification of his mother’s mur- derer, and the other evidence was, so strong that the man was convicted. Packers to Fight a Trust. TACOMA, April 28.—With the object of breaking up a trust recently formed by woodenware manufacturers of the Missis- sippi valley the big packing companies of Chicago, St. Louis and Kansas City have placed orders on the Pacific coast, chiefly with Tacoma factories, for 300 carloads of lard pails, butter tubs and sirup and jelly pails. Russell Sage Denies. NEW YORK, April 28 —Mr. Russell Sage deniedtoday a report that he had a broth- er-in-law, Jacob Wynne, in' the Suffolk county almshouse at Yaphank. He said he had never heard of Wynne, who, ac- cording to Yaphank advices, claims that his sister Maria was the first wife of the millionaire banker. ' Cooking Safe In Baltimore. BALTIMORE, April 28.-4Joseph Cooking, accused of the murder of his wife and her sister, Miss Miller, at Hill Top, reached this city today in charge of the sheriff. He was. brought here for safe keeping, threats of lynching having been freely made in La Plata and Port Tobacco. Four Men Injured. WARREN, 0., April 28.—A terrific boiler explosion occurred in a sawmill at Greene, this county. E. T. Stockwall, Charles Manes, George Fink and Charles Walcott were injured, the two former fatally. A portion of the boiler was bloWn 40 rods, and the mill completely wrecked. ' Former Cashier Arrested. ELMIRA, N. Y., April 28.—Former Cashier J. J. Bush was arrested today, charged with wrecking the Elmira Na- tional bank in 1893. Bush was indicted at Utica last Friday. He was arraigned before United States Commissioner David- son and gave 810, 000 bail. Pacific Cable Conference. OTTAWA, April 28. ——Sir Mackenzie Bowell and Mr. Sandford Fleming will sail May 9 for England to represent Can- ada at the Pacific cable conference. Sir Donald Smith, Canada’s new high com. missioner, will go along with them. A Rome Veteran Honored. WASHINGTON, April 28.—A medal of honor has been awarded to Milson Smith now of Rome, N. Y., late sergeant Com- pany F, New York artillery, for most dis- tinguished gallantry in action at Wash- ington, N. 0., Sept. 6, 1865. More Charges Against Tamsen. ALBANY, April 28. -- Supplementary charges against Sherifl Tamsen of New York were received at the executive cham- ber today. There wore some irregularities about the papers and they therefore were not filed with the governor. A Steamer Agronnd. - OWEN SOUND, Ont, April 28.—The steamer C. E. Davis, with a cargo of coal from Cleveland, ran aground While going into Presque Isle harbor. Tugs have been sent to her assistance. Yamagata In Paris. PARIS, April 2b.—Field Marshal Yama- gata, who is en route to Moscow, where he will represent the emperor of Japan at the coronation ceremonies of tho czar, has ar- rived in this city. A Compromise School Bill. ,ALBANY, Anril 28.—The Pavey-Page compromise IVE‘V York city school bill, abolishing the ward trustees, was signed by the governor at noon today. - ~Advertise in the GAZETTE. G HAZE T T It BANGS-Rlillm‘ 0N- Like a Barnacle. Clings Closer Than Ivy and Grasps Like ' an Octopus. Why so crawling through the world suffering from backache. ' From lumbago or imaginary rheu- matism. Strange how people will procrastinate prtflirt with an opportunity until too a -e. It’s only little things that make up every day existence. . But we frequently overlook them. Take backache for example. It is generally a little thing at first. Sometimes arises from a cold or heavy work. It will pass away you say to yourself. I have only over taxed myself. t Ypu get used to itcyes actually used 0 l . t Until the mole hill becomes a moun- am. ' 'l'ben you use liniments and plasters. You consult a phvswmn. You are dosed with salt pette, or buchu. . The little thing bangs to you like a barnacle. _ ' _ “If 1 had only attended to it in time” is your constant refrain. And you thoroughly realize that an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Mr. C. A. Owens, No. 190 Main street, is a painter and paper hanger by trade. Like the majority of men who follow this occupation he is troubled with dis- ordered kidneys. The requisites to his calling, benezine, turpentine and other dryer excite and inflame those organs and late in the fall he found himself suffering from a return of his old com- plaint. Mrs. Owens, ever mindful of her husbands welfare, procured for him a box of Doan’s Kidney Pills at Hale’s drug store and he used them. Mrs Owens says: “My husband has been / nitre greatly benefifted by the use of Doan’s Kidney. Pills. Constant working in white lead and mixingpaint hasbroueht on kidney trouble and a severe head- ache. Belief in any form is always welcome and we are pleased to recom- mend DOau’s Kidney km [or what they have done Doan’s Kidney Pills for sale by all dealers. ‘price 50 cents. Mailed bv Foster—-Milburu 00., Buffalo, N. Y. sole agents for the U. S. .. Do you scratch and scratch, and won- der what‘s the matter? Do'an's Oint- ment will instantly relieve and perman- ently cure any itchy disease of the skin no matter of how long standing. DAVED . W. RAYMOND Flllfil’al llllt‘lllfll all Embalmerf 39 “estimates 811-: at 's‘cuih Forwalk Residence. M 2 hacliemo Hotel. The'Gl" w ‘ PRINTING ¥ M Department. ' ,a A WOT-ill T0 . Till; WISE . Merchants, Manmactur- ere, Lodges and SOcielies will consult their own inter- ests by giving us a call. _ » REM EM BER—l f you have work to do, write to us. Because none but first- class workmen ’ are employed. BecauSe an experience of forty- years counts. 5 Reasons Why Schleicher’s Ill. Because for years W'e‘have given special attention to designing im- proved features Whlch none but our pianos have. Pianosi Lead. IV. Because they are low in price and “ high in artistic beauty. V. Because “hen Schleicher says it’s so, it’s so. an PIANDS TAKEN‘ Main 1mm and Factory; PAGIfIBS'I‘. Stamford, - '
Norwalk Chronicler