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ALL BIANNEB OF
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DAVlD'. W. RAYMOND
lineal Director and Embaher.
- m m
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Residence. Mahaekemotfiotel.
7"}. “K
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P.
A
A BIG
President Cleveland’s Strong
Message to Congress.
THE VENEZUELA BOUNDARY.
The Monroe Doctrine Assorted. With
the Greatest Emphasis.
REALIZES 111s RESPONSIBILITY.
Salisbury Is Informed That a‘ Great-
Principle Is at Stake.
A Very Significant Intimation Given the
English Prime Minister That We “’ill
Fight if That Extreme Course Should
Be Found Necessary—An Able Exposi—
tion ofrtlic Rights of the United States
on This Side of the water-L-European'
Nations Will Not Be Permitted to Buil-
doze the Little South American Repub- ’
lice—Secretary Olney Riddles the Hollow
British Contantion—Salisbury’s Note a
Long String of Manifest Sophistries.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 18.—The president
has sent to congress the following message
on“ the Venezuelan boundary dispute, ac-
companied by the correspondence:
To the Congreés:
In my annual message addressed to the
congress on the 3d inst. I called attention
to the pending boundary controversy be-
tween Great Britain and the republic of
Venezuela and recited the substance of a
PBEEIDENT CLEVELAND.
representation made by this government
to her Britannia majesty’ 5 government,
suggesting reasons why such dispute
should be submitted to arbitration for set-
tlement and inquiring whether it would
be so submitted. ‘
7 'The answer of the British government,
which was then awaited, has since been
received and, together with the dispatch
to which it is a reply is hereto appended.
Such reply is embodied in two commu
nications addressed by the British prime
minister to Sir Julian Pauncefote, the
British ambassador at this capital. It
will be seen that one of these communica-
tions is devoted exclusively to observa-
tions upon the Monroe doctrine, and
claims that in the present instance a new
and strange extension and development of
this doctrine are insisted on by the United
States; that the reasons justifying an ap-
peal to the doctrine enunciated by Presi-
dent Monroe are generally inapplicable
“to the state of things in which we live
at the present day,” and especially inap-
plicable to a controversy involving the
boundary line between Great Britain and
Venezuela.
Without attempting extended argument ..
in reply to these positions, it may not be
amiss to suggest that the doctrine upon
which we stand is strong and sound be-
cause its enforcement is important to our
peace and safety as a nation and is essen-
tial to theintegrity of our freeinstitutions
and the tranquil maintenance of our dis-
tinctive form of government.
Monroeism Not Obsolete.
It was intended to apply to every stage
of our national life and cannot become
obsolete while our republic endures. If
the balance of power is justly a cause for
'ealous anxiety among the governments
of the old world and a subject for our ab
solute noninterference, none the less is an
observance of the Monroe doctrine of vital
concern to our people and their govern-
ment. Assuming, therefore, that we may
properly insist upon this doctrine without
regard to “the state of things in which
We live,” or any changed conditions here
or elsewhere, it is not apparent why its
'cpplication may not be invoked in the
present controversy.
If a European power, by an extension of
its boundaries, takes possession of the ter-
ritory of one of our neighboring republics
against its will and in derogation of its
rights, it is difficult to see why, to that
extent, such it pronoun power does not
thereby attempt-'44 »' 23nd its system of
government togtizac'portion of this contiv.
nent which is thus taken. This is the
precise acticn which President Monroe
declared to be “dangerous to our peace
and safety, ” and it can make no difference
whether the European system is extended
by an advance of frontier or otherwise.
It is also suggested in the British reply
that we should not seek to apply the Mon-
roe doctrine to the pending dispute be-
cause it does not embody any principle of
international law which “is founded on
the general consent of nations,” and that
”no statesman, 'hoWever eminent, and no
nation, however powerful. are competent
to insert into the code of international
law a novel principle which was never
recognized before, and which has not since
been accepted 'by the government of any
other country. ”
Salisbury Answered.
Practically the principle for which we
contend has peculiar if not exclusive rela-
tion to the United States.
It may not have been admitted in so,
many words to the code of international
law, but since in international counsels
every nation is entitled to rights belong-
ing to it, if the enforcement of the Monroe
doctrine is something we may justly claim,
it has its place 1n the code of international
law as certainly and as securely as if it
were specifically mentioned, and when the
United States is a suitor before the high
tribunal that administers international
law the question to be determined is
whether or not we present 'claims which
- deubted claims.
he r21. bt and valid. ,,
law which are based upon the theory that
every nation shall have its rights protected
and its just claims enforced”
confident that under the sanction of: this
doctrine we have clear. rights and un-
Nor isthi‘s ignored in
the British reply. The prime minister,
while not admitting that the Monrce docs
irine is applicable to the present condi-'
tions, states. “In declaring that the Unit-
ed States would resist any 'such enterprise:
if it was contemplated, President Monroe
adopted a policy which received the entire
sympathy of the English government of
that date. " ‘
A weak Evasion;
He further declares, “Though the lan-
guage of President Monroe is directed to
the attainment of. objects which most
Englishmen would agree to be salutary, it
is impossible to£admit that they have been
code of international law.’
says, “They (her majesty’ s government)
fully concur with the view which Presi-
dent Monroe apparently entertained that
any disturbance of the existing territorial
distribution in that hemisphere by any
fresh acquisitions on the part of any E711-
ropean state would be a highly in'expedl-
ent change.’ .
In the belief that the doctrine for which
We contend was clear and dofinitm that it
was founded upon substantial considera-
tions and involved our safety and welfare;
that it was fully applicable to our present
conditions and to the state of the world’s
to the pending controversy and without
any conviction as to the final merits of
the dispute, but anxious to learn in a sat-
isfactory and conclusive manner whether
Great Britain Sought under a claim of
boundary to extend her possessions on
this continentJvithout right or whether
she merely sought possession of territory
fairly included within her lines of owner-
ship, this government proposed to the
government of. Great Britain a resort to
arbitration as the proper means of set-
filing the question, to the end that a vexe-
tious boundary dispute betWeen the two
contestants might be determined and our
exact standing and relation in respect to
the controversy might be made clear.
Arbitration Declined.
It will be seen from the correspondence
herewith submitted that this proposition
has been declined by the British govern-
ment upon grounds which in the circum-
stances seem to me to be far from satis-
factory. It is deeply disappointing that
such an appeal, actuated by the most
friendly feelings toward both nations di-
rectly concerned, addressed to the sense of
justice, and to the magnanimity of one
of the great powers of the world, and
touching its relations to one comparatively
weak and small, should have produced no
better results.
The course to be pursued by this gov-
ernment in view of the present condition
does not appear to admit of serious doubt.
Having labored faithfully for many years
to induce Great Britain to submit this dis-
pute to impartial arbitration, and having
been now finally apprised of her refusal to
do so, nothing remains but to accept the
situation, to recognize its plain require
ments, and deal with it accordingly. Great
'Britain’s present proposition has never
thus far been regarded as admissible by-
Venezuela, though any adjustment of the
boundary which that country may deem
for her advantage and may enter into of
her own free will cannot, of course, be Oh-
jected to by the United States.
Strong Language.
Assuming, however. that the attitude
of Venezuela will remain unchanged, the
dispute has reached such a stage as to
make it now incumbent upon the United
States to take measures to determine with
sufiicient certainty for its justification
what is the true divisional line between
the republic of Venezuela and British
Guiana. The inquiry ‘to that end should
of course be cenducted carefully and ju-
dicially and due weight should be given
to all available evidence, records and facts
in support of the claims of both parties.
In order that such an examination
should be prosecuted in a thorough and
satisfactory manner, I suggest that the
congress make an adequate appropriation
for the expenses of a commission, to be
appointed by the executive, which shall
make the necessary investigation and re-
port upon the matter with the least possi-
ble delay. When such report is made and
accepted, it will, in my opinion, be the
duty of the United States to resist by ev-
ery means in its power as awillful aggres-
sion upon its rights and interests the ap-
propriation by Great Britain of any lands
or the exercise of governmental jurisdic-
tion over any territory which after inves-
tigation we have determined of right he
longs to Venezuela.
In making these recommendations I
am fully alive to the full responsibility
incurred and keenly realize all the con-
sequences that may follow.
_ I am nevertheless firm in my conviction
that while it is a grievous thing to con-
template the two great English speaking
peoples of the world as being otherwise
than friendly competitors in the onward
march of civilization and strenuous and
Worthy rivals in all the arts of peace,
there is no calamity which a great nation
can invite which equals that which fol-
lows a supine submission to wrong and
injustice and the consequent loss of na-
tional. self respect and honor. beneath
which are shielded and defended a people’s
safety and greatness.
Gnovnn CLEVELAND.
. Secretary Olney’s Note.
Accompanying the president’s message
is the correspondence on the subjects. It
starts with Secretary Olney’s now cele-
brated note reopening the negotiations
with Great Britain looking to the arbi-
tration of the boundary dispute, bears date
of July 20 last and is addressed to Mr.
Bayard. The secretary begins by stating
that the president'has given much anxious
thought to the subject and has not reached
a conclusion without a lively sense of its
great importance as well as of the serious
possibility ianlved in any notion now to
be taken. He deems it unnecessary to
enter into any‘ detailed account of the
has since 1814‘ never ceased . to be a sub-
ject of contention, The claims of both
parties, it'must be' contended, are of a
somewhat indefinite nature. Neither of
' the parties, he says, is today standing for
the boundary line predicated upon strict
legal rights—«Great Britain having formu-
lated no such claim at all, while Venezue-
a liberal concession to its antagonists.
The secretary notices briefly several fea-
tures of the situation—the continuous
growth of the undefined British claims,
the fate of the various attempts at'arbi-
tration of the'controversy and the part in
the matter heretofore taken by the United
States. He shows how exploitation of the
Schomburgk line was followed by Vene-
.4112; ,. a2: lice 1.1111571 code of law can 511171.192
21101011.,
The Monroe doctrine finds its recogn|_,:._ FF,
tion in those principles of international"
Of course this government is entirely; 775' the NOW 1776770 7777771 Joseph In this
.and had Sought to carry all his people
ran: the force that General Howard had
inscribed by any adequate authority' in the.
Again he.
progress, and that it was directly related
7 from shedding his coat the functions of
illonx. Such is ignorance and prejudice.
Warriors in Indian History.
One of. the noblest figures in In‘di
history and one of the greatest warriors
same year, '6 had rbsisted at-
tempts to put him and his band on the
Lapwai reservation in western Idaho
hundreds cf miles to Canada. He out-
on his trail, escaped from Big Hole,
where General- Gibbon fought him, and
again from General Sturgis. who en-
g’aged him in the Yellowstone valley.
Bturgis had been sent out by Miles, and
when: the latter, on the- evening of Sept.
19, heard what had occurred, he started
the same night with all the available
force of the Tongue river cantonment
to head off Chief Joseph before he
should reach the border. .
' Hard marching brought the command,
on the last day of the month, to Jo-
seph’ s village in the Bear Paw moun-
tains. The heroic attack was resisted
with a valor as heroic, and in a short
time Captain Hale, Lieutenant Biddle
and 22 soldiers Were killed and 4 offi-
cars. and 38 soldiers Wounded, among
them being Lieutenant Baird of the
general’ a staff. One gallant charge by
Captain Carter, with a small body of
Fifth infantry, had cost over a third of
his command. Promptly varying his '
plans, therefore, and adapting them to
the situation, the general moved up his
artillery, and disposed the troops so as
to hold the Indians under siege, with
escape impossible.
On the sixth day Chief Joseph ad-
vanced to surrender. It was a scene for
a painter, a typical scene in American
history, when this noble looking wars,
rior, facing General Miles, -.-1.Wort11y
counterpait in mien and be faring, hand-
ed his rifle to his white ConquerOr, and
with impressive dignity pointed to the
sun in the heavens, saying, “From
where the sun now stands, I‘fight no
more”.
General Miles, in announcing the
victory, .used the terse, significant
phrase, “We have had our usual suc-
cess.’ His full report described his
brave adversaries as “the boldest men
and best marksman of any Indians I,
have ever encountered, ” and Chief Jo-
seph as “amen of more saw t,acity and
intelligence than any Inf? 11111 I have!
ever mot.”-—Georgo E. Bond in hie-9
Clurc’s llilagaz-zine.~
The l‘ci'tou Jack.
From the day ho is born to the day oi
his death no brush or comb is ever al-
lowed to be used on him, and as, from
the unnatural condition in which. he is
kept, he is prevented in a great measure
the SA in become suspended, and the ani-
mal gradually assumes year after year
an accumulz' .tiOn of coats, all matted
together with stable filth, till at length
they almost trail on the ground. When
he has assumed this extraordinaly and
bearlike appearance, he is pointed to
with no little pride by his owner and is
termed bourailloux, or sometimes guen-
-—From “Horses,Asses, Zebras, Mules,”
by W. R. Tegetmeier.
controversy, which is of ancient date and _
la insists upon the Essequibo line only as '
5I
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WARE 112' l
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THE ONLY GENUENE
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TAFKE NFONE WITHOUT.
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must be tightly. used if you w13h the best
results. Never, in any recipe, use more than two-thnds as
much Cottolene as you used to use of lard. Never put Cot- - -
tolene in a hot pan. Put it in when cold and heat it with
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drop of water; if hot. enough, it will pop. Cottoliene: when-745:"
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4 in wtlon-plant what/33.7"", 7 7
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243’? 7 7' 3 ' $.37? Wear+8ailor Suits. silk hand embroi-
G72"! —AT—-— {3:23;} dered $4.75. . .
55:77 ‘5‘7’7’. G 1 2 D . 0 -
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AR \ \
<i\’ \ ‘\\//- {A xx \l; <l\ ‘\’\:
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$6: .25 to $8.75 as to size—are very
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:{z
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Girls QloakS-tfieefm m 9‘33” we 52211755912 as
" blue; heavy clot $42. {.35 to BB5 - .- 171%
l I
1‘71 ‘ ‘1" 15” f 2.1.1312. ;- mixed cloth ~43. 2; 1:
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:11: «7“ F v
"7’3 Babies’ snort Coats, 5-2 5 to :5. co. in; 1‘407‘3'
Eff: Long Cloaks, $2. 85 to so." 15. 53-. as?
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A: Considering how many children there are. (xii? BT55
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17-" eXclusively to their clothing with its special- 95%: 237—4
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*
Norwalk Chronicler