.“’t
I PAGE FOURTEEN
BITTER CONT ROV'ERSY SPREAD
THEORY OF EVOLUTION OVER
WORLD; GLADSTONE IN FIGHT '
Darwin’s Book in 1871 Started Discussion and
He Was Backed By Huxley, Spencer,.Wal-
lace and Others—The Church and Univers-
~ ities Foes
I".
By Llibil'l-ll, F, l'.\l:'lt)\.
The foregoing chaptcts of this
Ieriea hum outlined the iuisls of the
theory of emlutinn and the "proofs"
of its \nlldity oth‘l'wt hy‘lts spun-
aors. These consideratimrs have
been summed to lllt‘lr :ircounts or
What happened. lather titan why it,
happened. it l\ the efforts to an-
aiver the illitl-ilt'll of “by and how
which haw ant-1t the theory wider
and wider implications. and have
enmeshed it in serial and ethical
considerations of a widely popular
range.
Charles Darwin wrote "The 91‘1-
gin oi Spevits” in 1850. While in
this book. he expounded tully his
revolutionary theory, it was not un-
til he published "The Descent of
Man." in 1571. that the full signi-
ficance of his doctrine was realized.
and the great controversy which
rocked England was precipitated.
Contemporary with Darwin were
uxiey. Spencer, Wallace, Tyndall
a (1 other great scientists ,andtheir
names. in the battle which ensued.
became almost as familiar in Eng-
' land as that of Babe Ruth in Am-
'view
. late superintendent
erica today. The evolutionists were
formidably assailed by all the con-
servative forces of England. The
church marshalied its bat'tallions,
under the leadership of its great
dignitaries. and the traditional
academic forces of the universities
were arrayed against the newtdoc-
trine. .
Darwin Becomes Popular.
The stately old Contemporary Re-
becam‘e the Madison Square
Garden of the encoynter. The de-
bate carried on in this journal be-
tween Huxley and Gladstone is per-
troversial literature in the English
language. Huxley was not only a
great scientist, but a great stylist
and presented his case with a de-
gree of lucidity and power which
no doubt largely accounts for the
wide range of popular interest in
evolution during the eighties and
nineties of the last century.
While Darwin had done a
thorough piece of work, it is doubt-
ful whether the main essentials of
his teaching would have gotten into
the popular vernacular—as they
did-had it_ not been for this re-
sounding controversy. Among
these essentials, there are two of
primary importance. They aretho
theory of natural selection, and the
survival of the fittest.
The theory of natural selection is
the nearest approach To an answer
which the cvoluiionist can give to
the demand of the. fundamentalists
for a “theory of. causation."
Natural selection proceeds from
the evolutionisis' definition of life as
“a continuous adjustment of inter-
nal relations." “Internal relations"
means the organism and “external
relations" its environment.‘ In this
continuous adjustment is iound the
immediate. but not the final cause
of change.
Reason for Changes in Species.
Nature spawns numbericss crea-
tures. She is not interested in in~
dividuals but in type. Among
many millions of such creatures.
through long periods of time, there
.are organisms which show some
variations in physical structure.
These are called “sports." Some
great change of environment. such
as the drying up of a lake, "or a
glacial movement may compel new
adaptation—~that is some adjust-
ment or change of structure of
function which will enable the or-
ganism to live under the new con-
ditions. In this upheaval, a few of
the adaptable “sports" survive, and
their superior equipment is trans-
mitted to their descendants—a new
species appears. But great changes
of environment are not the only
drive toward such adaptation and
survival. Small land animals may
be attacked by enemies. Many will
perish, but some few few who have
long fingers or toes will take re-
fuge in trees. Immediately—this is
an important detail—their survival
attributes are accentuated by use.
They become tree-dwelling crea-
tures, the ancestors of the little
lemur and possibly of man. Thus,
there is a continuous winnowing
out of those who cannot conform to
changes of environment. failure of
Tiger-Tamer!
NEW YORK. July 'l.—You‘li
find some queer hobbies among
the men who amount to some-
thing in Wall Street. But Charles
W. Dealt. senior vice president of
Harris. Forbes 8: Co.. probably
has the most unusual avocation.
liis "emotional outlet." as the
psyckylogists call hobbies. is
training wild animals.
He relaxes from the mental
strain of battling the bulls and
the bears in the Street by going
out to his home and putting
Prince. llengal tiger. or some
other man-eater. through the
regular circus tricks.
When he was a boy. Charles
Benll's ambition was to run away
with a circus and become a lion-
tamcr. This ambition. thwarted
by a banking career, he has nev-
ertheless managed to achieve it
as a “side-line."
food supply or attacks by enemies.
To The Victor The Spoils.
The theory of the survival of the
fittest limits considerations of fit-
ness. not to any ultimate worth of
efficacy in the scheme of things
but to the superior fitness to survive
in anyoparticular environment. It
is. of course, obvious. that in a
competition for foods. or mates. the
stronger or more resourceful indi~
viduals will survive. and propogate
their kind. It thus becomes plau-
sible that' with life constantly out-
running food supply. there is a con-
tinual ruthless elimination of the
unfit and an increasing dominance.
of the fit to the point of their em-
ergence in a new species.
Nature creates countless billions
of lower organisms, indifferent to
the fact that many or even most of
them will die without reproducing.
As her creatures become better
equipped for their struggle in u
savage world. and the individual
chances of survival become greater.
the rats of reproduction becomes
less. The evolut‘onists use the
word "indivhluaiion" as indicating
the individual‘s degree of adapta-
bility and assurance of survival.
Herbert Spencer then states' the
foregoing as follows: "Reproduction
is in inverse ratio to individuation."
. Many llnmiilcaiione.
Here we have one of those.
incandcrings from a laboratory into
the. walks of everyday life which
have made evolution a provocative
and stimulating theory, and which
have. kept it constantly in the public
mind.
Spencer's researches helped to
stimulate investigations of the laws
of heredity which have an increas-
ing importance in their bearing on
pressing problems of modern life.
There are innumerable by-products
and derivatives of the evolutionary
theory which had their origins in
the probing into the stuff of life
which followed Darwin's books.
Possibly. the argument at Day-
ton will be confined to purely legal
problems. If not. it will range far
afield.
. (Continued Tomorrow.) .
Mrs. Wilson Visits
The League of Nations
GENEVA. July 7.—-(AP). Mrs.
Woodrow Wilson. unostentatiously
and with the general public not
aware of her presence. Sunday made
a modest pilgrimage to the League
of aNtions. for the creation of which
her husband was primarily respon-
sible.
She arrived quietly from Paris ac-
companied by Miss Belle Baruch.
daughter of Bernard M. Baruch. and
Miss Johnson. of New York and
spent several hours walking about
league headquarters. It. was her
first visit here. .
WIN PACIFIC DOUBLES.
LOS ANGELES. July 6 (AP).—
William Johnston and Clarence
Griffin. San Francisco net stars. won
the Pacific doubles title here Sun.
day by defeating Harvey Snodgrass
and Walter Wesbrook. a southern
California team. 6-]. 6-3, 3-6, 7-5, in
the final match of the tournament at.
Los Angeles Tennis Club.
2nd District Commissioners ,
Horror Winchester’s Memory
The fol owing resolutions were
adopted at special meeting of the
Second District Commissioners in
memory of Albert E. Winchester.
of the South
Norwalk Electric Works.
RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED AT A
SPECIAL MEETING CALLED
FOR THE PURPOSE AND RE-
CENTLY HELD BY THE SEC-
' 0ND DISTRICT COMMISSION-
ERS:
RESOLVED. That by the death of
Albert 11., Winchester. for a
great many years superintend-
e'nt and the guiding hand in the
course of steady growth and
success of our Municipal Elec-
tric Light and Power Plant, we
have lost a most valuable om-
ciai and as he liked to be term-
ed a “servant" whose services
for its welfare and as a citizen
for the community in general
where he spent so many years
of his life. Were of a character
to entitle him to the highest
respect of all. and
RESOLVED. That by the exemplary
life of our departed and emi-
nently esteemed friend he set
- us an mph worthy of imi-
L..-
.
tation, by his promptness and
efficiency in discharging the
duties devolving upon him. that
those who survive him who
knew his worth will mourn the
loss most deeply but cherish
every recurrence of thought to
his career of devotion to the
city. particularly this district,
and ‘ '
RESOLVED. That we express our
sincere sorrow to his {entity in
this sad bereavement and our
heartfelt sympathies; and as a
further mark of respect. that
the flag at City Hall be hoisted
and remain at half mast until
after his funeral: also. that a
symbol indicating our affection
and regard be placed at his
bier; and finally. W it
RESOLVED. That these resolutions
be filed with the records of the
Second Taxing District and a
copy presented to the family.
HORACE R. NASH.
D. WILLIAM HARFORD.
IRVING C. JENNINGS.
2nd District Commissioners.
ARTHUR H. STERLING.
District Clerk.
Attest:
June 30, 1925.
EDDIE’S FRIENDS
WHEN WIPIE’S AWAY FOR A NIGHT
TEE‘ EVENING SENTENEIJ
By KNOTT
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rtpo IT, ’UH~ HUH -.
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T'MORROWIAN; CLEAN
ooPFUt-I- “Hot-lagoon
TELL‘MISSUSI
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‘HO'TS‘I TOTS‘I..
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In 3&th Sauce. llc-‘CL-iflcm Batu-n 2"". «SR-d
MavieElA FEW ASHESIAN'
HPoP~BOTTLE$ ANI'lTHINGS '5°//
Hoe 6&1 DOWN FIRST Tums
.N‘A‘ MORNING‘AN' APPLY
yoga tummy-room, AM?
wwt-lEN‘TH‘: MISSUS “mantras
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HAVE 10 UP! .15"
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pr CL€P~NIN
{LETfiiGET Li“:
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WHO HAVE-
Unscriptural
NEW YORK. July 7 (AP).-—-As-
serting that 60 per cent of divorces
are obtained probably by fraud or
collusion and that the divorce rate in
the United states is increasing fun-
ter than that of any other country.
the Sanctity of Marriage association
will ask the New Orleans triennial
convention of the Protestant EM!-
copal church to forbid the re-mar-
riage of divorced persons.
The Episcopal church saniions the
remarriugo of innocent persons in
divorces based on infidelity. The
association in starting,r a tnove for the
repeal of this cation attacks it as un-
scriptural. as eontrary.to tho prac-
tice of the early Christian church,
and as illegal in regard to church
law. The canon compels the inno-
cent person to produce court records
to prove innocence.
“Inasmuch as in the opinion of
many judges at least one half of all
the divorces grstntvd are probably
fradulent or collusive and as 80 or
90 per cent. are granted in default
TO ASK alscortt CONVENTION
T0 BAN narrator or PERSONS
Sanctity' of Marriage Association~ Declares 50
Per Cent. of Divorces Are Obtained By
Fraud or Collusion—Attack the Law As
BEEN DIVORCED
without defense or rebutal, how is it
possible." the associations statement
naked. "for bishops unskilled in law
and without secular powers to form
a right judgment in such cases?"
The association further states that
the canon was passed in 1868 by
only one general convention whereas
the church constitution required ac-
tion by two sucessive conventions.
Nowhere in the new testament is
there a single word in support of re-
marriage, the association contends.
and neither in the old nor new test-
amont is there even an indication to
support the modern, theory that
adultery or any other sin, ,ns such.
dissolves a marriage which is not a
mere contract but a state. or condi.
tion.
"The history of in fatal provis-
ion." the statement says. "after half
a century of experience has proved
to be the everrcndy wedge of collu-
sion. fraud and falsehood."
The association has a nation-wide.
ministerial and lay membership. Its
president is the Reverend Milo H.
Gates of New York and its execu-
tive committee' includes Bishop
Manning of New: York.
It was Bishop Manning's strict ad-
herence to the canon in question
_ that precipitated in 1921 the contro-
versy between him and the Rever-
tnd Dr. Percy Siickncy Grant. who
wished to marry Mrs. Philip Lydign
twice a divorce. once from W. F. D.
Stokes. The engagement was broken
May 26. 1924. and shortly afterward
Dr. Grant resigned from the pas-
torate of the church of the Ascen-
sion and retired.
130 MIN an
BONUS CHECKS
The men employed in the liiain
Street factory of Charles H. Iiarris.
local glass manufacturer, started off
well on the July «lth holiday.
Ono hundred and thirty of them
were given semi-annual _bonus
checks Friday afternoon.
Ellsworth, Pole Flier,
Plans to Return Here
OLSO, Norway, July 7. (AR)—
Lincoln Ellsworth of New Y0?k.‘CO-
leader with Captain Itoald Amund-
sen oi the recent North Polar aerial
expedition. plans. to start for Ara-
erlca about ‘July 22. Amundsen.
Ellsworth and the other members
of their party arrived at'the Nor-
wegian capital yesterday and were
givena great reception.
Pictures Belie Wild Accounts of Santa Barbara Damage
SANTA BARBARA. Cal.. July 6.
~"SANTA BARBARA IN RUINS:
500 KILLED!" Thus screamed the
early reports of the recent earth-
quake.
Santa Barbara ISN'T in
ruins” sudden than '16 new,
Two photos. taken from a plane. that show the extent of the damage in Sana Barbies.
stories to the effect that the city I s in mine.
were killed. Santa Barbara
isn't down and out; it isn't even
down.
Early stories of the disturbances
were grossly exaggerated.
-I-‘ew important building- suffered.
and virtually all of the damage was
N «-
done to old buildings.
The residence sections of the city
have few wounds.
The city is speeding reconstruction
work.
"Business as usual. " applies to
even the sections that were injured
most severe“. .
Wall Street
TRISTRAM 69° HYATT
N orwalk’s Leading Dry Goods Store
i
wag ST; wr1§r=~
Norwalk, Conn.
buttons to fasten it
“Step Thru—Button Two”
No More Lost Buttons
The Sealpax Union Suit
opens at the shoulder. Two
six. There are none down the
front. Twin buttons fastened
with linen thread. They can’t
come off. No binding — no
clinging in hot weather—no
gaping in front. The laundry
goes button hungry. Sealpax
hangs loose and light. Cool,
comfortable. Price $1.50.
Sealpaxx-Union Suits
Two button on the shoulder
—none down the front.
ass
t- have
Men’s F urnishiiigs
Cotton and Forest Mills
Athletic Union Suits $1.00
Men’s Lingette Athletic
Union Suits, Special $1.59
Men’s Balbriggan Shirts
and Drawers, 95c each
Men’s Gauze Shirts 1
69¢ each
Men’s Gauz'e Drawers
59c to $1.00 each
Men’s Muslin Night Shirts -
‘ $1.15 and $1.50
instead of
l
CANT CARRY
DOGS ON LEFT
SIDE OF CAR
New Law to Protect
'Animals and Check
Accidents Is Now in
Force
An act passed by State Legisla-
ture forbidding the carrying of dogs
on the left running boards of ma-
chines was circuiated to the police
throughout the state this morning.
It reads:
“Enacted by t e House of Repre-
sentatives in Ge eral Assembly con-
vened—No motor vehicle shall be
permitted to remain stationary or:
be operated upon any highway
whent an animal not confined in a
crate shall be carried outside of and
to the left of the body of such
motor vehicle nor when any load
outside of and to the left of the
body of such vehicle shall project
beyond the end of the running
board thereof.
"Any person who shall violate
any provision of this section 'shall
be lined not less than 35 nor more-
thttn $25 for each offense. This law
shall take effect on July 1st."
The purpose of the act is to save
the animals from being thrown into
the paths of approaching automo-
biles. and to protect the motor ve-
hicles front accident in case the ani-
mals do get thrown in front of
them suddenly.“
SI'ZANNE WINS DOUBLES.
WIM‘BLEDON. July 7 (AP).—
Mlle. Suzanne Lengien and Jean
Borotra won the mixed doubles
championship of the All-England
Tennis Tournament yesterday by de-
feating the Italian Baron De Mor-
purgo and his American partner.
Miss Elizabeth Ryan, 6-3. 6-8.
Out This Out—It Is Worth Money
. 2".
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Chicago. 111.. writing your name and
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sample bottle of FOLEY'S HONEY
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FOLEY CATHARTIC TABLETS
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These dependable remedies are free
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MILLINERY
“—
K. 'A'. Polhemus
61 no. sum smear.
so. noawsu
anon: 31445
i
ONLY 75 DOWN i
puts a l
VULCAN
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in
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Balance Small Monthly Payne's
Conn. Light &.
Power Co.
Norwalk Phone 3600
Frank J acoby
The House of Kuppenheimer Good Clothes
12-14_No. Main St. So. Ndrwalk
The
Arch Preserver Shoe
“Keeps the foot Weli” .
MILTON ELWOOD
122 Washington St. South Norwalk“
'uln me: 7091‘ wau.‘
SAXON PORCH DRESSES
$4. 95..
white collars and cuffs . . . .31.“... . . . .. . .. $2.98"
SPECIAL
Saxon Printed I oile Dresses in an attractive assortment of’ ~
colors and patterns. $2 005-5
0
Saxon Dresses made of genuine “Peter Pan”
cloth, plain colors, cut-work embroidery
Saxon Gingham Dresses in plaids and checks,
Regular $2.95 value for
J. I. MALLETTE
88 Washington St. South Norwailc. 1.
g. .
4“
Av» .
Fitting Shoe: Careth to Little Feet
We have always specialized on shoes for children. We be-
lieve we have the best and sturdiest shoes for children that?
can be found.
But more important We know how to fit them correctly, feet;
must not be cramped; shoes must not chafe.
Buy the next pair of children’ s shoes here
STORE OPEN WEDNESDAY amnooxs
Conneally 69° Bracken
South Norwaik, Conn.
l.
1.
..A‘ . z
w u:
Schultze’s Wednesday Specials
28c lb.-;
45c lb. Lz
45c lb.
25b 1b.;
40c lb. ,jr‘
. 40c lb.’.:
SpringLameores...............
VeaICutlet.......................
Sirloin’Steak.....'................
VealRumps'......................
RoundSteak...
Shoulder Lamb Chops
SPECIAL
Complete set of 5 demount
able wheels for Ford Cars.
$13. 95'
usual price $20
TIMES SQUARE
“w” SUPPLY Co.. Inc.
Auto
84 North Main St.
South Norwalk, Conn.
Schultze’s Sanitary Markets
Washington Street and Railroad Avenue, South Norwalk;
39 and 43 Main Street, Norwalk .
Wesiport. Georgetown. Darlen. Stamford. Black Rock. Bridgepoee'
USE SENTINEL RESULT-GEITING ‘
.
Norwalk Chronicler