Crystal Set to Tube Receiver
CRYSTAL ‘SETR militia T0 108: BEER/ER-
O .
5+ A"
<1 week I presented a. crystal
nag set
-meter and a variocoupler. This
vcr is very selective and sharp
- g for a. crystal
give satisfaction if
.ructed.
.er a few weeks you Will prob-
wish to add something to your:
properly
her that will enable you to hear;
local conCcrta with more volume
to occasionally pick up an out
wn station. “'hile it is possible
entirely practical to add a. stage
udio frequency amplification to
crystal receiver. it will be best}
onvert your set OVC!‘ to the use‘
vocuum tube detector.
-e reason (or this is that the
urn tube receiver is much more:
9 in operation and adjustment.‘.
can receive signals from a;
of audio frequency Will be the?
g to undertake. 3
Tube Detector Preferred
n eddit ioual argument for the.
. rd.ng of the crystal in favor of;
vacuum. tube as a. detector 151
t while you are going to the!
O'IPSlfl'tC‘. of using batteriesu
1': A and B. \ou may as well use
it: for the detector as for the
7‘:fier. ;
f you are well satisfied with your,
'stal so: at the present time andi
re: wish to take advantage of
above method of changing your:
1::0 a tube receiver it might bef
to clip this article for futurei
rrence. It is improbable that;
'4 win cease your radio activities:
a cnstal set and sooner or
=- :0: will wish to make of
‘ ?:"an1. “F
Additional Apparatus .
'71-? same apparatus that you are'
'r :5 mg in your crystal set can be5
»i dmstructing the tube re-;
'P'. the only article that must be;
F”=.Y'§‘ d is the crystal. In addition ‘
'V-w more items must be pur-g
f to complete the parts peace-“
—~. :9 construct the set.
" I-‘f‘l did not build up the crystal,
2:75 wish to buy the list of parts'
= c ' ”not the above receiver you;
' i the following: One yar'io-i
' one variocoupler. both may:
‘ " :3: moulded type, a vacuum!
socket and rheostat for the;
-:-‘ cf tube you are going to use.’
'_ are going to use the W159
' _ 2?? a special e of oocketl
be n-‘c‘ssarv other with of
“- 4." n p, r‘ccostat. :
3‘ "h; d . r» to use the WD 12.;
; ‘ r— .< and lube a standard?
" ,_i .. - \ ohm them! will.
:i-y. You will also need a'
F. fixed grid condenser E
—;
. a 'ariabie grid leak.
circuit. and no Mm are
3:: the transfer of energy,
:e plate to the grid or aerialg
reason for this in that any
f regenerative circuit '11! ”-
. energy back into the am-
“7:; receive wenthroughlnter-
Withthisreedvu'dnototho
.«Ltaeoupledcu'euithwh
«mammal-cult!“-
3'5» Alsothewddlwhm.
: '91“ u tradition! acumen.
~24 :1: cmeter.
...... . ._..._.... w~ ...___- -._..~.——........._.
1' ~°=:ectlons are coerci- ' no i
”Wkly careful In the with?" z
.1. “tenuous-ow.
“WV cf burning out '
5"- v ' '
d- t!) a “on:
“Wm up man-ml:
the
‘ Trancla Williams.
-r distance than the crystal. It! HYGIA.
stations are all 1123 f you “Phiprivileged children are laboring to
en lo. and ECG mbreiy “'ISYI'produce profits for privileged
.. volume. then the addition of a ! dugtrjalists_
MM? _
’i Jflffl P
I __ -.
m 0
‘F- H
O
— A'l'B"
then turn on your rhea-tat at least
constructed with a three quarters of the way.
tube lit now connect the negative
and positive 13 battery leads.
receiver. and there is a short circuit atroome place
in your connections you
quite a mark when the positive lead
is attached and your tube will burn
a. little brighter.
5 disconnect the B battery leads and
‘ check over the connection! to find
out what is wrong. The club will
not burn out it
turned on and the
.«hortened acro- the filament loads
as the B battery current will take
lower resistance path through
the storage battery.
Copyright 1924 by the s. N.
Technical Syndicate.
'
if this happens
B battery is
unto-come:
. . . .
4'9
Italy’s Big Radiator Danna.
In Arbutus Time.
On rocky banks of the Iron Stream,
Where laurcls doze and saplings
dream.
The hallowed spot of all it where
Arbutus scents the April air.
From twigs and mould it shyly peeps
And through the brown leaxeu trail-
ing creeps
And sweetly perfumes every breeze.
When dryads wake the drowsy treel.
Pent up in city-streets and room
From May to March. all other
blooms.
I can forego. content to dream
0! hallowed Woods by the
Stream—
Irom
Contented all the year—save when
Arbutus scents those woods again:
And now. ere April steals away
'Tis there that I must go today.
—TUT.
An
\
Why the Crystal is a Better
Detector Than a Tube
mm mm
Do you know that a crystal in a
better detector than '4 tube? It in.
Thetuonoottheroeoouwhywo
no. a. crystal detector in 'moot re-
flex solo. and in many other rcdio
frequency cots too. The flue or
thotubohthotwocangetregeno
oration and amplification at the
mm. time we get detection. which
meant that_we got‘a loader signal
with the tube detector, but the tube
is beaten by the crystal when It
come. to quality.
In the diagram- at the head of
todcy's nrtlclo we have tried to ll-
luotruo what taken place in the
errata! and tube detectors. respec-
tively. Please note that the dif-
teront diagram- are not drawn to
the same amle. A. B and C are
drawn to the same scale. but in
drawing D. E and E we had to re-
duce the diagrams so they would at
the page. D ll on the same scale
as the first three (A. B and C). but
E and l" are on a. different scale en-
tirely. E and F. ii drawn to scale.
would be much larger than they are
ohown.
La: 1.15 take the action of the
crystal detector first . The first dia-
gram “A" shows the incoming radio
frequency waves. Now then are-
nlternating current. and as such will
not operate a headphone. Somehow
or other we have to get a flow of
current in one direction only. The
crystal detector does the. trick.
letting hair of the “cycle" pass, but
stopping the other half from» going
through it. The result is that we
get half of the incoming wave. as
shown at B. This half correspond!
exactly to the upper half of the in-
‘C
summon-enema
mama-atonement:
coming wave illustrated at “A.”
There in no distortion. Now. in the
rectified half, we have another
group of cycles. as shown by the
distance between “A" and “B" in
Fig. B. This is the voice frequency
and is what createsfihe sound in
the telephone receivers. as in Fig.
0. This audio frequency in a faith-
ful reproduction of one-half of the
original wave at Fig. A.
Now let u- take the case of the
tube detector. We have mentioned
in a previous article that the three-
element tube is essentially an ampli-
fier. By operating this ttbe in I.
certain way we can make it am-
plify more on one side of the cycle
then on the other. This is what
happens when we use the tube as
a detector. For instance. take the
incoming wave at Fig. D. This is
red to the detector tube. and comes
out looking something like Fig. E.
What we have done is to amplify
one side more than the other. We
have not completely rectified the
energy. as the crystal detector did
in Fig. B. The upper half of Fig.
E. is a, fairly faithful reproduction
of the upper halt in Fig. D. how-
ever.
INow. we have an alternating cur-
rent in Fig. 13:. but since one aide
in so much more powerful than the
other. the telephone receiver will
respond just about as well as though
it were direct current. Notice we
say "just about as well.” Nov. quite
as well. though. Look at Fig. F‘.
It the telephone receivers were ac-
tuated by the upper half alone. we
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“The crystal for quality" in a
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would get the sound represented by
P. which is a fairly true reproduc-
_.1u}: “W
I
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