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An Early Winter Malady That Wipes Out More
Than Ten Thousand Children’s Lives Annu-
ally in This Country — What is Being
Done To Cut Down Its Ravages.
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I" an epidemic of bubonic plague
were to kill 10. 000 children in the
:ited States in one year. the pee-
nf this country would be ap-
1i. It would excite an alarm so
w.tiespread that the whole world
But whooping cough kills more
lilian that number every year. and no-
body thinks much about it. Last year
it took the lives of 10. 831 children in
‘T‘e United States.
This is the whooping cough season.
Beginning in early October. it gains
'headway as autumn advances. Pos-
sibly the opening of schools. and the
.‘consequent assembling of many chil-
dren together. is a cause.
It is one of the most infections of
epidemic diseases. and is much more
:dangerous than is generally realized.
.0! babies attacked by it. nearly 30
1 per cent. die. The cough makes them
ivomit. and. not being able to keep
‘any food on their little stomachs. they
are liable soon to succumb.
The cause of whooping cough was
.long a mystery. but now the malady
'is known to be attributable to a tiny
,rod-shapcd germ which occurs in the
_rnucous secretions of the mouth, nose
and throat several days before the
'suf'ferer begins to "whoop." Feeding
ion the tissues. it kicks up an inflam-
mation of the membrane that lines
the breathing tubes.
now The Germ ls Carried
The germ may readily be conveyed
,by one child to another by kissing. by
taking alternate bites of an apple. or
by "trading gum." But the chief
agents for spreading the mi hief are
lIlngers and things touched y them.
.I'hus it may be communicated
through exchange of pencils or in
ulcer beneath the tongue. Oftpn. in
cases of whooping cough. such an ul~
cor does makaits appearance. But it
is merely an incidental symptom. of
no importance, being due to rubbing
the tongue over the lower teeth while
coughing. ~
80 serious is this menace that
health authorities are urging the
adoption of ordinances requiring
warning placards to be placed on
houses in which there is whooping
cough. It is deemed most important
that cases of the disease shall be kept
isolated. Yet parents whose children
are suffering from it quite commonly
allow them to play with other chil-
dren. and even send them to school.
Important New Discoveries
The germ of whooping cough was
discovered a few years ago by Pro-
fessor Bordet. of Brussels. He proved
it by producing the disease in mon-
keys and cats. by inoculation. Further
experiments by him and by others
have shown that secretions of the
nose and mouth carry the infection.
The more favorable the opportunities
for the transfer of sputum from one
person to another. Mreatty or indi-
rectly. the better the prospect for the
spread of the malady.
Until within very recent years
whooping cough has to a great extent
baffled medical treatment; but a
"serum." or ”antitoxin." has now
been developed which renders chil~
dren immune-to the disease. and
which is likely to prove most valu-
able for quelling or limiting the
spread of epidemics. Only the other
day announcement was made of the
discovery. by two Boston physicians.
that the complaint could be treated
very successfully by the use of the
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which. for that very reason. are not
easily escaped in the early part of life.
Nearly.all of us have had some or
all of them in childhood. and. being
thereby rendered immune. we are
rarely attacked by them after reach-
ing adult age.
Thus it comes about that many
parents are careless about whooping
cough. and that in some instances
they deliberately expose their chil-
dren to the infection. so that they
"may have it and get through with it"
——-not realizing that the disease is very
dangerous and often fatal. It kills
more children every year in this coun-
try than the dreaded scarlet fever.
Perils Of Neglect
Furthermore. when a child is at-
tacked by whooping cough. the moth~
er. thinking little of it. commonly re-
frains from calling in a physician.
and is content to rely upon her own
nursing. This is a particularly dan-
gerous mistake because there are
suing the lungs. may lead to tuber-
culosis. . .
Other complications that may oc-
cur are profuse bleeding from the
nose, convulsions—«the latter usually
fatal — and hemorrhage into the
nervous system. occasmnally result—
ing in death or some form of par-
alysis.
When a case of whooping cough
develops. the first thing that ought
to be done is to song for the doctor.
Under proper treatment. the suffer-
ing can be much reduced. the course
of the disease shortened. and the
danger of complications greatly les-
sened. Incidentally. the physician
will tell the parents how to keep the
malady from spreading.
Schools. unavoidably. are centers of
disti'ibution for children's diseases.
That cannot be helped. But sufferers
from whooping cough ought not to be
allowed to go to school. to ride in
street cars. or to go to movie shows.
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authorities is that’ every such younx-
ster should be required to wear on
the arm a broad green ribbon. for a
warning. It has even been suggested
that a mask might be worn—a notion
not likely to be adopted. but whi
would have the advantage of keepi‘
the child's fingers out of its mouth.
Precautions Against Spread
As hove said. fingers are the chief
agents by which whooping cough is
spread. Therefore. knives, forks. and
other utensils used by the suflerer for
eating should be boiled afterwards:
not merely rinsed in lukewarm.” water
and wiped. Towels, napkins. aid bed
considerable distance; hence the child
should be required to use paper nap-
kins. which can be burned. Every-
thing that has come into contact with
the patient should be sterilized before
it is handled or used by other per-
sons.
The peculiar “whoop" characteristic
of the malady is easily explained. As
soon as a paroxysm of coughing
ceases. the little sufferer. exhausted'
of breath. endeavors to fill its lungs
again; but a nervous spasm of the
throat muscles narrows the opening
violent effort to take in air through
this small space produces the
"whoop."
the paroxysms may occur every
few minutes: but if the child be kept
quiet they will arrive less often. They
may be provoked by excitement. by
laughing. by crying.‘ or by eating and
drinking. They may cause bleeding
from the nose or into the whites of
the eyes. Blood may even come from
the mouth and ears.
As a rule. the first symptoms of
whooping cough appear five to ten
days after infection. It begins with
an irritating cough. which after one
or two weeks reaches the paroxysmal
stage, the cough coming in ,spasms
and ending in a whoop. The disease
may extend its course through a pe-
riod of four to ten weeks. its decline
being marked by fewer and fewer
paroxysms and winding up with oc-
casional coughs.
In the early stages there is fever.
and the sufferer is restless. loses
in trying to guard RL'.’
through which air must pass. and a! ‘
l
13 continued immunxy :n
fCOOzP/ZB’V/er/vac/z’rp ac /
sence of compli ca
should be kept in the
or '
with the windous w: lie 1*
less to say. the 6: ct shew
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‘ Drt‘adful Mortality HL
urns
Of all dca‘. hs in the l .. I Cw.
nearly one 2h: rd are of (:1. A h a
fifteen years of azn. .
fourth are of infsr. s in.- 1,
years old.T.1e so- :1"
diseases" are very tar.-
for this frightful n cr: ~
y.oung and of these u
is one of the wors’ 1
Speaking of "chi
generally. it may be 5:1 .
ignorance in regard to 3 .x
traordinnrily widcsfirr" ’ ,,
found. A belle! con 7
is that children are be
them. and that thure 51
sides (most folks 1m. 11. :1 1 ~
kill. This last idea is a dre
take.
Antitoxlns
The cells of the body. Wf‘»,. '
ter is invaded by gt ‘
case. start in to n. :11. 1...1 ‘
deadly to germs of t
kind. We call it an
When recovery 15 acre:
cells so on making tha'
the rest of one's 1:59.
Medical science has 1.
manufacture antitoxms 1..
tory. and they are new ex'.
used for preventive inocuiati-r
typhoid. tetanus. and mucus a
maladies. One of there. hr
cut down the death rate
therla. An effec‘ive an.
measles has recently been d
we have another for whco
and it seems likely that
generations it may be prac
such means to render Cr
mune to all of the i:f»:<:.c
"gym, baseball. X-ray. liable to be complications. the most Boys and girls should be taught to linen should be treated in the same weight. and is weak. The eyelids may plaints which hi‘her: e have ..
In earlier days it was thought that The so-cailed "children's diseases" frequent and perilous of which is avoid contact with youngsters that 1 way. During paroxysms of coughing. be reddened and swollen: the face 'sarded as. 'for them. sin: as:
' on disease was caused by a little are highly infectious complaints pneumonia. And pneumonia. weak~ "whoop." An idea favored by health} infected sputum may be thrown to a may have a puffy look. In the abclable.
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. 1 INETEEN hundred and twenty-three years ago thls message brought a. new era to man-
i ’ kind. The birth of Christianity saw the word “Good-Will” become a factor in man’s dealing
‘ .1 with his brother man. Kindness—Understanding—Toleration—Love——the essence of Christianity—were
‘ :1 I f: summed upin that word. _
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,J .. ' ODAY, 1n busmess, we tshll use the word “GoodWlll.” Its meaning hasn’t changed much 1n 8
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1 .1 ft the hundreds of years that have intervened. It IS the something 1n our busmess relations that . g
a: is hard to define—but it is nevertheless. a tangible asset. Just as it did years ago, Good-will g
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.4- g st1ll means Kindness, Toleration, Understanding and Love. “
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. . ;- T is in the interest of that -“Good-will” that this advertisement is published.
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THE REVIEW CORPORATION
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Norwalk Chronicler