_§y BARRET sMITI-I
EIW Americans realise that
down in the Gulf of Merl:
~~A —. co‘ at our very gateway
2... ‘_ 2,- there has grown up in the ‘
last twenty years on the basis of a
7;. media‘ejral Spanish colOny a mod-
ern American state that, although
politically independent, thanks to
us, is to ill intents and purposes
practically s 115115 of the‘ United
States. ' , 2
A realisation of how little we
know of this new land of Cuba was
brought forcibly to public attention
by the rec t visit to this country
or the Cuban Commercial Mission
appointed by the President of Cuba
to present Cuba’s financial plight
and to plead against the imposition
of a 60 per cent inoreasein inthe
tarifl on Cuban sugar. in-
crease was enacted in the emer-
gency tariff and is now making it
didicult for Cuba. to recover from
the serious basin and financial
depression which an bathe island.
In presenting Cuba's case to
the Senate Finance Committee
through the State Department the
commission pointed out that the re-
enactment of this 00 per cent in-
crease in the permanent tarlif bill
would indict upon Cuba a blow
from which she could not recover
in many years.
I The average man has not real.
[zed the important part ch this
new member of free nations plays
in the world’s trade. Certain it is
that the average man does not re-
alise to what extent Cuba depends
upon the United States, her foster-
mother, for fair treatment in order
that she may speedily recover her
economic and political stability.
The man in the street still thinks
of Cuba as a semi-barbarous land
of insurrection. ignorance and pov-
erty. This it was twenty years ago.
{then it was a country that sold us
sugar and. tobacco, but did most of
its buying in Europe. The man in
the street, while inordinately proud
of the fact that the United States
had a large ‘part in freeing the is-
d from Spanish oppression,
oes not at the same time realize
our responsibility #for keeping the
island but of the same ecouomie and
political disturbances which Span-
ish misrhle caused; Cubans know ‘
that Spain term Cuba to death and ‘
brought upon herself the train of >:_
misfortunes in the island which re- 1 '
suited in the loss of Cuban terri- 7;
Thepleeoftheoubaans-,
tory. ,
sion in We on was in eifect
that we do not follow the unfortu- '
n‘ate example“ of Spain and lose
Cuban markets for our exports.
The change that has taken place
in Cuba since Spain was driven out ’
of the island has come Quickly. but
so gradually"- that few of us realise 2
it. Probabl1 few know. for in- 2
stahce. that Havana can be reach-
ed by train to Key West in tort!
hours from Washington and the re-
maining ninety miles Covered by
airplane in one and onehalf hours.
a trip American and Cuban basic
ness men are constantly taking. It
will be a surprise to many. too. to
learn that a long distance telephone
line has been established between
New York and Havana and inter—
mediate points which is in almost
hourly use.
Then there is a fast ferry service
with daily sailings between Key
West and Havana. carrying loaded
freight cars and making the round
trip in twenty-four hours. Steam-
ship lines with ‘aimost daily sailings
connect New York with every 011-
ban port. More merchandise enters
and leaves Havana harbor every
year then passes through any port
of the United States excepting New
York harbor.
No. Cuba is no longer isolated
from us. Today she does about 1'8
per cent of her international busi-
uses. both buying and sailing, with
the United States. The heavy sugar
and other .machlnery formerly
bought in England. France and
Germany now comes from the
United Siates..ioaded on cars at the
foundries in - Ohio. Pennsylvania.
Michigan, VAlabama, Louisiana and
other states and-delivered in the
-.moow:
can
‘ma
‘
mill yards of Cuba without trans-
fer or cost of handling: Cuba is
now our fourth largest interna-
tional customer. It is this rich
trade. dependent as it is upon the
prosperity of Cuba's chief industry.
the raising of sugar. that is men-
aced by the dope: cent increase in
the tsrli! on Cuban sugar enacted
by the emergency tariff act.
There is a slang phrase of the
street that runs something like this.
"The bigger they are. the harder.
they fall.” This could be applied
to the Cuban situation. with refer-
ence to our responsibility for her
welfare. ' We have made Cuba big.
We have helped her in her advance,
in clvllination all along the line.
As a result of the close trade and
transportation relations between
the United States and Cuba the hu-
man diflerenees between us and
our national fosterchlld are fast
disappearing. We‘ha’ve made her
big. we have made her part of us.
financially and industrially. and we
should see that she does not fail,
as she is quite likely to if we raise
a permanent term barrier. which
would have {hi elfect of shutting
the» United States. aer' chief mars
set For we must Member that it
takes years to readjust the crops
of a nation or to buildup new mar~
of readjustment.
English has become the language
of the Cuban business communiti.
hung Cubans are being educated
in the schools and colleges of the
United States. Education has 1‘:-
placed ignorance. orderly govern-
ment has supplemented insurrec-
tion. sanitation has ousted dirt
erty. and all of this is dependent
on the prosper“: of the sugar in-
dustry. .‘-
no. development of education in
the island leouebfthemost mark-
ed changes between the Cube of to-
day and that of two decades ago.
in 1896 the population of the island
was 1.572.791. of whom 1.400.885
were unable to read. W knew
how to read._but could not write.
while 19.158 had received some
higher education. The change for
the better began with American is-
out sugar. her chief product. from
sets for her exports. Cuba's pres-~
ent shaky financial condition would
not stand the strain omen a period
‘lnstruction was made a member of
prosperity has succeededno pov-I
tervention when Ainsley; Futures,
TE film are
‘ 'm‘L ”WWSo.‘ I
sent by Gli- counuy to Havana to
establish an American school sys-
tem. With the installation of thee
coon republic in 1903 public in-
structien came dlrectly under our"
pervislon of the federal govern-
ment.» and thesecretary-of public
the President’s cabinet. Today
there are over 1.100 schools in
Cuba with nearly 850.000 pupils;
There are 6,685 teachers in the pri-
mary schools. There-is a coedues-l
tional normal school is each at the
island’s live provinces and Havana
has two additional normal schools,
one for boys and one for girls. Rug-
ilsh is one of the chief subjects in
all these slrhools.
Cuba's chief institutions of high-
er learning are the Institute of
Havana. which occupies a placebo-
tween the grammar school and the
university. and the National Uni-
versity ofiflavana. founded in 1728
and now a big well equipped mod-
ern institution. 'C In 1918 a school of
Domestic Economy. Arts and Sci-
ences. known as “The School of the
Home." was established.
The American colonist or visitor
stirs clot-5&1: It 111’ 3' land 0! pic-
tsresqne mountains. beautiful val-
leys. fertile plains and plateaus all
’ overmread with luxuriant tropical
vex-’dure.
Its climate is free from extremes
of temperature and other weather
conditions which often make life in
or near the tropics unpleasant to
northerner: .
And the man made environment
of Cuba is equally delightfulto the
northern sojourner, ”particularly
' that of su’ch modern cities as Ha-
vana. This city is one of the most
delightful capitals "in the western
hemisphere. It is a city. modern in
every respect that promotes com-
fort of‘livleg and up to date com-
mercial activities. in a. quaint. his.
toric setting that dates back.» in
part nearly- 400 years. Havana to-
day is a mixture of modern con-l
crate and stone once buildings five
or‘six stories high with little one
or two story thick walled, tile
roofed structures. some of them
>800 years or more old. It is a clean,
sanitary town. for dinerent ‘xrom
the fever infested cit? the Ameri-
cans found there two short decades
In.
The chief railroad systems at
Chiba are the United Railways of
Havana. the Cuba railroad. with
its subsidiary. the Camaguey and
Nnevitas railway. and the Cuba
Northern railroad. They have an
aggregate of about 2.2200 miles at
track.
Cuban mineral wealth is Just at
the beginning of its development.
The early Spanish dreams of gold-
ir. Cuba have never been realised.
but they are supplanted today by
actuality in the shape of rich de-
also. finds an»; alumnus. mostositsw of com Ill-op, maggau amply,
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gated a report that
bandit with fine manners who held up
observation car passengers
companion.
Stansburv.
' tht: car.
BANfllT ESEAPEB
IN AWIIBILE
Gentlemanly Burglar Went ,
Through Train 1n Chicagll: - V
w 1 t ‘ '
and Disappeared
Woman
< CHICAGO.
in
else
VAs he continud down thr-
‘ "It's quite possible‘
or .1011 might get hurtsm‘fwnn
that to happen. so I will leave you. "
‘ Covering the passengers with his
. gun, he‘ jerked the. emergency bell
rope. booked through the obsenntlo
. platform door and as the train 51
down leaped or
V neared one. the men out.
\
er the
Di-c.‘ 2 i’uPolicc intesti-
a , well dressed
on the .
Baltimore and Ohio night flyer for .
“'nshlngton in the heart of Chicago‘s .
south side last night. had escaped in
an automobile drixen by 2 -
Children skating on a _ ,'
pond at Sign» —se\enth street sits the ;
robber make his geta‘vsay ‘
:which had been parkd beneath. thel
railroad Helmet. 2
The bandit boarded the obscuration , .- .
car at' the Sixty-third stréet stationl‘ ' 1
d. forced the passengers to stand int '
e. M. 1) Taylor. a Baltimore and
, . lo passenger agent. was first in line
and gale up his Pocketbook. Three
other men contributed. then the rob—
her reached Air. and Alxs'.
of 'l‘elmmcnri New Mexico,
‘ and their three small children. 7
‘ Alndam.; " he said. “Will 1011 please
take the children to the other end of
I am not interested in/ any.
valuables a udman max 1.319. rind}
do not want to freighttn children.
you please." »
. 2 Aslirs. Stansbnrx and the childrend' .
obeyed his request. he relxeved‘"1\i’r.
,Sta'nsbur) of his pocketbook. , ‘
"Not much. but you look as \if 11011H
could 1ucli afford to lost it
wouldn‘t take it " the-I robber told it. 1 2' ,
W. “'illiamson, another bytimore and
Ohio ticket agent. -‘ "
n . woman
at”
Robert L.
If « «f2;
\
liné of
passng'ers .the conductor appeared at
the front end of the car ready to 901- 2
lect tickets. the bandit rrgarded him —’
. coolly. ‘
_ he told his vic—
5 tlms.‘ “that the conductor is armed. If .
he isn‘t. he can call men who are
_'I"1:Il would mean shooting and some
m2
and (limp-12
7
v
“ WWW 7 Mechanical rm . -
, , Ta‘kfl'gDvlls Books j- ~ =*“»~-.;5 -;
l? 2. Games *2: M as... 1.2.2:. .2
1‘ i -- Erectors f H -
333W : - ~ 2 2* Wagons, Trains “h.
“'3‘ ‘ ‘ ”8' Furniture Paint Sets . 2 _
IF
The kiddies Just about shout with
joy When they come to Our. Toy depart:
ment and discover the niany fascinating : ‘
-things that Santa has brought fer them.
3.1 ’ViSIt Toy DepartmentflowwStmrs at _
Y is attached to the MM
the Cuban 1111831311 names-es _'
avert the cn‘a‘cnnen‘t if s2
seamen is Cubs depends up:
game stem ass
: American ta‘riif against “gas, &
is worth 3.1- mm mum- to;
her. Abe tthreemfths «this
"lg exported. the greater pare at
to the United States.
Two other ag'eldnltural- m
imported from Cuba toI the em
States in large quantities on flan-
apples and honey; Practically sf!-
of Amerllm's impel-titles: or“
apples, amounting te‘uea'rly “-
.000 a year. are from cube. fir
imports of honeyfremfibam
to well over 81.000.” annually.” or
about half our total imports eff!!!
commodity.
Cole is another lam mid;
tural product of Cuba. Cuban-nu
said to be the greatest comm
are on earth. I
Other consid ble agricultural
products are M' clue-s.-
fruits. bananas. grapes. cacao, vat
nilla, potatoes. tomatoes. m
peppers. okra. squash. beans. can;
wheat. rice and peanuts. .Stocl
raising, including horses. cattle;
begs, sheepfiand goats. in folbwet
to a considerable extent. Poultr!
raising is also a rapidly growing
lndustryr ‘ l
When the American govern“!
was established at Santiago in 1‘
one of its first act: was to but!
the stabilization of Cohancurmey
This reform was completed by
Cuban Congress underthe law:
October 29. 1014. by which the Cu-
ban geld peso,” of weight and Ins-
ne‘ss similar to the American is!-
lar. was declared the unlined Em:
ed States money legal tender.
In view of this close hamony el
interests the visiting com-idem
from this new ‘Cuba holds that the
erection of greater tariff walls be-
tween the two countries is illogical
and harmful to the best interests at
'1. w. l.’
,, 1'
I. 11' in; 0
u .19; r , em, v
a
”Silver I” "IX-1| 3.1%.. 1
Norwalk Chronicler