r~.
ERIRA
All PREPARED
ERR THE WAR
-I-:............—
t‘
‘i
1111111111111. Building Program of the
liavy this Been iinder‘hay for-
Seine lime and tin: dreds of Ships'
Can be Used “‘
~--W...
111111 11111111111111 '
go into tin .111' but the 111'1'111 fact
87-} leet long: and 9'1 beam
is the knots iaslel than anything
will have oil butnexs, which will
Wilt RE MARIEIZED‘E
1
1 Plans for fodi" new t'1uiscls, construtlion of WW1 will soon begin, make them the greatest battles hips ever undcitaken by a government
This photograph ~1111 oliicial pi(turc oi the Now licpnrtnieni~shows the uniscr
that tiny are to be built will likely 11.110 an eticct on the outcome.
01 the same cit-1:55 in the (human 111' Illitish navy.
give 1511111111 hors'tl.111we1
1
O
/.
According to liliUllllilllOll published in the Scientific American below the. pro»: at trouble with Germany she Mill haw. a ‘s‘pt'cd of ihinv live knot",
They will carry ten 50- calibre 14- inch 1'iiie.-',It11'1'iit_1
ho ilw‘du than l,‘.‘7i otiiceis and men will b". rtquiied.
i'llltil lilies and debt torpedo tubes
They may not 11% finished in Unit? to
which
They
industrial preparations have. ploduc-
,ed a great compact scheme of nation-
Aul resources with almost unlimited
possibilities. The Council of NationalI
Defense, in daily conferences with
the nation" leading financial, cout-
1nercial,‘sclent1fic and labor 1.hiefs,'I
Wind to he Telegraphed Over the.
1111111111 within a Few Hours ‘
;
11'n1-11:.\'11'1'on, April -; .—-'1'111- Navy
Ammo-intent completed preparations
late today 0 flash telegraphic orders
tor the mobilization oil-15,000 mem'
train 01' the naval militia dud the nav-
1-1] reserve unmedialoly upon the sign-
ing oftheIwar resolution by Presi-
'1lent.tl’ilsou after it had passed the
ill-Misc 1
' l
and detailed industlial mobilization
plbn, but has secured the endorsement
and pledges of the 111011 who can intI
it into effect at a moment‘s notice.
For military. reasons only 11 small
Apart of the detail of these prepara
Wx’th‘iilhu’l'liN. Apiil .3;-—Thp At Itions has been permitted to reach
lantic 1111-01 has been maintained on a the pipb‘iir. It is know 11 11111101 0,lbnt
'wai' busts since the national emer- t"01 niany months the government has
lie-110.1! 11'aa_1le1'lnred.Tho 111111) mom-Iconsidered am more than 11 possibil-
J‘Bl'n of the naval militia 111111 the :3, ity, and has strained its every 1'0-
11110 mi 11 in the various classes of 111133 source to make teadv. 111 the tense
innvnl lé-NPX'VP. will be employed 1111 uniting period since relations were
inediatciy to fill up the complem-c n1,broltcn the president, while hoping
111‘ n'aerve ships and auxiliary and put f-enentlv thdt hostilities (ould be
in con-neissiml the first of the h11L:t"il\'0id(’d- 113-“- kCDl ”10 “110!“ "WWW"
motor boat patrol fleets for any of the government. in motion day
I'l’lml’t- ‘t-m against submarines. {and night to prepar0 acuin's't eventual
Actual and potential 1esources‘itics. To any close observer. at the
\vhich.:1il told. ptobablv never hate‘cupital it is now 11911819“! that G91"
linen equalled by any other nation 111:111'11'1yanai11 has misjudged if she
the history of the world are liro11gi1t‘I‘.thought to find the United States
into the great war under the Alncri- :EIOIN‘APSSJy impotent and unprepared
coast
1211.11. flag. 1 The. navy, in order to complete in
Into tile balance against Geruumv.1"ecoxd time the enormous building
1m- thrown a nary in st‘vcngth
inicienu' among the foremost 'u'tloIat; lenlisted in the public s‘e'rvlce. Virtually
an Army comparatively small buti the entire. shipbuilding facilities of
that 11ouldbe
111' upwards of 301.9000“) capable of of merchant craft
‘ tablished
{have volunteered in large number-1 to
‘bring both their boatri'nnd their ".'r-
‘sonnl services to Ithc 11am
‘llll‘y llnnict hopes within a short per-
inadcqiiatc all plans are reauy to com-
and program authorized by CHEW—him ewe pltll'ia than ever have neon drawn
1
So ”far has the. organization of 11101 111 the 111111-1- of supplies the army
is went-equipped. Willi rifles and
mosquito flett progressed that Inoi'eI
than a score of bases have been 135- other equipment for 11 rust army 81'
along the Atlantic and‘ready on hand, enormous contracts
Gulf coasts. and a senior oflicer hasIhavc been placed by the 1Lu111'temuwu-
110111 detached to command this new ter's department and the contracts
na1y unit The 1essels,1anging up are. elastic so that other millions can
log manufacturers have united in ex
peditiug the making of uniforms, as
other industrial concerns in pro-
viding quickly othei necessary ma
terial. To mend 11 iliiilt'ulty 11111-- to
failure of the annual army appropria-
tion bill, the Federal Reserve Board
came to the aid of the War Depart.-
ment, ordering reserve banks to:
discount the quartemuiutcr n-Jm'ml’sI
warrants at current commercial
r.ates -~ .r '
mandrel“ private shipyards “lid" ”‘1“: \lut l1 oi the new equipment will go
“lim‘ll'ii‘illl‘oil 0f COHEX‘OS-‘fi ‘ to the National Guard 11 hich is being:
The army whose great need is recruited rapidly and mhciwise made
trained 111011 and otliccrs, is cmpIOy- l't’fidl' for MTVACR- lil n'l'Ve‘l‘ill HHWSI
111;; national means to» prepare for the the governors have called for volun-
111'ganization and training of any force teers to brim: the Guard units up to
Congress may authorize. l-lundt'eds maximum strength. The adjutant-
of appliicntions for commissions ‘lu generals of all the states have been
the omcera' reserve corps are being ordered to make. every precaution for
accepted, and for the grade of sec- quick mobilization of the state forc-
ond lieutenant the bars have. been let 0:1. For the first time the organizer-I
down to men who never have had tion of small detached units of this
military training. More comprehen-
guns large enough to sink the largest
submarine, will be oflicered in many
cases by their former owners. who
Sc e19
led to have at least 2,000 .'uch boats
in ()Ilt‘i‘tlliml, and ”should the facili-
tius for the. conturuciion, or for the
building of other naval craft. prove
2
"orifid for the béiifllt *1‘ rural coin-
for training camps for fitting thenc‘munltlee.
officers and others for duty. U‘itlte:r The plans for Inca.) expansion pl‘t‘:
liiéhly efficient, backed by a citizenryI the country: surveys have been made of the reserve. otticcrs trainlng cm-pg‘ pared by the gmeral staff are consld- most impprtant. factors.
have been established in many col- ered complet in every detail, regard-
.- ~ ...._ .._
quite as important :15 any othci task
of preparedness. The (‘onncil is tom
33d of :1 majority 01 the Cabinet
members, and it has an advisory com-
mittee of seven leaders
on fields on which the nation would
draw most heavily in war transporta-
not only has worked out a definite lo a length of 111) feet and aim-M with be spent as soon as appointed. Cloth- lion. labor, munitions, 1"1111 materials,
medicine. supplies and sc1-ence and
research Sinco the council was 01-
Iganized last fall it has held many
meetings with its (omnilsnion. and has
heard the advice of 121% best experts
in each of thescficlds. Each of the
:‘1 11m commis:-1’oners has organized :1
conun’trt't' to tulle care 111' tho- prepar-
alien in a particular field. The
Iuniting mobilization Man is will to be
one of the most ninipictc ~.:1-:'1~.-..1 can
:in any country.
As 11 central body, around which
will resolve the many government and
private, ngencifix working for indus-
tiiai servite, the (Iullllt'li has created
a coninn'i'ciul iconotny board nith
.boaid authority to deal with the cru-
cial problem 111‘ 1;;111'111111- distribution
of commodities. iixpzrlenced econo-
mists v11! serve wltiioni pay on the
board, and their efforts are cxpcctm
to insure the (1'11 11111- 11 rainst the con
fusion and loss or economic power
.1 .5 ,5
Will'-
tatiou has been considered one of the
The need
for facile resources to 1110111 troop
military duty; industrial resources ‘availuhle as auxiliaries in war time. leges. where thousands 0! students leasvol‘ what sort or expansion may and' supplies is partlch‘lmly impera-
incomparably th‘o m'eabest in the: and guns have been placed on many
.'world, already mobilized for public ser-
, nice; and the moral forces Of more
'_ “1111121011 $100,900 Americans awakened mbli'ihments the sturdl
1 10 their country” s peril and nuttedltho coast guard service, more 'than 11g
hunt! their president with a piitrlot-
tic. fervor reincaniatlns the spirit of1laying and cleaning 10 111"- “Shi'-
‘ 1111. _ house service 11:11 the. scientifically:
Although much remains in be done fitted vessels of the bureau of fisher-
._ . mania believe the nation's destinies lea and the coast and geodetic IIsur-
.. on: secure now, do matter how ntub- vey. '
11111111. or prelonged may be the, Ipres- In order to expedite naval construe ,
‘ have of German militarism or how tion more than $100, 000, 000 nuthprized‘
twide the scope of German intrigue. 11y 1111-; 111111 Congress, is being npenti
The slowly maturl‘it'lI preparedness on' naval and private shipyards. The
mutiment has borne fruit in military. 1111;111- hour, ldbor regulation 88 Kill!!!
I mavnl and industrial preparations ing to naval 11111111111111.2111 Isufivetidod
which already have put- -tbe united
Hates on a de‘fonsé basis not even
hoped for two years Ages
Q
.I
'I‘hie.navy,ai1vays'the fil'stiline of'
* ,Rlefenee, baa. cleared its decks 11111-111119 work on which profits amount to
. liquefied incumbIanes, has added as much an 50 per cent to give or?
new limits :uod'er‘tiizedr to meet the ce'dence to navy 119111 on ‘a basis of
.Ixiiexman tactics, and through the pat Ico‘st plus 10 per cent. profit.
iotic Ic‘oopet‘atibn of ship and mater-‘ Detailed plans have been worked
‘ 5111‘ inducers in hurry-big to completionyont through months‘ of study 'by a
“1‘8? 311%le fight-188' emfhthnt- Will' ,special naval board for realigning the
. 316336 last Word in DWI: and Elli ‘whole system of naval bases.
'1: itaIlIldyt ‘
Authorized but ten days ago 0.1111115111111011 are before Congress
it? 000.111an the raw. already. has al- the establishment of new buses and,
most attained the total; To 'pi'o'vide the emargemopt of existing ones can‘
1.111111111111111 offices. aI class of midshib' begin. Around some ,.1 'M 118868 'and-
men 111:5 been graduated three m‘onths ‘other strategic icoast points gi'ent'
ahead. IOE it s time A newly organized steel submarine net's haVe. been swung
grant patrol of submatine chasers is and contracts have beeen awarded
in augment it ate under construction Iin length
' Anny preparations are. less coni- In addition to the 1811 midshipmfin
1111-111, b1 cause of the uncertainty ov-‘ Icommissioned ahead of time,, another
«1' what Congress will authorize for cla‘s's of more than 200 will be gratin;
mm branch of the service. The regu- 'a‘teId" at Annapolis in September. F01“
lam, . numbering' nearly. 120', 000 lhé first time clerical and other:
drained and eduipped in a way which share positions in the. navy 11,8“? been
‘ their ofllceis believa matches unit for opened to Women, and recruiting sta-
unit the- bonsted efficiency 91‘. Ger- tions have been unable to handle the'
luany‘s best, the ready to respond ov- 1111.11 of applications of m‘en- and am;
at 11111111 to whatever call may come. men which has followed Secretary“
The National Guard, 150, 001)“ strong Daniels tor recruits. There is a
vhf-service forzpollce duty thibdgn; .Ian' nthorlzed 1m stream 0 7- ,
or increased -'
agencies are helping insure an ride,
quote supply Io‘fI skilled and unskilled! “*“r
labor. Builders have laid aside pri-- .
i
Rec-i ."
i0 ‘TéONit ‘0 “18 ‘flfll war strength of and as soon as authorization is given:
i
on duty, and. hundreds of small craft tof- 11100 more nets,_ each 1,000 feet.
m Wenfld by months of ‘sérvice' at 'bo'om in recruiting. for the marine , .
too, which; 1111‘s beenI raised 11 -
are undertrninlnn and enlisted men be authorized. Universal sent-'1‘ is
April 20 of the June class at West 11111111. it attentive. machinery for a
38k“? _ £000,000 has been pmfldflifihwflel'.
For increasing the enlisted strength. for immediate one should tbt‘lt method
11 vigorous recruiting campaign is un-I be 111103311. 01'. the emf-1111 rend! ‘0
der‘ war? 1111.11 the cooperation of 0111- go about 11‘s but It can {with the 1130'
or branches of the gov ernment', inclnd- sent regular and national guard IBYB
lug postal o'ttlclalso over the country. tem. 1111111111113 the uncertaintiee‘ of
and many patriotic societies. To deceit Congressional action, the staff 118‘6
trallze the military organizetions; the Ioverloohed no alternatives.
United States has been divided into The worlcbf the National Defense
slximlllmrvfiistricts instead of. four. Council in cakordlnlitlns all defense
Iwith two extra‘ departments added to measures not strictly military 01‘ nav-
bv order of the niesldent and various, the Atlantic coast
at has been regarded by officials as
tire, because the United States has
‘ofthem;plnnw,1re complete for lmme- who could take command have been the method favored, and as a result no railroads built on 11 military plan
dint-11y taking over into the naval 08' designated for commissions from or» of months or study on a. universal and strictly for strategic purposes.
cutlets 0t ery regiment of regulars. Graduation service scheme everything is ready to This has been remedied, however, by
an agreement among the roads to 01)-
score 0f steamers eouipped M“ mine Point has been ordered by Secretary volunteer my of 500.000.0110 or 31,- Name as a unit in war time. “a “,1;
molly to put themselves and their-
working-forces under government or
tiers. The road oillcinls, under the
plan, are to continue in their present
emcee and perform their present du-
ties, but they are to become in fact
if not actually in name governmental
officials. The plan. worked out for
the defense council by Daniel Wil-
lard, president 111111:- Baltiimore &
Ohio, has' the endorsement of the
American Railway Association, which
.. . ,... ,,,,_.._,. _. .... “n
i
i
t
i
i
l
‘ .
"‘1‘”. ,..:
latest Photo of the Atlantic 1111111111111 From. the Pennsylvania
in the ,sev- ;
re. -1
has undertaken to organize a unit oi
railway odicials to look after the spe
cii'ic needs of cat-11 or the military dc
partnlcnts.
As to transportation on side, aside
from the. military, preparations of a
11 idc scope have b' '0n made. By proc
lamation in February, President Wil-
son prohibit-3d the transfer of Ameri-
can merchantmen to foreign flags. In
conferences with builders the federal
shipping board has mapped out :1 plan
for construction of many wooden
ships of 3,000 tons and upward which
could do great service in the. impor-
tant work of breaking dovvn the Ger-
man submarine. campaign and car-
rying food and supplies to the Allies.
They can be built in a short tlnie.
The shipping. board also is seeing to
it that every" available merchantmn'n
not needed by the. navy docs its
:hare for the public service, and uith'
this end in view has made a survey
of hill the nation' a shipping resourc-
es. .To the 5111111 cm: 1110. war risk
insulance bureau recently extended
pact-retina to all classes of goods list-
ed as contraband by the' European
belligerents except actual war muni-
tier-s.
Even more complete. is the mobiliz
i
branch of the military has been auth that usually-I 111111111111 the outbreak of 1111011 of labor resources. The Ameri- '
- can intimation of 111111111 but? under-
111 the (:0- ordinal-Ion plan trampor- taken (0 furnish trained workmen 101‘
any government or public service Un-
skillcd labor is to be provided by the,
public employment service of the la-
bor department,
throughout the country.
any advertising. and tho 3.000 local
bowl: of the,clvll service Commis-
clan and the field forces of the immi-
station bureau, the naturalization b11-
,reau, and the bureau of labor statis-
tics will lend their active 11111.
organization of this vnst'tvork i
'ceedlng under the direction of Sun-
uel Gompers, of the American Feder-
ation of Labor, 11 member of the De-
fense Council’s Advisory Commission,
In the field of munitions product: immigration
tlon, pleld’ges base been secured from;
the great plants which have been 3111)-
and a thoroughI dre'ds of municipalitiea'
i
plying the Allies,
coordination system has been per-I
In 1111111111111 momentum, ‘their 0mm flown-ogr-
ter-
concerns everywhere now engaged ini
other industries have been surveyed ty,
‘ what changesI writers has placed at the disposal
‘ .11“ould be necessary to trannfdritr the “(9539 council 11111111 in
and informed just
their machinery for munitiou making.
. . The council had been given advan- 185T
. lease 'of 11111 experience of many ex»
'1 parts. including E, R Stettlnluskwho
11113 111131 of the enormous munition providing new; meanti- jot wort
business done in this country :by the Isyjstematiling the 11an an I
IAlli-es through J. P. Morgan 8: Com-' establishments will not 1111111111111 i‘
‘Panl’.
rum in might require
'priccs will face prosecution and' set
',a rcii'enchniént in censum'ption 31-313.
‘ ' production, to eliminate waste and L!
which is working eminent deportments in‘ the
through more than eighty branches out 0168mm! machinationmpng
The Poet-
omce Department will do the neces-
The 3.1111 letter carriers no: country In ,
1: prd~I and the' field forces of the
A thorough canvass has been made ‘apparent until therein: 111111111 11‘
‘ lot the country’s wealth of new mater~ltles.1stnce Seecretory 111111111111
inls available for military usage. Cop- lzed the navalebnshlttng 115111111 its! 1.1:. -
Ape-r manufacturers have agreed to Iago
Iisupply the army's need of that pro-,‘been under way in the inter
iduct for the next year 11116 and a national defense and, recently
tfra‘ctlon could a pound, or about half
ithe present market price. Steel oom-
maples. have indicated a willingness
lto- aid in a similar manner and many
other 11111111111113 have offered to do
,thelrblt in any way the federal gov-
.. s 111111 32, 000 companies have
ordered to turn river the plants on-
tirely. to. the president, in can 1111111. 5
_- and one: theni are the great eaten-:1 '
llslun nt ' 0 Henry Ford, the Bethle-
.. .
ore of the plants, under authorlt
granted the president under the
tional Defense act and the last. 1111.7
appropriation bill! The question “
a, food supply alslo has occupied
‘large place. in the preparedness
sldel'ations. Although the afiéflm
deartment bellev es the country‘ 03.11.
,continue not only to be" self-fittbt‘i’hv
'ing but can send great qudnlitiefi
of foodstuffs to the Allies, it is m
izcd that the. advent of waif cellist,
a. basis on which the nationhas pia-
ed itself during the recent years 02'
prosperity. . Secretaiy Houston ' has
app-'a'led to the farmers to increae‘h
conserve all stirplus. Assistant Hm?
retary \'1'ooinan has conferred With.
agricultural land 11111111111111 ‘inte‘rés
in an effort. to secure such crop die
versit‘ication and conservation as will,
make. each section selstup‘portinK
when the nucd comes to use transporf _
tattoo facilities for the military, The
department is also cooperating in
many campaigns being Waged along
these ‘lincs by private organizations,-
inciuding that of the emergency {odd
garden commission for utilization or
all waste city lots for gardening.
So far as finances are concernedyo'i'a
ricials believe there is little to be
feared Ono treasury authority has
estimated that the United States not! "
(an withltand eight times the“ Straits
under which it labored during the 1111111:
in of 1907. To put national and 11514::
vate banks and other concerns 0:11. 'a.
sound economic. basis the resources."
board has taken many precautions, it!
preparedness even including 1h ,
printing of a great quantity of N“
serve .notes which now are ready ' to}
be put into circulation if the 111318.
comes. For the, first .time in 1113er '-
1110 gold 11111111111 1112111 in Treasury"
vaults recently passed the three bil-
lion mark. “
‘No small place in the pmpnrednefl'
plans has been occupied by preoau:
itionary measures against the activi-
:ties of foreign agents, with the diacok
I cry of German plots in this country .
icarly in the war the department at
iju'stice greatly strengthened the R3.-
!cliities of its investigation burent‘t
,In the most that. has elapsed alnoo
then with their ever-increasing revo-
lutions culminating in the disclosure"
of the intrigue .to embroil' Merino nib!
dupandn wurflgainat: “fit ' - ‘
States, the department‘s
tlons haso' gone mobility ffii‘fl‘rd
an ever broadening scale. “
Aid has been sought of (Merger-
1M1!
the approach of actual 1111111111111“ 111
than a: half million government
ployes throughout the '
called upon to be on the' alert bu: It‘ll!
picious activities; In- the great site!
thus enlisted for spy defection
the pollinators. postal malice "
of Agriculture. the. lateral}; Bo .
Bureau. the Customs Bureau, the .
era! Trade Winston, the .
state Commerce Cliuimlssiou ‘d All!
Bureau. In 1111111111111 ‘
‘ernors, mayors and other local
‘clals have been appealed to 8;“!
an
‘statos hove 1116135011 the some” .
or the most- (claim
the national Boil-rd of- Fire 1111i
-tion as to the facilities for meet}
A campaign or mcdndinriem
ZThe extent to which 31511111111121
come to the; aid of the- gin 1'11,
l
i
t
Restablishmenui , will not
importuit exp-111111111111
A. Edison has potentiallyi given 111111111
attentiontoma tests. ThelI .
technical experts from Snort:
Eum'ni of American mietitlil
Norwalk Chronicler