a" u ii ’ r a 5 r ' i l S named it, STATES CONGRESS ' v MM Fin/tree Prealustly in the Doeumentwaad is that: that Spain is Unable to Guarantee Security to m venue—tuna Readyto Carry out Every Obligation lipon‘liiavzhy the Chestnuts—Spain Decreeicru e... legit. llestilities out-emu Washington, Aptli lL—The president today seat the following message to “Mrs-1o! the United states: :‘ Obsdiehtio that WW of the Con» utilities which commands the presi- daatf'ito give. from time to time to the Congress information of the state of the ilalun, and to recommend to their Walton such measures as he shall lurks necessary and expedient, it be- comes my duty now to addrem your body; regard to the grave crisis which arisen in the relations of the ”Wmmhain by reasonoi‘ihe wgriage that for more than three yuan has Min theiueigbborius island? Cubs. 1 hoaobacsueeof intl ‘ connection of the Cuban question ,. themateofonrownllnlonsnd grave ‘ ,the course which it now inetnnbapt upon the nation ‘ adopt must ”ghost to the tradl it! Nu “Marni if it is be in accord with the precepts down by the founders of the concatenate The pmeat‘i‘elblution is but the sub comer oth'as”, _ llar insurrection which ve ’ in Cuba again. the Minion o‘f‘boaln "more; over a period ofmsarlytbaii a century. each of which. “all. W. has sub- leeted the Uni States to great effort sad expense ill enforcing neutrality laws. mused ellirmoua losses to Anter- icsn trade and d'ornmerm caused irrié sum and disturb- our citisena. and b! the aaerelae ei cruel barbarians and , practices of warefare. shocked the “bullies and distilled the sympatth at our people. hiaesr the preset" revolution began . I“. this country has the , donate at our three- ravaged by In and sword in the a “is unequalled tn the the lsbad and rarely par. to the number of the m- aad the bitterness of the con. Motion of modern times a dependent people. striving to have Happened by the power W able. Our people have “(W community to We want. its insta- eemslsroa Virtually paralysed. its g... g... iii 3 l as i leis and whim the law of aliens “leads, pallea’owr own waters sea watch an ramparts is pre- 5 f: a. .3. i i S: i?" 5 u i 3 it if i 4? 3i .. ion ; ’ it irigl it? it if? _ are its 5‘ coauider any form of mediation or in- daed any plan of settlement which did not begin with the actual submission of the iasurgputs to the mother country, and then only on such terms as Spain herself might see it tunnel. The was continued unabated. The resistance of tbe'iusurgeuts was in no wise dimiu~ island. The efforts oi ’Bpain were increased both by the dispatch of fresh levies to Cuba and by the addition to the hor- rors oi the strife of a new and inhuman phaae, happily unprecedented in the modern history of civilised Christian peoples. The policy of devastation and concentration. inaugurated by the cap- ialageusral Shade of October ill, 1896. inhuman of Pinar rial l'tio. was thence ”tended to embrace all the ie~ laai'to dish the power of the Spanlsh ', was able to reach by occupation military operations. ‘ ”airy. including all dwelling up,- agricultural interior. were drl ‘ late the garrison towns or lau- 0f Vla’plaessbaldbytbetroops. The, It‘- ’ ..... moment of provision of ' ”were tabulated. The delds wpre laid waste. dwellings uprooted and Iced. mills destroyed. and. in short. everghing that could desolate the land and render it unlit for human habits; lion or support was commanded by one or ‘other of the contending parties and tried with all the power at their disposal. Depopuiated Areas. By tbetinte the present administration took uflce a year ago. reconcentratloa. aoealled. had been made edecttve over the better part of the four central and western provinces. Santa Clara. Mae tenses, llavana and Floor del Rio. The agricultural population to the estimab- . ed number of 300.000 or more. was bur- ded within the towns and their tmme~ diets victaage. deprived of the means of support. rendered destitute of shel- ter. left poorly clad and exposed to the moat unsanitary conditions. he the scarcity of food Increased with the tie. vastatlon of the depopulateri areas of production. destitution and want be— came misery sad starvation. ' Month by month the death rate increased at an alarming ratios. By starch. rm. 'se— cording to conservative estimates from official Spanish gourmet. the mortality among the reeoneeutradoe from starva- tion and disusss thereto incident. Ill- ceed 50 per cesium of their total burn. her. No practical relief was accorded to the destitute. The overburdened towns already atlIeriag from general dearth could give an aid. the uncalled aenas at cultivation established within the immediate use of the effective military control alarm the elites and thrilled minus proved illusory as a remedy for the sobering. The unfortunate henna. for tin most part women and children. with aged and helplms mes. esteebiad to that of a more liberal party, enm- retorm involving the wider principle oihomeruletordubaandl’ortoltico. Tbsovertureeofthiagovernmenlmads lord. and looking to an immediate and admire ameliorlatlon of the condition of the island, although not accepted to the extent of admitted mediation ia' any shape. were met by assurances that burns rule in an adv phase would be forthwith ofi'ered to Cuba. without waiting for the war to end, and that more humane metbotu should thence- atioua. the new government of Spain continued and completed the policy at. many begun by its predecessor. of law by releasing American cltiseua held an tier one charge or another connected with the insurrection. so that. by the end of November not a stale person entitled in any way to our national pro- tection. remained in a Bosnian prison. leliaflaaauraa. While these negotiations were in progress the increasing deatltutlon of the reconceutradoa and the alarmirg morality among them claimed earnest attention. The success which had at- tended the limited measure of relief ex- tended to the autfering American citi~ sens among them by the judicious ea- pendlture throt‘h the consular agents of the money appropriated espreaply for their succor by the joint resolution approved May 24, 1897. prompted the humane extension of a similar scheme to aid the great body of sulierers. A suggestion to this end was acquiesced in by the Spanish authorities. 0n the 24th of December last i caused to be issued an appeal to the American peo- ple, inviting contributions of money or in kind for the soccer of the starving V 5th of January by a similar public art- nouuea-ent of the William- tral Cuban relief committee with head- quarters in New York city. composed of three members representing the Amer- ican National Red Cross and the relig- ious elements of the community. The efforts of that commission have been untiriug and have accomplished much. Arrangements for free transportation to Cuba have greatly aided the chart. table work. The president of the American lied Cross and representa- tives of other contributory organisa- tions have generously visited Cuba and cooperated with the consul General and the local authorities to make effec— tive distribution of the relief collected through the efforts of the central committee. The war in Cuba is of such a nature that short of an nation or extermina- tion a tlnal ml ltary victory for either side seems impracticable. The alter» native lies in the physical exhaustion of the one or the other party. or per- haps oi botbwa condition which to ob feet ended the ten years' war by the truce of lattice. The prospect of such a protection and conclusion of the urea. ant strife is a contingency hardly to be contemplated with aquanltulty by the civilised world. and least of all by the United limes. alerted and injured as we are. deeply and intimately by its very existence. laseAehedAaArmlettas. Realising this. it awed to be my duty is a spirit of true friendliness. no less to Spain than to tbe Cubans. who have so much to lose by the prolonga- tion of the struggle. to seek to bring about an immediate lamination of the war. To this and l Wtedonihe mus ultimo. as a result of much repre- sentation and museum through the United States minister at llsuriri. lugstlou withoatooneeaalon gave place : through its new envoy, General Wood- , forth prevail in the conduct of bustlil- . ties. Coincidentally with these declar- A tifying friendly regard for this nation . artiferers in Cuba. following this on the % rallied lotig in advance to a policy of overture in the direc- ,4, ; peace and its disap- ion by Spain. the exe- ‘ut to‘thenend of his 1 message of December $1 . measures there re— ” ‘nvulttou of the in- events; reedgnltion of ' of Cuba; neutral in- end the war . a l’ltionai promise g“ - tho mounts and intervention" favor of one or the other party speak not of forcible that cannot no thought r code morality would ‘ loll. Thereupou i alternatives. in the t Grant's measured 1373 when after seven lusty. destruction and " in Cuba. he reached . - that the recognition of ' ' etitable and indefen- '44:. ethic: and ~ ‘ the recognition of bel- lls'mllce , foot warranted by the facts . . -- f to the tests of public law. l com .. ted especially upon the latter aspect the question. pointing out the Wallace and positive dangers of a -ognition of belllgor' lie adding to the al- burdena of neutrality . lcllflll. could not III _ Sour inundated or effort. . e territory or hostili- has since occurred to in this regard—and l readyoneW . process the all-called .. ~ is publish- -a'ad unattended by other anion. accomplish nothing to- ward tbe one end for which we labor. the instant pacltlcation of Cuba and the cessation of the misery that adllcta the island. Turning to the question of recogni- sing at this time the independence of the present insurgent government in Cuba we had safe precedents in our history from an early day. They are well summed up in President .lscrtaou's message to i'ougress. December 2!. it“. on the subject of the recobnitlon of the independents of Tessa. be said. "in all the contests that have arisen out of the revolutions of France. out of the disputes relating to the crowns of Portugal and Spain. out of the separa- tion of the American possessions of both from the European governments. and out of the numerous and constant- ly occurring struggles for dominion in Spanish-America. so wisely consistent with out Just principles has been the action of our government that we have under the most critical streamlines avoided all censure and euwuntered no other evil than that produced by a transient sstrangement of good will in those against who we have been by force compelled to decide." it has thus made known to the world that the uniform potter and practice oi the United titates is to avoid all luv terierenee in disputes which merely relate to the internal. govmmeut oi alternations and to evnttusily recog— also the authority of the prevailing party without reference to our partlcw lav interests and views. or to the mar- itset the originu controversy. ' f ’ liutoathiaasoaevsryothertrytng oeeaslos.sat‘aty tatebefeuadlaarlg- id adherence to prlniepiaa. la the easiest between basis and the melted colonies we stood aloof ummmmmm‘ might be imputedtothe Unitedbtatasnto— timofaeiaah‘iatarastlaviewoftbe formercistmoaourparttothcterrl' tury ctTesaaand ofttho avowed pur- pussoftbe'fesausinaeekiugrecogni- lionofisdependeneeasautneldentto - the incorporation of Texas in the Un- ion; concluding thusz‘r“ , “'Prudonce, Mons. seems to dic~ late that we shooidatlll‘staud aloof and maintain our present attitude. if not until llesleo itself. or one of the great foreign powers. shall recognise the in- dependence of the new attachment. at least until the lapse of time or the course of events shall have proved be- yond part! or dispute the ability of the people of that country to maintain their separate sovereignty and to uphold the government constituted by them. Nel- ther of the contending parties can lust- ly complain, of this course. By pursu- ing it we are but carrying out the long established policy of our government, a policy which has secured to us re~ spect and influence abroad and inspir» ed confidence at home." ' \ These are the words of the resolute and patriotic Jackson. They are evi- dence that the United States. in addi~ tion to the teat imposed by public law as the condition of the recognition of independence by a neutral state (to- wit, that the revulted state cmtstitute In fact in a body politic, having a gov- ernment in substance as well as in name, W of the elements of sta- bility." and taming de facto. "if left to itself. a state among the nations, rea- sonably capable of discharging the du- ties of a state;"l has imposed for its own government. dealing with ones like these. the further condition that independent statehood is not due to a revolted dependency until the danger of its again being anblugated by the pa- rent state has entirely passed away. This extreme test was in fact applied in the case of Te The Congress to whom President. ackson referred the question as one “probably leading to war. and therefore a proper subject for a previous understanding with that body by whom war alone can be do- clsred. and by whom all the provisions for sustaining its perils must be far— nished. left the matter of the recogni- tion of Trans to the discretion of the es 'utlve. providing merely for the ding of a diplomatic agent when the president should be satisfied that the republic of Texas had become ”an in» dependent state." it was so mam by President Vs'n Bursar. who commis— sioned a charge rte ailnlres. hlarcb. l83'l. after licsico had abandoned an attempt to recinuuer the Texan territory and when there was at the time no bona title contest going on between the in- surgent province and its former mv- ereign. 'lo 8e Iariouaty Considered. i said in my message of December last: ”It is to be seriously ctmsidered whether the Cuban insurrection posses- ses beyond dispute the attributes of statehood which alone can demand the recognition of belligerency in its law or.” The same requirement must be. no less seriously considered when the graver issue of recognizing independ- ence is in question. for no less positive test can be applied to the greater act than to the lesser; while on the other hand the influences and consequences of the struggle upon the internal pol- icy of the recognising state. which form important factors when the recognition of belllgervncy is concerned. are m:- ondary. if not rightly. ellminable feat~ urea when the real question is whether the community claiming recognition is or is not independent beyond pendveu- lure. ' Nor from the standpoint of expedi- ence do i think it would be wise or prudent for this government to recog- nise at this time the independence of the «mailed Cuban republic. Such recognition is not necessary In order to enable the United States to intervene and pacify the island. To coininit this malty now to the recognition of any particular government In Cuba might subject as to embarrassing «traditions of internatioaal obligation toward the organisation so recognised. in case oi intervention our cusdaet would be sub- ject to the approval or disapproval of such government; we would be requir- ed to submit to its direction and to so sometoittherelatloaoiamerefrlead- ly ally. When it ehall appear bele- alter that there is withls the Heart a sacrifices ‘of life by internaclhd’ounllicia beyond their borders. is justifiable on rational grounds. it involves, bowel“ er, hostile constraint upon both tip parties to the entries. as well as to lllr force a truce as to guide the eventual settlement. ‘ - The grounds for such interlentlon may be briefly summarined as follows:. First; in the cause of humanity and to put an end to the barbarities, blood- shed. starvation and horrible miseries now existing there. and which the par- ties to the conflict are either unable or unwilling to stop or mitigate. ltjs no answer to say this is all in another country belonging to another nation and is therefore none of our businem. lt,ls specially our duty for it is right at our door. Second, We owe it to our citizens in Cuba to afford them protection and indemnity for life and proveriy. which no government there can or will afford. and to that end to terminate the conditions that deprive them of legal protection. Third-«The right to intervene may be justified by the very serious injury to the commerce. trade and business of our people and by the wanton destruco tion of property and'devastatlou of the island. ‘ Fourth. and which is of the utmost importance—The present condition of affairs in Cuba is a constant menace to our peace. and entails upon this gov» erument an enormous expense. With such a conflict waged for years in an island so'ncar us and with which our people have such trade and business relations-wben the lives and liberty of our citisens are in constant danger and their property destroyed and them- selves ruined-«where our trading vea- sele are liable to seizure and are seized at our very door. by wardiips of a for- eign nation. the expeditions of Ilihus. tel-tug that we are powerless climber to prevent. and the WW illlfliunn and entanglements thb a _ " ll these and others i ne‘ not ‘ duo. with the resulting unwind . arcs constant meuaobio ourp'mheand compel us to keep on a semi-was fool- ing with a war nation with which We are at peace. Thesé‘uleritents of dan- ger and disorder already pointed out have been strikingly illustrated by a tragic event which has deeply and lust- movcd the American people. I have already transmitted to Commas the re- purt oi the naval court of inquiry on the destruction of the battleship hfaine in the harbor of llavana during the night of thewlbih of February. The destruction of that noble vessel has tilled the national heart with inesprcs— atble horror. Two hundred and titty— elgbt brave sailors and marines and two ullicers of our navy. reposlng in the fancied security of a friendly harbor. have born buried in death, grief and want brought to their homes and aor- rnw to the nation. The naval court of inquiry. which, It is needless to say. commands the unqualified couddence of the govern- ment. was unanimous In its conclusion that the destruction of the hlalne was caused by an exterior explosion. that of a submarine mine. It did not assume to place the respon- sibility. That remains to be lixed. The lake bananas. in any event. the deatruetton of the Ilaitte. by whatever exterior «use. Is wpatsnt proof of a state of things in Cebu that is intolerable. 'l‘hat modi- tion is thus shown to be such that the ilpanlslt government cannot assure safety and securitst a vessel of the American navy In tbeabarbor of llav- sue on a mission of peace and rigbt~ fully there. Further flitting in this connection to recent diplomatic mm mm a dispatch from our minister to Spats of an ultimo contained ill! , that the ”slab minister for foreign aliaira assured him positive- ly th lpaln will do all that the high- “ and Justice require in the mattar of the liaise. The reply above referred to of the stat ultimo also con- talaarl an espreaaioa of the readiness of hosts to submit to as arbitration all the dliemeaa which can arise. in this bustier. which is nhuqaeatty explain- ed bribe sole of the Spanish miste- ter at Washingtna’of the lath taatsst. as foibles: ‘ . Astotbeauastloaoi fact which serious than the duel” of views be~ according to the lat-gem j of hu- ; manlty’ and following than! bluorlca‘l» . precedents where neighboring states ‘. have interfered to cheek the‘noniew ~ F. Bishop, 15 Belden WANTED—Wuhib‘, cleaning. Will go out it! will do wafiillg sad home. Terms very . or call, Mrs. W. Court pect avenue, Namath”: WANTED—To; tease. 1,000 to 2.600 spindles F6 ’nnnrifiéfiié"m”, Apply to Miss Adams. nue. Norwalk. and burn. 14 W ,. w Also middle house. South Main street, $15; ' wood block. Chestnut . few apartments, 37 and Dudley P. Ely. See W. A. ‘olllce of Russell Frost. t‘o LET—Apartments No» Main street (live more). . provements, rent. 315. ~ 7 rents from $5 to $10. of m live rooms. Apply to eat hire. Tortuga. 42 East Norwallt. To LET—Six rooms, blasts. t suitable for olhcea; first rooms. No. 10 Union .. " 12 rooms, with input p 9am: wrest. will Hartford place. it. A: w 1‘0 LET—Putty '1 small f ily. rent 87. North fill street. 'ro LET—Jinan. l9 Elmw Apply to Alfred E. Austin. ”m LET-lower door of at: Orchard Istreet. All _, , provementa, bath rod, have, etc. Rooms 3 ted. Two minutes walk . avenue trolley. Very . to family without. small inquire at No. it Orphan! T0 LET—New Hones, first , ' Academy street. modern meats. Inquire of 'l'. 8. I Mcrwln ptreet. To LET—Jilin second and one of the claimant buildlu, ' and Knight streets. if able for otilcea. lodge rooms manufacturing. Rent. inquire of F. E. Quintsrd‘. street. Norwalk. or P. It. ii Washington street. walk. ‘ To Lin—House No. l . seven rooms. rest. til; ‘. -. I and to Tolies strut. Ill rooms each. till: Ive run-a lea street. 38; house. Ive » mid“. llaldaa strait. in order. John 11. . West street. on J. I. Layton. it e—p. o u ~.a.a 1'0 LET—witches corner and Ann streets. 7 rooms. inquire at Hayes' llama y_ T0 LIT-One four room
Norwalk Chronicler