. offload, being Cigaimecxliflz . . mystmsreve’e who“: , ”yeast! thistext iron: the it as «a hyohiecl lntotbe puru- benestl: which lie many .. r at Cawnpur, India. To link Bindooisu: and Moham- y are, where they have full as they represent themselves ,. M of religions,” and to ' » to what extent of crueltyand human nature may go when loose. sndto‘ illustrate the hard- of sin, “and to remind you glorious Christianity may utter pli over death and the grave, I ' City of Blood," or Gawapur, In- . hours and ten minutes after its oo- . Joseph Loeof the Shropshire rog- fl footrode in upon the Cawnpur He was the first man I met at .‘v I wanted to hear the story mono who had been here in 1867, , . his own eyes gazed upon the hood heaps ‘of humanity. I could wait until the horses were put to and Mr. Lee, seated with us, k the scene, the story of which tame in contrast all Modoo and . . hutcherles. “It. Story of the Museum. poems that all the worst passions of ~ weroto heimpersonatedbyone he Nana Sahib, and our escort put, Joseph Lee, knew the man i . Unfortunately there is no cor- lilctureof Nana Sahib in existence. .. ‘ v... of him publishedln thebooks ., . . . and America and hmiliar to us an amusing mistake. This is the fungal-om them: A lawyerof Eng wnscallld to India for the purpose of lag thecaso of a native who had barged with fraud. The attorney andso skillfully managed the case - pliant that the client paid him enor- for his services, and he heat back ad, taking with him a picture of Indian client After awhile the mu , lanndia broke out, and Nana Sahib mentioned as the champion villain of whole affair, and the newspapers of . ~ .Wlntcd a picture of bin: and to 2 some one on Indian affairs who recently been in India. Among others alist called upon this law'yer late- !oturned. The only picture he had t from India was the plcturoof his t, the man charged with fraud. The . : gave this picture to the journals specimen of the way the liindoos and forthwith that picture was used, by mistake or intentionally, for Sahib. The English lawyer said be I: dread that his client would some see the use made of his pictmand it “not until the death of his Hindoo that: the lawyer divulged the facts. . .. “was never intended that the d nacho demon should be preserved human records. 1 said to our , “Mr. Lee, was there any peculiar- Xana‘Sahib's appearance?" The re- ‘ V“: “Nothing very peculiar. He was dull, lazy, cowardly, sensual man, 3. up to do nothing and wanted to In on the same scale to do noth- . . what Mr. Lee told me and iron: could learn in India, Nana Sahib or- thl nussacre in that city from sheer His father abdicated the throne, ngliI-rh paid him annually a pen- (if $0 When the father died, . . overnmont declined to pay mile pension to the son, Nana Sahib, the poor fellow was not in any auflcr- from lack of funds. His father left 880,000 in gold ornaments, $500,000 do, $800,000 in bonds and other ro- . mounting to at least $1,600,000. . thopoor young man was not satisfied, the Cawnpur massacre was his re~ General Wheeler, tho Englishman EM command of this ciiy, although horned could not see that the some loaning for his destruction and all his regiments and all the Edi-Ir in Cawapur. I A missile: Documefi. . “explained all this to me by the “General Wheeler had married a ‘ - Md be naturally took her story ' « » . . t there was noperil. But the for the proclamation iron: Nana f-ia- fl ' some, and such a document went “never before had seen the light of ' I give only an extract: as kindness of God, and tho .. neoi the emperor, all the Chris ,soldiors who went in disguise ‘ fainter cityand were discovered, . and sent to hell by the pious .. ~ , troops who are firm tothoir and as they have all been clon- the t government so as ”it tmlcft in these places it duty of all the subjects and servants like mount to rejoice at the de- llibliigcnce and carry on their work with comfort and ease. boon of theglorloueAlrnlgbty enemy ostroylug fortune of the the yellow faced and narrow have been sent to hell, and "I has been conquered, it is neces- all the cabinets and landowners will: servants should be as present government as been to the former one; that it best duty 3: all figment- every ct to It the fluid that the Christians sent to hell, and both the Hill- .lfehamnicdau religions have been - and that they should. as usual, ’ to the authorities of the gov- and never sonar any complaint v. Ivorian-cl: lathe eareoi authority.” lair, what is this?" I said taohr thou urrisge halted byan en:- "lim'f he said, “is the in- whom the consumer Cows. ii is the remains of a be time of the mutiny was W . , In. behind «nus, with no the sun, the best at m Ile- uli see some and club smell. was the o 'Hindocsouuidcthiv freilwall. ‘ My ”mum waiting so (ill. Why did \ suffering, dying is? inside. Institution” tummy of t induce and Holistic an invislb on": sienna-see «doped upon than Some want rsvia mad node: are. Othersdroppod on crapoplo‘sy. starving, mediated, favored, sunstruck. Mdowa those mud wells and the 10,009 annihilate the now less this: 1.000! It was btcouscthey seemed supuoaturally defended A Proposed Treaty. Nana fishih resolved to celebrate an an: niversary. The and of June m7. would be 100 years since the battle of Plum,“ when, under Laid Olive, India surrendered to England. That day the last European in Oewupur was tobe slaughtered. Other anniversaries have been celebrated with wine; this was tobecelebratod with blood. Other anniveraarlcs have been Indorned with garlands, this with drawn swords. Others have been kept with songs,lbis with executions. Others with the dance of the gay, this with tho‘danoe of death. The infantry and cavalry and artillery of Nana Sahib made on that day one grand assault, but the few guns of the English and Scotch put to flight these lilndoo tigers. The courage of the floods broke against that mud ”wall as the waves of the sea against a lighthouse. The cavalry horses returned full run without their riders. The Lord looked out from the heavens, and on that anniversary'day gave the victory to his people. - Therefore Nana Sahib must ti y some other plan. Standing in a field not far from the intrenehmont of the English was a native Christian woman. Jacobee by name, holding high up in her hand a lat 'ter. It was evidently I: communication from the enemy, and General Wheeler or- dered the woman brought in. She handed him a proposed treaty. If General Wheeler and his men would give up their weapons, Nana Sahib would conduct them into safety. They could march out unmolested, the men, women and children; they could go down tomorrow to the Ganges. where they would find boats to take them in peace to Allahabad. There was some opposition to signing this treaty, but General Wheel wife told bin: he could trust the n ives, and out molestation they went on plenty of water to drink and good wash. The hunger ill ‘ exposure from the censure ng‘fiun, with , young ladies of the lntrencbmcnt would scapetho wild beasts in human form. ( ntbe mnrrow, true to the promise, carts ere ready to transport those who were to: much ex- hausted to walk. Inscriptions. . “(let inIthel carriage," said Mr. Lee, “and we will ride to the banks of the (tongue. for which the liberated combat- ants and noncmnbntnnts started from this place.” 0:: our way Mr. Lee pointed out a monumentovcr the burial place which was owned for General Wheeler’s in- trenchirent, the well into which every night the (land had lumdrnppod. Around it is a curious memorial. There are five crosses, one at each corner of the garden, and one at the center, from which inscrip~ tion I today read fny text. Riding on, we some is: the Memorial church, built to the memory of those fallen in Cilii'llpill'. The walls are covered with tablets and cpl- taphs. lcuplml two or threeeoi the in- scriptions—"’l‘hcsc are they who come out of grunt tribulatiom” also, "The .1va shall be raised incorruptlblm” also, “in the world yI-shnll have tribulation, but be of good vlwvr; I have overcome the world;" also. ‘;'l‘lio Lord gave, the Lord hull: taken uw::y;" also, "Conn: unto Illt‘, all ye that labor and are heavy laden." "Get into tboearriagc," said Mr. Lee. and we rode on to the (league and got out at'a ilindsm temple standingon the banks. "New," said Mr. heir, "here is the place to ublI h Gum rul Wheeler nml his eople smile under the escort of Nana Szihli. I went down the an ps to the nmrgin of the river. Down these steps went General Wheeler and the men, women and children under his care. They stood on one side of the stops, and Nana Sahib and his stall stood on the other side. As the women were getting intotho boats Nam: h‘abibobjocwd that only the aged and infirm wmnen and children should go on board the boats. The young: and attractive women were kept out. Twenty-eight boats won: filled with men, women and children and ilont~ ed out into the river. Each boat contained ten armed natives. Then three boats, fas- tened together, were brought up, and Gcn~ oral Wheeler and his staff not in. Al» though orders were given to start, the three boats were somehow Fili'IlllllIKl. At this luncturc a boy iii years of age hoisted on the top of the lllndoo tenipluon the banks two ilngs——a lllndoo and I: Mohamnwdan flag—at which signal the hoatpu-n and arnwd nnti voa jumped from the boats and swan: for the s,hnn- and from innumer- able guns the natives on the bunk fired on the limits, and masked batteries above and below roan-Ii will: destructionmnd the boom sank with their precious cargo. and all event down save three lining swimmers, who got to the oppimitu show. "Plume who struggled out near by were dashed in death. Nana fiahib and hi staff. with their swprds, slashed to piece General Wheeler and his stall, who had not got well away from the show. The Climax IV! Diabolic!» i said‘ that the young and attractive women were not allowed to get into the' bout. These were marched away under the guard of the eepoys. “Which way?" linqulrcd. “l willsbow you " said Mr. Lee. Again we took seats in the carriage and started for the climax of desperation enddiaboiiiun. Now we are on the way to I: summer house called the assem y mains, which had been built form tion and pleasure. It had two moms, each to by 10, and mine window- less closets, and here were imprisoned 906 helpless people. it was to income the prison of these women and children. Some of these scpcys get permission of Nana Sahib to take one or more of these ladies to their own place on the proteins they should be brought back to the sum- mer garden next morning. A daughter of General Wheeler was so when and did not return. Elie afterward climbs! the Mo- smmedsn who had taken her to his tent. e sepoys amused themmlvos by thrust. lag children through with bayuncts and holding do m up before their mothers in the summer house. All the doors closed, and the sepoy‘s standing guard. the crowd- ed women and children waited lliell'm orlll days and nights amid sickness and Mill! and um I and nomad”... . Then Ilene bulph heard on new Il' eauhnmuwweseimsuo , *7 When the English and Scotch troops toli‘ 9M3.” over the fl'bua sci the bourbon ones and only a few were killed. ’l‘hcn aua slant was in a me and ordered professional buichcrs from among the lowest of the ”plummet thcwork. Fiveoi ti: with hetebete and swords and knives all: the work, but three of them collapsed and fainted under the ghastlilm's. and it was left to m: butchers to con: lie slaughter. The struggle, the up out, “fiend skull, the begging for life, the agony of hour after hour, the tan- gled limbs of the corpses, the piled up dead—only God and those who were inside the summer house can ever know. The butchers came out exhausted, think- ing they had done their work, and the doors were closed. But when they were again opened three women and three boys were still alive. All those were soon dis- patched, and not a Christian or a Euro- pcau was left in (lawnpur. The murder era were paid 60 cents for each lady slain. The Mohammedan assassins dragged by the hair the dead bodies out of the sum- rucr house and threw them into the well, by which I stood with such feelings as you cannot i.rnagine But after the mat!- lated bodieshad been thrown into the well the record of the scene remained in hiero- glyphics of~orimson on the floor and wall oi the slaughter house. An eyewitness says that as be walked in the blood was” shoe deep, and on this blood were tufts oi hair, pieces of muslin, broken combs, frag ments of pinuiores, children's straw hate, u eardrum: containing a curl with the in- scription, "Ned’s hair, with love," a few loavesoi an Epismpai prayer book; also a book entitled “Preparation For Death," a Bibleon the fly leaf of which was written, “For darling momma, iron: her affection- atodaughtcr, Isabella Blair," both the one who presented it and the one to whom it was presented depaitcd forever. A Ghostly Well. I said, “Mr. Lee, I have heard that in-‘ delicate things werew rittcn on the wall. " He answered, “No, but these poor area: turns wrote in charcoal and scratched on the wall the story of the inmtalitles they had suficroI ." came upon the scams, their wrath was so grant that General Neill had the butchers arrested, and before being shot compelled them to wipe up part of the floor of this place of massacre, this being the worst of their punishment, for there is nothing a [Nation so hates us to touch blood. Whvn llavclook came upon the no, he had this order annulled. 'l‘liowcll now not only full of human bodies, b corpses piled on the outside. The soldiers were for' many hours engaged in covering the dead. It was about he clock in the evening when I came upon this plate in Cawnpur. The building in which the massacre took place has been torn down, and a gnnlc n of exquisite and fragrant flowers surrounds the scene. Mr. Lee pointed out to us some 70 mounds containing bodies or [Minions «of bodies of those not thrown into the Well. A soldier stands on guard to keep the foliage and flowers from being rutb lossly pulled. I talked a soldier if I might take a rose as a memento, and he handed me a cluster of roses, rod and whim, both colors suggestive to inc—the red typical of the carnagetbcre enacted and the white for the purity of those who from that spot ascended. But of course the most absorb- ing interest concentrated at the well, into which hundreds of women and children were flung or lowered. A circular wall of white marble ineloses this well. The wall is about 20 feet high. Inside this wall there is a marble pavement. I paced it and found it 57 pass; around. in the center of this inclosure and immediately above the well of the dead is asculptured angel of resurrection. with illumincd face and two palm branches, meaning victory. This angel is looking down toward the slum- berers bum-nth, but the twupvlngs suggest the rising of the last day. Mighty mum» lstlon in marble! They went down under the hatcheis "I the fivpnys; they shall come up under the trumpet that shall wake the dead. I felt wank and all a-ircm- ble as I stood reading these wards on the stone that covers the well: "Sacred lo the perpetual memory of a grant company oi Christian pimple, chiefly Women and chil- dren, cruelly massacml near this spot by the rebel, Nana Sahib, and thrown, the dying with the dead, into the well beneath on the 15m day of July, 1857. " (in the arch of the mausoleum were cut the wards, "Those are they who come out of great tribulation." Food tor Vmuros. The sun was sinking beneath the hori- zon as I came down the seven oneight steps of that palace of a pruioher, and l betbcugbt myself. “No emperor, unless it was Napoleon, ever had more glories unless it were the one of Ta) lilahal, had reared for her grander cenotaph than crowns the mating places of the martyrs at Cawnpur. ” But when: rest the bones of the Herod oi the nineteenth century, Nana Sahibl No one can tell. Two men sent out to had the whereabouts of the 0m: h— tcr of General Wheeler tracked Nana . u bib during a week’s ride into the wilder- ness, and they were told that for awhile after the mutiny Nana Sahib set up a lit- thousand lllndoos and Mohammedans he took for himself the only twu tents the neighbors had, while they lived in the rain and mud. Nana Sahib, with one servant carrying an uinbroila, would go every day to bathe, and people would go and stare. .ll'or some reason after awhile he forsaok even that small attention and disappeared among the ravines of lllmalayan mountains. lie took with him in his flight that which he always took with him --a ruhyof vast value. He wore it as some wear an amulet. lie wore it as some wearalifc preserves. He wore it on his bosom. The flindco priest told bin: as long as he were that ruby his fortunes would be good, but both the ruby and the prince who wore it have vanished. Not a treasure on the outside of the bosom, but a "mouse inside the heart. is the bestpro- tectien. Solomon, who had rubies in the hilt of meals. and rubies la the lip of the taukards. and rubies in his crown, declared that which Nana Sahibdid not find out in time, "Wisdom is hotter than rubies." When the forests of India are cleared by the am of another civilisation, the lost ruby of this (.‘awnpur monster may be glued up and be brought back again to less among the world's jewels. But who shall reclaim for decent so have the re- malnscf Nana fiaiiibf As the vultures! All thoroptileal Ask the laokalsl A“ the midnight ilimiduymii blush criticism has been made of Eli beating the supine rose the heck of the mutiny. The Hind wide the Aviation phad started. The plot the blinding blow, thcclesving through rice, around his pillow of dust, and no quocn,’ tie pomp in the militias. Among . few lug the inspection was dilly permitted. M 4 m» sumo am n: m ' ‘ man would he found liyiua the air. .» ton mhthewindoive. but theyilreii You mar dcyour own criticism. lhero no opinion. There an: be up , uht, however, that that mode of finally found that the Euro as could play at the some game was organized for the murder of all the Europeans and Americans in India. Un— do:- its knives and bludseoas American .lfr. and Mrs. 0ampbell,Rev Mr. and Mrs. MoMuiiin, Rev. Mr. and hire. Johnson. Rev. Mr. and Mrs. Frec- man! The work of slaughter had been begun in all directions on an appalling scale, and the commanders oi the glish army made up their minds that this was the best way to stop it. A mild and gen- tle war with the sopoys was an impossibil- ity. The natives of India over and anon have. demonstrated their cruelty. I stood on the very spot in Calcutta where the na- tives of India in 1756 enacted that sdbne which no other people on berth could have enacted. The Black Hole prison has been torn down, but a stone pavement 90 feet by 20 indicates the ground covered by the prison. The building had two small win- dows and was intended for two. or three prisoners. 'l‘hese natives of India crowd ~d into that one room of 20 feet by 20 feet in Europeans. The midsummer best, be suffocation, the trampling of one upon another, the groaning. and shrieking and begging and praying of all are matters of history. The viiipflyfl that night bold lights to the email windows and mocked the sui- ferors. Then all the sounds waned. That night oi Juno 20, 1756, passed. and 128 corpses were taken out. Only 23 people of the 146 were alive, and they had to be pulled out from under the corpses. Mrs. Carey,»~yvbo survived, was taken by the Indian nabob into his harem and kept a prisoner six years. Lucknow in 1857 was only an echo of Calcutta in 1756. During the mutiny of which I have been speaking natives who had been in the service of Europeans and well traded by them. and with no cause of offense, would at tbeeall of the mutinears and without any oompunction slab to death the far there and mothers/of the household and dash out the brains of the children. Christianlw mandarin-7 Those natives are at peace now, but give then: a chance, and they will re-enact the comes of [756 and 1857. They look upon the English asconqueruru and then:- sclves as conquered. The mutiny of 1857 roocnrrmi because the British government was too lenient and put in places of trust and in command «if forts too many of the natives. lcall upon England to stop the present attempt to palllute the natives by allowing them to hold positions of tr at I am no alarmist, but the only me, but these Aslaticscan be kept from another mutiny is thut them out of power, and 1' say beware, or the Lucknow and (Yawn- pur and Delhi martyrdomsovcr which the hemlspr-ws have wept will be ccilpsml by the Lucknow and iiawnpur ami Delhi nmrlyrdums yet to be enacted. I speak of what I have seen and Ricard. Igivc the opinion of every intelligent Englishman and Smtchman and Irishman and Amerb can when: I met in India. Prevention is hotter than cure. I do not any his better that England rule India. I say nothing against the right of India to rule herself. But I do say that the moment the native population of lndia think there is a meal bility of driving back Europeans from In- die they will make the attempt, and that they have enough chloltles, for the time supprI-mml, which if let loose would sub merge with carnage everything iron: (‘Iil outta to Bombay and from the Himalayas“ to Commando]. Now, my friends, go home after what I have said in see the beauties of the Mo- hammedanisin and llindoolsn: which many think it will be well to have intro- duced into America, and to dwull upon what natural evolution will do where it has had its unhindered Way for tlmusnnds of years, and to think upon the wonders of martyrdom for Christ's shim, dial to pray more earnest prayers for the mission- aries, and to contribute more largely for the World‘sI‘vnngvllzatlon, and to im more assured than l'Vi‘f that the overthrow of the iIlolntrlrI-I of nations is such a stupen- dous work that nothing but an oiunlpotvnt God through the gospel of Jesus v-Uhriet can ever achieve it. Amen! ‘ an emo Sight cr .’ (Janet. A wmnnn traveling in Japan a year ago sponta night at an isolated little inn in the mountains. When her party reached the place, the landlord, or master of the house, for the place hardly seemed an ac- crI-Ilitod hotel, showed some reluctance to necemnnxintu the travelers. Finally he signified his willingness on one condition. When the condition was stated, it created consternation, being a request that t I: lady Would allow him the privilege of slsllng at that ponion of hermornln to lot which had to do with the puttl of her corsets. The man had, it see hoard oi these strange garments, but in d never before caeountcredaforeign woman and felt that the opportunity of his life had come to appease an inordinate curios- ity in the matter. After some natural hesitation the A mericnn woman consented to pay this very odd price for the housing oi herself and friends, and the next mom The Japanese host was most doicrentlal, but also minute in the examination, walk- ing around her several times with many dcpmcatury smiles, finally approaching gingerly and touching the bodice of bone and drilling. lie was evidently greatiy' amazed and decidedly shoe ed that any Woman could so ineasc be his guest had finished her toilet and ap- peared b: the breakfast room his eyes fol- lowed hcr constantly with an expression of fascinated interest, which was varied from time to time by a shake of tho"heod and a solemn look of dcprcontlon, as if one should say. “ltis true indeed: but. oh, how dreadfuli”—-New York Times. a— anointing. Asa mic, eye declaring is too dangerous to be encouraged. The following, how- ever, may be suggestive. Strabismue, com- monly called squinting, when not the re- sult oi organic derangement, is frequently acquired in childhood by neglected boys and glyh, Mm, in their foolish Mom to look Elm; ulm. show all or mimic startling cases. When one eye only is effected, it may be l'lll‘i‘il by blindfolding the other eye chcI: :l in pro Iinilv until the habit has been broken no i macs of mulntlng ia- ward. caused luv a division of the inner muscles of the eyeball. require an "1wa tiou, which must be polio ruled by a skill iui surgeon. 'fburehm so many splendid lullrmarles in America where im twat- llmy Ilatciuali and iii:- collation . goat is given renowned specialists that to give the 81 WASHINGTON STREET, SAYS: , Marriage isn’t a failure so far as Footwear is ' Prceb minim lost its glorious missiona- When the family buy shoes of OLSEN, i 't domestic economy , , There’s style and solidity in our ladiee,’ men’s and children“, shoes at 01.00, 01.25, u. to, 32.00, 32.50, 33.00, «.00 and to. ()ur increasing trade is a compliment to our goods. we aim Finest Footwear Figures Customers say we do. They know. THEODORE H DLSEH SOUTH NORWALK. The Leading Dry Goods Store. ‘ . Tris—tram & Hyatt, No. 2 Gazette . Building. " each. price, 25c each. to 'lch. 69c. GLOVES. Gloves will certainly please you. young or old. Boys' Gloves I: specially. 20 styles some as above, only finer, 18c each. 50 choice, nest, dainty styles ladies’ Handkerchiefs of our own importation} shallow-d edge, liner and better embroidered than you ever before got them for the NEW YORK, rut PWLLEM . 01ij 0F . , line on anommt of the owners thereof —-—A8K FOR—- HHDWH’S $3.00 SHDE. And you will see not only a Neat and Perfect Fitting Shoe.» , ‘ But one in which the Best malarial is Used. Combining Durability and Style and after . 325 Main Street. is'erbnlusl r a parent to neglect bio on r «term HDLIDAY OFFERINGS DF HANDKEHDHIEES' Our new stock of Holiday Handkerchifs recommends itself to those who are seeking practical and useful presents for friends, and we have made it a point to be well supplied in this particular. Nice goods never have been cold so low and our stock abounds with desirable haudkerchieis of all kinds,and we can insure to every buyer of these goods values that are unquestioned bargains at the prices we ask. 25 different styles ladies' scalloped edged embroidered Handkerchiefs, 10c Ladies’ ell linen bemstitcbed Handkerchiefs in l, l and 1 inch home from 12; Gears all linen Handkerchiefs in tap: and hemetitched borders from be to An elegant assortment of Silk Mullins, 30 inch square, in white brocade, block or blue grounds, with red and white polka dots. GLOVES. In variely and range for selection to suit all needs our complete stock of H We have Gloves for everybody, small or lsrgeJ . lristram &. Hyatt, Horwalk, Donn. Did auditilellable Daily Direct Freight Line —l.i ETWE EN- SOUTH NORWALKgANn .NORWALK. NORWA‘LK; ‘ EAGLE m , VULGAN, Will leave Pier 23, E it, lieekuian street New York, at -'i p. to. have Norwalk, 5 p. an; South Norwalk, 0.00 p. m. Freight received from 7 a. In. to 5 p. m. Upon application to agents the City of Norwalk, Eagle and Vulcan will'be sent for special lots of freight anywhere in New York or its vicinity. Iran persons are forbid trusting any of the employee of the boats of ”his cell Making it the best 03.00 Seamless Shoe in the market. EVERY PAIR WARRANTED. Call and examine them before purchasing any other shoe. I.“ H. S; BROWN’S, South Main Street. 80. Norwaik. BHIDBEPHHT BUSINESS flDllEDE (rm; IIORTHAID’IOHOOI.) Bridgeport. Only regularly organized business college in Fairdeid County. . Send for new illustrated catalogue giving the names of over 1,000 graduates we have placed in business. Elilllll' *Pllfll IEWVIMMPIIIM_ Conn.
Norwalk Chronicler