,
WALK ‘ GAZETTE.
WHOLE N UMBER. 1130. .
, NCRWALK, CONNECTICUT, TUESDAY, AUGUST 31,1869.
VOLUME LIL-«NUMBER '35.
NORWALIK GAZETTE.
The Second Oldest Paper in the State.
OFFICE IN GAZETTE BUILDING.
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' l
pert
ALEX. S. GIBSON,
Organist of the First Congregational Church.
{16322033. THE CITY OF NEW YORK,
Teaehcrpf the
Plano-Forte, Organ and liluslcal Com-
sltion.
Box 879 P. 0. Norwalk, Conn.
In New York, care Pcloubet, Pclton d: 00., S41
Broadway.
Vi’ . RANDEL SBIITII,
Attoru cy at Law,
Office removed to New Bank Building, Norwalk, Ct,
” PATENT AGENCY.
erLrA—fi VINE,
Agent and Solicitor of Patents,
Mechanical Draughtsman and
MODEL BIAKER,
VVinnipauk, Conn.
J01; N COTTER,
PATENT AGENT,
ENGINEER. MACHINIST Ann MECHANICAL
-nuanouusmem,
Mann facturcr of Models for the Patent Office, Work-
ing Model;, Patterns, and all other light. machinery
in general. Over Church’s Machine Shop,
611115 NORWALK, CONN.
G. O. KEELER a: BROTHER,
Wholesale U10 Retail Dealers in
Groceries, Flour, Feed, dam,
Nos. 12. 14 and 16 Main Street, Norwalk, Conn.
' ELBERT CURTIS,
Merchant Tailor,
lurlis’s Building, Main Street, Norwalk, Ct.
Gents' and Youth’s Clothing cut and made to order,
at short notice, of the best materials, in the latest
styles, by experienced workmen. Prices reasonable.
G. a; G. M. HOLMES,
DEALERS IN
GROCERIES,
FLOUR,
PROVISIONS, &c.,
Main Street, Norwalk, Ct.
C. S. LOCKIVOOD,
Fashionable Draper & Tailor
AND
Gentlemens Furnishing Emporium,
Main Street, Norwalk, Conn.
AGENT FOR THE
Singer Manufacturing Co’s
First Premium Sewing Machine,
The best Machine for general work.
Elna Insurance Co. of Hartford,
lucn‘poraled 1510, Charter Perpetual.
Capital grad Assets, $5,052,880 19
lusures against loss and damage by. Fire, on terms
adapted to the hazard, and consistent With
the laws of compensation.
GEORGE R. Cur-ii s, . . .
Sole Agent for Norivaik and yielnity.
Norwalh Insurance Company.
Roun‘ALK, CONN.‘
Cash Capital, $500,000
.Pald up Capital. $100,000
Wu. C. Srm-zizr, President, Gnu. R. COWLES, Sec’y.
Ennx. Hist, Treasurer.
GEO. R. COVVLES,
S AGENT at Norwalk, and issues policies for the fol-
lowing Insurance Companies.
dfltna, of Hartford, Assets Jan. 1st, ’63, 5,052,880
Home, of N. Y., “ “ “ 9“ 3,730,981
Phoenix, of N. Y., “ “ ,“ “ 1,558,567
Home, of N. ., “ “ “ “ 1,533,219
Security, ofN. Y” “ “ “ “ 1,477,677
International, 1 . '., “ “ “ “ 1,128,012
Springfield F. d: 31., “ " “ “ 781,067
Yonkers A: N. Y., “ “ “ “ 734,386
North America. N. Y. “ “ “ “ 702,162
Putnam, 110., “ “ " “ 618,108
Lamar, N. Y., “ “ “ “ 509,963
Commerce, Albany N. Y., “ “ “ 563,873
Western Buffalo, N. Y., ” “ “ 553,257
Merchants 110., “ “ “ “ 418,309
North America, H’d., “ “ “ ‘f 401,274
Norwich, “ “ “ “ 476,919
People’s, Worcester, “ “ “ *‘ 400,000
Balm of N. Y., “ “ “ “ 270,146
Commonwealth N. Y.,“ “ ” “ 250,000
Wesachester of New Rochelle N. Y., 200,000
Peepics of Middletown, Conn., 115,000
Enterprise of Cincinnati, 1,000,000
And other Companies, Stock and Mutual, in Connecti-
cut, Massachusetts and New York. At So. Nor-
walk. application may be made to Will. T. CRAW.
Stillll Nurvail Insurance Agency,
Representing over $25,000,000.
Hartford Fire Ins. Co., Assets 32,026,000 00
North America 1115. C0,, Philadelphia, 2,000,000
Get-mania Fire Ins. 00., New York, 1,000,000
City Fire lns. 00., Hartford, “ 450,000 00
Middlesex Mutual Ass’c, Co., “ 800,000 00
LIFE INSURANCE.
Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company,
Assets $20,000,000 00, '
Office in Swords’ Building, South Norwalk.
22tf L. F. BEERS, Agent.
THEPEOPLE’S
O O A I.- Y A B. D .
Goal, Wood (it Mason’s Building
MATERIALS. -
THE subscriber having had along experience in
the above named business, and having superior
facilities for procuring the best kinds of Coal, &c.,
&c., at the lowest market rates, would respectfully
call the attention of the public to his Yard for all ar-
ticles in his line before purchasing elsewhere. Sam-
ples of coal and a slate will be kept at the Shoe Store
of JAMES U. CARIER, Main Street. All orders left
there will meet with prompt: attention.
CHARLES T. LEONARD,
WATER STREET, NORWALK.
Gnocnums
Cheaper than ever, for Cash.
THE subscriber would inform the public cucraily,
that he still continues to sell the best of ‘rocerics,
Provisions, &c., at his old stand No. 4 Skiddy’s Block,
as chea ,as the cheapest. Ile offers great inducements
to cash tigers, as he has as large an assortment of gro-
ceries of e best ualitics as can be found at any store
of the country. 0 would invite the special attention
in all to his stock of
COFFE ES, TEAS, AND SUGARS,‘
which are of the _very best quality, and will be sold
cheap. The public are invited to call and examine and
judge for themselves. A. MOREHOUSE.
, For Sale.
DEVOB’S KEROSBNB OIL.
’IN5gallon Patent Sealed Cans, with cork-lined
screw nozzles. Warranted perfectly safe. Eco-
nomical. Convenient, and a splendid Illuniinator
The use of this oil is urgently recommended by the
New York Fire Commissioners and the Fire Insu-
rance Companies generally. E. K. LOCKWOOD.
THE GREATEST DISCOVERY OF THE AGE?
DR. TORREY’S
FOOTOLIN E,
acknowledged by all who have tried it to be the only
SURE REMEDY for Corns, Bunions, and all diseases
of the feet. For sale by H. hi. 8:. C. S. PROWIT’I‘.
Y. M. C. A. of Norwalk,
REE READING Roost—Open from 7 o’clock;
A. M., to 9 o’clock P. M., in Lockwood’s Build-
ing, Morning and Evining Newspapers, Magazines,
' DENTISTRY
Esau-uh Nor-walk.
KENDALL dz. HART, Operators.
E are now prepared to receive our patients at.
Vb any time during the week. We extract teeth
with or without the use of LAUGHING GAS.
Wednesdays we devote entirely to extracting Teeth
WITHOUT PAIN. _
The principal Operator in Coltou’s Dental Association
has repeatedly declared that South Norwalk is the best
place within his knowledge, (out of Cooper Union) to
have teeth extracted. _
We particulary invite those who may desire
. ARTIFICIAL TEETH,
to examine our manner of work and (prices before
procuring them elsewhere. Teeth title in the most
approve manner. Those partially broken away by
decay, restored to their former size and shape.
Q! . .—
THE MODEL DEARKET.
WILLIAI‘I IVIITCIIELL,
AVING become proprietor of this old establish-
ed and ever popular market, is prepared 10 fur-
nish Hotels, Saloons, Families, &C.,‘Wllh Meats of all
kinds, of the best quality, in any desired quantity and
at the lowest market prices. The continued, patron-
rr , bl'c solicited.
sic 0f the p“ ‘ WILLIAM MITCHELL.
NORWALHK EIACEIENE SIEOP.
IIE subscriber would respectfully inform Manufac-
T turers and others using Machinery, in .Norwalk
and vicinity, that he is prepared to do all things per-
taining to a general machine shop. All orders for the
making or repairing of every description of Machinery
attended to with roniptness by experienced workmen.
Having added a team Engine (in addition to water
power) to his works, he flutters himself he 15 well pre-
pared to do all kinds of work at very short notice. ~
. ISAAC CHURCH, Jr.
Machine Shop just. back of the Post Office and Horse
Railway Buildings. 11
A. JACKSON a ERO.,
No. 1 Gazette Building.
OULD invite the attention of their old customers
and the public generally to their varied and ex-
tensive stock of
WATCHES, JEWELRY, SILVER WARE, FANCY
Goons, SILVER PLATED WARE, &-c.,
which was selected with great care and is not to be
surpassed in Fairfield County. in quality or price.
Constant additions are made of all the latest styles of
goods. A. JACKSON ob BRO,
SOMETEIING NE‘V 2
A FIRST CLASS CITY
Dana and Tailoring Establishment
At NO. 1, Gazette Building, (up stairs)
THE subscriber would respectfully inform the cit-
izens of N orwaik, that he has made arrange-
ments to open a first-class, New York City Establish;
merit, as above. where he pledges himself to give sat-
isfaction to all his customers.
He will give special attention to Boys Garments as
well as those ,of gentlemen. Persons bringing their
own cloth can have the same cut or made up, in an ar-
tistic manner, at reasonable prices.
FRANCIS J. MCKEON.
SOUTH NORWALK
Planing M111 Co.
Builders and others are informed that this Compa-
ny are now prepared to execute in the best manner,
at short notice, all kinds of
Steam Sawing,
' Scroll Sawing,
Planing,
and Turning.
They will also furnish en the most reasonable terms
all kinds of '
Lumber and Timber,
, and manufacture to order,
Sash, _
Blinds,
Doors, Etc.
BALUSTERS, NEWELS. &C.,
for Stairs and Railings, and
Black “'alnut, Ash, Cherry,Whlte wood
&c., kept constantly on hand.
Prompt attention given to orders. Works near the
Steamboat Landing, SOUTH NORWALK.
c. F. TOLLES,
D. R. AU TILE} R. I. TOLLES, Treasurer.
R. I. TOLLES
MES. 13. r). MURFEY’S
DIAGNETIC LINIRIERT‘,
The great Pain Cure of the Age,
For the relief of all Rheumatic and Inflammatory
Disease. Never fails to give SpeedyRelief in the most
acute suffering, by a. few applications. For sale at
Manufacturer’s Price, by the dozen or gross, by
BROWN 1% \VILCUX, corner of Marshall and Main
Streets, South N orwalk, Conn. '
THOS. I. RAYMOND,
(Successor to DAVID B. WEBB,)
DEALER LN
COAL AND WOOD,
Foot of‘Washington St.. South Nor-walk
LEIIIGII, LACKAWANA, FRANKLIN. SCRAN-
TON, CUMBERLAND,
And all the best varieties of Bed and White Ash Coal.
HICKORY, OAK, MAPLE, PINE AND CHESTNUT
WOOD.
.The subsesiber having disposed of his Coal and
\V nod Yard, as above, would cheerfully commend his
successor as a young man of integrity and business
talent, and bespcak for him the continued pationage
of the public. DAVID H. WEED.
NOR‘VALK GRIST FIELL.
THE subscriber having purchased the Norwalk
Grist l\lill, is prepared to grind every kind of
"rain for customers and furnish, pure, all kinds of
FEED. FLOUR, &c., at the LOWEST MARKET
RATES. The public are invited to give him a trial.
January 11, 1860. tf2 WILLIAM H. DAVIS.
Fruit Trees: Fruit Trees!
AT THE
NEW CANAAN NURSERY.
The subscribers take pleasure in announcing to the
public that their stock of
Fruit do Ornamental Trees,Vines, 62:0.
is unusually large and of nnsurpassed'exceilence: We
feel confident in saying that we believe that our stock
of APPLE TREES particularly, to be the Largest and
Best in this Country. We are also positive that we
can furnish Trees in better quality, better order, and
for less money than they can be obtained from distant
Nurseries.
Those wishing to purchase Trees and Vines will do
well to send their orders early—or still better, visit our
Nursery and make their own selections.
STEPHEN HOYT 8: SONS.
P. S.—Wc take pleasure in showingpersons through
our Nurseries, whether desirous of purchasi trees
or not; and would cordiallyiuvitc all inter ted to
visit the Nursery.
NEW and RARE PLANTS.
Roses, Geranium, Variant,
AND
Bedding Out Plants, Shrubs,
Fruit Trees of all kinds,
Raspberry, Blackberry dz; Strawberry
Plants, 65c.
EARLY ROSE POTATOES. TOMATOE,
EGG, PEPPER d7 CELERY PLANTS, 850.
Also FLOWER AND VEGETABLE SEEDS. B0-
QUE'I‘S, WREA'I‘HS, BASKETS, CROSSES, and oth
er Floral Decorations arranged in the best style of art
to order. Send for descriptive catalogue. .
MALLORY as DOWNS,
South Norwalk, Ct.
Edward P. Weed
DRUGGIST :35 APOTHECARY,
Wall Street, Nor-walk Conn
Pure Foreign and Domestic Drugs, Medicines,
Chemicals, Patent Medicines, Perfumery, Cigars,
Mineral Waters the.
Pure Wines and Liquors for medicinal purgioscs only
Among our Stock may be foun
Lubin’s Extracts,
Lubin’s Soaps,
Fancy Soaps,
Sponges,
Chamois Skins,
Castilc Soup,
Toilet: Articles. Corks,
Hair Brushes BirdSeed,
Nail “ Congress Water,
Flesh “ Empire “ .
Tooth “ Star “-
Shaving “ Kissengen “
Ciothes “ Vichy “
Infants “ Gettysburg“
Feather Dusters, Vermont “
Pomades, Seltzer “
llairOils, Missisquoi “
Farina Cologne, Excelsior “
Bay Rum.
Florida Water,
Magnolia “
Hair Dyes,
Flavoring Extracts,
Shaker Herbs,
London Porter,
Scotch Ale,
Camphor,
Cream Tartar,
. Indigo,
Alcohol,
Stationery,
and a full assortment of all other
kept in a~Drug
Gas
articles usual]
and Chemical Establishment. y
AND
Steam Fitting.
M. CLOVER, at his works on River Street, is
prepared to fill all orders in the above line,
with promptuess and at low rates. He invites spec-
ial attention to “The American Submerlzed Force
Pump,” for which he is Agent. It is double-acting,
non-freezing, and proves tube the cheapest, most
efllcient, durable and reliable pump in use. 21
and Religious Papers, etc.
Barrels splendid WHITE WHEAT
100 FLOUR just received and for sale chgirdlzit’:
G. O. KEELER 8.: BROTHERS.
BELL RANGE sold by '
GEORGE F. BELDEN.
ORCELAINE DETERRE,ls the trade-mark of
the best Table Crockery imported. It is superior
to Stone China. and equal (excepting ti-ansparancy)
to French China. hilt few can tell the difference, :11-
though the price is.ubout half that of French China.
Sold by E. K. LOCKWOOD.
. and seven years old; two heavy Wagons; one light
1
‘ment, for a small percentage of the purchase money
REAL EST'AEEZ.
OR SALE.——Buildmg Lots and Dwellings,
F ranging from $100 to $10,000, situated in town of
Apply to F. H. HOYT, Daricn Real Esttifiég
Darieu .
Agency.
FINE RESIDENCE FOR SALE, on
Corner of Water and Chapel Streets. House
nearly new, containiu 11 rooms. Termsreasonable.
“32 JAMES «INNEY, Real Estate Agent.
BUILDING LOTS FOR SALE.
HE subscriber offers for sale, on ver resonable
T terms, a number of the choicest, an most desi-
rable Building Lots in the town of Norwalk, situated
on high ground, (Prospect Hill), near undof easy ac-
cess from the village, and commands a fine and un-
obstructed view of tfie town, harbor, Long Island and
Sound. A good avenue, 50 feet wide, has been laid
out in front of the )roperty. Is within five minutes’
walk of the Horse uilroad Size of lots to suit pur-
chasers; no fancy prices. For further particulars en-
quire of JESSE DENTON,
28 or JAMES FINNEY, Real Estate Agent.
Building; Lot For Sale.
FIRST-CLASS LOT, adjoining the residence of
4. F. B. Smith, East Avenue, size 75x260, with
shade trees in front. Price $1,000. Terms easy. Ap-
ply to WM. WHITE, South Norwalk, or GhO. O.
KEELER. Main St., Norwalk. . 20
Real Estate for Sale.
HE land belonging to the estate of George W.
Raymond, comprising some of the most desrra-
ble property in South Norwalk, is now offered for sale
at a bargain by the trustee of that estate. Apply to
LEWIS F. BEERS, Trustee, GEORGE W. RAY-
MOND and CHESTER F. TOLLES, South Norwalk,
Conn. . tf26
FOR SALE.
A SMALL HOUSE, with 3% or 10% acres of land,
about one mile from South Norwalk. Also,
three New Houses and Lots, cheap—about the same
distance from South Norwalk. All the above on very
easy terms. Also, a large House to rent near Kcyser’s
Island. Inquire at the South Norwalk “Real Estate
Agency of Purdy’s Drug Store. W. T. CRAW,
th7 Real Estate Agent.
Valuable Mill Property for Sale ,
At Iacnt Station, Conn.
THE proprietor of KENT MILLS, having engaged
in another business,off'crs for sale the above prop-
erty situated on Norwaik River, ten rods from Rail-
road deuot, and 3% miles from Norwalk, 9n main
road to Danbury, consisting of Saw Mill, Upright and
Circular Saws, all in good order; also, Cider M ill,
nearly new, with three presses, and all necessary ma-
chinery; two large Cider Vaults, Vinegar Loft, Vale,
and Casks; one large Barn, besides Stables for six
horses; one splended team of Matched Horses, SIX
Wagon, and everything complete to. carry on a suc-
cessful business; also, adjoining said property, one
Cottage House and Burn nouse containingr 8 rooms,
with four acres of choice land. and fruit in abundance;
also, it two-story House with eight rooms, \vith eight
acres of land. The mill property and one house Will
be sold together, or the whole exchanged for Norwalk
property. Terms easy. Address
GEORGE H. BRACKEN,
Kent Mills, or South Norwalk.
$7,590.
FOR SALE.
DELIGHTFUL RESIDENCE DOWN TOWN——
10 minutes walk from depot. Basement, two
Story and Attic, French roof, Frame House. Very
conveniently arranged with water, furnace and range.
One-half or more of the purchase money can remain
on the place. For further particulars apply to
”16 FRANK B. SMITH.
a
l
221
For-Sale.
r HE HOUSE AND LOT now occupied by William
Youle. It contains five rooms and has an out-
house, &c.; lot 70x80 feet. Also, one lot 65x90 feet,
and one 70x80. Enquire of JOSEPH SHEPHERD
Norwalk, Feb. 15, 1869. in
Very Desirable Place
IN WILTONQ‘
For Sale.
lHE well-known Residence and Fruit Farm of the
subscriber, situated in Wilton, near the Norwalk
line is offered for sale.
HENRY C. HANDLE.
For Sale. ,
A Two-Story Dwelling House and Barn with twen-
ty-one and One-half acres of land, includino
meadow, pasture, and wood land, well stocked wit 1
fruit trees; situated on Grumman Hill in the town of
Wilton, 3‘4 of amile from Kent station. Price 83,000.
Enquire of WILLIAM F. SMITH,
Cranberry Plains, Norwalk, Ct.
“’25
For Sale or to Let.
IIE place on West Avenue now owned and occu-
T pied by JOHN SEYMOUR, is Offered forsaie. or
to rent from April lst. Also, for sale, two Houses
near Graniteville, so called. Apply to
10tf HENRY SEYMOUR.
- Notice to Rent Payers.
ARE you paying $75 or 5100 a year ch't ‘: if so call
on the subscribers and
Secure a Home,
for what you are now paving for rent, by buying a
BUILDING LOT
60x200 feet, at $50; or by buyingr a few acres at a small
price, situated at Shepherdville. 1% miles from the
Bridge on the line of the chby Railroad, and within
a short distance of the contemplated depot. We can
furnish you with a ‘
HOUSE AND LOT FOR $250
to $1,000, by paying1r down only a small sum yearly.
From 100 to 500 Building Sites can be had at terms to
suit nrchasers, by addressing or applying to J. AU-
GUS’l‘US PAR’I‘RICK, at Shepherdvillc or JULIUS
PARTRICK, at the Spring Saloon, Main Street, or
JOSEPH TAMMANY.at Crofut & Knapp’s Hat Shop,
South Norwalk. 7
HOMES FOR in; iiiILLIUN
One Hundred Building Lots.
HE SUBSCRIBER has for sale One Hundred Build-
ing Lots within eight minutes walk of South
Norwalk depot, at LOCKW OODVILLE. Parties
wishing to purchase may have a lot_ With a house built
thereon by paying a small amount in cash, balance On
mortgage, or may purchase a lot without anyimprove-
in cash,balanee on mortgage. Price of Lots from One
Hundred to Three Hundred Dollars. I Will be pleased
to show the lots to any person wishing to purchase. ‘
WILLIAM T. CRAW,
Real Estate Agency, over F. B. Pnrdy’s Drug Store.
Norwalk, Aug. 24th, 1868.
FOR SALE.
A VERY valuable place, situated in the most cen-
.L tral part of the Town of Norwalk, about two
minutes walk from the Horse Railway Depot. The
house is largeand commodious. The dplace comprises
about two acres of land, and is abun antly provided
with trees, shi-nbbery and out-buildings. This place is
suitable for any gentleman. For full particulars en-
quire of JAMES MITCHELL,
Real Estate Agent, Union Market, Norwalk, Conn.
NASH «Sc IVES,
Real Estate Agents,
. N o. 4 WATER STREET.
PROPERTY bought, sold, exchanged or let, on rea-
sonable terms. We have a good variety of desira-
ble Houses and Farms in and out of town for sale on
accommodating terms. tf32
Wit. R. N .isn. NATHAN Ivus.
J. nurture,
Real Estate Agent.
5 ESTATES FOR SALE in Norwalk and vi-
cinity, from 1-4 to 200 Acres, with buildings
thereon, rice from 3450 to $100,000. Also, TO LET,
fumishe and unfurnished houses.
Address J. FERRIS,
at F. B. Purdy’s Drug Store, Ely’s Block So. Norwalk.
Notice for surveying to be left at the Gazette Ofllce,
NOTICE I
35
.The subscriber having taken out a License for the
\
Sale, Renting and Exchanging
OF
Real Estate,
Would call the attention of the public to the fact that
he is now ready to transact business of that nature in
all its branches, and will assure prompt attention to
all who may favor him with a call. IIis resources of
gaining information relative to said business are un-
surpassed. He has now for disposal
FARMS, uncinnucnsmc.’
Situated lu Non-walk.
And all the udjoiniu g country. Places for sale varying
from $5,000 to $25,000.
. RESIDENCES
For Summer, furnished or unfurnished
FOR SALE OR TO RENT.
with land in quantity to suit Purchaser or Lessee also
a number of
Fine Farms-
. Apply to .
JAMES MITCHELL
Al lorders left at the UNION MARKET, Mitchell’s
Block, Norwalk, Coma, will receive prompt attention.
‘terms. For particulars. enquire of JOHN JARVIS,
BUILDING LOTS.
8 LOTS on Beatty Street and three lots on Water
Street, which for location, convenience, and
neighborhood are not excelled by any property in this
town. Part of said lots have good veiws of the
Sound and‘Harbor, and are situated in the immedi-
ate vicinity of two of the most res ectable and largest
manufiictnrln establishments in
in a few to s of the Horse Railroad. These lots
range in price from $600 to $1,500. Those wislilngto
purchase good lots are respectfully invited to exam:
ine the above property, or apply to
3m33 THADDEUS K. IIUBBELL.
FOR SALE.
. FINE FARM of 30 acres, with a splendid House
and Barn just built, situated on Comstock Hill,
about two miles from Norwalk. The House consists
of eleven rooms. There is a superior well of soft
water on the lace. The situation is unsurpassed,
having a splen id view of Long 1sland Sound. Price
, .
Also a pair of Grey Horses, unsurpassed for work;
aged 12 years; sound and kind; also, Harness andn
ood wagon. with new wheels. All can be bought for
50. Apply to
LEGRAND COMSTOCK.
2
salt
FOR SALE. .
A VERY desirable place situated in Norwalk,
. about two miles west of the Bridge.abjolnlng the
resulenceof Josiah Kellogg, Esq., it being the Home-
stead of the late Charles Osborn, deceased, contain-
ing nearly eight acres of good land, a well built, sub-
stantial, two-story house, with Barn and other out-
buiidpngs. Part of the purchase money can remain,
if desucd. For further particulars applyto
C. F. OSBORN, East Avenue.
SPLENDID
Buuilding Sites
For Sale, of one-third acre and upwards near the new
“ RIVERSIDE DEPOT,”
At the east end of Cos-Cob Bridge. The property is
beautifully situated, has a fine water front on the bar-
bor, and is only two minutes’ walk from all trains to
New York, EXPRESS INCLUDED. Apply to or
address J. W. ATWATER, Cos-Cob Bridge, Conn.
NOTICE .
HE attention of residents and of visitors intown
is called to, and a personal inspection from all is
invited to the Beautiful Location and pleasant sur-
roundings of the building-site of about 200 feet, com;
rising the whole frontage on the westerly side of
nion Park, and surrounded by first-class residences,
which, as a site for an elegant dwelling is seldom sur-
passed. Also, a corner lot of about 76 feet front on
the northeast corner of Union Park, adjoining the
residence of the subscriber. Terms easy. For fur-
ther particulars enquire of CHAS. P. TURKEY,
N orwalk, Aug. 2, 1860., (31) Builder.
For Sale.
NE LOT on Golden Hill next to new house of H.
H. ELWELL, 80 feet. front by 217 feet in depth.
Apply to LEWIS F. BEERS, Trustee, or GEORGE
W. RAYMOND, South Norwalk, Conn. tt'26 »
To Rent.
' FINE PLACE, between Nor-walk Bridge and
South Norwalk, fronting on the harbor. - Is suit-
able for a large family, it containing 12rooms. Terms
easy. For further particulars enquire of
JAMES MITCHELL, Real Estate Agent.
tf23 Union Market, Norwalk.
Desirable Residence For Sale.
VERY desirable residence, pleasantly situated
on a quiet street within five minutes’ walk of
the Bridge is offered for sale. The house is commo-
(lions and in good order, and the grounds embrace
about one acre, facing on two strec It will be sold
on reasonable terms. Apply to JA vs FINNEY,
Real Estate Agent, at Selleck’s Bookstore.
of the village: also, a new House near Main St.
Enquire of G. O. KEELER. -
>130}: SALE.—Ten acres of land within one mile
11
NEW BUILDING LOTS.
QME of the most; desirable Lots in town have just
been put in the market. Are in the best locality.
near Main Street, and will be sold on reasonabic
or NASH d: IVES, No. 4, Water Street, Norwalk,
Conn. tf14
VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE
IN WILTON, CONN.
Knovon as the BELDEN FARM.
ITUATED one-half mile from the Railroad Depot,
containing about 150 acres of land under good
cultivation, with Dwelling House, out-buildings, etc.,
is offered for sale.
Also, the Stock and Farming Utensils, -
Apply to JAMES MITCHELL,
Real Estate Agent, Union Market, Norwalk.
“BUILDING LOTS.”
THE undersignedwiffer for Sale some of the most
desirable building sites in the village, lying along
the slope northwest of Union Park, convenient to the
village and easy of access, havinrr an extensive view
of the village and harbor, prices ow and terms easy.
Apply to A. H. BYINGTON, -
S. E. OLMSTEAD,
E. K. LOCKWOOD.
Norwalk Sept. 21, 1868.
Very Valuable Property For Sale
AT FORT POINT.
T the terminus of the New Bridge. from South
Norwalk, consisting of about 12 Building Lots,
25x125, with roadway on all sides, unequalled for bus-
iness purposes. No part of this property has been in
the market of late years, although repeatedly urged
to sell, and now only a small portion is offered. Ap
ply to 48 JAMES MITCHELL.
JAMES FINNEY,
Rea]. Estate Ag’tg‘
Licensed Auctioneer, I
CONSTABLE, COLLECTOR, no,
' GRATEFULLY returns thanks for the very liberal
patcrnage heretofore extended him by a gener-
ous public, and solicits a continuance of the same.
He has taken a desk at Seileck‘s Bookstore, where he
can hereafter be found, or orders can be left. He will
ive prompt attention to the buying and selling of
real Estate, renting of places, Auctioneering of real
and personal property, the collection of debts, &c._.
and will make every reasonable exertion to please all
who may favor him with their patronage.
new DRUG STORE.
11E undersigned would respectfully announce to
the citizens in this vicinity, that he has JllSl_
fitted up a New Drug Store,
CORNER OF WASHINGTON AND DEPOT STS.
where will be found
PURE DRUGS,
CHOHCE WINES and LIQUORS,
FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES, '
Faster AND TOILET ARTICLES,
PA TENT MEDICINES, no.
9:?“ Physicians Prescriptions carefully compounded
day and night. Can be found nights, in same building,
entrance on Washington St.
1y49 S. F. PECK, South Norwalk, Conn.
BOOTS 8L SHOES.
THE subscribers would respectfully call the atten-
tion of the public to their
NEW STOCK OF GOODS,
‘consisting of a general assortment of
Boots, Shoes, Gaiters,
&c., both for Gentlemen and Ladies‘ wear, which will
be sold very low for Cash, at. the old stand,
'ELY’s BLQCK,
SOUTH NORIVALK, CONN.
All kinds of Gent. and Ladies’ Boots, Shoes, &c.,
made to order, in themost workmanlike manner, and
at fair prices
HORSE CARS RUN RIGHT BY THE DOOR.
BROWN & STEVENS.
IIlIIAM s. nuowiv. HARVEY srsvnxs.
NOB WALK .
Steam Laundry
And DYE WORKS. '
HE subscribers desire to inform tlicinhabitants of
N orwulk and vicinity, that their NEW FACTORY
is com feted, and that they are now prepared to do
all kin s of work in their line, in a manner not to be'
surpassed by any other estabishment, as they have
the use of facilities for doing it in a first-class man-
ner. Families,Hotels and Boarding Houses will line
it to their advantage to have their washing done by
our system, as we guarantee all clothes washed by us
to last almost twice as long as they would if wasth
in the ordinary way, for we make our own soap and
use no soda or potash to kill the life of the fabric.
We have also. a large bleach connected with the
works, where all goods requiring it will be bleached
as white as new. Fluting, of every description, done
in the best style by experienced hands. Give us a
trial and be satisfied that it can be done as well here
as in the city and at morcvmoderutc rates. Goods
called for and delivered free of charge. Order slates
and price lists can be found ‘at’ the following places:
J. F. Jr C. R. Bennett's, South Norwalk' Mrs. E. Pul-
mer’s, Stamford; Miss S. E. Beers‘s, Darlen; J. S.
Jones’s, Westport; J. C..Itandle’s, Winnipauk; and
at the princi :11 office, Water Street, adjoining W. C.
Street’s Har ware Store.
R. N. PERRY, 28 D. M. LANE.
Small Safe for sale.
SMALL SAFE, suitable for the house, will be ,
. NASH & IVES.
orwalk, and wrth- -
.7 CALL ME wnmv BREAKFAST Is
' READY.”
A SONG.
Call me when breakfast is ready—
0 motherl don't call me before;
Do not deny me the pleasure
Of moderate rest, I implore.
Eight hours of sleep are too little
For delicate maidens like me;
Dearer, by far, is my pillow
Than cup of the daintiest tea.
Mother. I cannot endure it,
This getting up early’s a here—
Call me when breakfast is ready,
' 0h! pieasc do not call me before.
Call me when breakfast is ready:
on mother! don’t call me too soon,
Shopping, of course needs attention,
But that can be done before noon.
Talk of the folly of fashion,
I do not consider it so:
Parties must not be neglected,
And style is important, you know.
Mother! it makes me so nervous
To think of your step at my door;
Call me when breakfast is ready,
0h ! do 1161: call me before.
Call me when breakfast is ready—
Oh! don’t call me early, I pray.
Doctors advise to be quiet,
My spine is affected, they sdy.
Sleep is a potent elixir, 's‘
And better than drugs or the knife;
Why, then, so much in a hurry,
Since rest is the glace of life ‘2
Mother, do have some compassion,
And chllde my late rising no more;
Call me when breakfast is ready,
Oh! please do not call me before.
Call me when breakfast is ready.—
Oh mother! I think I’ve been told, ,
Multitudes struggle for riches,
And barter their comfort for gold.
Hypocrites often rise early—
Their motives are perfectly plain;
Sundays they always sleep later,
Because they have nothing to gain;
Mother! I cannot endure it,
This getting up early’s a here-
Call me when breakfast to ready,
But please do not call me before.
‘ Hearth and Home.
____._._4.,_.._,____.,___
THE CONDUCTOR’S STORY.
We were smoking one night before the
hotel smoking—room grate, when one man
said: “ I have always thought I‘d like to be
a raierad conductor—for a while at least.”
The old conductor smiled and knocked
the ashes ofi‘ his cigar. ' -
" Well,” said he, “I believe almost every-
body has had that feeling at one time or
another. There is something fascinating to
a sober business man in the idea of doing
business and earning your. living at thirty
miles an hour, and the spice of danger that
youmay at any moment be sent to kingdom
come by ‘lightning express,’ is just vague
enough not to frighten, but attract. But to
a conductor it’s a prosaic business enough.
So it is to engineers and brakemcn. Don’t
you remember that, at the inquest over the
N orwalk bridge accident, it was shown that
the engineer was in the habit of opening
everything, and then reading a newspaper?
He was neglecting his business, of course;
but it shows What habit will do ; ’twill make
a reading room of an express engine.
Railroad men learn lessons of punctuality
very thoroughly. It won’t do to be late, or
the train won’t start on time, and then an
awful row is certain. One time I was at
Albany, and that afternoon the Hudson
River, Boston and Central trains all started
at 5 O’clock. Well, the conductors of the
trains and engineers, too, went down the
river in a little propeller—the Julia, I think
she was called. We turpgd round in plenty
of time, but about ten miles below Albany
we ran aground. We were in a nice scrape.
There wasn’t a conductor at the depot to
take any code place, and the tide was fall-
ing. Williams, a splendid big fellow, got
desperate, jumped into the river, put his
shoulder under the s era, where the pro-
peller had caught on a mud bank, and as the
boat was about nine out power only and he
was a perfect Hercules, he actually lifted
her off, and we got to Albany in time, only
Williams had to run to Syracuse with his
wet clothes on.
It’s a queer existence, too,‘ running day
after day through a lot of little places that
you don’t take any interest in, or know any-
thing about, more than that the stations are
called such stations. .It isn’t such a danger-
ous life, either. Accident insurance com?
panies don’t rate passenger conductors very
high, but if you want to feel how helpless
you are in the hands of the Alinighty,d'ust
get on an express engine, and get the en-
gineer to open everything on a dark night.
It is positively awful to see your headlight
boring into darkness, and to think that be-
tween you and instant death there’s only
the chance of two pieces of iron you’re trav-
eling on being continuous and clear; that if
somebody had pried up a rail since the last
train went over, or anchored something on
the track, your friends won’t know your
body when the coroner‘s jury calls them as
witnesses to your identity. That’s the way
I thought the first time I tried it, but the en-
gincer was smoking a pipe, and the fireman
was whistling ‘Jim 3. long Josey.’
When a conductor runs a. train out of
town and runs another in again the same
day, it isn’t such a queer life as. when he
runs strain out one day and in the next.
T [zen he lives two lives. One night he’s a
married man at one place; the next he’s a
bachelor at another place, and the next
night a married man again—and so on, see
saw.
There’s a kind of feeling of responsibility,
having three or four hundred lives in your
keeping. But then, there’s the rules. If
you keep to them, if anything happens it
isn’t your fault. When you’re out of time
and have to wait, you’re sure to be cross,
and sure to be budgeted by questions. A
foreigner once told me that one of the most
surprising things he’d seen in America. was
the respect paid to conductors and the way
they were obeyed by passengers. But pas-
sengers will ask questions when you’re
waiting, and it’s provoking. One day I was
out of time, and ran off on a switch to wait
for either the down ,traiu or a telegram to
come on. By and by, a pompous man
comes to me as 1 was sitting on the fence.
“ Mr. Conductor,” says he, “ what are we
waiting for ‘2"
“For the down train—we’re out of time.
There’s a sin 1e track here, and she has the
right of way.’ V '
“ But suppose the down train is behind
too ?”
“ Then I’ll geta telegram.”
“But suppose they don’t telegraph you,
how long will you wait?”
“ Till the wheels rust 017',” said I.
He went back to the coach, growling
something about having an engagement in
town at the hour the train was due, and I
afterward found out that he was the Vice-
Prcsidcnt of the road. He was a sensible
fellow, though quick tempered, and I stood
better with the officers for What I had said.
He used to poke heavy fun atine sometimes,
and recommend me to wet the wheels as
they would rust off sooner.
It’s astonishing how reckless, some rail-.
road men become. I was on a. side 'track
waiting out of time once, and a fellow
comes to me and says, “ why don’t you go
on ‘2” ’
“ Because my orders are to stay,” I'scid
rather sharply.
He was the new superintendent, a young
fellow I had never seen, because he’d just
come on the read; he was courting a girl on
the line of the~road, I afterward found out,
and had an engagement to go to a ball with
her that night, which this ‘.‘ lay-over” inter-
fered with it. . '
sold very cheap on e :ll'ng upon
So he says, very quickly, “ no, they ain’t ;”
and when I looked surprised, he says, “ I’m
the superintendent of the road, and I tell
you you’ve time to get over this strip of sin-
gle track and have three minutes to spare
before the down train reaches it. I have
calculated and I know.” '
“ I've got my printed orders, Mr. Superin-
tendent,” and he broke right in—
“ Never mind your printed orders, I order
you to go ahead.” .
Well, I woiildn’t; and he was awfully
mad, and swore I shouldn’t run a week
longer on that road. Probably, after he had
cooled down he would never have said a
word about the matter, for he was clearly
in the wrong. Three minutes is too close a
shave on time when six or seven hundred
peoples lives are interested, and regular
printed orders are to be obeyed till other
regular printed orders are issued. But I
thought at first he’d complain to the Presi-
dent, and I was bound to have the first talk,
if possible. . .
The Presidenthcard my story and sent
for the Superintendent. He denied that he
‘ had ordered me, or made any threats, but
said that he had told me I had fen minutes
to spare. So it was a question of veracity,
and I began to think I would be sent back
to run my train, and that running a train
on that road wouldn’t be my business very
long. , -
All at once a gentleman who had been sit-
ting with a'newspaper held in front of his
face at the back of the office, came forward.
“ Mr. President,” said he, “ I happened to
be standing by these two men when they
had that talk. The conductor is right, and
that other man lies. If the train had gone
on I had made up my mind to walk back to
the last station, the chance of an accident
seemed so great.”
Then the President was mad.
“Why, good heavens i” said be, “my
wife and family were on that train. Mr
Superintendent, go and draw your wages
to the first of next month, and leave the
road now!”
But sometimes a conductor is put in such
a position that the r'ules won’t guide him.
Then the responsibility is very great; I re-
member once being so placed, andI thought
at the time that my hair ought to have
turned white that night with anxiety.
It was when the Hudson River Railroad
was , just built. There was no telegraph
along the line then, and everything was
quite primitive compared to what it is now.
The flagmen had got on a strike about those
days, too, so that you trusted to luck for
safe running. I was running a sort of a
way-train between New York and Pough-
keepsic then. Running an “ express” is
much pleasauter than running’a “ way” you
may easily imagine. An’ sometimes don’t
stop for an hour at a time, and, after you’ve
“ worked” your coaches once, you have
nothing to do but sit down and earn your
money that easy way. Then, when you
reach the next station, if your brakemen
mind their business, they can tell you how
many passengers have got into each coach,
and then you are always able to pick them
out, because they haven’t got the settled air
of the old passengers. Buta way train cou—
duetor hasmuch harder work.
Well, I ran the train out of New York
one afternoon,'and I had for the driver of
the engine a man who was famous for the
accurate manner in which he would come
up to his stations. He would stop any
named coach almost to a foot where he said
he would; but on this occasion he appeared
to have very poor luck. He ran past his
stations and had to back down, and then
again he would stop so short thatthe engine
would be in front of the station and the
rear coach an eighth of a mile back, and it
raining hard, too. Then he’d start up‘again,
just as the passengers were getting out. So
we kept raining behind time all the while.
There was a sort of lighning express came
out of New York about an hour after us,
and we were gradually working back into
its time. ’
We get near Fishkill, and, having made
an awful bad shot at the depot, I saidto the
baggage master “ Mack is having bad luck
at making his stations to-day. Wonder
What’s the matter ‘2” l
The baggage master turned round on me
quickly and said: ,
“If you want to know what I think, I
think Mack is drunk 1”
“ That can’t he," says I, “ I never sawhim
touch a drop of liquor or smell of it in any
way.”
“That’s so,” said the man, “but I think
he’s drunk to-dpy. He no; in the car here
a little while ago, and picked up all the
brakemcn’s lanterns and siting them in a
bunch at me. I dodged, and they went out
of the car door and smashed. Then he
chuckled and went back to the engine.”
I didn’t like the idea of a drunken en-
gineer, but had to laugh at the fate of the
lanterns. If I had known how I was going
to groan over their fate soon, I wouldn’t
have laughed then.
When I got above Fishkill, I thought I’d
let those who got on at one of the little sta-
tions ride free to the next station, while 1
rode on the engine and investigated.
So I got on the “ Coming,” and Mack
looked black enough instead of as civil as
usual. I joked him about his bad luck in
making his stations, and he growled out a
curse, I asked him if he k iew how near-
ly he had got into the lightning express
time. The man was evidently drunk and
surly. I happened to put my hand down
under the cushion of the seat and felt a bot-
tle. Pulling the cork out I smelled whiskyv
and quietly threw it overboard. But Mack
saw me and cursed me for destroying his
property. “ What did you throw that bottle
away for; it wasn’t your rum ?” he said, at
the end of an awful swear.
“ I’ll tell you why,” said I, “ I’m con-
ductor of this train and you are too drunk
to do your business right, and you’d get
worse and worse if you had a bottle!’
Then he grinned asavage sOrt of a grin,
and quieted down into a silent state, but he
looked dangerous about the eyes.
“ You’re conductor of this train, are you?
I’ll show you how much you have to do with
running it,” saysbe, and began to “ slow
up" and we behind time already, you know.
I didn’t know exactly What to do—we were
getting dangerously near the lightning ex-
press time—and while I was debating he
suddenly “ blew brakes,” With a fiendish
chuckle, and stopped at a station that the
‘train'never stopped at before. I looked at
my watch and determined to St nd ore of the
brakcmcn back with a lantern and stop the
express. Just then a. thought struck me that
made my hair stand up on end. There
wasn’t a lantern on the train—the drunken
beast had smashed them all—there wasn’t a
soul at the station, which was miles away
from its village; the express didn’t- stop be—
fore it reached Poughkccpsie, so that I could
not leave word to Caution it, and just then I
heard its whistle a mile or two back. ,{l‘he
engineer heard it too, and laughed a diabol-
ical laugh.
That decided me. I caught up a wrench
and struck him back of the car, and he
dropped like dead. I dragged his body, (I
didn’t know then whether I was handling a
corpse or not) 011‘ the engine, and threw it
down by the roadside and jumped on the
engine. _
“ Jimmy,” said I, “ the express is after us
Mack smashed all the lanterns so we can’t
stop her. Our only chance is running away
from her—so cram in the wood and I’ll open
everything.”
_I knew, by observation, how to open and
shut off, but of course couldn’t graduate the
speed like a professional. I opened every-
thing, you may be sure, and away we
jumped. It was a. curious sight. To be
chased bya locomotive doesn’t fall to the
lot of every one. Our engine was not so
powerful it one as the express engine, and
our train was quite long; so we crammed
in the fuel and depended upon high pressure
sor our salvation. Of course, I never for a
moment thought of stopping this side of
Poughkeepsie; so we speeded past the sta-
tions all lighted and filled with wondering
faces.
Just after passing the second the gang on
engine struck—some one had pulled the safe-
ty rope. The fireman’s hand went instinct-
ively to the whiStlc to “ blow brake’s” but I
caught it. It was, the most anxious minute
of my life. If I did not mind the signal,
and something was wrong and an accident
shouldioceur, I should always be blamed,
even if I didn‘t blame myself. But, if I ’
stopped, the express might—probably would
—-run right into us. The pull didn’t sound
professional—like a brakeman’s. It proba-
bly was a jerk at the rope by a passenger
Who had been carried by his station—so l’d
chance it.
All this went through my mind like light-
ning, as you may imagine—one thinks quick-
ly on such ccasions—and I caught the
'fireman’s ar ,. He had ueverheard of such
a. thing as disobeying the gong, and stared.
I was tOo eXeited to speak, but pointed to
the fire, aq’d he put in more Wood quietly.
Well, to‘ make a long story short, I never
“blew brakes,” till the engine was opposite
the station. Then I shut off, blew one whis-
tle, and went sliding up the road. Just as
we stopped, the express, whose station
whistle Iliad heard just behind me, came
up to the depot, and stopped where the
trains usually do. If I’d minded the gong,
or stopped in front of the depot, I’d been
smashed.
You see there was no way to do but to
run for it. We hadn’t a red light for the
rear car; we hadn’t av lantern, nor couldn’t
get: one, to send back to signal; the fiagmen
were on a strike, and the express didn’t stop
anywhere till it reached Poughkcopsie, and
she had got so close to us when the engi-
neer cutup as he did, that I couldn’t stop at
a station and send a man back. Before he
could have get far enough away they’d have
been so close that they couldn’t have “broke
up” in time, but would have come into us.
I didn’t know whether I’d killed Mack or
not, and took the “ owl train” back, and
found him all right as regards death, but
very sick from the dip I’d given him.
The company gave me this watch when
they heard of it.
WHERE THE COAL comns'nnoar.
. .
The scenery of VV¥DDllllg is wonderfully
changed, not only since Campbell sung of
its beauty, but within a young man’s memo-
ry; and not for the better. it disfigures a
landscape sorely to have huge hills of waste
coal-dust or “ calm” and slate, the refuse of
the mines, heaped upon evcry green field;
and even the great triangular wooden build-
ings in which stand the breakers and ma-
chinery of each shaft, and which rise here
and there almost to the height of Trinity
spire, are no ornament. Twenty years ago
strangers here were taken to Prospect Rock,
to overlook the lovely valley, with its rich
level lands along the silvery winding river,
and its rolling hills slowly rising on either
side to the wild wooded mountain. Now
they are invited to the mines, and taken
down into the earth as far below the surface
as they were then lifted above it.
It is a visit well worth making. The ob-
server goes down five hundred feet in the
dark, dripping shaft, walks around in the
seemingly endless passages and infinite
blackness-of the honey-combed rocks, and
finds himself in a new and strange world.
-lIerc, among the hidden bases of the hills,
an industrious race are leading a life un-
known to us, though in our service. Vivid
and true impressions of their work, its dan-
gers and its rewards, the spirit in which it
is carried on and its instruments and meth-
ods, are quickly acquired here, but how can
they be communicated to those who have
not seen them ? .
now A MINE IS OPENED.
Coal mines are worked eitherby a “shaft”
or by a “ Hope.” A shaft is simply an’ open-
ing an I perpendicularly like a well, or
rather like two wells, side by side; and in
these two platforms hang suspended from
cables, which pass over drains moved by
powerful engines; so that one platform rises
With a car full of coal, while the other sinks
with an empty car. A slope is 'a similar
opening, but- in the form of a tunnel, in-
clined at an angle to the perpendicular, with
rails laid in it, so that cars are drawn up
and down upon them, instead of being lifted.
Most Of the Mines here are worked by shafts,
and this form is becoming more general as
deeper seams are worked.
The coal lies in beds which are rarely or
never horizontal, but “ pitch” at varying an-
gles, and often roll, so as to form ridges,
“saddles” or “ anticlinal axes,” and again
“ basins,” troughs or synclinal axes in other
places. Now, it is precisely on one of these
latter lines, from which the coal rises in both
directions, that it is most advantageous to
strike the bed with a shaft or slope. For a
miner can only blast the coal successfully
when itwill fall away by its Oiyn weight,
and make room for further operations; and
when the water will run away of itself from
his chamber; and when the car, loaded with
the coal, may be easily drawn to .the shaft._
For all these reasons coal is always mined
up the pitch of the vein and never down it.
Tens Of thousands of dollars have sometimes.
been spent in drifts, borings, tunnels, and
other methods of exploration, merely to as-
Ct rtain where-a synclinal line lies, before
sinking a shaft to it.
THE mama‘s weak.
The point being selected, the shaft made,
and the machinery ready, the miner goes to
work. His task unites educated skill with
very severe muscular exertion. He is gen-
erally paid on contract by the ton, and thus
has a strong motive to accomplish all he can.
He must judge, by a careful examination,
where his blast must be placed, in order to-
“ throw down” the most coal, and to leave
the most advantageous opening for further
blasting. He must also carefully avoid tres-
passing, on the necessary support of the
root, and must make both the floor and the
roof safe as he goes forward. For all this,
he needs some of the practical skill of a
surveyor and of an engineer. The work of
drilling the hole for the blast is irksomoand
severe; it is performed in a close, damp,
‘oftcn half-poisonous atmosphere, and amid
many dangers which require constant pre-
cautions, watchfulncss and presence of mind,
It is true that when all the machinery and
tools are perfect, and all the men in the
mine are thoroughly careful, the work is
us safe ‘as most others. But the slightest
imperfection or want of care may impcril
many lives, andpractically there is always
some danger. The mortality from accidents
among miners is certainly many times as
great as among laboring men in general;
and mutilations and temporary injuries are
frequent.
TILE FIRE-DAMP.
All coal beds give'out carburetted hydro-
gen gas, or “ fire-damp ;” the anthracite far
less than the bituminous coals of England
or of Pittsburgh; but even in these mines
the hmount is Often large enough in a few
hours to make awhole “ chamber” violently
explosive. When the air is found to be im-
pure, the chamber is carefully ventilated,
sometimes by steam fans throwing in pure
air, sometimes by merely scattering the gas
with cloths, sometimes by setting it on fire
once for all before entering the chamber to
work. ”Not unfrequently strong jets of fire-
damp are found coming out from the coal,
or bubbling up in the water which drains
the mine; and these are carefully turned
into the air shaft which veniilaics the mine,
or are sometimes set on fire, forming a nat-
ural lump amid a darkness as thick as that
of Byron’s dream. But in spite of all pre-
cautions, cxplosions sometimes occur; and
no your passes Without a large amount of
suffering among the workmen from this
cause.
OTHER DANCERS.
But this is not the only danger. About a
year ago, at one of the Lackawanna shafts,
near Scranton, seventeen incu stepped on a
ilatform to go down into the mine; the
rope recivcd a shock or jerk of some kind,
and broke, and the “ cage” fell with them to
the bottom, killing thirteen instantly, and
greatly injuring the others. Such accidents
as this are rare; but every year discovers
some new form of danger. The falling in
of mine roofs is constant; and the miner’s
blast too Often brings down rocks upon him
or his fellow—laborers. The risks of the
business, in short, are b send those of al-
most any other form of r~..!llL‘(i laliOr, unless
it be the in'iiiufiicture of gunpowder or
actual military service; and this is doubt-
less the chief 1‘t};l;<t)ll wily it is generally
paid so liberally.
UNCI
The miner
when he has bi mind it <~
him to extend his {filitil
1'3 (31‘ COAL VEINS.
engineer of li‘i? ti'orle.
become unprofitable, i'i'uqu. t’.;'
the bed of coal may Change 2:.» .
begin to tend downwards; or ii:
or slate may be so large, or the q. _
the coal so poor, or the thickness oi i. .1
small, that it cannot be worked to adv ,
tage; or the miner may come to a “ fault,"
and lose the bed of coal entirely. In any
of these cases he will simply report it, and
top work until a better place is found or
made for him. The surveyor, a skilled geol-
ogist, is in demand, in case of a fault; and
must carefully examine the formation of the
strata exposed, and infer from these, if pos-
sible, where the continuation of the bed Will
be found. Sometimes it is broken off, and
lifted up or dcpr .(1 many t; indeed, at
one famous “ dike” in unEngiisli coal field,
one edgcof the coal bed has been lifted up
hundred of yards above the other edge,
from which it was broken off.
now THE COAL Is TAREX OUT.
The minor, then, “ throws down" the coal
upon the floor of the chamber. For each
niincr there is a laborer, who, when coal is
mined “by contract" is paid out of the nii-
ner’s wages; and whose work it is to take
up the lumps of coal, rejecting the slate and
other impurities, and, throwing them aside
into the exhausted parts of the chamber be-
hind, to put. the coal into a small car, and
take this to the foot of the Sll‘lfl'. There i:
is placed on the platform or cage, and rap—
idly raised to the top of the wooden build-
ing or breaker over the mine. By an in—
genious combination of lovers the car is.
“ dumped” automatically just as it reaches
the top, all the coal in it is thrown into a
“chute” above the “ breakers,” and the
empty ear is then returned to the bottom oi
the shaft, as another one, loaded, is raised
on the other side. It is common for two
miners and two laborers to work together ir.
a chamber thirty feet wide, and in a vein 0:
from six to ten feet of pureand solid coal;
and \thcy can then producc'upon an average
ill - n
11* e
seven cars of coal, or eleven tons, a day.
But to do this the miners work but a part of
the day, rarely remaining at. their post after
three o‘clock, and often completing their
task by noon. In a shaft not more than
three hundred feet deep, first-class machin-
ery will lift and throw out the loads of coal
with a wonderful speed; “ dumping" two
cars of 3,500 pounds each in every three
minutes',or at the rate of 1,680 tons of two
thousand pounds in a day. But thisis dent-
for afew hours only, and there is scarcely a
coliicry in the coal regions which actually
raises on t’ie average of the year one-halt
or even one-third of that amount.
The mines are generally below the
streams of water, and would be flooded it
powerful pumps were not kept in operation
continually. The “ fans” too, for ventilating
the mines save the workmen from suffoca:
lion. Tlicsc, as well as the breakers and
elevators, are all driven by steam; and the
last named alone, though resembling in
principle those in use iii the Astor House
and Fifth Avenue Hotel, yet require much
1110.3 power than any engines known in
fashionable resorts outside of the great At-
lantic steamers. In fact, engines of at least
two to three hundred horse-power are nec-
essary to do all. this work satisfactorily ;
themselves cbnsuming from twelve to twen-
ty tons of coal every day
Tim BREAKER.
The coal their rolls down the “chute” from
the cars upon the “breakers.” These are
twin rollers of cast iron, of perhaps a foot
in diameter, thickly set with strong stce
teeth, and revolving rapid] y in opposite di-
rections, so close together that the teeth
crush irresistibly everything that comes be-
tween them. They break the coal into
pieces of variable size,and it falls from them
into another wide trough or “chute" be-
iow,aiong which sit a number of boys,chief-
ly the sons ofminers and laborers, whose
work it is to pick out the slate and other
rock that has escaped rejection in th‘c
mines. The breakers test the coal, and re-
veal many impuritics not noticed before :
and a colliery yielding from three to five
hundred tons a day will keep from twenty
,to fifty boys hard at work all day long
“picking slate” at the breakers. The at-
mosphere is stifling with dust, the noise of
the machinery stunning, so that nothing
else can be heard,and the work itself as dull
and monotonous and dirty as any that can
easily be devised. Yet it is no, uncommon
thing for miners who are carniu g large sums.
who own their' homes and save their money
every ycar,to keep their sons in these places
from infancy, for the sake of the, forty or
sixty cents a day they can thus earn, to the
utter neglect of their education and morals;
and with the only hope and ambition to
findtlieir way at last, when full grow, in-
to the mines, and to become laborers and
miners there.
PREPARATION on "as COAL l" a MARKET.
From the breakers the coal falls in cylin-
drical sieves, which are kept revolving ly
the same machinery. These are construe:-
ed in long sections, to pas: successively the
different sizes of coal.. The first throws
down only dust, the next the fine black
gravel known as pea. coal, the next the
“chestnut” size, and so on until the store,
the egg, the grate and the steamboat coal
have been separated. But at some of the
collieries the very best Of the coal is never
passed through the breakers at all, but is
carefully picked out beforehand and loaded
in cars to be sent to market as “lump.” The
sieves which separate the several sizes
throw them into “chutes,” which hold large
amounts of coal on their inclined surfaces,
but end below in slides or “gates,” directly
is opened, the coal falls into the car until it
is filled, and the slide is closed again. From
this car the coal is commonly delivered by
“dumping” at the canal, or at Hobokcn, or
Roundout, or JcrscyCity, or Port Richmond
into the boat in which itfiually reaches the
retailer. It is by loading this car at the
breaker that the “operator” properly com-
pletes his work, and the coal passes into the
hands of the transporter or carrier.
In this region the total number of persons
employed about the work of mining, raising
and preparing for market the coal, is about
one for each six hundred tons of the ut-
most animal capacity of the works. In the
Schuylkill and Leiiigh districts the number
is still larger, the proportion of laborers and
Sl“ll-"l‘iclm-s being greater than here. It is
safe to say that not less than fifty thousand
men and boys find employment in and
about the works, of whom perhaps eight
thousand rank as miners, although the ac-
tual amount of coal now taken out in a. year
would notf'uily employ more than four, or
at most five thousand, skilled miners in
blasting it.
WASTE OE TIIE Minus.
There is nothing about it in which the
..l:ep ; and the
over the railroad track. When. one of these _
waste is not enormous. In the first place,
when a good bad of coal is found and miued
one-third ofit is regularly left to support
the roof. Between every twu “chambers,”
each thirtyfceti wide, a solid pier, fifteen
feet thick, is left standing. Again when six
. , neglecting the oth 11's, and of-
'~ig the ground, by causing it to
settle irreeni-irly and break up, so as to
make it. (ii call if not practically iinposei-
Eiic ever to vork the others. Veins of less
‘ “' vitli utter
.3 or six feet are tle .'
more ea aiiy
example, of
,. lit-lowthis
stale, and
"coal, which
. _ to in. .:e it thoroughly
“1:: 1' will mine out the up—
»;re, and their abandon
" 'ziduuliy falls
Lsc . 'ln gt. ,
YJAiU it comes to
Ctigli the actual
taming lands is
, even more——
thatis to sit} .l . _ ‘ '12: hundred
ind fifty tllOllt. ‘:,.: . r: ,I-rc of'luiid
—-yot the numb - -? ‘.l actually
yield to the market _: . Lilli tons
such is but small, and the v r .,,-.: {deduct
.0 each acre exhausted or abandoned is not
more than ten thousand tons.
- But the waste is not ended at the mouth
of the pit. The breakers crush the coal at
random and reduce much of it to dust ; and
much more of it to a. size too small for ordi-
nary use. It was formerly the custom to
throw away into the “calm heaps” all coal
below the sizes familiar in the market ; but
of late years “chestnut” and “pea” coals
riave grown in‘o use very rapidly, and
economical operators burn chiefly the let
“.1"? for the mining engines. .It will hardly
tell as yet for enough to pay the cost of
transportation to the great markets ; but it
is so easily burned that, as it becomes ,bet-
.er known, the demand for it Will certainly
so ; and this item of waste will be di-
.llilllSllCd. ’
’l‘hcdust, "calm,” or crushed coal, the
slate picked out of the coal, and the reject-
ed fine coal itself, are all thrown out togeth-
‘:l‘ in a. heap upon the ground. Every col-
iirry becomes embarrassed in a few years
with these vast piles of waste, which it can
only build higher and extend wider at it
ceiisi-iiitly increasing cost. There is one at
t. coliic-ry near Scranton which cOvers fif-
less than seventy-five feet:
owners have now built upon
it a new trestlework twice as high,up which
.0 carry their waste and throw it off. But
these are new mines compared with those
,)f the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Com-
pany around Summit Hill, where the side
of the mountain, six to eight hundred feet
in height, has been in several places carriei
i'ar f :rward into the valley by the coal
waste thrown out from near the top. The
same system prevails in all the districts ;
.md it is within the truth to estimate the
,tlllolllll of excellent anthracite coal, nearly
pure carbon, now standing in these dreary
lust heaps, at two years’ supply of fuel for
die coalburuing ublie of the United States.
it is constantly increasing, and must in-
crease so long as this wasteful method of
preparation for market is practised. Mean»
while the poor of all the country around
:hc mines, and the miners and laborers in
:hc works, get a good supply of fuel by
filling out portions of the.‘ heaps. Practi-
cal men are busily trying to contrive Ways
of burning the coal dust itself, and succeed
well enough to make probable that the
"calm” will one day be useful fuel.
These impressions of wastefulness are
heightened in many ways. In the Schuyl
fiiiland Lehigh regions the price of coal
stimulates operators to drive their works to
the utmost; in many places two sets 0
hands are employed in the mines, one by
l;_ .
pass that, p.
zmount ul' 1.: Lil : . .. .
from fifty to ' '- '-
'lli 1&1.
iC-C‘ll‘ilti'i"S, llOl
klay and one by night, and machinery of all
.riuds is made to do far more than it was
built or designed to do. On the railroads
trains crowdingr together crush one another;
and, in various ways, so many coal ears are
destroyed that the shops engaged in build-
ing them, which are using every means to
increase the rolling stock in use,flnd it their
almost achievement to maintain the present
:quipment‘. In the sh sits and in the inclin~
ed planes, engines give way under their un
usual loads, and the too constant strain ;
.indinterruptions in these Ways are so fre-
quent that, although there his been quite a
general effort to press productioa to the at
.nost, the actual percentage Of increase of
the weekly consignments is but small.
But all this, it must; be confeswd, docs less
to intensify the depressing sense of waste in
the business than the present idle condition
of the extensive works upon the Luckn-
wauua. Here is an amount of capital and
of labor inadc,for the time, absolutely uu- ‘
productive and useless, which is sufficient
to mine and deliver in New York fifteen
thousand tons of coal every day. A small
proportion of this labor is employ. d, indeed,
at a distance from home; but is adding
scarcely anything to the production there,
so that it is really wasted; and the capital
invested in real estate, mines, machinery,
railroads, rolling stock, canals, boats, docks
and yards, is not merely idle, but in many
parts actually going to decay for want of
use, or maintained only at a cost which is
sheer loss. Nor does this now occur fer the
first time. The employment of labor and
.he productive use of capital have been for
nany years peculiarly uncertain and, irreg-
ular in the business. The uncertainty, the
enormous waste caused by the irregularity
have to find a compensation somewhere; and
it cranes in the form of a higher price for
caal. Thus the people everywhere are tax-
ed by the disordered relations between the
employers and the employed.
figs—b The annual meeting of the stockhold-
ers of the Shore Line railroad was held in
New Haven on Monday. The treasurcr’s
statement was read, from which it appears
that the gross receipts for the year (includ-
ing the sale of steamer Union for $8,000)
amount to $310,181,85 : the expenditures to
$302,757,65—showing the net earnings to be
47,424,211 ; out of which dividends to the
_ amount of $39,471,00 have been paid,leaving
a hallauce of $7,963,20 to be carried to new
[00011]“-
Norwalk Chronicler