NO
_
_ 9A..- . H. _-d .. .... ._...._.
LK GAZE
T
PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY MORNING BY
A, H. BYINGTON a 00.,
a
' AT Two DOLLARS PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE.
g gamilg amateur». gainful to goal aims ha Sunroofs, (neutral panama, fifteenth ignites, gamma». agitators:tru-dnahlhhw in lfiflfl.
s
N ORWALK, CONN .,
VOLUME .XLIV--NUMBER_ 6.
NUMBER 683--NEW SERIES.
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 5,186].
NORWALK GAZE TTE
OFFICE IN GAZETTE BUILDING.
. A. H. BYING'I‘ON & CO., ‘
A. H. BrrNo'rox, J. B. ELLs, G. N. ELLs.
Subscription Rates.
All Subscribers by Carrier, Mail, Post Riders and
Wagoner-s, per year , q ‘ , , ’ 00
ThoId living out ofdany Carrier 3 Distnct, if
' r in a vance
CIIIIIs o‘I‘nsiiegr more 5911: {0 one address, to he
paid in advance,
Single copies 4 cents.
Advertising Rates.
One Square, one insertion, $1 00
-- two insertions, 1 25
three insértlons, 1 50
-- one month, 1 '75
.. two months, 3 00
.. three months, 4 00
a six months, . 7 00
-‘ one year—with paper 15 00
Two 5 uares, one year—with paper, 0' 00
Each 2 tioual Square, per year, 8 00
One half column, one year, . 40 00
One Column, one year, 75 00
Fifteen lines, or 100 words,makc a square. Fraction-
al arts of a square cha ed for as a whole.
Year y advertisers have t e privilege of changing
their advertisements once per month. Advertise-
ments changed oftener charged as transient.
Yearly advertisements payable lst of January 85 July.
Yearly advertisers restricted to the business contem-
plated at the time of contract.
Cards, Resolutions, Funeral and all other Special No- -
tices 25 per cent. additional on the above.
W These terms will be inflexibly adhered tog
=:_ —f‘ '
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
-., \ ~.-‘\.\.‘\."x- \. 424x \‘1n-r\( ‘..'-. ~— . \sw~
Norwalk Post Office
' NAILS CLOSE.
West 7.00 A. M.-2.30 P. M.
East 8.20 A. M.—-5.15 P. M.
Danbury & Norwalk Railroad 8.50 A. M.
Weston, Bedding and Bedding Ridge, 12 M.
MAILS DUE.
West 9.10 A. M.—6.30 P. M.
East 8.00 A. M.-—3.30 P. M.
Danbury & Norwalk Railroad 7.30 A. M.
POST OFFICE HOURS.
From 7.00 A. M. to 8.00 P. M.
H. W. SMITH, r. n. -
NORWALK HOTEL,
(LATELY 'rna ALLIS HOUSE, )
EDWIN PECIC, PROPRIETOR, '
A LEASE of this well-known and popu-
lar House havintr been purchased of
' Mr. Allis, will be continued, as heretofore, as
a first class provincial Hotel. No pains ta-
king or expense will be spared to render
this in all respects a quiet and genteel, as it
is a beautiful rural retreat. Permanent and
transient guests accommodated upon reason-
able terms. -
W A good Livery Stable connected with
the Hotel.
GREGORY’S POINT
H O T E L,
Norwalk, Conn.
D. H. N UTTER, ......... Pnornm'ron.
THE. ALLIS HOUSE, ' '
(formerly Union House,)
Opposite N. Y. 85 N. H. Depot, in Union-st,
. New Haven, Conn.
. L.- P. ALLIS, hornmrron.
JAMES G. HARBOUR,
. 'suncrcar. AND MECHANICAL
p E N T I s '1',
Office at Residence, East Avenue, Norwalk,
' Connecticut.
Architecture.
SIDNEY M. STONE,
ARCHITECT,
Will furhish Plans, Specifications, Detail
Drawings, and superintend the erection of
public and private buildings. Office in Mar-
ble Block. Chapel-st, New Haven, Ct. tt52
E0. F. BELDEN, Norwalk, Conn.,Man-
ufacturcr of Tin, Copper, and Sheet
Iron Ware; and dealer in Stoves, Ranges,
Furnaces, Cutlery, Brittannia, Wooden and
Willow Ware, Crockery; and a full assort-
ment of House Keeping articles generally.
E. BISSELL, Auctioneer, will give
0 particular attention to sales by Auc-
tion, of Real Estate, Personal Property and
Household Furniture : terms low.
WM. 0. STREET" to,
Importers ; wholesale and retail dealers in
HARDWARE, IRON,
Steel Cutlery, Guns, Agricultural Imple-
ments, Oils, Paints, Window Glass,.&c.
o. s. monomer),
Fashionable Draper 8; Tailor,
and.’
seamstress Foamsnmo
EMPORIUM 2
N o. 3 Skiddy’s Block, Main-st, Norwalk, Ct.
0.3. GR‘U’MAN,
‘ Dealer in Foreign and Domestic
DRY GOODS, CARPETINGS,
Carriage Trimmings, Cloths, Cassimeres,
Satiristis Yestings, and 'l‘ailor’s
Trimmings, by the Yard, Piece
or Package. Shootings,
Shirtings, Jeans, &c.
At the lowest possible prices. .
' NORWALK, CONN.
s. I: onus-man a. co.,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in -
Groceries, Flour, Peed, do,
14 and Ill. heath liquids Conn.
65, 6!. G. M. HOLMES,
ceases IN '
Groceries, Provisions, Flour,
FEED, we. 4
No. 13 Main Street, Norwalk, Conn.
GEO. M. HOLMES.
one. HOLMES.
Erna Inson one}: COMPANY,
Of Hartford,
Incorporated in 1819, Charter Perpetual,
{32333 ‘39P“. grgqopoo
insure against, loss and damage by Eire,
‘ l" ”‘ A . . ‘
or; Terms adapted to the-lmzzirdmud
gonsistmjt 'with the laws of
pumpeimutiou.
GEORGE R. COVVLES Sole Agent
1y34 For orwalk and vicinity.
Gas Piping, Fitting, ac.
SEWING MACHINES REPAIRED.
r HE subscriber ’is prepared to attend all
_ .. calls in the gas-fittin‘lillf», or.» Will‘a‘shl
Lupin. readings, to re air“ wing or the'r a‘-'
tiliines."“'Cli'al'ges roa'sonable'itiid W‘Ork thor-
u'ohly gull prompt] done;
of“ T ODORE ,GLOVER.
ADIES and Children’s FURS, at
' DISBROW’S.
“Novas.
THE office of C. F. Moeller’s Dyeing E8-
tabhshment has been
R E M 0 I" E D
from Mr. John F. Bennett‘s, to Bunting‘s
Bakery, Main-st, where he will be glad to
see all his old customers as .well one many
new ones as will favor him with a call.
South Norwalk, Chas. R. Bennett; Winni-
pauk, Jos. 0. Bundle.
CEMENT ROOFING.
HIS article has been thoroughly tested by
T builders, Architects, and others, and thy
experience of years has proved it to be the
cheapest and most, dumb e roofing in use.
We call attention to the following facts :
let—It is fire and water proof.
2d—From its great elasticity it is not inju-
riously affected by extremes of heat and cold.
3d—It is adapted to all kinds of Roofs,
whether steep or flat, and is not in want of
constant repairs, as is the case with metal and
other roofs.
4tli—The cost is only about One-Half that
of Tin, and it is twice as durable.
It is readily applied to Old Shingle Roofs,
without removing the shingles, which is a
great desidcratum to parties who do not wish
to risk having their ceilings and furniture ru-
ined, while repairs are being made.
Leaky Tin and Metal Roofs are readily re-
paired with Gutta Percha Cement, and
prevented from further corrosion and leaking
thereby insuring a perfectly water-tight roof
for many years.
Specimens of the Rcofing can be seen by
calling on the subscriber, at South Norwalk.
All orders b letter will receive prompt at-
tention. ,- F. HUNT, South Norwalk.
INSURANCE.
‘ HE subscriber having taken the agency
of the New England Fire and Marine In-
surance 00. of Hartford, is prepared to insure
all kinds of property against loss or damage
by fire, on as accommodating terms as any
other Company. '
The New England Fire and Marine Insu-
rance Company has been recently established
With a paid in capital of $200,000 and has a
surplus of $6,295.00.
JOSEPH W. HUBBELL,
Agent for Norwalk and vicinity.
Norwalk, Feb. 1st, 1850. tf5
E. QUINI‘ARD a. SONS,
Cabinet Makers 5
At their Old Established Ware Rooms,
, East Side the Bridge, ‘
' OPPOSITE PHOZ'NIX BLOCK.
HAVE now onhand thelargcst and best
assortment of Cabinet Furniture,Chairs,
L'ooking Glasses, Mattresses, etc., ever offered
for sale in this place, which we have just pur-
chased for cash, at extremely low prices, and
~intend to sell accordingly. ;
We also keep constantly on hand, Ready
Made Ooflns of all sizes and descriptions, from
the most costly Rosewood to the plaincst ever
used. ‘
1From our long experience in the Underta-
king Business, we are confident we can give
perfect satisfhction to all who may need our
services. 37
Groceries Cheaper than ever
; I‘ O R C A S H !
HE s'ubsdmm' inform the public
' generally, that he still continues to sell
the best of Groceries, rovisions, etc., at his
old stand, No. 4 Skiddy 5 Block, as cheap as
the cheapest. He offers great inducements
to cash buyers, as he has as largest} assort-
ment of groceries of the best qualities. as can
be found at any store in the country. He
would invite the special attention of all to his
stock of . -
COFFEES, TEAS AND SU GARS,
whiai are of the very best quality, and will
be sold cheap. he public are invited to call
and examine and judge liar themselves.
. MOREHOUSE.
SOUTH NORWALK
. Ladies and Gents’
Boot do Shoe' Store.
" ‘IIE subscriber, having taken the business
and stand of Stevens & Tristram, is pre-
pared to supply every article to be found in a
first class Boot and Shoe Establishment, for 1a-
dies, gentlemen, or children’s wear.
Our goods are manufactured expressly for
our own sales, and warrant all work sold by
us. Always on hand, or- made to order at
short notice, _
Gents’ Patent Leather Boots, Shoes, die. ,-
Ladr'es’ Gaiters, etc., dl-c. ; Children’s
Gaiters, and Shoes, (to, &c., (to.
.Rubbcr goods ; a large stock kept constantly
on hand. Repairing done neatly and expedi-
entlg. ‘H'ARVEY STEVENS.
South Norwalk (No.3, Ely’s Block), April
7. 1860. _
E'C‘RNI'J-‘VREI
HE subscriber is ROW- prepared to offer to
the public, at his old stand, as good an
assortment of
Cabinet furniture
as can be found in Fairficld Cormty, and at
lower prices, FOR CASH, than the same
qualit of goods can be obtained at any other
Estab ishment.
The stock consists in part of
Marble Top, Extension, Dining, Card, and
Quartette Tables; Bookcases, Bunions,
Sofas, Tete-a—tete Lounges; Mahog.
any and (Jails seat 01ml .8; Gilt
aindllfahoganyli‘ramc ook~'
ins Glasses, «he... 860.
COFFIN WAREROOMS ,-
wherc may be found a. full assortment of Cof-
fins, which will finished in the best possible
manner, and at short notice.
at?” A hearse will be furnished when de-
sired. RENOUD.
Westport, May 1st, 1858.
Hardware and Cutlery.
Mechanic} Tole, Farming Utensils, Guns,
‘ "Pistols, rod and Steel, Window
Glass, Paints and Oils.
M. C. STREET & CO. have in store
and are constantly receiving direct,
from the manufacturers, a large supply of
Foreign and Domestic Goods, under the above
denominatibns,wlnch makes their assortment
of articles suited to this market, equal to any
in the State, and which will be sold either
wholesale or retail on as. favorable terms as
can be purchased in New York.
WILLIAM C. STREET,
' A. H. WILCOXSON.
Notice.
7 HE subscriber havi g secured tho , en-
1‘ cy for the sale of I‘flnoklgdfilydus‘gén'a
In!“ W uchinc‘ fii‘r‘th‘c ‘Tow‘ns 0, .
H ( ‘ , , orwalk,
Wl;stport,‘1{ f dding, Ridgefield. Wilton, New
Canaan, Daricn and. Stamford. he will be
lii'ell‘ll'iltl to exhibit and operate said Machine
in the cornea ofthe coming week. The Ma-
chino. considering its great range of work-
, manship, is probably the best Family Sewing
Machine in existence; and any person wish-
ing to get one will do well to wait a few
days, when he can see and judge for himself.
, : GEO. H. HANDLE.
P. S.—TheMachincs may be seen in opcr!
ation at the Store of George Hoyt. ‘- ’
_ - 3'13ch Goods, flc.
A fine assortment of Fancy Goods, Pocket
Cutlery, and a new lot of Rodger-’53 Scis-
sors, just received and warranted to be a first
rate article. Clocks of all kinds. We have
something new, and needs onl ' to be tried to
be appreciated. A. JACK ON & BRO,
; At the 01d sweats Sheet.
3.
o.
Outta Percha & India Rubber '
also the agency of Mcrrill’s Oriental Pomade, ~
W®memm®m°a
LADIES’ AND GENT’S
OYSTER &. ICE CREAM SALOON
Skiddy‘s Block,- Main-st., N orwalk.
N e w ,
HARDWARE 8L PAINT STORE,
Main Street,
Opposite I. H. Campell’s Confectionery,
MARVIN & PROWITT,
Wholesale and retail Dealers in Hardware,
, Cutlery, Paints, Oils, Glass, Paper Hang-
ings, Window Shades, &c.
A. CACHSON 6L BRO.
VVOULD respectfully announce to the
public and their old customers, that
they have recently made extensive additions
to their stock of goods. We are now prepar-
ed to offer an assortment not to be surpassed
in Fairfield Count r, in quality or price. We
would call particu or attention to our stock of
Watches, which is lar er than ever before.—
We have a fine lot of adics’ Swiss Watches,
in gold cases, at prices varying from $20 to
$75, which we can recommend as bclnrJr cor-
rect time keepers. Also, Gentlemen’s atch-
es, in silver and gold cases, at any price from
$5 to $100. We buy of the best importers in
New York, and altogether for cash, so that
our facilities for selling cheap could not be
greater. Our stock of Jewelry, Silver and
latcd Wares was never better than at pres-
ent, and comprises all of the latest styles that
are manufactured. A. JACKSON do BRO.
Mr. J'. Hessian,
Professorof Music
Is now prepared to re-
new his course of instruc-
tion to all those who may desire his services.
Instructions given on the Piano Forte, Organ
or Melodcon. . '
Pianos tuned and repaired. All orders left
at his residence, Main-st.., and store of A. H.
Camp, No. 17 Main-st, Norwalk, will be
promptly attended to. 1y32
House 8; Sign Painting,
GILDING, GLAZING, did, do,
SOUTH NORWALK.
HE subscriber will execute all orders in
Plain or Ornamental Painting in the
most satisfactory manner, and at reasonable
prices. . . . _
Also,.For Sale, his present residence (with
his business if desired), comprisin a house
nearly new, with garden, trees, 9 rubbery,
&c., and ashop thereon. Terms easy. Ap-
ply on the premises, opposite Quintard &
Smith’s Carriage Factors, to
GE RGE HODGES.
May- 7th, 1860. . 1y19
J. N. LOGKWOOD coo,
West Side of the Bridge,
LYNES’ NEW BLOCK,
KEEP constantly on hand, a large and
varied assortment of Ladies’, Gents’,and
Children’s "
GAITERS, BOOTS, SHOES, &c.,
all made under our own personal supervis-
ion, of the best material, and in the most
workm'anlike—manner. Our assortment of
Ladies’ Gaiters undoubtedly comprises—both
in extent and quality—a finer assortment than
can be found at any similar establishment in.
ghe County. In Gent‘s Boots, Gaiters, Shoes,
etc., we have a. larger and better assortment,
We are confident, than was ever before offer-
ed in Norwalk. We are prepared to manu-
facture, to measure any article in our line, and
at the shortest not-ice.
Misscs’ and Children’s Shoes, Rubbers, etc.,
in endless variety. A fine article of Slippers
for Gcnts’ wear.
REPAIRING—ill all its branches—done
neatly, quickly, and cheaply.
House Painting,
GLAZING, GRAINING, GILDING, 'ETC.
C. C. BROTHERTON
S prepared to execute all orders in the
_ above line of business with neatncss and
dispatch. All orders for
PAPER HANGING, '
will be executed in the best manner, by an
experienced workman.
Orders left at the Store of E. Va. Glitchester,
or at the subscriber’s residence, on Mer-
win Street, will meet with prompt attention.
' G. 0- Bnomaaros.
General Elacksmrthing.
CARRIAGE MAKING d- REPAIRNG ,-
Aml Horse Shocing Exchange.
THE subscribers have made arrangements
for carrying on a general Blacksmithing,
Carriage Making and Repairing; and also,
for the Shocing of Horses, in which depart-
ment, we have the services of a man thor-
oughly competent and experienced, whom
we will warrant not to be surpassed in this
line of his vocation. A share Of ill?» public
patronage is respectfully splicited.
E» M; MERRITT d2 00.
E. M. Muslim. G. W. MERRITT.
, Water-st... Ntmvalk. Conn.
Whitney’s
Photographic and. Fine Art
- -'GALLERY,
NORWALK, CON-N.
ATE E. B. Tnonrsox’s. E T. Whit“.
would inform the citizens of Nowell:
that he has established himsolf in the Gazette
Building, and will furnish them with Photo-
graps, Anlbrclxpi‘a. and all kinds of Pictures
taken, .‘1 to sun, frbm Miniatures, to life
size; no ored or plain
; in the highest st 1e
E. T. WH TNE .
tf29
of the art. _
D. B. Woonntmv, Operator
Wagon and Carria
6
BUILDING AND new we,
N New anaan, at the old stand of the
subscriber. Every description of Wagons
made to order, and ten per cent. cheaper than
any other shop in the county. All kinds of
Farm produce, and Oak, Ash, and Hickory
Plank taken in exchange for work. '
tiL’9 E. L. ARNOLD.
ALBERT HQREEI.
MERCHANT volition,
D- . WING Store of Kan db LyueS,
A digit-st” Norwalk, Connpp’l‘he public
31% respectfully invited to call and examine
the large and varied assortment of READY
MADE CLOTHING, French Cloths, Cassi-
meres and Vestmgs, also a general assortment
of Gentleman’s Furnishing Goods, consistin‘ ,
in part, of Hats, Caps, Umbrellas, Shirts, Co -
lars, Cravats, Handkerchiefs, Suspenders, &c.
Cloths, Cassimeres and Vestings b the y ,d
or pattern, and out free of charge. wildfir-
'attention paid to Childrenfs,‘ Qgrments,
r. o, sulfur a so N,
G w‘u‘ehnsata AND RETAIL DEALERS IN
Fruit Trees,GrapeVines,
SHRUBBERV. 8:0.
-—-ALSO—
NATIVE WINES 0F
SUPERIOR ougmrn
Waréelwm. 002m.
All (15‘ (She by mail or otherwise, promptly
filled. as. carefully packed for transxlortw
has. 331“
.5.
A -
. €_Lx‘.‘u."b3}h:2"!"zkfr7Lmsill-.54..
or a. .r. n. nuonrxn.
u' . ____.
Gov. Hicks of Maryland rebukes the action of the
Secessionists, and refuses to call a s ecisl session
of the Legislature for the purpose 0 joining other
Southern tates in forming a separate confederacy.
Unroll the Narrox’s crumpled chart—
Half rent, amid Disunion’s jars—
And mark the State whose loyal heart
' Boats for the Union stars !-——.
‘Unf‘url the Nation’s banner’d blue,
And flash its gules from hill to hill;
For MARYLAND, thank God! is true—
True to the Union still i
Behold! frdm Vernon’s solemn gloom
Our Farrier: lifts his'gusrdian hand;
Behold! from Vernon’s silent tomb
He points to—anmn !
As if? in sooth, his Mother’s name
Could link no worthier soil with fame !
No need hast thou, 0 Baltimore!
Of storied shafts, to crown thy shore!
While roll the waves of Chesapeake
Their seaward song thy truth shall speak
And round our home, returning ships
Cry “UNION s'rru. l" with eager lips!
For, high (an Alleghany's edge.
And blue Kotoctin's misty ridgc—~ 7% ‘ '
And up the ancient Warrior crags, ' 3‘ r
I see ten thousand starry flags; Rf
And woven with every stripe and star,~ ‘
In scrolls of glory flashing far, +0
I see run UNION'S azure band ,,
Enclasp the zone of Maryland! in:
Heart of our Nation !.—nobly steeied' sf
To breast and badle Danger’s shocks 1—?
’I‘mnn, in the changing battle field— .
Time, at the Ballot-Box! . ,
Heart of the Union i—Maryland ! 3.5 . »-
Clasp thou its Banner in thy hand 1 ti
Let this thy faith repay: .,., ,
Where Calvert’s" tolerant footsteps trod,
And good Charles Carroll worship‘d God-1’
There—deep within thy hallowed sod—~
Plant thou that Flag—for aye i
From Susquehanna’s glorious tide,
And where Patuxent's water’s glide,
’l‘o Wicomceco’s sunlit side,
Ye Southern maiden's rise! . ' ‘
Go! crown with wreaths your patriot hora;
Go! bless the brave who loyal stand !— _ f‘ .
Go! greet the sons of Maryland {I I
With lips, and cheeks, and eyes! ' f" I
No sweeter lip, no purer cheek, 35"“
No brighter eye, in love may speak— 5 -
No warmer heart the world command,
Than woman’s heart—in MARYLAND!
Faithful, amid the faithlels now, ,
0 Sister of the South thou art !—-——
Henceforth our Banner-Bearer thou— , l!"
Thy name—“The Union’s Heart 1" fish;
Our Flag shall wave—our Union stand, 3" .
While beats the heart of Maryland !~ I
-————-—o.‘.
S P E ‘E C H
o F _' Y”
HON. ORRIS s. FERRY,
DELIVERED IN CONGRESS »
On Thursday, the 24th of Janitors/.1831.
l-
a
.5 T" .
. .4‘r"
MR. SPEAKER, -
- I recognize, to—day buI—iwo
parties in this country: the party of lawiiind
order, and the party of revolution; the”
which would preserve the Federal M“
ernment and the party which won “-
stroy . that Government ; the wk!
and the Disunionists. The rapid M
of the latter organization, which, emerging
from the lurking-places of conspiracy
a little more than two monghs ago
ago, has in that short space of time, become
dominant in several of“ the States, and has
led thousands of citizens into open rebellion
against the Governnient,rcquires of us a care-
ful secrutiny into the avowed reasons for so
unnatural a revolt, and an impartial investi-
gation of its origin, of the objects of its lead-
ers, and of the results to which it tends. 0n
the other hand, the absolutenecessity which
exists' for the maintenance of social'ordcr,
demands of us that we ascertain a adopt the
most effective methods for the preservation
of the social fabric. The consideration of the
measures reported by the majority and mi-
nority of the committee, necessarily involves
the inquiries which I have just indicated.
In the manifestoes published by the disun-
ionists for their own justification, I find vari-
ous circumstranccs assigned as furnishing
sufficient reaSOns for rebellion. The first is,
that Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin
have been elected President and Vice Presi-
dent ofi the United States. Was there any
violation of the Cnstitution, any infringement
of the law, in the mode of accomplishingthat
result? None whatever. The result, then,
is not, in itself, sufficient cause for disunion.
But it is said that Abraham Lincoln dis-
likes slavery, aud is of opinion that it will
ultimately disappear from the Republic.—
Georgo Washington, the first President of
the United States, held the same views. So
did John Adams; so did Thomas Jefferson;
so did James Madison; so did James Monroe.
Clearly, then, this is not cause for disunion.
It is urged, however, that Mr. Lincoln
thinks ,that slavery ought not to expand into
free territory. So did President Jefferson,
when be approved the act to enable the peo-
ple of Ohio to form a State constitution with
an express provision to prevent the expan-
sion slavery oi‘into the future State. 80 did
President Madison, when he approved the
act to enable the people of Indiana to form a
State constitution‘with the same restrictions.
So did President Monroe, when, with. his ap-
proval, the same conditions were imposed
upon the admission of lhe State of Illinois.
So did PresidentJackson, when be approved
the act organizing the Territory of Wiscon-
sin, including the present States of Wiscon-
Sin. and Iowa, with an express prohibition of
the existence of slavery therein. So did
President Polk, when he signed the act “to
establish the territorial government of Ore-
gon" with the same wise prohibition imposed
upon “the inhabitants and future States" of
that Territory. How, then, can the opinions
of President Lincoln upon this subject justify
a. (Basalutiou of the Union? -
But we are told that the number of the free
States is increasing more rapidly than that
of the slave States; that, in process of time
the former will compose three fourths of all
the members of the Union, and will then so
amend the Constitution as to secure the abo-
lition of slavery. What if liberty is outstrip-
ping slavery ig}, the march of empire? Will
you felt“. the indomitable energies of free-
, dam, till it shall limp and halt along at the
slow pace of bondage? How can the free
States acquire the apprehended preponder-
ance? When all our territory is organized
into States; when Kansas, Nebraska, Dacotah
Washington, Pike’s Felix, New Mexico, Ari-
zona, Utah, and, the Indian reservation, shall
be members; ofthe Union, with constitutions
, such, as. Jtefifcraon would approve, there will
f be but twenty seven States against you fifteen
and you are already authorized to add to
your number four more from Texas. Unles'
you extend our dominious by foreign acqui-
sition, it is impossible, with the States that
twill. be formed out of our present terri-
awn-.1,"-
MarylandL—"The Heart of our Union.” _ I
,,
, i.
.L ‘
use
tory, to acquire the three fourths requis-
ite to amend the Constitutibn in this respect.
This apprehension ceases, then, to be a cause
for rebellion.
We are told, however, that the free States
will not hesitate, when they are strong
enough, to: 'yiolate the Constitution. Such
an argumenflg 'a_simple insult; it is the bald.
pretense of ‘a'tfaitor seeking a cover for his
treason. If it. proves anything, it demon-
strates that no concession that can be made
will reach the root of difficulty. I -
It is urged, finally, that the people of the
northern States have enacted laws, which
are termed personal liberty bills, and which
interfere with the effective operation of the
statute for the rendition of fugitives from
service. I inquire into the fact, and I dis-
cover that in order to prevent abuse of pro-
cess under the rendition act, which is so con-
structed as to be peculiarly liable to such
abuse, the Legislatures of some of the north-
ern States have thrown guards around the
meat)!!! 'of their people; but with only two
;or three possible exceptions, without in any
‘Wise contravening the Constitution or the
laws of the United States. My own State is
arraigned. I look at her statute, and find
an act, whose purpose seems to be to pre-
" vent abuse of process and the reduction of
freemen to bondage, and which, in no degree
impairg the rights of claimants under the
rendition law. I ask if any case has occurred
in any State, where a claimant has lost the
5 services of'of a fugitive through the interven-
‘tlon of process under a personal liberty bill;
"andI learn that not a single instance of the
kind has happened. _, ’ '
.1393, it is added that northern ministers
épreu’ch, northern editors write, and northern
forators speak against slavery to the people.
;0f the North: and that thus the northern
,n'find has become so demerdlized as to pre-
ifer freedom to bondage. Let, then southern
_. hninisters, editors, and orators, come and
answer those of the North; no mob shall tar
and feather, hang, or shoot them; if their ef-
fforts shall prove fruitless, the evilsof free
speech and a free press are beyond remedy.
’, 3 " Inhave now considered the avowed
' Woofer this rebellion; and, on a fair ex-
4’instillation of them, I am constrained to say
list they are utterly frivolous, and such as,
lith‘émselvés, bould never have moved'the
.’ epic of any State to-sedition and revolt.—
Thc causes liedeeper; and I now proceed to
unfold them.
. Disunion, in its PIER?“ shape, is of thirty
{ears growth, although, until the 6th of N ov-
mber last, it expanded in the dark. It may
be traced to the workings of a single mind,
disappointed of a cherished ambition—when
John C. Calhoun lost the hope of being the
successor of Andrew Jackson. Though des-
titute of the hi hest qualities of statesman-
ship, Mr. Calh u had, nevertheless, thesa-
gacity to perceive the ‘yet unconscious
strength of what has since been called “the
slave power” in our complex system of gov-
ernment; how existing compactly in one
section of the country, and embracing a pc-
cuniary interest so vast that the mind is un-
able to grasp it, if its political capacities
could be brought to act as a unit, in connec-
tion with either of the great parties in the
other section, it would be potent to rule, and
how, if severed from all parties, it might be
able to ruin the Republic. All the years of
his life, after the disappointment cfhis ambi- l
tious expectations, were spent in ceaseless
. and successful efforts to unite the slavehold-
ing interest as a single combatant in the po-
litical arena. It was necessary, first of all, to
defy the sentiment of the civilized world,
and to overturn all the convictions of the
people of the South, in order to establish
among them the dogma that slavery, in itself
is right, a moral, social, and political good.—
He made the effort, and the result has been
accomplished, while the nations have stood
aghast as they listened to this new gospel of
bondage proclaimed from the very temples
of liberty. Fearful sacrifices have been made-
in the course of this revolution of opinion.—
It was a philosophical necessity that its suc-
cess should overthrow the- liberties of those
who participated in it; and in accordance
dam of the press, and fecdom of elections,
the very elements of civil liberty, were, one
after the other, given up. It was desirable,
in the second place, to imbue the southern
mind with theories of government by which
treason might be made honorable and rebel-
lion cease to be a crime. The mischievous
heresy of secession was revived, and, after
many years of denial and dispute, adopted as
a fundamental axiom in southern politics.
To combine the elements of political pow-
er in the slave holding States was more diffi-
cult task. The genius, patriotism, and pop-
ularity of Mr. Clay, were the chief obstacles
to be overcome. They were overcome in the
presidential election of 1844; and the first act
intho drama of disunion was accomplish’d by
the annexation of Texas, under the immedi-
ate auspices of Mr. Calhoun. Additional
strength was gained by the slaveholding inteJ
rest in the general governments: a vastterri-
acquired for the expected. southern confede-
racy. The war with Mexico for the exten-
sion of that territory to the Rio Grande, and
for still further acquisitions to the westWard,
was the second act. It accomplished both
purposes; but the expected advantage to the
slavcholding interest in the regions beyond
the Rio Grandc Was frustrated by the genius
of Clay and the firmness of Taylor. Enough
however, had been accomplished to hasten
the purposes of the disunionists. They were
to be found in both the political parties of
that day. The time had arrived for concen-
trating their energies. They chose the Dem-
nratic‘ party as-theirinstrument; and between
1850 and 1852 the forces of disunion were
gathered into that organization. In the lat-
ter year, the total destruction of the Whig
party was accomplished. It was necessary,
further, to break up the unity of the Demo
cracy. There was one statute which was,
more than any other, dear to the country—f
The Missouri compromise was second only
' to the Constitution in the affections of the
people. A proposition for its repeal was sug-
gested. The disunionists eagerly seized upon
that project,and the outrage was consumma-
ted. Thousands of Democrats in the free
States left their party ranks forever. A
seeming indorsement of the legislation of
1854 was obtained by the union 0! the com-
bined South with a few of the border north—
ern States, in 3hc election of Mr. Buchanan.‘
Brit it had become evident that the young
and vigorous party which had, sprung into
existence upon the repeal of the Missouri
compromise—a 1party which combined all the
1 best elements 0 the old political organiza-
with that necessity, freedom of speech, fee- .
tions of the North, and woul‘d'have speedily
taken a powerful position at the South but
for the despotism which had destroyed all
freedom of elections there—would be likely
to succeed in 1860. A made-up case Was
smuggled into the Supreme Court, which
proceeded to expound the Constitution in a
manner that compelled every patriotic jurist
in the land to blush for very shame. Slavery
was made national by judicial construction;
and that construction was enforced in the
Federal territory at the point of the bayonet.
The disunionists, mean while, had been busi-
ly at work. They had prepared a scheme of
sedition and revolt, to be carried into effect
in the'event of the election of Colonel Fre-
mont. That event having failed to occur,
they now took complete possession of Presi-
dent Buchanan. A wild saturnalin followed
unsurpassed since the worst days of the worst
emperors of Rome. Treason lurked in eve-
ry department of the Governmentand struck
hands with grand and petty larceny for the
accomplishment of its purposes. Everybody
stole. Cabinet officers, clerk, custom-house
officials. postmasters, reveled inftheft. Even
the restraints of the Spartan law were not
applied; for the criminals were never punish-
ed upon dctcction, but danced gaily off with
their spoil, toplot rebellion against the Gov-
ernment which they had first robbed and.
then betrayed. Disunion was preparing for
its consumation.’jThe infamy of the-Bred
Scott decision had destroyed the deuce
of the nation in the Supreme Court. I The in-
famy of the Lecomptori bill and the bound-
‘less corruption -wliich was everywhere re
vealing itself, had destroyed the confidence
,in the executive administration. The Re:
mobbed and strangled out of the southern
' the Union portion of Democratic party. The
great political conventions, to make nomina-
tions for the Presidency, were coming on.—
That of the Democratic party was to be held
.in Charleston, the very hot-bed of treason.—
The leaders of disunion contrived to be ap‘
pointed delegates to it. They demanded the
adoption of principles which no northern
Democrat could sanction without betraying
rhis constituency, defiling his own conscience
;and dishonoring himself. As was expected
land desired, the convention was broken into
fragments. The Democrats who stood by
the Union. were driven toanominatc a lean;
didate from the nether Section of the Repub-
lic, while the disunionists formed themselves
into a compact party prepared to sweep the
Southern States. ~Then followed apolitical
canvass such as the country had never before
witnessed. ~ The action of the disunionists in
the convent‘ou had insured the success of
the Republican party. They had now four
months before them, in which, under the pre-
tense of opposing that result, they might in-
treason and dismemberment of the Union.
No man in all the South,with here and there
an exception along the northern borders,
could open his lips in explanation of Repub-
lican principles. No man could defend them
there without the certainty of a violent death
The disunionists thus 'had the field to them.
selves, so far as the accomplishment oftheir
immediate purposes was concerned. The
whole South was inundated with one foul,
coking deluge of falsehood. The objects,
he principles, the very persons of Republi-
cans were libelcd, day by day, for four long
months. Men who had set in congress with
the Republican candidate for Vice President
as fellow-Democrats, and who therefore knew
the falsity of what they said, inflamed the
worst passions of‘ the southern mob by the
assertion that Mr. Hamlin was a mulatto.—
“The poison of asps was under their lips;
their tongues would sct'on fire the course of
nature, and were themselves set on fire of
hell.” The loyal men of the South who per-
ceived the tendency of events stood aghast at
what was occuring around them. They
could not deny these aspersious without be-
ing denounced as the apologists of ablitition.
The ignorant populace wondered, believed,
were inflamed, and thus made fit for the aé-
signs of the conspirators. The election took
place, and resulted as everybody knew it
must do. Forthwith “the revolution was
precipitated.” While the minds pt men were
thus heated by passion engendered by mis-
representation, the issue was forced upon
them in the seceding States, with no time al-
lowed for reflection and with an indecent
hastedhat demonstrates both the insincerity
and the incapacity of the managers. ' -:.
What, now, are the objects of those who
have led this movement to its present condi-
tion? I answer: in part, the complete over-
throw oi democratic institutions, and the es-
tablishmcnt of an aristocratic, or even mon—
archical government. The disciples of the
Calhoun school have learned to distrust the
people, to hate universal suffrage, and to bc-
lievc in aristocracy. Among the leaders of
disunion may be found the victims of disap-
pointed ambition, who, iu the reconstruction
of society, seeks opportunities of pchonal ad-
vancement; the bold and reckless, who look
forward to scenes of adventure; the broken
in fortune, who see the avenues to wealth
opening to them; wild theorists. who fancy
that their schemes will be realized; and mar-
tial spirits, who long for conquest and mili-
tary glory. Behind all thcsc,stands the mob
just beginning to be conscious of its’strcugth
and ready for any desperate enterprise.—
Loyal citizens are silenced by fear. Men of
property either join the ranks of the insur-
gents, in hope of saving something from the
wreck, or stand despairingly aloof, hopeless
of the future. Lct but the. ties which bind
the States to the Federal Government be
broken, and the leaders of the rebellion see
glittering before them the prizes of a slave-
holding empire, which, grasping Cuba with
with one hand, and Mexico with the other,
shall distribute tiles, fame, and fortune, to
the foremost in the strife.
Such, in my opinion, is the )real .origin of
the present revolt, and such are the motives
which inspire its leaders. I do not say that
all who are participating in the rebellion
share these feelings. Thousands of honest
men have been deceived by the promoters
of revolution, and verily think that they are
striking for endangered rights. And what
is the-result to which all this tends? The
first thing which it proposes to accomplish
is the dismembcrmcnt of the LRepublic; and
this it claims the right to do, Without the
consent of the Federal government or of the
loyal Staics,but as an exercise of the plain
constitutional powers of the disloyal States.
The advocates of this dogma would hide .the
guilt of rebellion, and the blood and tears of
lpublican party had, from the beginning been ‘
States. The same fate must be got ready for’
'flame the popular mind up to the pitch of ‘
revolution, under the soft-spoken phraseolo-
gy of‘scccssion. They have dug the rotting
bones of nullification out of its dishonored
grave, and clothing them with the mask and
robes of a false legality, have endeavored to
conceal from the world the gunning skele-
ton within. 1 shall not spend, time in expo-
sing the imposture. The government of the
United States is a delusion, the Union a sham
and the Constitution a sham, if secession be
true. I can add nothing to the reasoning
which has already been brought to bear up-
on it. Daniel W ebster smote it with his
Thor’s hammer agenemtion since; and no
man of'this generation can add to the weight
of that blow. - -
What results may be expected after the
dismemberment of the Republic? The
southern empire will soak to coalesce, and
may for a time succeed; but it will find in
the ambition of rival chiefs, in the conflict of
rival interests, and in the pernicious exam-
ple of successful rebellion, so’urccs of discord
more seriousgthan cvcr prevailed in the old
Union. Without diversity of industry, and
. with labor enslaved, aristocracywill centinue
'to expand until the necessity of armies for
defense, armies for attempted conquest, and
forces to watch the first symptoms of. insuri
.rection, will superinduce a military chpot-‘
ism. The expansion, now so much sought
for, will not be obtained. Neither the Pow-
ers of the old world nor of the new will-pare
mil. Mexico or Cuba to pass ihto the hands
of the empire of the South. The slave trade
will be reopcned, at first clandestinely, at
'last openly. Taxation will fall with crush-
ing weight upon the property interests.—
Thousands will fly from a' country given
over to destruction, to regions where liberty
and social order will still prevail. The pre-
ponderance of the black over the white race
will begin and will increase with fearful ra-
pidity. Iclose my eyes in horror and look
no further, for the far horizon is growing
lurid with the fires of St. Domingo.
Meanwhile, the United States of America.
remains among the f‘bremost of the' nations
of the earth. Still belting the continent
with its vast domain, possessed of an indus~
try the most diversified of that of any people,
retaining agricultural, commercial, manufac-
turing and mining interests unsurpassed by
any in extent and in capacity of develop-
ment, bound together with iron hands by the
great highway cf nations whose termini shall
be the Atlantic and Pacific shores, and occu-
pied by a people as free, as virtuous and hop—
'py as any on the globe—the grandeur of the
Republic will reniain unimpaired by the
madness of those who have rejected its bles-
sings. Over every sea. the stars and stripes
will still wave, not as “the ensign of one of
the little North American Republics,” but as
the flag of the United States, feared for the
power whose symbol it is, honored by a. thou-
sand recollections, endeared by a thousand
associations, and perhaps, not less glorious
in the sight of the civilized world when slave-
ry shall have ceased to recognize that bau-
ncr as 2'13 emblem.
It has been said, incised, that the dismem-
berment which I have been considering is
not the only one that may occr ; and
sundry gentlemen, whose homes are on the
Northward of Mason and Dixon‘s line, but
whose principles would seem to have sprung
from a more congenial southern soil, have
expressed an anxiety to escape from a further
union with __Ncw England. I do not wonder
when such expressions fall from the lips of
any one who, in this ageof the world, and
bred amidfree institutions,lms nevertheless be
come the apologist of slavery. But, sir,
what would this nation be without the influ-
ence which has permeated its whole life ‘3—
Go out from her borders, and follow the par—
allels of latitude westward to the Pacific.—
therevcr along your pathway you find,
mingled in theirjustcst proportions, rcvcr-
cncc for law and love of civil liberty; where-
cvcr you find the highest social order resting
securely upon the broadest democracy;
wherever industry is most prevalent, and
reaps the most ample rewards; wherever
.villages cluster thickest, and churches most
abound, and school houses stand most fre-
quent; wherever Christianity assumes her
purest form, and education most widely dis-
scminated, there, sir, everywhere there, you
behold thefoot-prints of New England. And
at home, among her mountains and along her
valleys, dwell today a people unsurpassed,
in everything that makes a. nation great, by
any people on this earth, Cast by accident
upon a bleak and comparatively" sterile re-
gion, they found themselves confronted by
the hostile elements of nature, and defied
and conquered them. They have turned the
rocky hill sides into smooth pasture fields,
and the desolate swamps into fair meadows.
They have chained the rushing rivers, and
compelled them to drive the machinery of a
thousand nmnufhctories, whose product is
borne by their commerce to the furthest re-
gions of the globe. They have dotted the
land all over with villages, where the hum
never ceases except for the New England
Sabbafh rcst. Their government is the pn-
rest democracy the World ever saw; their
social order is as perfect as any that ever pre-
vailed in human society. From every hill
top you can count the spires of many church-
es; in *very hamlet the school house, free
to all, has its place. The people who dwell
there are quiet, law abiding men, pursuing
their avocaiions in peace, and dreading com-
motion and civil strife. - But the blood of
the old Ironsidcs is in their veins, and in
their minds the memories of Marston Moor
mingles with those of Lexington and Bunk-
cr‘s‘ Hill.- The impulse which lies deepest in
their hearts is not the. miserable fiction mis-
callcd Honor, but the living and eternal vcr:
ity called Duty, at whose call they will, if
need be, lay down the implements of peace,
and walk as calmly up _to the cannon‘s
mouth as they now do to their daily toil.—
Sir, the United States of America cannot af-
ford tolosc New England, and the sons of
New England, scattered all over the broad
_North and West, cannot sundcr the tie
which- biuds them to'thc hearthstonc 'of civ-
il liberty on this western continent.
But I am wandering from my purpose. I
have now considered the avowed reasons
for this revolt, its real origin, the object of
its authors, and the results to which'it tends.
It remains for me to ascertain, if I can, the
most effective methods for its suppression—.-
Grcal. changes in the condition of affairs
have occurred sincé the early sessions of the
Committee. When We first met, 110 State
had‘attcmptcd to withdraw from the Union;
no Federal property had been seized and
rebel cannon fired upon the national flag.—
Six weeks ago we might properly have dis-
cussed alleged grievances; it may now be
appropriate that preliminary measures of a
different character be taken. IfI have cor-
rectly judged of the origin and character of
this sedition, it may well be doubted, Wheth.
er thercis not more need of the intervention
of the judicial and executive department?
to which alone belong the trial and ,piffiish.
ment of crimes—than of the legislative.
But the subject is before Congress and. we
are asked to com promise. And to com-
promise what? Not questions of financial,
commercial or industrial policy, but our con-
victions of moral rectiiude, our love of liber~
ty, our reverence of duty. That is what con-
stitutes the grave character of the issue now
beforc'us. In the matters of revenue, in the
matters of finance, in all matters of mere ex-
pediency, concessions and compromises may
safely enough be made; but I know of only
one rule of civil conduct when moral duties
are necessarily brought into the field of po-
litical action, and that rule is, to do right.—
To engraft upon the Constitution an express
recognition of property inman, and to pledge
the power of this government unalterably
for the preservation'and protection of that
property in the -_ Federal Territories where
slave labor can . be profitably employed,
I would be, in my judgment, a monstrous ini-
'quity, abhorred of God, and deserving the
' execration of the civiliz'prkworld. _
The gentleman from“ 'Nirginia [Mn Min-
ison} rcprobatcs the phrase “property;_ in
:nmn,” and, in the next breath, claims to have
won a victory by the decision in the ‘
Scott case, whose cardinal principle is
recognition of this very‘f‘property in m
I turn to the laws of his own State; I
there that a. slave is a chattel person, ; a
.thing to be sold at auction, to be devired by
will, to descend by inheritance, to be bought
and sold, to be levied upon in execution;
arid I am asked to consent that the Constitu-
tion ofthe United States shall be so changed
—I .will not say amended—as to go on unal-
tcrabl y forever, fostering, nourishing, and .
protecting this system in Territories which,
by the organic law of a Spanish Republic,
were alwqys to be free- Such is the propo-
sition of the venerable ‘ Senator from Ken-
tucky, substantially‘i'ep'roduced in the reso-
lution suggested by the gentleman from Lou-
siana. Sir, I cannot accede to it. The au-
thority of that Senator is of no avail in a
question of this character; and nothing has
occurred since my associationiwith Congress
has fillcdlmc, with such profound regret, as
this last act o'fhis long, useful and honorable
public life: ' , I '
- Why, sir, do gentlemen think that the free-
mcn of the North are all‘knavcs and hypo-
crites, as well as cowards? For six years
have the supporters of Mr. Douglas been "de-
nouncing this idea of protection to slave
property in the territories. Because their
leader deserts them, do you expect that they,
too, will repudiate the principles whichhave,
grown to be a part or tlicirintellectual being?
For six years have the supporters of Mr.
Lincoln been striving to secure those Terri-
tories from the pernicious influences of the
system of bondage. They have been doing
this because they thought it best for the
whole country that such a result should be
attained; best for the Territories, best for
posterity; they have been doing this because
they thought that the extension of slavery
by the national authority would bring down
the vengeance of Heaven upon a guilty land,
because they saw that u hzrcve': the institut'on
was most powerful, civil liberty, whose ele-
ments, as I have before said, are freedom of
speech, freedom of the preSs, and freedom of
elections, could not exist. And in ‘all this
they have been exceedingly in earnest.—
Th cy have won a great victory; they have
elected a President of like political faith with
themselves; and now you gravely ask them
to turn their backs upon all their past pro-
fessions, to renounce the principles by whose
utterance they have obtained power, and to
make themselves a mockery and a hissing to
the whole civilized world, because the de—
featedparty threatens a resort to arms 1—
thn they comply with that request sir, the
time will have come to level down Banker’s
Hill.
The chairman of the select committee of
this House has reported a series of measures.
the first ,of‘ which is a. joint resolution for an
amendment'to the Constitution, of a some-
what different charcctcr. I vvillgread it. as
reported : _
Anr. XII. No amendment of this Constitution
having for its object any interference within the
States with the relation between their citizens and
those described in section second of the first article
of the Constitution as "all other persons,” shall
originate with any State that docs not reco ize
that relation within its own limits. or shall be valid
without the assent of every one of the States com.-
posing the Union.
Is it possible to listen to these words with-
out a. feeling that we are ashamed of what
we are doing ? Observe the circumlocution,
the awkwardness of construction, the invo-
lutions of meaning. , What is it all for? Sir,
it is because you are putting slavery into the
Constitution beyond what the fathers did.—
Did you say that they, too, described bank
dage by a circumlocutionl’ I answer, they
did no such thing. They intended that their
Constitution should contain no Federal -re—
cognition of slavery; and they went direct-
ly to the accomplishment of that purpose by
designating every human being in the land
as affirm)”, "\Vhy put-this piece of patch-
work upou the sober fabric of their construc-
tion ?
I am told that it is only intended to pro—
hibit a future amendment of the Constitu-
tion, having forlits object any interference
with slaveryin the States; and then I am
asked do I wish to interfere with slavery in
the States; or do you wish to amend the _
Constitution so'as accomplish that result ?—
I do not, neither do I intend to establish a
national bank, or initiate direct taxation; but
I cannot see that it follows therefrom that I
should amend the Constitution so as to for-
bid such enactments. Is there no other sub'
iect of concern in this Republic but slavery?
Shall the organic law be liable to change in
its bearing upon the great commercial,manu—
factoring and agricultural interests, upon
matters of peace and war, upon the relations
of Government to the people,; and yet we _
now erect slavery into the one great, 0v?-
shadowing principle, which we purpose to
declare, before God and man, shall be im-
muiable and eternal? Slavery, which the
fathers laid out of sight as an unholy thing, .
wading from its decent concealment, and,
placing it upon the pcdimcnt of the Consti-
iution, take mutual oaths that there it shall
stand forever. _ In doing this we overthrow
confiscated; no Federal forts captured; non
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Norwalk Chronicler