PUBLISHE
NUMB
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ER fit-5N
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. u up» 61' CO4
a... .. ... n 15’“ kid i.
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‘N Date-i.
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sub, S‘JbSOB-iiuwh To t man’s-.363
Wag
Those living "ll“. “ ‘25 v
. 1;”: 5; ,, . ..
oficrmrs h. (if "-Iifaiilfitnm‘ ll
. m
aid is If“ ~’ .. .. . - , "
(‘lilbs oCl‘le-i or mmgnp Cm? as. to h._- 1 :0
paid in arlfnnc"- .4 _ "
Single mph?“ 4 cent . ,
iaavertisiiig area
line nurture. Oil? 11119: 1011. ii 0")
‘ 4 ‘ Ill’On‘lSifl‘. ..ns, t ‘25
three insertions. 1 so
one month, , t '15-
two months. ' no
three‘monthe, 4 00
six months, 1: no
" ,4 one ye r—with] , 1:”. 00
Two 8 uures, one "ear-Wilmer. ~:.'-. on
{Loch a dit-ional Square, petl -, :3 00
One half column, one your, 40 on
One Columngonc year, 7:. or)
Fitteen'llnes, or 100 wordsn
. 51 parts of a square char-g
Vearly advertisers'havc tt
their advertisements onc
ments chanced oftencr ch
{early advertisements pays
1 early advertisermrestricte
plated at the time of com
Cards, Resolutions, Funcra
trees, 25 per cent. addilio
W These terms will be i
asqnarc. Fraction-
r as a whole.
‘ivilege of changing
rmonth. Advertise
(1 as transient.
st of January A” July.
the business contem-
lall othchpct‘inlNo—
n the above.
ibly adhered 10.".5‘5‘3
BUSINESS
\.\-4\; ‘i \‘V’ I
NQ'RWAL
nus I
norm...
(LATELY TEE .Is EDITH-2,)
ED‘WIN :34 .K. Pnoruiuron,
LEASE of thi: ll~kuowu and popu-
, lar House hav been purchased of
Mr. Allis, will be co had, as heretofore, as
a first class provin 0
king or expense c:
this in all respects 181;
is a beautiful rural. at.
tel. No pains la-
sparcd to render
and genteel, as it
Permanent and
transient guests acc odated up‘on reason-
able terms.
W Agood Live table connected \i‘iill
the Hotel;
DEN
D R.
AJH
TR
ILL,
S UR GICAL rill” E CFA NICK/1L
D E N
Office over the St
NORWA,
of
T 1
Si
1.
O. .I Gi’uniau,
COIN.
jAMES G.
SURGICAL
I: E N
Office at Residence, It
1
amount,—
AEPIECHE‘IICAL
1'18 T,
Aveue, Norwalk,
f . Conn icut. ~
Archilctun.
SIDNEY i.
I ‘ .xncqscr,
.ecifidions, Detail
nd to erection of
wui furnish Plans,
Drawings, and super
crown,
public and private bu gs. Dflice in Mar-
ble Block, Chapel-st,
.- Hren, Ct.
T152
was. run?
ENGINEER
E0. F. BElfiDr
ufacturer of
.‘op cr,
incur,
smvavca,
Officlfiat Chichestr—r‘ . c
N trvz'alk, Conn.
I rwf, Conu.,Man~
l
and Sheet
Iron Ware; and dcr u :tovcs, Ranges,
Furnaces, Cutlery, it
Willow Ware, Cro
ment of House Kc
’1'
or
Gq.
mil, IToodcn and
and a full assort-
rticiles generally.
V”? E. BISSEL
_o particular an
tion, of Real EstalPe
Household Furniti : t
ttlonccr, will give
to sales by Auc-
al Property and
slow.
wu'cgfis
Esteel Cutlery, , s,
meuts, Oils; Pal
G. S. is
"asliioualile
GENTLFM
No. 3 Skiddy‘s a
6. 3. If
Dcalerin cigu
DRY GOO
.larriugm’l‘rim
'l‘rimifiiug
or Pa. gc.
Shirl rs, .l cans,
3
At the l
, Gilli
rigs, Clot}
Suti’i’i‘é‘hfs‘;' "Filings, m
)y the ‘r'a.
est poisiblc
if. It! ,
and mcstic
- nuns,
:‘ .1 :~‘.-=.ixucrcs,
rl1 .
No 1.x, (form.
s. n. oiisrna 4
1d Retail D: a in
‘lour, P, 87.0.,
Wholcaalr
Groceries,
Li and 16 Tin—st,
00.,
Norwa ouu.
Wholesa and E
S T
5V
andllanufacturcr
A Q -,
etailDe in
. 2.3 ‘I
Tiufihoet and Com) are,
Ha»: coiislaullnu hand a la assort=
mcnt. of geral House cping
it‘urniturnt South N . ll4;,
Conn. '
rerun iupaarica 0 our,
(‘5 Hart-ford,
IllCC-l'pofidfidl 1819, Charter 1 tual.
cash Capital Si 0.000
Insure. Mini-a2 lo-zs and duniag , Fire,
on 'i‘ev’m‘s 1 spied lo the has and
cocci-ta: Will) the ln'. 'll‘
mnpcimotion_
GEORGE IL “VI.“b, Sole 41g
1v34 For Norwalk a ciuity.
Nor 1k Desi; 081
(AILS cmsvz.
West 7.30 A. ——2.30 P. In.
East 8.20 A. I 5 00 P. M
Daubury dis I walk Railroad SM ‘
Weston, Red g and
alarm
no... 9.10 A.
has a an A. '
Daubuiy .c
Bedding u .9; :u.
mm.
.»—5.55 P. 3.1.
~-3.20 P. I].
rivnlk Railroad 7.5:? l.
m r ONECE nouns-2.
“”1“ 74w» :l r m 9. o P. M.
I. W. flair .n
£5455”- -... . —-.——-—--—7-:-.- ‘ v“-
E'itting _ c.
lNllS "ill FD.
“nlicr i-a prepared 10 i d all
: 3M— Hing linc, an i also
[#1111 ig'zuiim :'
-.' ; .. ,4 '.-\ U" IITl ~l
Llubhm \. n.4,
r Sit-wing o rMa-
. R.
gill (fatality illuminant,
Ew SERIES.
41—
AT Two DOLLARS PER ANNUM, 11V ADVANC
moral to distal Elicia
tutti @lIlBrwl
gatimlturv, flotsam, Manhatambmd in on
3..
; THE office of C. F. IlIoc-llcr": Dvciue E“.-
. tablinhmenthasbccu '
f.’ I? [If 0 l“ 1'7 4’7
from Mr. John F. Bennett“, 1;. Eniniu“;':‘
Bakery, Main-st, where hr will b:- Pli'll'l ‘0
scc all his. old customer: as u‘cll :i‘l mauv
ucw one". . s will favorhim with a call.
South Norwalk, Chaall. Ficunctr; Winni-
paulz, .Tos. f‘. liandlc.
Gutter Percha it Endia Rubber
CEMENT RQQPENC.
r’ WHIS urticlc has been thoroughly tcsted by
builders, Architects, and others, and the
cxpcricncc of years has proved it to be the
cl‘neapt‘st and most durable roofing in use.
We call attention to the following facts :
lst—It is fire and water proof.
filth—From its great. elasticity ii. is. not inju-
riously affected by extrcmcs of heat and cold.
301*“ is adapted to all kinds. of Roofs,
whether steep or flat, and is not in want of
constant repairs, as is the case with metal and
other roofs.
lth—Jl‘hc cost is (me about ()uc-llnll‘ that
of Tin, and it is twice as durable.
It. is readily applied to Old Shingle Roofs,
without. removing the shingles, which is a
grout dcsidcratum to parties who do not 'wish
to risk having theirccilinga and furniture ru-
ined, while repairs are being madc.
I .caky Tin and Metal Roofs are readily rc-
paircd with Gutta Percha Cement, and
prevented from further corrosimi and leaking
thcrcby insuring a'pcrfcctly watertight roof
for many years.
Specimens of the Bcofiug can be soon by
calling on the subscriber, at South Norwalk.
All order-shy letter will rcceivc prompt at-
tcmion.‘- D. 17‘. HU N T, South Norwalk.
ENSWRAN GE.
FEVER subscriber having taken the agency
. . of the New England hike and [Marine In-
surance Co. of Hartford, is prepared to insure
all kinds of property against loss or damage
by firc, on as accommodating terms as any
other Company.
The New England Fire and. Marine Insu—
raucc Company has been recently established
with a paid in capital of tilt-100,000 and has a
surplus of $6,295.00.
JOSEPH ’W. HUBBELL,
Agent- for Norwalk and vicinity.
Norwalk, Feb. 1st, 1850. tf5
$5mAMERICAITTI-n
ahfi'I‘IE'IGIAE TEETH CO,
ENTISTS, 384 Bowery, opposite jib at,
New York; 15 St. John st 1‘5 cw Haven;
168 Main st, Bridgeport, cor of Union; West
ave. corner of Love Lane, Norwalk. Artifi-
cial teeth of the very best manufacture, full
sets for $5, $.19, $15, $20. Single teeth 50
cents. Atificial bone filling put in while soft
without pressure or pain—it hardcns the same
color as the tooth, adheres firmly to it, restor-
ing even old shells to comfort- aud usefulness.
Boston, Philadelphia. and Albany, seclocal
papers. This is a company of practical deut-
ists combined for the purpose of uniting large
facilities for manufacturing artificial teeth on
a large scale, in every variety, which they are
thereby enabled to furnish directly to the
wearer at about one half the usual prices.
W Norwalk Ofiicc open every ll‘nday.
E. QUINTABD 5L SONS,
Cabinet Makers .-.
A! their Old Established Wore Rooms,
East Side the Bridge, ‘
OPPOSITE PHLENIX EL 0 0K.
AV E now on hand the largest and best
assortment of Cabinet Fiu‘niture,Chairs,
Looking Glasses, Mattresses, etc, ever offered
for sale in this place, which we have just pur-
chased for cash, at extremely low prices, and
intend to sell accordingly. .
We also keep constantly on hand, fcaclg/
Made Coffins of all sizes and descriptions, from
the most costly Rosewood to the plaiuest ever
used. . _
From our long experience in the Undefin-
king Business, we are confident we can give
perfect satisfaction to all who may need 03,1:
services. or
Groceries Cheaper than ever
I‘ O R G A S H !
HE subscriber would inform the public
. generally, that he still continues to sell
the best of Groceries, Provisions, etc, at. his
old stand, No. 4 Skiddy’s Block, as cheap as
the cheapest. He offers great inducements
to cash buyers, as he has (1:; large an assort-
ment of groceries of the best qualities as can
be found at any store in the country. He
would invite the special attention of all to his
stock of _ . .
COFFEES, TEAS AND SlyGARS, '
which are of the very best quality, and Will
be sold cheap. The public are invited to call
and examine and judge for themselves.
A. MOREHOUSE.
COAZ 1 GOAL 1
‘l FORGE H. HANDLE hasbccu recei-
G— vinc‘ direct from the mines, and is
now prepared to offer at the lowest markct
rates, the following kinds of coal, from his
Coal Yard, east side thc bridge, v17 :
Spring Mountain. Lelu'g/z,
Sugar Loaf do. _
Mammoth Vein ( White 413/.)
Locust Mountain do.
Scranton (to.
Council Ridge, (Pink Ash)
Laurence ( Red Ash .l
Trei‘orton Saul—An{hr-(mite.
Mr. O. H. Benedict, long and favorably
known in the Coal Trade, will be always on
hand to scrve the public. A share of the
public patronage is solicited.
I“ I? E. N E 'I’ 'E!‘ 33%. E l
, HE subscriber is now prepared to offer to
_ the public, at his old stand, as good an
assortment of
Cabinet Furniture
as can be found in Fairflcld County, and at
lower prices, FOB 0218117, than the same
quality of goods can be obtained at any other
Establishment. ,
The stock consists in part. of
Marble Top, Extension, Dining, Cay-,1, and
Quartctte Tables; Bookcases, Bureaus,
ilofas, Tete-a-tete Lounges; Mohair.
any and Cane scat Chairs ; Gilt
find Mahogany Frame L ool: -
mg Glasses, 6:0, .i‘c.
(YOFFLV iii/IREBO 0311‘." ,~
where may be found a full assortment, of Cof-
fins, which will finished in the best possible
manner, and at short notice. - _ _
$7 A. hearse will be furnished when de-
sired A. RENOUD.
Ilrestport, May Ist, 1858.
_ ”HOME AGAIN .r~
Returned to Norwaih.
I J1EE subscriber takes pleasure in notifying
- the public in general, and his old custom-
ers in particular, that he has rc-purqhased his
former business, and is as ready as ever to
serve them in every department. of SADDLE
AN D HARNESS MAKING.
Thankful for the liberal patronage hereto—
fore extended him while a resident of Nor-
walk—-he hopes by renewed cll‘ort-i to please
wto merit. a continuance of the name.
Remember our motto, Bettcr than the heat,
and cheaper than. the. cheapest: at the old stand
—-cast end of Connecticut Hotel.
3?. STEPHEN SWANN.
E‘ancv Goods, die.“
, tinc assortment. of Fancy Chaotic, Pocket
I. Cutlery, and a new lot of llodgcr's Scis-
sors, just received and warranted to be a first
rate article. Clocks of all kinds. life have
also the agency of Merrill’s Oriental Pomade,
something new, and needs only to_-be tried to
be appreciated. A. JACKUOI‘l d: BRO:
y, At. the Oldfimd/ inlMain/Stxeet.
S ...... ....
Paper Hangings,
And Window Shades,
(UGO RC l'l MARVIN, Main-rd.
Pure Domestic Wines.
HE subscriber has always on hand, of
_ his own mauulhcturc, Grape and L‘nr-
aut Wines, from 3 to 5 years old, price $1.50
per gallon. Also, Cider Vinegar—~14 cts. per
gallon, all are warranted pure, and equal to
any in market.
Address; l". R filIDDLEBlIOOK,
Ho: 4‘33 ii‘idgcport.
@“iiclbr to l.. l’. Alli"- or the Editor of
Gazette. :33
_ Simmering;
Marble Works,
No. 1155, Broadway,
(lirm’r 07127171 S/i‘ec'l, J‘fiun Tor/x.
HE undersigned has purchased the above
,. extensive and well known Establish-
ment, l‘onucrly owncd by Mr. J. \V. Bowdcu,
and having had 90 years experience in the
MARBLE llcsrxxss, he flutters hhmclt‘he can
give ample satisfaction to all who may favor
him wit 11 their patronage.
Constantly on hand a large assortment of
Plain. and Sculpture-d Mantle Pieces, Monu—
ments and‘IIead Stones, of Foreign and Do-
mestic Marble. Pluinbcrs‘ Slabs, and Cabi-
nct Work neatly exccutcd. All orders
promptly attended to. ED. PRICE. 1y30
A. JHCKSON 6L BRO.
‘KTOULD respectfully announce to the
‘ ' public and their old customers, that
they have recently made extensive additions
to their stock of goods. ’Wc are now prepar-
ed to offer an assortment not to be surpassed
in Fairfield County, in quality or price. We
would call particular attention to our stock of
Watches, which is larger than ever before.—
We have a fine lot of Ladics’ Swiss Watches,
in gold cases, at prices varying from $20 to
$75, which we can recommend as beinw cor-
rect time keepers. Also, Gentlcmcu’s Winch-
es, in silver and gold cases, at any price from
85 to $100. We buy of the best importers in
New York, and altogether for cash, so that
our facilities for selling cheap could not be
arcatcr. Our stock of Jewelry, Silver and
I’latcd \Tares was never better than at pres-
ent. and comprises all of the latest styles that
are inanufiicturcd. A. JACKSON & BRO.
Wagon and Carriage
BUILDle-i AND ItEf-‘AlRING,
N New Canaan, at the old stand of the
subscriber. Every description of Wagons
made to order, and ten percent. cheaper than
any other shop in the county. All kinds of
Farm produce, and Oak, Ash, and Hickory
Plank taken in exchange for work.
tf329 ' E. L. ARNOLD.
,,_ _ Mr. J. Eessron,
"-— ;-- Professorchusm
.’ Is now prepared to re-
new his course of instruc-
tion to all those who may desire his services.
Instructions given on the Piano Forte, Organ
or Melodcon.
Pianos tuned and repaired. All orders left.
at his residence, Main-st, and store of A. II.
Camp, No. 17 Main-SL, Norwalk, will be
promptly attended to. 1y32
'House ‘8:- Sign Painting,
GILDING, GLAZING, &c.. 810.,
SOUTH NORWALK. ‘
HE subscriber will execute all orders in
Plain or Ornamental Painting in the
most satisfactmy manner, and at. reasonable
prices.
Also, For Sale, his present residence (with
his business if desired), comprising a house
nearly new, with garden, trees, shrubbery,
&c., and ashop thereon. Terms easy. Ap-
ply on the premises, opposite Quiuiard J:
Smith‘s Carriage Factory, to
GEORGE IIODGES.
1y19
J.N.L’00KWO0D&GO,
West Side of the Bridge,
LYNES’ N EVV BLOCK,
1 ER? constantly on hand, a large and
varied assortment of Ladies‘, Gents’,aml
Children’s
GAITERS, BOOTS, SHOES, «fro,
all made undercur own personal supervis-
iou, ofthc best material, and in the most.
workmaulikeqnauner. Our assortment of
Ladles’ Gaiters undoubtedly comprises—both
in extent and quality—a finer assortment than
can be found at. any similar establishment in
the County. In Gent’s Boots, Gaiters, Shoes,
etc, we have a larger and better assortment,
we are confident, than was ever before offer-
ed in Norwalk. We are prepared to manu-
facture, to measure any article 2'22 om- h’nacmd
at the shortest matrix.
Misses’ and Children’s Shoes, Rubbers, etc,
in endless variety. A fine article of Slippers
for chts’ wear.
REPAIRING—in all its branches—done
neatly, quickly, and cheaply.
May 'i'th, 1800.
House Painting,
GLAZII‘IG, GRAINING, GILDII'G, ETC-
C. C. BROTHERTON
ES prepared to execute all orders in the
above line of business with neatncss and
dispatch. All orders for
PAPER H Anti—1N6,
will be executed in the best manner, by an
aperz‘enced workman.
Orders left at the Store off}. Va. Chi'chcater,
or at the subscriber‘s residence, on Mcr~
win Street, will meet with prompt attention.
0. C. BROTHERTON.
General Blacksmrt hing.
CARRIAGE MAKING cf‘ REPAIRNG;
And Horse Shosfng Exchange.
HE subscribers have made arrangements
for carrying on a general Blacksmithing,
Carriage Making and Repairing; and also,
for the Shoeiug of Horses, in which depart-
ment, we have the services of a man thor-
oughly competent and experienced, whom
we will warrant not to be surpassed in this
line of his vocation. A share of the public
patronage is respectfully solicited.
E. M. MERRITT «S: 00.
E. M. Munmrr. G. W. Manurrr.
“later-sh, Norwalk, Conn.
Whitney’s
Photographic and Fine Art
GALLERY,
Nonwamr, CONN.
‘ ATE II. B. Tuonrsox’s E T. Whitney
would inform the citizens of Norwalk
that he has established himself in the Gazette
Building, and will furnish them with Photo-
graps, Ambrotypcs, and all kinds of Pictures
mkcn by the sun, from Miniatures, to life
size; colored or plain; in the highest style
of the art. E. T. WH TNE}.
I). B. Wooucunv, Operator 1929
MOR.R.IS’S
VEGETABLE GOLDEN OINTMEN T.
BY the gross, 6.03., or single Box.
At 0. S. CLARK’S,
, No. 1, Gazette Building.
is, (initial goddamn, Quantum, goblin,
NORIYALK, CONN ., TUESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1860.
_ ...... .... ...-—
VOLUME XLIII-=N UMBER 40.
._. .4“...
%
octrg.
Hoar: is...
Am :—“0hi Uncle Ned."
O. ihcrc was a young farmer, and his name was
Honest Abe,
Elot verylong—long ago :——
And he worked upon thr- soil, making two blades of
grass. ,
In the place whore one used to grow.
And he chopped down trees and be split ‘cm into
rails,
Not very long ago—long ago :
And his neighbors they said, “that’s a very honest
man ;“
And the people all said. “that so”—<
A nd he laid down the shovel and the hoc-o-o—
And he took up the law books, 0 ;
And he worked all day, and he studied all night,
Not. very long ago—long ago.—
Aud timc rolled around, as it’s doing all the while, ,
And Abe kept laboring away,
Till he had a nice farm and a big sholfofbonks.
And the clients kept coming every day—
Aud before the gray hairs had gathered on his head
To Congress he was ecnt,
And there wasn't any man, so the people all said,
More lit to be made President.
For he laid down the shovel and the hoc-o-o—
And he took up the law-books 0 ;
And it :had many brains in the top of his head,
In th ,plnce whore the brains alight to grow.
y
So the] (topic of the nation got together out West.
Chicago was the name ofthc place,
To nominate the man—the fittest, and the host.
To run in the Presidential race ;
And they looked all around,and selected Honest Abe,
And not a single man said no :
And the time when we had such an honest President,
Was very long ago—long ago.—
And he‘ll lay down the shovel and we ho-o-o—
And he‘ll take up the Government, 0 ;
And the time when we had such an hottest Presi-
dent
Was very—cecal long ago.
G) O
agrarrllaug.
From Appleton’s Am. Cyclopedia.
A Chapter on Fairs.
FAIR, a meeting held at. stated times
and places for purposes of trade. Such
meetings on a small scale or in small
country tou’ns come more appropriately
under the category of markets, while the
term fair generally implies a. com-
mercial gathering of greater magni-
tude, although it is sometimes applied
to assemblies for other purposes.—
Thus we heir of agricultural fairs, where
the cattle and the agricultural produce of
the district are exhibited by iarmers and
dealers; or of charity and fancy fairs
held for benevolent or social purposes.—
Fnirs for commercial purposes have been
held under different names in all times and
in all countries, and are probably coeval
with commerce itself, since, especially be-
fore the cro of railways and steamboats,
some rallying point. of the kind was re-
quired for the general interchange of
commodities. Such commercial gath'
eriugs were known inmost of the
states of antiquity, especially in the
provinces of Rome. The French
chronic-lets attribute the legal institution
of their fairs or foires (Lat.forum) to
the times. of King Dogobert, although
they doubtless existed long before. Fairs
were then as not now solely devoted to
trade, but were also calculated to pro-
mote social eujoymeut. Fairs were estab-
lish inFlauders toward the close of thelOth
century. The priory and hospital of St.
Bartholomew’s in Smithfield, London,
founded at the beginning of the 12th cen-
tury, had the privilege of holding a fair
off} days, which became of great impor-
tance. It. was no mere gathering of tum-
blers and mountebanks, although such
might be found with the idler-s crowding
around them, but a great assemblage of
the business community of the kingdom.
The long rows of booths stretched out on
the level greensward displayed the bean-
tiful silk fabrics aud embroideries of the
middle ages, and the delicate filigree
work of the London goldamiths, with
merchandise of a more common descrip-
tion. With the rapid growth of London
the fair increased in celebrity during the
latter part of the L2th century and the
whole of the 13th, when many foreigners
(probably Flemiugs) swelled the number
of visitors. The principal articles of
trade were wool and woolen goods, but
the transactions in other articles were
also of considerableimportance. During
the. 15th century the fair, though declin-
ing, continued to have a considerable at-
tendance ; but by the close of Elizabeth’s
reign it had become little more than a re-
sort for pleasure seekers. In the follow-
ing reign it was a mere riotous gathering
frequented by the refuse of London and
its suburbs. Toward the close of the
17th century a merry-andrew showed his
contempt of the solvency of the govern-
ment by pretending to sings a pig with
exchcquer notes and roast. it will: the tul-
lics. Sir Robert Walpole is said to have
visited the fair to study the drift of pop-
ular feeling; and nothing could throw
more light on the state of public opinion
than a collection of ballads sung there,
and a. list of the puppet. shows. During
the 18th century the fair was one of the
lions of London, and was a scene for the
display of popular political feeling, as it
had already been‘ in the times of Eliza.-
beth, when the trained monkey would
leap over his chain at the mention of the
Queen’s name, but. gibber and sit still at
that of Philip of Spain. Charles James
Fox in his blue coat and buff Waistcoat
become». great favorite with the crowds
at the fair. It. displayed its sympathy
with the French revolution in 1792, but.
with the manifestation on occasion of the
the trial of Queen Caroline (1820) the
popularity of the fair came to an end.—--
It was revived to some extent on the
accession of Queen Victoria, but in 1838
allits shows were. prohibited,- and accord.
ingly all the giants, dwarfs, real live ser-
. pests, whirliglgs, swings, rope-dancers,
.- -.. .3 . ._-_.. I .,,._--_-.._......._...-_——
i fire-eaters, coojurers, and wild beasts have
long since disappeared, and nothing now
remains of the once famous fair buta few
stalls for the sale of gingerbread. (See
“ Memoirs of Bartholomew Fair,” by
Henry Morley, London, 1859.) Fairs,
however, are still flourishing in England
to some extent, but they are chiefly agri-
cultural. A fair is held at Woyhill, in
Hampshire, Oct. 10, of every year, where
there is a greater show of sheep than at
any other fair in Great Britain. At the
August fair at Ipswich more than 100,
000 lambs are annually sold. At the
same place a great butter and cheese fair;
is held in September. The greatest horse
fair in England is that annually held in
August at Horncastle, in Lincolnshire.—-
Several thousand horses are exhibited
here, and dealers and amateurs resort
hither from all parts of Britain and the
Continent, and of late from the United
States. Yorkshire has also an important
horse fair particularly for Yorkshire hun-
ters. Suffolk horses are exhibited at the
celcberted Woodbridge Lady-day fair.—
Bristol, Exeter and many other English
eities,towns and hamlets, have their fairs.
A great cheese fair is held in April at
Gloucester. The October gathering at
St. Faith’s near Norwich is the principal
English fair for Scotch cattle. Fairs
were held at Greenwich at Easter and
Whitsunside,which attracted large crowds
of visitors from London to partake in the
many amusements that were to be found
there, also to enjoy the fresh air and the
fine scenery from the park and its neigh-
borhood; but Greenwich fair was sup
pressed in 1857 by the police, it having
become the resort of vile and dissolute
persons and the inhabitants having com-
Dlaiued of it as a nuisance. Walworth,
Camberwell, and Peckham fairs have
also been suppressed within a few years.
The most important mart in Scotland for
cattle and sheep is Falkirk foigor tryst.
The largest fair in Ireland for the .sale of
cattle and sheep is held from October 5
to 9 annually at Balliuasloe, in the coun-
ties of Galway and Roscommon. About
12,000 head of cattle and 90,000 sheep,
the largest proportion of which are raised
in Couuaught, are annually brought to
this fair. In France, the fair of Coca is
still celebrated for its trade in linen and
carriage horses. At Alencon there is an
annual fair for the exhibition and sale of
saddle horses. The fair of Guibray is
held annually in August in a. suburb of
that name in the town of Falsiso, and
was founded in the 11th century by Rob-
ert. duke of Normandy. The average
transactions amount to from $3,000,000,
to $4,000,000. About $300,000 of this
amount is in goods manufactured at Rou-
en, and in hides and leather, and the rest
in other French commodities. A large
horse fair is also held at Guibroy, where
the value of the animals disposed of fre-
quently exceeds $300,000. But Beau-
-caire in the south is the most important
fair in France. It begins on July 1 and
egds on J uly 28, the bulk of the business
being done‘ during the last. week. Al-
though decreasing in importance, it. is
still visited by 100,000 merchants from
all parts of Europe, Barbary and the
Levant, and every Kind of merchandise is
to be found here, from, the most brilliant
Indian cashmere to the commonest piece of
cloth. Most conspicuous among the va-
rious representatives of French industry
are the cloth manufacturers of Elbenfiand
the silk, irbbon, and lace manufacturers of
Lyons, St. Etienne, Avigon, N ismes, and
Paris. Guadeloupe, Martinique, and
Algiers are also represented, and the
French trade in sugar, coffee, indigo,
Spices, &c., finds here an important outlet.
The fair held in the middle of September
in the park of St. Cloud is as numerously
attended by the inhabitants of Paris as
as was that of Greenwich by the
Londoners. The fair abOunds with crock-
ery—rafiliug booths, gingerbread stalls,
weighing machines with the inscription:
Ava'nt ét apres diner cog/ans combien nails
1225072, and with other shows. Conspicu-
ous among the fair of 1858 was “ the tu-
kiug of the Malakofi,” and among the
visitors were many Zouaves with their
shaved heads, baggy brooches, and yellow
gaiters. The annual fairs in Amsterdam
Rotterdam, and other cities of Holland,
are scenes of great popular rcjoicings.—
For several days and nights the streets
are paraded by joyous crowds,.and the
usual sobriety of the Dutch yields on this
occasion to the most boisterous and up-
rourious demonstrations of joviolty.—-
Theatres and shows of all kinds form the
staple amusements, and among the many
refreshments sold there most peculiar to
Holland are wafer-cakes, a. sort of thin
cake baked in an iron mould, of which
the consumption is enormous. The prin-
cipal fair of Italy is that. of Sinigaglia, iu
the Papal States, which is annually held
in July and August, and attended by tro-
dera from all parts of central and north-
ern Europe, North Africa, and the Le-
vant. Among the various products of
Italian industry which change hands here,
silk is most important. Fairs of less con-
sequence are held in other ports of Italy,
as well as in Spain and Portugal. The
most famous. fair of Madrid is annually
held on May 15, at the hermitage of San
Isidro del Compo, when the grand pil-
grimage and festival of San Isidro draws
thither crowds of the population. The
great Hungarian fairs oré held chiefly at
Pesth. Four times during the year, in
____....___ ‘-._._-
industrial products ofHungaryarc brought :
here for Snlc Scarcely less important
for the traveler and observer of national
customs. are the fairs of Debrceziof 'l‘he
fairs of the greatest Eu'cpcau impor-
tance, however, are those of Germany.—
They originated there as, in many other
countries, through religious festivals,
which called a large concourse of people
together. Hence fairs were called Kirch-
messen, church fairs,.the German word
Messe (fair) be-ng derived from mass—-
There are 4 towns in Germnuywhose fairs
enjoy a great reputation, although many
fairs are held elsewhere. The most
prominent fairs are those of Leipsic,
Frankfort on the Main, Frankfort on the
Oder, and Brunswick. The Leipsic fairs
date from the 15th century, and are the
most. celebrated. They are held 3 times
annually, at New Year's, Easter, and the
Feast of St. Michael. The New Year’s
fair is comparatively unimportant. The
Easter fair is celebrated for the book
trade which centres in Leipsic, and the
value of the books which change hands
here frequently exceeds$6,000,000. The
total value of the goods exchanged is es-
timated at $50,000,000 ; The number of
visitors at 60,000. PcOple from all parts
of the world congregate here, and many
Orientals may be seen in their natixe cos-
tume. Iu central Russia, 205 m. E. N.
E. of Moscow, the world-famed fair of
Nijni-Novgorod is annually held for 8
weeks, beginning July 1. The fair was
formerly held at. Nacariev, but in 1816,
when that town was destroyed by a. fire,
it was removed to l‘ijni-Novgorod. It
is visited by from 300,000 to 400,000
dealers. There are more than 3,000 dis-
tinct stalls for the sale of goods. These
stalls are laid out in regular quarters, a
particular quarter being allotted to every
special class of Merchandise. In one
silks are on sale, in another ten, in anoth-
er furs. One of the most imposing quar-
ters is that where the Siberian iron is
heaped up in pouderous piles. The ves-
sels engaged taking in and out. cargoes
are so numerous, that, the waters of the
Oko and the Volga rivers, at the conflu.
ence of which the town is situated, are
literally covered by the mass of shipping.
The total value of the goods brought to
the fair amounts on an average to $50,
000,000. At the fair there of 1858,
one-tenth more goods were brought than
in 1857, and not more than one-four-
teenth remained unsold. The total value
amounted to 95,000,000 rubles, of which
69,000,000 were in Russian produce,10,.
000,000 in European and colonial, and
the remainder in produce from China.
Persia, and other parts of Asia. In Si-
beria, on annual fair is held in Kiakhta,
near the Chinese frontier, which is the
great emporium of the trade between
Russian furs, cattle, lamb-skins, broad
cloths, coarse linen, bullion, and woolen
goods and iron wares are bartered for
Chinese tea and silks, and other produce
of the Celestial empire. Large caravans
of Russian and Chinese traders meet eve-
ry year in December at this fair, which
has existed since 1827, and has power-
fully contributed to promote the commer-
cial intercourse between the two nations.
There are also many small fan's held on
the borders of China. and Siberia where
the Chinese barter tea, silks, and a few
other articles for some of the valuable
furs of the Cossacks. Mr. Atkinson, the
Siberian traveler, was present at. one of
these fairs, and speaks of the intense
gravity with which the little hands of
traders assuubled in these wild and deso-
late regions enter upon their mercantile
transactions. There are many other fair
in Russia. The total value of goods
brought to all Russian fairs in 1854 was
estimated at $150,000,000, and the value
of goods sold was 100,000,000 The
chief fairs of Turkey are those of Yeuidge
Vardar, and Serves, the former commenc-
ing on Dec. 3 and continuing for about 3
weeks and the latter on March 21, for 3
or 4 weeks; of Okri (May 3,) Varuo
(May 23,) Philippopli (Aug. 27,) and
Eski Agra (Nov. 10,) each of which lasts
a fortnight ; and those of Yatar anari
(Sept 15) and Tshaltodeh (Nov. 6.)
which lasts ten days. Conspicuous among
Ihe various traders assembled there are
the Greeks and Armenians. But the
greatest fair in the East is held at Mecca
during the time of the annual pilgrim-
ages. Although it has declined from its
ancient magnitude the average concourse
of pilgrims and visitors still amounts to
100,000. The. largest Indian fair is held
at the vernal equinox at Hurdwar, in
Sarhuruupoor, u famous resort of North
Hindustan. No fewer than 200,000 to
300,000 persons congregate there every
year, and every 12th year the number of
pilgrims and visitors frequently exeeeds
1,500,000. This fair is the great focus
for the produce of Nepaul, the Punjaub,
Afghanistan, and Bokhara, chiefly con-
sisting of horses, cattle, camels, Persian
dried fruits, spices, drugs, shawls, &C.—
Apart from their great. commercial inter-
est, all these fairs present curious social
and national characteristics. Eastern
lifc unfolds itself nowhere with greater
picturesqueuess than at the fairs held
during the pilgrimages at Mecca. in Are.-
bia. and at Hurdwar in Hindost'au. Nee
where is religion blended so intimately
with commercc’__os during these annual
congregations iii the East, when Brah;
March, May, August. and November, the. j
,4 ders flocking to the great tiangaez.
interminglc in fantastic and lively groups
' of men, women, and children, all decked
out. in the many colors of their national
costumes and presenting the most motley
contrasts of characteristics. So we find
Chinese and Russian life represented with
daguerrcotypic accuracy at the fair of
Kiakhta, in Siberia, while lleni-Novgor-
0d eclipses probably all other fairs in the
picturesque variety of Russian oriental
costumes and habits which it exhibits.—
According to Prescott’s “History of the
Conquest of Mexico,” fairs were held in
the principal cities of ancient Mexico ev-
ery 5th dsy(there having been no shops)
which were thronged by at numerous con-
course of persons. “A particular quar-
ter was allotted to each kind of article.
The transactions were conducted under
the inspection of magistrates appointed
for the purpose. The traffic was carried
on partly barter, and partly by means of
a. regulated currency of different values.
This consisted of transparent quills of
gold dust . of bits of tin, cut. in the form
of a. T ; and of bags of cacao, containing
a. specific number of grains.” Fairs were
regularly held at Azcnpozolco, not far
from the capital, for the sale of slaves.—
The gatherings in the market of Tlascalo.
were a sort of fairs, where pottery which
was considered as equal to the best in
Europe formed one of the principal
articles of trade, and every description of
domestic produce and manufacture was
broughtthere for sale. But the greatest
fair was held in the city of Mexico. The
visitors there were estimated at. from 110,-
000 to $50,000. The city then swarm-
ed with a motley crowd of strangers, the
causewuys were thronged, and the lake
was darkened by canoes filled with tra-
The
most perfect order reigned throughout
the vast assembly. A court of 12 judges
sat in one part of the tianguez clothed
with absolute power, which they exer-
cised with great vigor In Prescott’s
“History of Peru” it stated that the an-
cient Incas instituted fairs for the facilita-
tion of agricultural exchanges. They
took place 3 times a month 111 some of
the most populous places, where, as mou-
ey was unknown, a rude kind of com-
merce was kept up by the barter of pro-
ducts. These fairs afforded so many
holidays for the relaxation of the industri-
ous laborer.——Iu the United States, the
most important fairs are those of the U.
S. national agricultural society, of the
state agricultural societies, of the Frank-
liu institute at Philadelphia Mechanics’
institute at Boston, American institute
at New York, and of various other pub-
lic institutions. These are, however,
merely competitive exhibitions of animals
and industrial products, and have no
commercial character. Au anti-slavery
fair is annually held at Boston, which is
attended by many of the opponents of
the system of slavery ; and fairs for vari-
ous purposes are frequently held in all
parts of too country, at which the great-
est possible variety of articles are brought;
together by donation or by purchase, and
the proceeds of their sale applied to some
specified object.
.<.>..
Carl 801mm on the Declaration of Inde-
pendence.
The most contemptible electioneering
falsehood of the campaign is one about Carl
Schurz, started by a. Loco Foco paper in
Pennsylvania, and copied with approving
comments in the New York Express, Boston
Courier, Hartford Times and other papers of
that class. The falsehood consists in the se-
lection of an extract from one of Carl Schurz’s
speeches, separating it from the context, and
putting it into the mouth of Mr. Schurz, as
expressing his own opinions; whereasit is a
powerful and scathing exposure of what
would be true if Mr. Douglas was correct in
his statement that the Declaration of Inde-
pendence was speaking not for the rights of
man, but only declaring that British subjects
on this continent were equal to British sub-
jects in Great Britain. It is the extreme of
meanness thus to pervert the meaning and
intention of an opponent. In this case there
is no excuse, for the libellers knew they were
lying. Even if they had not the speech be-
fore them, they must have perceived at once
that the extract referred to something else
necessary to be read in councctiori with it to
make the sense complete. The Hartford
Times accompanies its publication of the libel
with a. vindictive assault upon Mr. Schurz,
pretendingto believe the falsehood it propa-
gates, and thou attacking Schurz as "ablack-
guard Prussian,”a"pcripatetic reviler of What-
ever is honorable in principle andcharacter,”a
“vile slandcrcr of all that is good, and holy,
and sound in the memory of your children.”
The paper that says these firings is itself lia-
ble to all the charges it makes against a pure
minded honest statesman, who is thus mean-
ly attacked simply because he is a foreigner,
and because being a foreigner it is desired
to destroy and break down hisinfluence with
those who speak his mother tongue.
N. 112 Courier.
____._..‘.>.
WThe most laughable case of “mistake
of the printer,” is that where there had been
..two articles prepared for the paper, (one con-
fceming a sermon preached by an eminent
divine, and the other about the freaks of a
mad dog,) but unfortunately, the foreman, in
placing them into the form, “mixed” them,
making the following controls/ups .-
“The Rev. James Thompson, Rector of
St. Andrew’s Church, preached to a large
concourse of people on Sunday last. Tlns
was his last sermon. In a few weeks he
will bid farewell to his congregation, as
his physicians advise him to cross the
Atlantic. He exhorted his brethren and
sisters. and alter a. devout prayer, todk
awhim to cut up some frantic freaks. He
ran up Timothy Street to John, and down
Benefit street to College. At. this stage of
the proceedings, a couple of boys seized him,
tied a tin kiltle to his tail, and he :1guinsturt-'
.ed. A great crowd collected, and for a time
there was a grand scene of noise, running and
confusion. After some little trouble, he was
ruins and merchants, devises and'hawkers
shot by a Jersey policeman.”
symbols of faith and quackeries of trade
campaign 1&3?”
WThc Register, which is one of the pa-
pers which published the vile libel upon Carl
Sclmrz‘s patriotism, a complete exposure of
which we published yesterday, not only re~
fraius from willulrawing its falsehood, but
follows it up with another mean attack upon
him, calling him “the viper,” “the Prussian
demagogue,” “this ranting ingrate,” &c. All
its pretended love an d admiration for foreign.
ers is lost and abandoned, and it now not,
only insults him but his country,his country‘
men, and the cause of German liberty, in
which he bore so proud .1 part during the
revolutionary movements of 41848—349. We
do not know how its succrs and insults may
strike the Germans who have been in the
habit of following its political teachings, but
ifthcy are men of honor and intelligence,
they must feel that the abuse of Schulz is
equally applicable and equally insulting to
them, and know that they are not maligned
in the same wretched manner, merely be-
cause thcy have not yet manifested their in-
dependence of the political dictation of its
princes. -
Carl Schurz will be here in three or four
weeks, and then his countrymen and ours
can find out whether he deserves the malic-
ious abuse heaped upon him. We invite the
Democratic readers of the Register to go and
hear him. He will speak for himself: In
the meantime, we ask the Register, as amat-
ter of common justice to give its readers the
context ofthc paragraph it published from
his speech. If it does not do this, it con-
fesscs to the malice that prompted its false-
hood—N. II. COHTZCI'. i
«o .
The Texas Troubles.
We have patiently waited a full development
concerning tthexas outrages, feeling quite
confident that the pro—slavery prints at the
North which have sought to throw odium
upon the anti-slavery sentiment, by chargm‘ 3
them upon nbolitionists, would have to re—
tract; their slandcrs. The event fulfills our
expectations. All the stories of outrages
turn out to be greatly exaggerated. The
story of the large quantities of strychnine in
the hands of the negroes, is without founda-
tion; thcfires prove to have been accidental
and not incendiary; many of the stories of
hanging are false, and now that the excite-
ment has wholly subsided, the people find
out that the abolitionists have had nothing
whatever to do with the outrages.
The following is from 3. Houston corres-
pondent of the N. 0. Delta:
“You were duly informed of the burning
of Dallas and pilier towns of Northern Texas
and of the arrest and execution of several
white men found tampering with the negroes
and sowing the seed of insurrection. Imme-
diately the hue and cry was raised that the
incendiurics were abolition emissaxies, ma-
king a raid into Texas similar to that of John
Brown into Virginia; but within the last
week or so public opinion has been eorrectecl
and 2'5 now grams esz‘ahhlrhcdheyond a doubt that
the latojircmre justly attributable to Murrel—
239m, acting zuzdcr the guise of aboh'tz'om'sm.”
“Murrolism” is a term derived from the
atrocities of one Jim-rel, who figured twenty
or thirty years ago in Tennessee, and the in:
ference is that. a certain number of despera-
does had plotted the destruction of the prop-
erty for the purposes of obtaining plunder.—
Murrcl was a noted laud-pirate, and used to
inveigle negrocs away from their masters,
under pretence of giving them their freedom
and then sell them in another state. Proba-
bly a gang like Murrcl's has been opcmting
in Texas. The N. O. Picayune. of the. 8th
says:
Theiuvcstigalions which have been prose-c
cuted 1n the disturbed districts of Texas have
not developed, with any degree of distinct:
ness, the existence of any other plot for milks-1::
than what a few desperate charactersmithofit'
connection with, or hope of help from any
other quarter, might have formed. Texas,
If?
3.-
like all of our frontier states, has been the
pornt where desperate men have congregated 2
and her whole history is full of violence and -’
outrage inflicted by the foes. of society.” .,
W's also find the following in the Boston“
Journal:
“A gentleman from 'Wcstern Missouri,
whose sources of information are reliable,
informs us that some time before the troub-
lcs in Texas broke out, prominent pro-slave-
ry men in Missouri, members of the famous
“Blue Lodges,” which still continue in exis-
tence, expressed a determination to get up an-
other John Brown. raid in the South, to influ-
ence (hePrcsz'dcnlz'al election, although by so
doing they would be compelled to sacrifice
some of their own friends. Texas furnishes
an excellent field for such an unscrupulous
project, being in a distant portion of the coun-
try. while the facilities for transmitting in-
telligence are very limited, and false reports
may be circulated a long time before their
falsity is exposed. This was fully demon-
strated in the fabulous reports concerning
the operations of the Mexican marauder,Cor-
tinas, in and near Matamora.
«10>.
Try It.
The Chicago Press and Tribune, replying
to the remark that Douglas can get up large
meetings in Illinois, says:
“We repeat, lct Mr. Douglas come! Let
us see whether his presence will induce 500
men in Champaign county to harness their
teams and ride a hundred miles, camping
out two nights in the open air and loosing a
week’s Lime—as they have just. now done to
greet Abraham Lincoln. _Let us see whether
his presence induces a Wide Awake compan
or any other company to march from Beard-
stown to Springfield on foot (forty miles)-as
they have just now done to join a. procession
doing honor to Abraham Lincoln. Let us
see whether his presence induces another
company from a slavcholdiug State to fight
their way to a fin-,2; boat for the purpose of
coming nearly a hundred miles to join in the
same procession—as did the Wide Awakes of
Hannibal, Missouri, to wave their torches
before the next President of theUnitedStates.
Let us scc whether his presence requires the
services of filly-two cars from the city of.
Chicago to carry the multitude thron 'ng
thither, nearly two hundred miles, to so. uto
his coming. Let. us see whether two hundred
and five extra cars are summoned to bring
the people from distant quarters to applaud
his movements.
cession of vehiclm occupies three hoursin
passing a given point where he stands to an-
swer the salutations of his friends. These are
questions which we should like to have an-
swered by Mr. Douglas’s personal presence
in his own State. We invite his friends to
take him off the New England course and
trot him out on 1111 Illinois prairie as soon as
110 can be spared from other engagements.”-
“—fifiqabFM
:3?" M. Berger, lhc distinguished anch
billiard player, arrived unexpectedly in the
Adriatic on Monday. [10 comes, it is said,
to play a match with l’hclau. Mr. Berger is
regarded as the lust player in France; hchas
bccn uncouqncrcil by any one for ten years,
during which time he (has been visited by
numbers ot'r-clchi-ilics from other countries of
Europc.
. ...—o --i0»O-'——-———
—-—Ouc hundred and fifty-one bodies, of
those lost in the Lady Elgin, have been re-
covered.
l
Let; us see whether the pro- '
Norwalk Chronicler