Coinpri_ile.63' _ . _ ,
artioleawliich have gained a reputation among
the poople“,.aud are valuable medicinal prepara-
tions. ' ‘
rated medicines.
~ the qxperiepce, t
‘—-—-— _..-
...
_"*
PUBLISHED TUESDAY MORNING, BY
‘.F'''
A. HOMER BYINGTON,
ZéElflIJE.;-.
AT TWO DOLLARS PER ANN UM---IN ADVANCE.
fit. tit.---dfisfalvlisljtt in 1800.
A:
NIIMBER341---NEW
SERIES.
uciisuv/nun» ccazrsrrsi.
L ll.-BTINGTOII, Editor is Proprietor
Q5103 : W'_est: Sade Hie Bridge in Selleclcs’
Btlililiitg, over store of 1". St. John-
SUBSCRIPTION RATES :
Villnie Subscribers by Carrier, per year‘, - ~ - 82
do When not paid in advance do - - - - ‘J
B * Hail and Post ltiders do same as above ,
’ one "living" utofauy Carrier's District, and
It the Oliee for, their Papers, if paid in advance, 1
All aubscri tic-us for fractio_iu.l park ofa year .at 2
().Sin'g e copies 5 cents, in wrapper for mailing,
.5i"nvfs:1t1‘l§7l?G RATIJS. 0
W
M
50
00
ll
Oae Square, one insertion $1 00
do do» we so I '15
do do grime so i so
do do "one month, ’ 1 15
do do too nionths, 3 00
do do thrce,months, 4 00
do ‘do ‘eiiouths, 7 00
do do one year, . . 12 00
Tvom-8.rss......~l.9...... . .. . 10 00
Bali bdditionalkquare, per year, 8 00
one col_nruu,“,nne,-y.oar' ' 15 00
Fifteen ‘nos _l)f’nI'.:O,V‘lU\'I",;0l' ‘l~l-2 inches make a square.
Fractional,parta=of ,s square, charged for as a whole.
Yearly"a'dvertisers"'have"'the ‘pi-ivile o'er changing their
Ulvgrtlsnnonis once per mont . Advertisements
ohan‘god‘~‘o'ftener‘eliarg'od as transient. -
Transient;gdyertiaemguts-payable on the first insertion.
l’oarly'-‘Vadvertiseiuonts payable at expiration of six
months. Yearly advertisers restricted to their regu-
lar business. .
Special Notices 25 per cent addition on the above rates.
Q. These terms will-ib'e iufleaibly adhered to. rfi
mi .
uinscroiirf
s’\/\/\/'\f\,’\‘r \.,- \.-‘V.-\,\_-\,_,\,\,.\,.v.V.v.\'-V\,\_,\_, I
_. ‘L. qr‘. ..r.0.°.‘_n,,
#*1__
Attfiruei and. ‘Counselor at Law, ,
OFFICE OVER .M.«1LLORY’S sronc,
N oravnlk, Conn.
r..-.~~-~---~~~--———————
0. 8. Perry‘,
Attorney” and Qtloaaselor at Lav
Norvvalk Conn.
soars-ausrnrs-s ~
Over D. N. Depot.
, N__0itWALK,
I_.ikene‘sso.s'
Waira/tted to,.plrose all Good Judges.
0. &. E. K. LOCKWOOD,
NOIIWALK, OONN.,
usxurxcrunnas or
us. csnrrr man a corrsii
, WCJIPCBB9
AND DEALERS IN ~
Slaves. Ranges, , Furnaces, Cutlery.
Bre'tanm'a, Porcelain and IVoode7t
Ware, and Kitchen Furniture
in general, Pumps, Sheet
Lear] Lead Pipe,
Crockery, Glass
and China
Ware.
' ‘ f lorwalk Post ofloe.
Building Moving.
AVING taken the building moving busi-
llefla of Tuubs, the subscriber is prcpar
ed to move, andraise Buildings, with safety
and dispatch. They can have the assistance and
advice, of C Tunas, at any tinie.
All orders addressed to the subscriber, will
meet with prompt attention.
1334 C H TUBBS, Norwalk, Conn.
Sonsonablo
DRY GOODS. .
THE Subscriber would return his thanks for
thc very liberal patronage with which his
Store has been favored the your past, and hopes
by a constant attention to the wants of the
trading public and by a. system of fair and hon-
orable dealing, to retain his share of trade for
the year ensuing. His Stock comprises at all
times a choice and varied selection of fashiona-
ble and seasouable Dry Goods, ofevcry quality
and price. Be is confident that purchasers
will find every article purchased at his store,
equal in quality, and as cheap in price, as can
be obtained elsewhere. Particular attention
devoted to the selection of Cloths, Vcstiiigs,
&.e., &c., for Gentlemens wear, which will be
sold at the lowest market prices.
Jan. 16. L. II. RANDLE.
PAlNT|NG,GLAZ|NG
and Paper Hanging Establishment.
HE subscriber has taken the Store recently
‘ occupied by Messrs. Bundle dz Platt, and
has opened an extensive and general Oil, Paint,
Painting and Glasiery Depot. House, Sign,
Plain and Ornamental Painting, Gildiii g, Mar-
bling, Grainiug, &c., done with ueatuess, cheap-
nose and despafch. Also, Banners, window
shades, designs, &c., skilfully painted to order.
He will also keep on hand a general assortment
of Paints, Oils, &c., which will be sold whole-
sale or by the pot, with the loan of brushes.-
Special atte'ntion'paid to Paper Hanging, the.
By a punctual fulfillment of all engagements,
~ and reasonable charges, he hopes to receive a
share of public patronage.
GEORGE MARVIN.
Norwalk, Aug. 9th, 1853. tfl5
NORWA LK, HAT. E
I cap and Fur Emporium.
THE subscribers having removed to No,
2Skiddy’s Block, would say, that they have
just made very large additions to the former
stock, of new and fashionable goods in their
line, would now call the attention of the public
generally, to the great advantages which they
are enabled to offer over their competitors in
Norwalk. Confiuing their whole attention to
this one branch of business, they feel that they
can make purchases and secure a much better
quality of goods, than those comparatively
unacquaiuted with the business. We have
new on hand a fine assortment of Hus, just
munity.-—For further particulars, just drop in
and examine for yourselves, at No. 2 Skiddy’s
Block. Main street. RANDLE dz PLAT'l‘.
NOIWALR EMPORIUM l
PROVISIONS. FRUITS,
Vegetables. of Fish all kinds.
Clans, oysters, etc.
As good as the market affords, constantly to be
found at the well known est-ablishnient of
Vail Closes——Wi»:sr, 7..‘ 0 a. 31., 1.30 r. ii.
" “ Easr, 8.30 A. 1., 5.30 r. at.
Due-Wnsr, 9.30 A. 21., 6.30 P. I.
“ Bass‘, 8.30}. l., 3 P. I.
, vv. 1:. nrssnnr. ,
- OULI) invite the attention of this and
the neighboring community to his vast
.V_’sa‘I
stock of.-goods,’ (to which additions are weekly.
being made.) comprising a full and general as-
sorfsnent of .
r>onifi.ic:_< AND nonnsuc uuuos,
selected with "the greatest care, and ‘from, the
host which the Ncw-- York _market will afford.
lie has also a choice selection. of
reriinnery, '
Lubin’s extracts ofall kinds, cologne
water a variety of styles, etc. liis stock of
PATENT MEDICINES.
an immense variety, principally of
lo ‘would invite‘. the attention of the ladies to
an ',"‘raNcY_,G0o1>s.
which fare-iltoo numerous to particularise, and
which for taste mi elegance are beyond all ri-
valry in“this'vieinity. _ '_ _ '
Y9;-y parficqlar attention is paid to preparing
pgv§[ggA;ii’_S PRESCRIPTIONS,
.1 ' f 'li s with pure and unadulte°
an snpzymz‘ "unifies prices will compare fa°
vorsbfy with those of any other ‘ establiismeut.
l’iirs'r:‘\V’~ii‘i"es,» Liquors, Scotch Ale aud»Portcr,
electad:.exxir'e'sslx_t'o_r medicinal use. .
Q .‘ Land for sale. .
w‘AlI'OUT eightacres of good land, near
lain-st.‘, one mile north of the Bridge,ia offered
in gg|g';up'ou'VOl'y reasonable terms. , ’_It is ad-
’.;,-gu, gggptgd for building lots, or for gard-
uilg ',~,—’-,i‘,'l,_,‘,__,s_,_eJg, having is quick and rich soil,
“Q5-‘iii; bad of vegetable mould, or compost
manure; thdreou, orit is well calculated for a
first rate..ino‘adow. It is well fenced and in a
,0,’ gliguple location. For further particulars
enqnlr0. at ,t_iii,s_ o_Ific9- "3
.l!a or Bangui
2 P&CES of evegmstyle and pat-
9
torn from 7cts..te _3s. a piece just
l'0colV0d, and now
oficred for sale by
C. J. GRUMAN,
At the Old Bridge Store.
,Shir1:1 linkers
WANTED.
. ,A._ ._u0RISON dc IIOYT are now giving
.",9u¢.shi_rts,Bosoms, Oollars,&c., to expo
riglddiliiliydiiiployment given and CASH, paid
, f th work.
021:;-1vlv,is‘llky,-l.uly(l0th,1853.' sumo
old Pictures Copied &. Restored
_AUSTEN, has recently introduced. In-
J. .3!-umgevnta, by which he can restore or copy
01¢ fjbggpéa, Daguerreotypes,d’c._, giving them
. magi ~sm-:i-i fliiish, than in the original.
A.ugiat?9th. "
' ..WD 93188 H0033-. -
Conggg 911 pain AND wnrrs STREETS
Eioarstho Rail Road-Depot.
fl?'|[|bFc_l'lll.€l' having leased the above nam-
I . lllotel, is prepared to receive boarders
and firahsieht visitors.’ The House is abundant-
I an lied with spring water, and has all the
ciinvziilences necessary to make guests comfort-
able and the undersigned feels confident from
" list he has had in the business
that he can give satisfaction
‘him .with their atronage.
JOHN R. FORK ‘STER.
.1 Cold Water Baths ready
Sept. 5, 1853. M36
of hotel ke§pl“Ki.. .
to those ‘who’ fEV°1'
- . B.‘-‘-'Warin In
at all hours. (D'"‘l’“"y'
-ggjtjed innsnodiatelys
— ~'.*~ 3- ‘ g persons of all ages ‘and
NOT)ll‘ilIlll:.l'(‘JlilEyli0 ‘purcbaisefinc Watches, :I.3‘\’vi.
cll’)‘:‘§lld eleiguut Silver Ware,-«now-on-vex i -
tiomdailx =~‘-‘N ' 2 5"i'”y"Bil)°.°§.' CLARK.
'-‘Marble Work:-h _ H _a
‘C - I . ' ° te imlc ‘wk
J. ii'a.?.;’i£3.ii,.'23Xt”¥.‘ii°§‘f...i.i.«nu-We-=-
will oonsfnuetto keep 0-; lI0.';|dv 9' “;§°‘°;‘::,‘:
near the Bridge in _M‘“" 5"‘i°:' fouuuetu
and Grove Stones gfifeye;{£;fn§h§p_P“ '
and of the most ski Ilsnrrfl & HOBGAN.
April 24, 1854.
4
‘9.
ALLEN, MEEKER dz CO.
31!‘ Goods of the above description received
daily, and for sale at wholesale and retail on
the most favorable terms.
A HOUSE AND LOT,
of about One Acre,
FOR SALE.
THE subscriber offers f'or sale, upon reasona-
blc terms, a House and Lot, situated in
Silver Mine, so-called, in the town of New Ca-
rnaan, and 2i miles from Noi-walk Bridge. The
House is newly built, contains 5 large rooms,
and 3 bed-rooms, attached to which is an out-
house, containing 4 rooms, cellar. d'.c., &c.
The above property will be sold very low up-
on application to A. GLEN DENING,
or STEPIIFN HYATT.
New-Canaan, Silver Mine, scpt. 21, 185:-S.—tf 39
Limo.
100 Bbls. of Lime for sale by T. L. PECK.
Timber and Lathe
AT SOUTH NORWALK.
350,000 Plastering Latins-
50,000 Feet Pine and Spruce Timber.
10,000 Pine Pickets just rcc’d and for sale
by TIIOS. L. PECK.
South Norwalk, Aug. 2. 1853.
Protection Insurance Company
HARTFORD, CT.
Capital $a00,000—w£tlt privilege to m-
creasc to Ilalf a Million.
LLIAM C. STREET, Agent of the above
named Company is now prepared to Iii-
Iure Houses, Stores, Mills, Factories, Barns, and
the contents of each, together with every other
species of property, so.uxs'r LOSS on o.i.\i.u;u BY
runs. The rates of premium offered, are as low
as those of any other similar institution, and
every man has now an opportunity, for a ti-ifliiig
sum, to protect himself against this destructive
element, which often in a single hour sweeps
away the earnings of so many years.
Norwalk, Sept. 5th. 1853.
Cheaper than Ever
.1! the South J\/‘orwallc
GROCERY STORE-
HE subscriber has on hand by fax‘ the
(urges and best selection, of Family Gro-
ceriea and Provisions, to be found in South
Norwalk, which he offers to his customers and
the public, at greatly reduced prices. His fa-
" cilities are such that he will be constantly re-
ceiving new and fresh supplies of goods, as the
wants of his Customers may require, which will
always be of the best qualify and sold at the
very lowest possible price. and he would re-
apectfull solicit an examination and trial of the
same. GEO. W. SMl'l‘Il.
South Norwalk, May 15th. 1854.
Hardware and Cutlery,
Mechanics Tools, Farming Utensils.
Guns, Pistols. Iron and Steel,
Window Glass, Pairzts
and Oils.
HE subscriber has now in store, and is con-
stantly receiving dircct from the manu-
facturers, is large supply of foreign and domes-
tic goods, undcr the above denomiuiitioiis,
which makes his assortment of articles suited
to this market, equal to any in the state, and
which will be sold either wliolei-ale or retail,
on as favorable terms as caii_bc purcliased in
New York. For list of articles and pi'ic_cs,
purchasers are requested to call and 0.\'V:l‘ill‘lllt!
for themselves. _ W M. C. STREET.
Norwalk, April 17th.
_ SOMETHING NEW.
Blacksnnthing and lVagon Rcym.z'-ring
» AT THE BRIDGE.
THE subscribers have recently made ar-
rangements whereby thcycan cxocpte all
orders for the complete repairing of “i18'0"S.
Carriages, &c., at the aliortest -notice and_ at
reasonable prices, in addition to blacksmitli-
ing, which will be continued as h'erctofo_rc in
all its branches. Special uttcutioii paid to
liorse and Ox shoeing, light and _heavy I org-
ing, dies All work executed in either depart-
' ment will be well and promptly done.
W.n'unnunr dz DUNCAN.
10 if
Window Glass.
90 BOXES of the best F R E N C H
_, GLASS, all sizes.
' 100 boxes do American all sizes.
for sale very low by Z. SANFORD.
Westport, July zsni
suited to the season and the wants of the coin-.
Unparalleled Bargains!
EXTRAORDINARY ATTRACTIONS ! l
.\'I‘ THE Cl:Jl.IilIli.\'|'l-ID,
LARGEST AND CHEAPEST,
C.lRPE'l‘ EST.-lBLlSll1llEN’l‘
l.\' 'l‘llE U.\'l'l‘lClJ .\_"l'.\'l‘l-ZS, .\'l'
Hiram And:-.rson’s,
No. 99 BOWERY. Nizw Youk,
ImyiurlcrafE/iglis/t and From:/I Carpets.
UYERS will find the largest Stock ofLow
Price and Medium to the most elaborate
Aubiission, Mosaic, Medallion, and Velvet Car-
pets cvcr offered in the world.
TEN‘ SPACIOUS SALES ROOMS.
Above ground, no damp Basements or Vaults
under the sidewalk to cndaiiger the health of
Lady purcliuscrs, each Sales Room is devoted
ciwlusively to one description ol'Carpcts. The
Wholesale and Retail Departments of this cs-
tablishuicnt have been eula1'ged,,aud an addi-
tion of' two extensive Sales" Rooms, making a
wonderful and gorgeous display.
Sales Room No. 1,
Floor Oil Cloths. An Enormous Stock of
J ohu Ilarc dz Son's celebrated liiiglish oil
cloths; also, American floor oil cloths of mag-
nificent satin finish, Fresco, iiiarblo, Italian, and
Scroll Paintings, from 25. 6d., 3s., -ls., 5s., 6s.,
to 9s. per yard, from 3 feet to 2-1 f'cct wide and
90 long.
‘ Sales Room No. 2,
Ingram C'arpc!s. Two liuudrcd and fifty
pieces of English and American Ingrain Car-
peting, all new style, inauufactiu'c(l expressly
for this establislinicnt.
Sales Room No. 3,
Tlzrec Ply Carpets. Eiiglisli, Scotch, and
American Imperial Three Ply Carpeting of our
own Iiiiportatiou ; gorgeous, splendid new style
of pattern.
Sale; Room No. 4,
Low Price Ingram Camels. Three Hund-
red pieces of Medium quality Iiigraiu Carpets,
beautiful large and small patterns, manufactur-
ed for the City trade, incredible low prices of
2s 6d, 3s, 4s, 5s, per yard.
Salas Room No. 5,
Rngs and Drllggcls. Eiiglisli Druggets 4
yards wide, 3000 yards of low priced Druggets,
1 to 3 yards wide at 35 (id to (is per yard, also
an immense assortment of Mosaic Landscape,
Axniiuster, and Tufted Hearth Rug; also 2000
Tufted Rugs at his to 24s each.
Sales Room No. 6,
Stair and Hall Carpr3ts.—5(l,000 y:'i.1'(Is of
striped and figured Hall and Stair Carpets at
2s, 25 (id, 3s, 3s 6d, -ls, 5s, (is and 7s.
Sales Room N0. 7,
./lfetlalliun Carpets, with borders; Mosaic
and Axiiiinsfer of one entire piece, can be fitted
to any sized room, from $350 to 1000.
Royal Velvet, Tapestry and Brussels, from
the celebrated Factories ofJo1iii Crossly & Sons,
and Messrs. l’ICll(l0l'S0ll & Co., and others, Eug-
laiid, all of our own impoi't:itioii,soii1e ofwhicli
are exclusively our own styles, and cannot be
found at any other est-ablisliiiiciit.
Sales Room No. 8,
flubusson. Curp(:ts—Tlicy elicit the warmest
commcndatioiis of cvcry be-holder, excel in
beauty and diimbility, are sold at moderate
prices, and introduced in the iiiarkct at this cs-
tablishnieut.
- Sales Room No. 9,
Velvet, ’l‘apcstry, Brussels three ply and
twilled Vciiitian Stair Carpeting, relnarkably
cheap.
Sales Room. 2V0.‘ 10,
.l)tlll.')Il Tapestry ln,«.{rain. (.'ur]:c[s—Gold,
Plltlll, White, Buff and Scroll Wiiidoiv Shades,
at (is, lzls, 20s, -10s, to $10 per pair ; 'l.‘:1blc and
Piano Covers, Silver and Brass Stair Rods, Pur-
lor Door Mats, Coir Matting ; also, 4s 3d, .55 6d
White and Check Canton Matting, &c.
ll[R.A;\I ANDERSON,
9:) Bowery.
E. V. A. CHICHESTI:‘.R’S
IIIISCELLANEO US
CATALOGUE.
Barn Door Rollers and Ilaiigcrs.
Dish Scrapers. Scrapers for wood ii: stone.
Sash Rollers.
Chain Pump Reels, 6 and S zirni.
Pump Chain.
Wagon Boxes, 32 to 6 in. in sctfs.
Carri-.igc Bolts.
Tire Bolts.
Boring Machines.
Twine 1’-.ipcr.
Masoifs Scivcs.
Carriage Bows and Btl1l(lS.
Lace and Daiiiask.
Eiiamellcd Car Clotli.
Window Sash, all sizes. 0
l’atcnt Cl0I-llCS Pius.
Well Buckets and Wheels.
Glue Pots and Kettles.
Mallc-.i.ble Castings.
Six barrel Revolvers, 4 and 5
Single "‘ Rifle Pistols.
Game Bags, &c., kc.
PA.INTIElR’S MATERIALS.
White Lead, all qualities.
No. 1, or snow white Zinc.
“ 2-, _ silver “ “
“ " brown stone “
it (I
61125
:1
in barrels.
‘)7
it .3,
Linseed Oil, boiled and raw.
Spirits Turpentine.
Cop-.il, Coach and Demar Variiisli.
Putty and Sand Paper.
Chinese and American Vcrniillion.
Chrome Green and Yellow.
Paris Green, dry and in oil.
French Marine and Imperial Green.
Bnriit and Raw Uiubcr. Terra dc Scinna.
Litb-.i1'ge and Red Lead.
Drop Ivory and Lanipblack.
Croton and Busliwcll’s Mctalic P-.Lint.s, for
out buildings.
Pumice Stone, ground and iii lump.
Window Glass, a large assortment of all
qualities and prices, bptli French and
American. - -
AGRICULTURAL IIYIPLEMENTS.
Bush Hooks. - 9
Garden and Rfllll‘Oilf1,.IVll0tlll)fll‘l‘O\\'S.
Corn Shellers, single and double wheeled.
Fanning Mills. ‘
Manure Fox-ks, Batclielor, Ilarper, Whip-
ple and Iiarriugton makers.
Hay Forks, various makes.
I-lorse Hay Rakes and llarroivs.
I’louglis'; made to order to suit the various
kin of land ' this part of the coun-
tr .
SlSI‘a.\\'Zln(l Hay Cutters, made by Hovey, the
most approved kind.
Road or Ox Scrapers.
Ox Bows and Yokes.
Bow Pins.
Cow Tics.
Crow Bars.
II '
F0. or
askcfs. 3
ic Stones and Rifles, &c., 3:0.
, lothing 1 Clothing-
lll-] extensive reputation of the Mammoth,
Clothing Ware House ofl’. C. Bsuxun &-Co.
194 and 6 Cliatliuni Square, New York, being
one of the largest in the United States, embra-
cing every sliadc and variety of Clothing ever
kept in a Clotliiiig Store renders advertising a
conipliancc with custom, more than a matter
of necessity.
A CARD.
To our Nuiiicrous fi-iciids tlirougliout the
State of'Coiniceticut-, the iiii(lci‘sigiic(l is most
happy to rcturii his tliaiiks toliisfriciids, for the
very lilici‘:il1ial-i'oiia_L,re with which they have
i’avorc(lliini during the past year, and having
iiiaile iirriiiigciiiciits to continue at the old stand
of 1'. C. B. A3 C0. during the year 1854, hopes
and believes that good goods, well made. f'airly
l‘t‘[Il'L'S(:lll.(.‘il and left to the iuibiasedjiidgcincnt
of the p1i1'clia:sci". will moi-it it coiitiiiuuncc of
their f'-.ivo1's, very rcspcctfull '.
tf5 - BENJ. BARRACLOUGII. A
' T. B. GRIPFI H.
Sou'ru Nllli\\'AI.K.
'5.
CALL and examine his 1-.ssoi'tiiiciitof' Hair,
Nail and Tooth Brushes; also, good assort.
incnt fine and course combs. '
ERBS allkinds at T. B. GRIFFITIPS,
South Norwalk.
Mr. Andrews’ Os-atioas.
FELLOW Crrizsns :—We have assem-
bled in this beautiful temple of nature,
on this the sevciity-eiglit anniversary of
our National Independence to render to
Hill! who was our Fatliers’ God and
whom their children worship’, an offering
of tlianksoiving and praises-praise that
in the hour of our Nation's gdarkiiess
and peril, He was present with us-—that
with his mighty arm He broke the sword
and the spear of the oppressor that he
hath so long spread out heavens with the
bow of peace and no man sufferctli the
hoof of the war horse to trample the
spriiigiug com. May this offering as-
cend out of truly thankful hearts, rise
before the 'I‘hroiic of our only Sovereign
as grateful incense and aid to secure to
our land the blessing of His perpetual
smile.
The achieveineiit of American Inde-
pendence, the establishment of our free-
Constitutional government and -its suc-
cessful opei-atiou for so many years, do
indeed furnish abundant cause for thank-
fuliiess and joy. These free States
which in the war of the Revolution
shook off the chains of Colonial bond-
age with a giaiit’s strength, have advan-
ced iii the career of improvement with a
rapidity that inspires wonder and awe.
From a population then confined to the
Atlantic States, the tide of emigration
has rolled onward causing the wilder-
ness to retire before if, and new and pros-
perous commoiiwealtlis to spring into
existence, until today, the flag of our
Republic emblazoned not with 13 Stars
only, but with 31 of uudimined lustre,
floats in triumph over the Capitol of a
prosperous sister State, the line of whose
western boundary is drawn in the sands
of the Pacific coast.
We rejoice, as we contemplate the
changes which the well directed enter.
prise of civilized and enfranchiscd man
hath wrought. And it would be a grace.
ful task for the speaker on this occasion
te dwell on these changes—tlie triumphs
of American freedom—the achievements.
of that lofty courage and self-sacrificing
patriotism which marked our revolution-
aiy struggle—the institution of our well
balanced federal governmeiit—the en-
actment of our wholesome and equita-
ble laws-—ilie rapid development of’ our
national resources, our progress in what-
ever constitutes the true greatness of
a nation, till we hold a. distinguished rank
among the first powers of the Earth.
These are themes which can hardly fail to
kindle the imagination of the orator and
awaken in every American bosom, strong
emotions of patriotic pleasure and joy,
and honorable pride. But even while
we indnlgeiii such emotions in view of
the past and in glowing uiiticipatioiis of
the future, we seem to hear a voice is-
suing from the tomb of nations, "Repub.
lies are doomed to ruin.” Athens and
Sparta, and Carthage, and Rome, and
Venice, and some of more modern date,
which once were, are no longer. Such
is the voice of history. Is it ominous
of our fate! What light do the faint
gleams which the past and the present
shoot forward, throw upon our future
course? These are questions, to a brief
discussion of which, 1 would respectful-
ly invite your attention on the present
occasion.
'1‘o the stability of any popular Gov-
ernment, two th-ngs are iudispensably
requisite; a correct knowledge in the
people of public measures and the char-
acters of public men, and the prevalent.
influence of a pure morality, that cor-
ruption shall be discountenanced in the
administration of public affairs. Knowl-
edge is essential to well directed effort.
W'ii.hout it, the people, like the eyeless
giant grope in darkness, knowing not
where they stand nor how to direct their
aim. Correct notions of virtue and mor-
al obligation must also be apprehended
by the people, so that they shall be in-
fluenced to the selection of Rulers who
will be faithful to their trust, so that
public faith he kept iiiviolate and the
public honor unsullied, and that there
be sentiments of reciprocgl coufideiice
between them who rule and them who
obey. Fear is the principal of despot-
z'sm——if this be unbroken in its power,
me sway of the Despot is supreme. Ig-
norance is the parent of fear, and fear
and ignorance will keep the Tyrant safe.
ly on his throne. But in a popular Gov-
ernment, \vlie1‘¢’- the people are the source
of power, this Principle can have no
place. In order then to strengthen the
bond of union between the people and
their rulers, to inspire each with confi-
dence iii the integrity of the other, to
secure the enuctmeiit of equitable laws
and an efl'cctual~because a willing obedi-
ence to them, some other principle is
obviously necessary. and this is fouiid in
a sense of moral obligation, which re-
gards the relations in which we stand to
our fellow men and to our creator and the
duties which each relation involyes. If the
system of morality taught in a popular gov
eminent be in itself pure and be clothed
with proper sanctions, so that important
duties be easily recognized and the obliga-
tion to discharge them is universally felt,
its influence, in restraining men from
crime and securing the highest ends
of the Political and Social State,
will be vastly more, po\verf'ul, than
the employment of all the physical
force, by which the sternest Despotism
ensures submission to its decrees. Oth-
er forms of Government may be pennan-
eni,wlicn the people are ignorant and even
corrupt. Ignorance fits them for submis-
sion and submission is the only duty they
are called on to perform. Corruption cner-_
vates and prepares them for the degra-'
dation of abject servitude. In a popu-
lar Government, neither of these can
long exist, without changing its nature;
ignorance, by blinding the people and
thus causing them to be misled—corrup-
tioii, by enfccbliiig and thus uiifitting
them to resist. We take it to bee. truth
taught. by reason and established by the
history of nations, that True Govern-
ments can be sustained and accomplish
the ends of their formation only by the
combined force of enlightened reason.
elevated morals and pure religion.
\Vitli the plain and familiar principles
thus presented, permit me to direct
your attention to some of the more
prominent Republics which have prece-
ded us in the history of Nations, and en-
quire what means they had of diffusing
among the people that knowledge to re-
CNORWALK, CONN. TUESDAY, JULY 11, 1854.
3 jamily Elifuspaper.---glstofih floral ‘fleius zmh fiutetests, Central fgfntelligntte, ‘lliferafuri, fiolitiis, figrimlturi, fillctgauits, fly: 3:15, Qfitntsfioit,
VOLUME XXXVII.---N UMBER
W:
28.
pudiate to a well defined, correct and
energetic course of action.
Previous to the iiiveution of the art of print-
ing, knowledge could be communicated only
through the medium of‘ oral and written Lan-
guage. To employ thclatter us a medium of
general couimunication so as to answer the
desired ends, was manifestly impossible. Oral
language must therefore of necessity be rcsort_
ed too. This of all other modes of communi-
cating instruction, bath the advantage, in the
quickness, the facility, and I may add in the
immediately powerful effects of its operations-—
but is inferior to the press in the universality
ofits application and the permanency of its
results. In its own sphere, spoken eloquence
is ii. for more powerful instrument of persuasion
than written eloquence——but this sphere must
be far more limited. Of course if it be the
sole or principal means of diffusing knowledge
in a Republican Community, that community
to be duly enlightened must be circumscribed
within exceedingly narrow limits.
In looking at the Republics of Ancient times
we are struck in observing the limited extent
of their territory, when compared with the vast
dominions embraced in the Jllonarchies of the
same age. In Greece, all of which would have
been but an insignificant appendage to the
mighty Empires that then were, was to be
found the Metropolis of an Independent State,
almost wherever there was a. plain to cultivate
or a hill to fortify. Indeed each Republic
originally consisted of but one settleuient—and
although in the course of time it became en-
larged by conquest, still the original settle-
mciit remained the seat of entire Dominion.-
The Ancient Republics are generally known
by the name of their respective Capitals.-
Athells! Sparta, Rome, each was a single City,
the Mistress perhaps of spacious, populous and
wealthy Provinces, yet their sole and supreme
ruler holding them by no tenure but subjection,
and for no purpose but to deck herself with
their spoils. The Government of each Repub-
lic, was confined to her Metropolis, and as com-
iug within the scope of its influence might be
roused, guided and restrained by the force of
Spoken Eloquence. The Inhabitants of the
Capital, in whom was vested the Supreme
Power, from living compactly, were enabled
to meet in Primary Assemblies that they might
hear and judge. Looking at the Republic of
Athens as an example, we see her Citizens
througiiig the Forum to listen to the discus-
sion of Public Measures, and to decide ques-
tions of the highest moment to the Republic.
While the relation in which they who listened
and they who spake stood to each other, it
beings relation of interest on the one hand
and of responsibility on the other, was favora-
blc to it full development of truth concerning
public affairs, still the mode of this develop-
ineut, was fraught with serious evils. The
People acted from the momentary impulse.-
Tlicy decided grave and momentous questions
under the influence of high wrought feeling.—-
Tlic tumultuous excitement of their Assemblies,
was incompatible with calm deliberatiou,cool,
collected judgment. Reason fled when passion
reigned, and in the wild phreuzy of the mo-
ment, the multitude were borne impetuously
along wherever the master spirit chose to carry
them. Being thus swayed by present and
often intense feeling, iuconstaucy marked their
action, and we see them revoking to-day what
they decreed yesterday and dccreeing to-day
what they will revoke to-morrow. Thus their
legislation was carricious—the result of pres-
ent and often transient impulses, and not
founded on well settled principles of morality
and right. And yet, with all its attendant
"eyil consequences, this assembling of a whole
people to decide on Public Measures was
strongly conducive to rouse their ardor and
combine their efforts. The passions of a vast
assembly, can be wrought up to a higher pitch
than the passions of one man in his solitude-
the y can be impelled on to undertakings which
he would deem it madness to attempt. Our
own experience demonstrates this.
When we mingle in a mighty throng, we
ever feel conscious of unusual excitement-—
carried along on the tide of passion as it rush-
es from heart to heart, increasing in depth, and
strength, and swiftuess as it goes, we are no
longer oursclves—we are borne away in trans-
ports of enthusiasm. Thus it was in the turbu-
lent assemblies of Athens. And indulge me
in the remark as we pass, that these popular
Assemblies were in a high degree favorable to
the development of the noblest powers or ora-
tory. Thcir tumult although it does not create»
yet nurtures true eloquence. It eukindlcs
dccp emotion in the mind, although the true
Orator alone, can embody; that emotion, in a
living form. The loftiest effort of the soul, is
as it were forced from him, who stands in the
presence of a countless multitude. The con-
flicts of’ Rival Orators in a vast and turbulent
Assembly are like the meeting of Thunder
Clouds in an Electric Atmosphere, by which
the Heavens and the Earth are shaken. Thus
it was at Athens. From the midst of her tu-
multuous throngs, her Orators started forth:
swaying at will the minds of'their countrymen,
and exerting a resistless influence over the
Judges of the Arcopugus and the crowds of the
Foruui. ,
Truly has it been said “ that ancient democ-
racy is nothing but an aristocracy of Orators,
sometimes interrupted by the temporary mon-
archy of a single Orator.” Such were the
means of which the Ancient Republics were
possessed, for diffusing among the People that
knowledge of public men and of public affairs
so essential to enlightened honorable and suc-
cessful national actiou—means which produced
united and vigorous action, but at the same
time occusione"/an inconstancy of purpose-—
an instability in legislation and a cruel arbi-
trariness iu their decrees, which stood effectu-
ally in the way of their permanent greatness.
Institutions, which constitute the organization
of Society, which are to the frame-work of
Govcriiincu, what the bones are to the physical
system of Man, and which in order-‘to the perm-
uncut advancement of any Nation, should grow
in strength and beauty and usefulness, gather-
ing around them, and centering in them more
and more warmly and intensely the confidence
and affections of a‘ peoplc—Institution_a which
were to the Ancient Republics and especially to
the Republics of Greece, as nothing, while men _
were all in all. One favorite," swaying the
passions and thereby the judgment of =thc peo-
ple, to-da.,i/—-und another to-marrow. One
leading them on to demolish and trample in
the dust to-day, what yesterday, under the in-
fluence of another master of the hour, they had
built and adorned with the highest national
honors.
Permit me here to direct your attention fora
moment, to the system of religious faith there
prevalent and its influence on public morals.
A Religion for the People must be practical-—
not a theory to amuse the fancy or merely em.
ploy the intellect—but something to awaken
the feelings and reach the heart. In its cg-
sential doctrines, it must be plain, connected
with the most solemn results and enforced by
the weighticst sanctions, that its importance to
each individual and his obligation to embrace
it be deeply felt. In these respects, the reli-
gious systems prevalent in the Ancient Repub-
lics, were rulnously deficient. Their Philoso-
pners, it is true, in their calm retirements had
found some sublime conceptions of the Deity
and indistinct views of the immortality of the
Soul—-but these formed no part of the general
creed, and exerted but an inefficient influence
on the lives of even of thee that embraced
them. Their speculations were too abstruse
for the People to comprehend—too cold to
give warmth and energy to Moral Feeling and
entirely too speculative, to arouse the attention
and meet the necessities of depraved man. In
the popular mind, there existed no idea of the
One, true God-—a Being of infinite perfectious,
ruling all events and to whom all men are ac-
countable. Their Deities were numerous as
the departments of nature, and almost every
vice which pure morality prescribes, belonged
to their character and was exhibited in their
lives. The blaekest passions, the most deba-
sing sensuality were felt and practiced even
in the courts of Heaven. Such were their
Gods to whom the people built temples, and
offered sacrifices. No people are holier than
the Gods they worship. From the character
of Deities, we may infer the character of their
worshipers. The cruelty of Moloch, caused
cruelty in his worshipers. In the characters
of Brama and Vishuoo, we discover the degra-
ding qualities of the Hindoos. _
So among the Ancients, the envy and faith-
lessuess of the Gods, were reflexes of the envy
and faithlessness of Man. Their views of futu-
rity, also, were in accordance with the charac-
ters of their divinities. Crimes of the blackest
hue, excluded them not from the joys of their
Elysium. A few of the more enlightened
among them it is true, saw the absurdity of
such a faith——but even tliey discerned truth but
dimly. Sonic faint beams from the Eternal
Throne. reflcctcd from the material universe,-
reached them-—bnt of too dimmed lustre to
scatter darkness, and of too quenched warmth
to give life. What now were the effects of their
free Governments, their imperfect means of
diffusing knowledge, and their corrupt religion,
blended as it was with all their legislation, as
developed during their career. It seems an as-
tonishing fact, that the little Republics of
Greece should stand out so prominently among
the mighty Kingdoms of that age, extortiag
our applause for achicvments in every depart-
ment of Art and Science, that rival the noblest
productions of modern times. But so it is. It
was an age that seemed to embody the collect-
ed genius, wisdom andskill all antiquity. No
where havc,Ai~tists embodied in brighter area-
tions the true spirit of Eternal Beauty.
Scarce more natural does the many leaved
flower of the garden unfold its loveliness, or
the tree of the field grow up in stateliness and
grace, than did Grecian Mind attain as at a
bound, the highest place in every department
of intellectual effort, and manifest itself in a
thousand forms of beauty, sublimity and power.
As Philosopher, Poet, Historian, Orator, Artist,
the Greek is prominent. Where shall we seek
the rivals of Homer, Plato, Thucydedea, De-
mosthenes‘, Phidias? And the annals of no age
—of no nation, are more fraught with the
deeds of lofty enterprise, of daring heroism, of
splendid maguanimity. But to this bright side
of their character, there is a mouriiful reverse.
Their ingrutitude, has made the iugratitude of
Republics proverbial, and their faithlessness,
proved them to be as corrupt at heart, as they
were brilliant in achievment. Fortune was
the Deity they worshiped. By her Smiles, they
regulated their awards. He who would be
permanently the favorite of the people, must
not only shape to their will the decrees of
Heaven, but disarm envy herself. The fate of
Miltiades, Aristides, Phocian, Socrates, furnish
melancholy proof. Iii tbir legislation also, we
have seen they were changcful and iuconstant.
guarded by no established principles of a pure
morality, or even of National policy, but by
the impulses which had been awakened within
them, by the master spirit of the hour. A love
ofcouqucst, caused them often to disregard the
rights of Foreign States, and bring upon them-
selves the ruinous conscqueuces of foreign wars.
They were often torn into bitter and dangerous
factions, by the eloquence of artful Demagoues
They sacrificed their greatest‘-and best Men in
a paroxysni of jealousy. They became corrupt
from the influx of wealth—aiid with the in-
crease of corruption, energy was lost, till at
last they graced the triumph ofa Roman Con-
queror. _
Such were the Republics of‘.-tutiquity. Ex-
hibiting during their continuance, the finest
specimens of the power of Man, combined with
the basest treachery, ingratitudc, selfishness
and cruelty. The effect of their free institu-
tions, united with their defective mode of teach-
ing and swaying the popular mind and their
impure religious faith, was to make them ener-
getic yet turbulent, iucoustant and faithlosS-
Some bright rays shot up amidst their strug-
gles, while ull around them was thick gloom-
resembling those phosphorescent lights, which
in a night of darkness, are seen glimmering on
the waters of the troubled Ocean.
The next attempt at Republican Organiza-
tion which was suflicicutly successful to de-
mand our notice, was in Italy, during the mid-
dle Ages. In this portion of Europe, between
the eleventh and fifteenth centuries there arose
as number of small Republics, in whose history
we discover a wonderful display of courage, of
activity, and of genius—a movement and a
liberty indeed, unknown to the rest of Europe.
And yet how wonderful a record is their histo-
ry! With all their apparent prosperity, if we
enquire into the real state of their inhabitants,
there is no History perhaps, more sad and
gloomy :-No period perhaps, during which,
the lot of Man appears to have been so pain-
fully'agitated—subjcct to so many deplorable
chances, and which so. abound in dissenaioas,
crimes and misfortunes. This arose in part at
least, from the very smallness of these Re-
publics.
,'l_‘hat form of government which gives
each indiviual a personal interest and
significance in the administrationof pub- -
affairs, whilst it guards against foreign
despotism, tends also to internal diasua- ~
siou and strife. .\Vhen the prizes of office
and the posts of distinction are few,
in small republic, as history fully shows,
almost inevitably is .-thrown into con-'
fusion through the rivalries of able
and ambitious men and the public good
sacrificed in the exasperate of party strife
and in proportion to the smallness of the
state, increase the jealousiee of leadsrs
and the bitterness of parties. As no
dissensions, are so envenomed as those
among children of the same family, so
no political conflicts are waged with
such fierceuess and malignity as those in
states and narrow territories. The very
closeness of intercourse makes that a
contest of persons wliicb amongst stran-
gers would have been a contest of prin-
ciples. and differences of opinion degen-
erate into personal animosities. The
history of the small Republics of Greece
illustrates this remark, and in the Ital-
“ Republics we find that, coiivulsed by
the ambition of unscrupulous leaders,
arrayed with her hostile parties, inflam-
ed by mutual insults and reproaches,
the voice of the law was unheard and
the just and the wise the patriotic gave
place to him who bore the inighiiesi and
the keenest sword. Indeed in reading
the history of those Republics we are
struck with the fact that in their politi-
cal life there was so little just appre-
ciation of the rights of man as man, such
such a want of personal security, that the
people were unavoidably driven to take
shelter in a system less popular and less
turbulant than that in which the state
existed. Look at the history of Florence
Venice, Genoa, Milan, or Pisa and in
allof them we find the course of events,
instead of aiding the progress of liberty,
instead of enlarging the circle of free in-
stitutions, tending to repress it, tending
to concentrate power in the hands of the
few in utter disregard of the rights of the
many. In a word, we find in their re-
publics. otherwise for a time so energetic
so brilliant and so rich, those very things
wanting, which were absolutely essential
to the permanent success, namely, secu-
rity of life, the first requisite lll the so-
cial state—a just estimate of the natural
rights of man—t|ie progress of institu-
tions adapted to enlarge human freedom
and exalt human character and that un
ion among tliemselves, by which alone
they could successfully meet the dangers
that threatened them from without. I say
from without, for it was from foreign sov-
ereigus, that the greatest danger was
threatened to the Italinii republic, and
still they could never sufficiently acquire
the mastery of their passions, to con-
federate and constitute themselves into
one united republic. The result was
that in the fifteenth century, almost all
tliese republics yielded to the power of
sovereign houses-—-and even where the
name was retaiiied, as in Venice, the
power became coiiceiitrated iii the hands
of one or a few families. Thus ended
the attempts at republican organization
in Italy. In the south of France and
Spain during the same period, several of
the cities and towns formed themselves
imo free republics,—but they had no po-
litical unity and the power of the feudal
system, soon overthrew them. At a
period a little later, a small confederate
republic was formed among the moun-
tains of Switzerland wliicb, by the most
remarkable displays of courage and pat-
riotism sustained itself against its royal
enemies, and has maintained its exist-
ence even to the present day.
In the free towns of Flanders and the
cities of the Hauseatic league, the demo-
cratic principle triumphed for a period
.in their internal Governineiit, but from
its origin it is evident that it was not
destined to take entire possession of so-
ciety. Pressed on every side by feudal-
ism, by powerful Barons and sovereigns
they were constantly obliged to act on
the defensive, and being unable’ to unite
for the common defense, they were for-
ced to make concessions to the feudalism
by which their republicanism was show
both of its beauty and strength. Some
other feeble attempts at republican organ-
ization have been made in Europe, but
not of a character to demand from us
particular notice on this occasion.
Let us now turn to our own Republic and
briefly contrast our position and charac-
ter with those of the free Goverinneuts
at whose history we have glanced. A
sli lit view shows us that in one respect
wgdtffer from all the Republics which
have been at all permanent in the liistoé
ry of the world, that is, in the extent 0
our republican territory. A territory
all of whose inhabitants have equa
rights and exercise equal autlivlqfity in
the affairs of the Goveriimeiit. ie re-
publican territory of each of the Repub-
lics of Greece, was limited to its capital.
The vast countries over which the eagles
of republican Rome spread their Wings.
received their laws and rulers from the
city, whose inhabitants arrogated to
themselves the prerogatiori of Supreme
l'|.lllG.G The city pf Vetnipq, whose Epil-
u at ovcrumen exis e or a nine on-
gcr period than any other of the Italian
Republics, was situated on a few small
Islands in the Adriatic, whence she sent
forth rulers to the extensive Provinces
over which she bore sway. But our re-
publican territory is coextensive with
the limits of our national authority.-—
From the lakes on the North to the Rio
G;-ande on the South, from the Atlantic
to the Pacific, wherever floats that bau-
uer which is the symbol of our union, it
floats over a free people, who claim and
exercise an equal share of power in the
Government of the Country. I am aware
that this fact has been urged as an argu-
ment against the permanency of our Re-
public, that in a democratic constitution
the mechanism is too complicated, the
motions too slow for the operations of
an extended empire, that the magnitude
extent and variety of the concerns of
such an empire demand more itimediate
execution and greater die patch in its de-
fence and Government than would 50
possible under such a Constitution.-_—
There is force in the argument. but If 15
destroyed in a great degree Ky 1-lhe‘;l_:5i:fi;
of a Federal Republic. W '0 ‘ ,
the country into States of comniodious
extent, and leaves to each State its in-
iemal legislation, reserving . to a Con-
ress of the States, the adjustment of
their relative claims and the control of
man"; of general concern. thus uniting
the liberty of a. small commonwealth,
with the strength, and safety, and glory,
of a powerful ination. Indeed, Fellow
Citizens. in the very cztenclof our re-
publican territory, (which filled some
minds with such fearful’ apprehensions
for the future.) and the division of this
territory into States, independent of each
other, excppt in certain weill define?
matters 0 common nations interee .
consists one of the principle grounds of
our safety, i'or_it tends to prevent such I
; ._-Q;
centrilization of power at any one point,
as to give to it supreme control over the
Nation, and in doing this, we avoid one
of the most powerful causes which led
to the overthrow of the liberties of for-
mer Republics. But here let it be re-
marked that as the strength of our Fgd-
eral Union and its ability to acompliah the
ends of its institution, depend on: the
fidelity of its several members,--to
iucorporate in the Union, States that
are without sympathy with the general‘:
current of national feeling—States tl)&:f:'_,.
can regard the general Government with
no seiitiiiieiits of filial confidence and
veneration and instead of seeking to
strengthen the bonds of our national uni-.
ty, would array themselves against the
common interests, this would be an ex-
periment fraught with imminent perils‘
to our Republic. The growth of a na-
tion to be healtlif-.:l and permanent must
be chiefly organic not by accretion.—-
One life essentially must pervade it in all
will beamere fortuituous assemblage.
united together no more closely than the
grains of the barren sand bill, which the
first tempest. may blow asunder in a
thousand directions. The stately’ tree
whose roots clasp the earth in a strong
and living embrace and at the some mo-
ment is shooting, up its branches, vigor-
ous and fruitful to the heavens, isa beau-
tiful type of what the growth of a nu-
tion should be, organic-—-progress connec.
fed with permanence, union with subor-
dination and not enlargement, by more
addition. Hence 1 repeat, to incorporate
into our Union, States whose inhabit-
ants are united to us by no ancestral bonds
and partake in no degree of the com-
mon national life, would be‘to disregard
the first laws of true national growth,
and introduce elements adapted to weak-
en the bonds of our national unity. We
would not be misunderstood.
joice to see State after State joining ‘it-
self to our union and hope to see yet
many new and powerful Commonwealth
enthroiied on the plains of the west; we
rejoice to extend the hand of welcome
to the oppressed of foreign Nations who
come to the sanctuary of Washington’:
home, the place of their retreat and yet
we would lift the warning voice
against the incorporation of States
which from their position, history and
natural cxcrescences on the body politic.
we would protest. against the addition of
a single star to our splendid galaxy,
whose natural attraction is towards any
other centre than that around which the
orb of our system revolves in ever in-
creasing brightness and beauty.
No, let our glorious Union continue
what it now is, not a mere aggregation
of communities held together by an out-
outward bond, but a living organism
whose growth iind development began
more than two centuries ago. A anion in
which the various States find ‘their con-
tre both of activity and rest. Around it
they revolve in their seperate orbits as
the planets around the sun. Then the
national will finds its authoritative ex-
pression and the public peace its natu-
ral protector, aud it cannot be destroyed
but by the introduction of elements that
shall corrupt and _ eat out all national
life or by some, earthquake shock that
shall break asunder all legal bonds and
hurling down our glorious institutions,
‘ shall not leave one stone upon another.
Such then is the extent of our republi-
can territory. Aud here let us inquire,
what means we have of diffusing‘ the
requisite knowledge over so vast a terri-
tory and through such a mighty mass of
teeming millions. The means which
the Ancient Republics employ,l here fail
But the invention of the Art of Printing
has placed in our hands an engine whose
sphere of action is coextensive with the
world, and whose power of proclaiming
results is limitless as the faculties ofrnan.
...an Engine which of itself is sufficient
to change the whole course of human af-
fairs. By means of ,_the Press, millions
of minds may be addressed at once and
an impulse given at the same moment to
the feelings of a whole Nation. Its im-
portance therefore, not only in operating
zation—not only in enlarging the basis
of free and equalable governments by in.
creasing the number of -those who un.
derstand their nature and value, but it;
iucalculable importance to the perms.
neucy of our free institutions, may be
readily seen. Public confidence in such’
Institutions, as we have already seen, can
,,~_lone give them stability. This confi-
denge cannot exist except there be some
medium of free communication between
the people agd. their Rulers, that they
may become feci1,‘_r0CIlly acquainted with
the sentiments and acts of each other.-—
Such a medium is furnished in I F180
Press, do we wish to circulate through-
out our widely extended l’-8l'flt°1’Y- "19
knowledge of iinportant fact! 01931’ 93-
planations of duty and stirring 3PP°3l9 "3.
the patriotism of the people. 7-339 PW"
comes to our aid and its echoes are
forthwitli heard in every corner of our
land. Thus it answers in our Re-
public the same, nay a far higher end
than the means employed by the An-
cients. We read with more calmness
man we hear. The thrilling tones of
the orator the emotions of the throng
around us, often hurry, us away..-
But here there is room for the exer-
cise of cool examination, deliberate judg-
me..;_ The impressions made are more
distinct and permanent than those we re-
ceive from spoken eloquence. The last,
often depart with the excitement of the
moment. The difference between spo-
ken and written eloquence, is as the dif-
ference between the thunder flash,
fixing all eyes and holding in suspense
all hearts, but in an instant vanishes; and
the light of the fixed stars which shine
more mildly in the firmament. but which
shine forever, and are ever present for no
to contemplate. We enjoy the benefit
of both, the ancients euJ°)'¢d ll” be" ‘
only of the former. W9 “'3? ,.
ha in aggion, at once vigorous and caught»
e,,.d__,hey were vigorous but were not
and could not be U111)’ °nl'Eh‘°n°d' 1“
this connection, I wouldtsay. a. word
concerninv thevinterests of Education.
While tin: Grecians, and to a certain
“gem, the Italians, were a. highly
cultivated people in all that apper-
tained to literature and the polite
arts, still they did not understand the
highest ends of education. The culture
the stages of its existence, else its parts-
We re- ,
character must necessarily exist as un-'
to widen the circle of science and civili-
therefcre _
Norwalk Chronicler