.3 ~
.t,4_~,‘-
day give peace and security to thirty-six‘
millions of people in Japan, have been in,
constant exercise with the like result.-l
Not a breach of public order is known to,
have happened since, they were founded.‘
The history of government, among m9ns:
does not present an instance of success or
stability like this. Much of the success
of the system is due to the circu
that although the government l_>e.n ,
ism, it is notadespotism of individual will,
but of law—-inflexible, immutable law.——
Another elernent of its success and strength
resides in the total separation of theitc'm-
poralities from the ecclesiastical coincerns
of the State. These were the device of
Tayko Sama, who, about the period already
indicated, partition"-d the empire into its
two grand divisions, lay and spiritual, and
so wisely and clearly defined the duties
and privileges of each. that not the
slightest collision between them has yet
occurred.
The organization
ment is admirable for its purposes.‘
head is the Dayrie or Mil.'add0,tlie spiritual
Emperor, who is regarded as the repre-
sentative of God on earth, and whose sti-
premacy is not to be questioned. That
admitted, no further concessions are de-
manded, and singular hospitality opens the
Japanese temples to stranger gods. “Nev-
er,"'says Mr. Meylan, “do we hear of any
religious dispute among the Japanese,
mutih less discern that they hear each other
any mutual hate on religious grounds.-
They esteem it, on the contrary, an act of
courtesy, to visit from time to time each
others gods and do them reverence.-—
While the Koeboe sends an embassy to
the Sinto temple at Tsie, to offer prayers
in his name to the invisible God, he assigns
‘of the spiritual depart-
’at the same time, a sum for the erection
of temples to Confucius; and the spiritual
_lCiiiperor allows strange Gods, imported
from Siam or China, to be placvd for the,
convenience of such as fuel a call to wor-,
mstance.
despot.-;
l
its,
"their purity.
of pardon for crime,imuch less the prerog-
ative, seeims not to e§lrist,gilnd'thel.:apapese,
individua ly, are imp aca e as t eir aws.
Forgiveness of an injury, Mr.i,M-eylan
declares to be unknown, or only known
to be denounced as a weakness or a sin.
The claims of honor according to their
own standard are (profounddly respected by
the Ja anese, an suici e is a common
atonemidnt for anything done or suffered
.in derogation of them. The sacrifiice is
ifre uently swelled bya plauding ant imi-
.tatiqng kinsmen of the diulprit. The Gov-
iernor of l\'zig:i.s!.i,_in 1808, illustrated the
‘power of the sentiment in his own person
land family. An English frigate had found
entrance to the harbor and detained as
prisoners the Dutch who boarded h- r, de-
lmanded fresh beef as a ransom. The beef
was furnislied, but the Governor, as soon
‘asthe Dutch under his protection were
‘released, anticipated disgrace and ruin by
ripping up his own bowels, and others of
his house solemnized the occasion by the
same ceremony. In this case Mr. Mcylan
supposes the Governor deemed liiiriself
too weal: to attack the vessel. It is cer-
tain he was surprised, for access to the
harbor for a ship without a pilot is consid-
ered next to impossible, and ll‘-e Dutch
annual tessel is always towed in by native
boats. The reviewer states further, that
the English Captain, warned of his danger
by the Dutch ivlioin he had thus unjusti-
fiably (letainecl, only escaped in time, for,
within a few hours, a force of fourteen
thousand armed men was mustered on the
:coast, and more than a hundred junks had
been collected to be sunk in the only chari-
tnel by which the frigate could regain the
0' en sea.
pThe Japanese have many of the arts in
a perfection not yet attained by their more
civilized cotemporaries. In those of smel-
ting and refining metals they excel——their
copper, iion and steel being celebrated for
Their manufactures of them
show uncommon slcill in the mechanic arts.
\
g———
From ‘V. Y. Tribune.
Ma. GALLATI __ THE VVAit.—The vene-
rable Albert. Gallatin—the bosom friend and life
long counsellor of Jefferson, Madison and Mon-
roe——the Democratic Caucus candidate for Vice
President in 1824—long since retired frpm pub-
lic life and from all active participation in politi-
cal struggles—-has sent forth from -_ seclusion a
pamphlet on “ Peace with Mexico,” which
ought to be placed by subscription in every fami-
ly in the United States. \Vritten before the
appearance of Mr. Clay’: Slit’-6.611. the_substan-
tial identity of the views and suggestions put:
fort.h by these two veteran Patriots and States-
men is remarkable. Mr. Gallatin carefully tra-
ces the whole history of our difficulties .with
'—.__.
ment, it must be admitted that statesmen
think a conformity to these usages which
constitute the law of nations, not as it
should be, but as it is practically, sufficient
tojustify their--conduct. And by that in-
ferior standard, these acts and our duties
in relation to Mexico will be tested.
2.—rnm:iuivi'riii:s TO THE CITIZENS or THE
UNITED STATES.
The United States had, and continue to
have, an indubitable right to demanda full
indemnity for any xx rongs inflicted on our
citizens by the Governtrft of Mexico, in vi-
glmion of treaties or of the t'lCl\'Il0\\'l(".(lgt.‘(l
Mexico; shows that, by the acknowledged law
of Nations, our annexation of Texas while she
was at war with Mexico was not merely acause
of war with Mexico but was an actual -waging
of war, and dissipates the atrocious pretence that
Texas in 1845 rightfully extended to the Rio
Grande by facts and arguments which it seems
impossible that an honest man should gaiusay.
It must. be that this pamphlet, iftlie friends of
Peace are but just to their cause in giving it the
widest possible circulation. will exert; an im-
mense influence over the undebused public sen-
timent of the country. \Vhei'ever t.liei'e is an
unsearcd conscience to operate upon, it is sure
to make an abiding impression. \Ve copy the
following introduction :
1.—-Tiii-: LA\V or NA'l‘l0;\‘S.
~ it seems. certain that Mexico mtist tilti-
mately submit to such terms of peace as
the United States shall dictate. A hetero-
geneous population of seven millions, with
very limited resources, and no credit; dis-
tracted by internal dissensions, and by the
ambition of its chiefs, a prey by turns to
anarchy and to military iisnrpers; occii-
pying among the nations of the civilized
world, either physically or mentally,
whether in political education, social state,
or any other respect, but an inferior posi-
iion; cannot contend siiccessfully with an
energetic, intelligent, enlightened and uni-
‘ted nation of twenty millions, possessed
:of unlimited resources and credit, and en-
laws of nations. The negotiations for sat-
iisfying those just demands, had been in-
lterrupted by the annexation of Texas.--
lVVhen an attempt was subsequently made
‘to renew them, it was therefore just and
‘proper, that both subjects should he dis-
lcuss'-d at the same time: and it is now ab-
solutely necessary, that those just claims
,should be fully provided for, in any treaty
of peace that may be concluded, and _that
the payment should be secured against any
possible contingency. I take it for gran-
ted that no claims have been, or shall be
sustained by onr'Government, but such as
are fonndedon treaties or the r.c!.nowl-
edged law -of nations.
Whenever a nation becomes involved in
war, the manifestoes and every other pub-
lic act issued for the purposes of justifu
ing its conduct. always embrace every
ground of complaint which can possibly be
-alledgcd. But-adrriitting that the refusal
to satisfy the claims for indemnity of our
‘citizens migl t have beeqa just cause of
lwnr, it is most Certain, that those claims
lwere not the cause of that in which we
‘lure now involved. .
lt may be proper, in the first place, to
iobscrve, that the refusal of doing justice,
;in cases of this kind, or the long delays in
lproviding for them, have not generally
l
1
Gen. Scott complains that the amount
of his force has been greatly exaggerated.
“This army,”,he says, “has been more
disgusted than surprised that, by some sin-
ister process on the part of certain indi-
viduals at home, its numbers have been
generally almost trebled in our public pa-
pers—-beginning at \Vasliington.” This
is a just rebuke. It will be remembered
that the Union persisted in alleging that
Gen. Scott would have under his command,
and capable of being brought into ‘action
at least 15,000 men. As less than half
that number participated in the glorious
achievements under the walls of Mexico,
it is but natural and just that the gallant
General should feel sensitive upon this
poi_nt. “ The fewerjthe men the greater
share of honor,” was the inspiriting argu-
ment of a hero of the past; and as it is
equally true now as then, the “few”
should have cheerfully awarded to them
the honor they have earned.
Tlie P_i,u‘aii.icl of l'Var.—The “Halls of
Montezumas” echo to the wild shout of
victory! Tlie cup of glory is at last full.
We have arrived at the goal of our ambi-
tion. Let us stand upon the hill tops and
look down upon the paths we have ascen-
ded, and the monumwzlullyrumids by the
way Let us only gaze upon the “ mortal
remains” of the killed and wounded, leav—
ing the crowded hospitals out of view!
PALO ALTO--100!
M ON T E R. E Y—5(l0.'
RUENA VIUT.-\——800l
VERA CRUZ CITY——l'70.'
C E R R O G O R 1) O—700.'
CHURUllUSC() IlI(-.iH'-l'S—1]00l
CIT Y O F M E X I C ()——1600l
There now, reader, jive I/l()?l.S‘a'~d two
/iund-rcd and sertnty men struck down in
regular battles, without computing the loss
in skirmislies and from sickness. Besides
this, we have created a national debt of
one /zumlréd amljijly millions of dollars,
IMPORTANT FROM MEXICO. .
The N. O. Picayune of the 24th ult. announ-
ces the arrivnl ofthe steamer Alabama, which
left Vera Cruz on the 18th, with dates from the
Capital to the 8th, five days later. The news
is interesting and important. Maj. ‘Gen. Quit-
man, Gen. Shields, Cols. Harney. Garland, An-
drews, Morgan, Ramsey and Burnet.t,: Major
Dykeman and Lieuts. Porter and Sweeny of
the N. Y. Volunteers, Capt. Cassius M. Clay
and Maj. Borland of the Encarnation prisoners.
with Passed Midsliipinan Rogeirs and Geo. \V.
Kendall, arrived in the Alabaniu.
Gen. Quitmun leaves Mexico under orders
from Gen. Scott, that this much distinguished
and most efficient: officer proceed to the Uni-
ted States and report personally or by letter to
the \Var Deparrinent, that since his promotion
no perinanent assignment of a division has been
uwuided to him, and the object of°his return is
to seek this. ‘
Gen. Shields returns to seek recovery from
his wounds. Col. Huriiey returns for recruits.
Cols. Giirliiiid, M organ and Burnett, and Lieuts.
Putter, Sweeney, and others, are ordered to join
Bragg’s Battery iniinedizitely.
No less than 250 fioiri the Army, including
10 sick mid tlisuliled or wounded, came passen-
gers on board the Alabama. '
There has been but little annoyance. from the
guerrillas since the atfl'air ut fluainantla and At-
lisco. . ’
A Mexican Courier was cnjzfurcd with let-
ters at Lcsca. Among ill( in wt re docizint i t of
s‘am.~. Anna‘, in \Vl1i( li l'iesu_vs thatjust is he had
matured plains for attacking Pcrole, he received
the order of the Supreme Goveriiment to turn
. over the cominuiid ot'tli‘e army.
The Republlcano, tbublislied at the Capital,
on the 4th says flint. sufficient nunibcrs had ar-
rived to organize (.‘oiigr(-ss.
It was rcporft-d at Vera Cruz that General
Lane had ttllotllt‘-I‘ bi ush with Ron, near Peubla,
and routed him entirely.
Gen. Pattci'son was still at Juliipn, suffering
somewhat, but icvovm-iiig. _
Gen. Cu.-hing‘s coinmand was three miles be-
ond ; the entire force in the vicinity being about
3,000.
The report that Jaiiiutn has seitt n commis-
sioner to Gen. Patti-.i'son is confirined.
\Vliat was left of the division of Gen. Quit-
ijoy-;,,g an we bemfits of a regular, suong2produced actual war. Almost always
;long protracted negotiations have been
land free government. All this was antici-
man at the Capital has been iI‘.COl‘]‘02'fll’€d with
to Say nmhmg oi millions lfjniopefy’ 1051 the divisions of \Vorth and Twiggs. Pennsyl-
ship them, in the same temples with thei-
Japanesc. If it be asked, whence this tol-
erance originates and by what it is main-
tained'l—l reply from this, that worship-
pers of all pcrsuasions in Japan acknowl-
edge and obey one superior, namely, the
llayrie or Spiritual Emperor. As the
representative and lineal descendant of
God on earth, he is himself an object of
worship, and as such he protects equally
all whose object it is to venerate the Dei-
ty; their mode of doing so being indiffer-
ent to him.” Mr. Meylan divides the re-
ligious opinions of Japan into two classes,
the Sinto and the Boedso; the former
being the sect which has been established
there from time iminernorial, and the lat-
ter including the multiform notions impor-
i.ed from lndia and China. One of the
results of the religious toleration of the
Japanese has been .greatly to abiidge the
profession of the ancient faith.
sixty-one temples in Nagasaki, only seven
belong to the Sinto persuasion. The
functions of the office of the 1)a_vrie are
performed by an official, denominated the
Kevan‘ bakf, who also represents his per-
son, for the Duyrie himself is a perpetual
prisoner in his palace at Miako, except
upon occasions, “few and far between,”
ofa visit to a certain’ temple. His con-
finement is solaced by a wife and twelve
concubines.
The exclusion of the nominal from the
real executive seems a feature of Japanese
econmy, for the Koeboe, or lay Emperor,.
is permitted as little interference in the
actual adminisiration of the civil govern-
ment, of which he is in theory the head,
as is the Dayrie in the ecclesiastical. Like
the Dayrie, he too is little better than a
prisoner in his palace at Jeddo. The real
power of the civil administration resides
in seven counsellors of the first class, six
of the second, and two others, whose duty
has been mentioned, namely, to guar
against any 1‘eviral of the Christian reli-
gion in the empire. A prime minister
presides over this cabinet, aid, in case of
difference of opinion among its members,
the question is referred to the arbitration
-——not of the Empei-or—‘but of three of his
nearest relations, which ofcourse includes
the heir apparent. With this council the
governors of- the sixty-eight provinces of
the empire communicate, or rather their
secretaries, to whom again the real admin-
istration is confided. The Japanese have
been wise enough to repress a disturbing
element, ambition, by not making their
these governors, whose offices are heredi-
Out Of'
"l he blades of their national weapon, the
sabre, are quite equal to the best of those
of Damascus; and the wares, to which the
'Empire gives nnm€, are not equalled else-
where. The finer products of European
art are imitated by them, and telescopes,
theriuoineters and clocks are manufactur-
ed at Niigiisalti. Mr. Meylan saw one of
the latter, made there in 1S2'7-as a present
for the Emperor, which was five feet long
and three high; it exhibited a varied land-
scape aiid a golden sun; on the stri ing of
the hour a bird clapped its wings, a mouse
issued from a cave and climbed a moon-
tain, and a tortoise /iastencd slowly to point
the hour upon the dial l
ln agriculture they are superior, and the
countrv is cultivated like a garden to the
hill tops. The soil rewards the labors of
the tiller by yielding in equal perfection
the tropics and of southern Europe. - The
radish attains the weight of forty pounds.
They have also in extraordinary perfec-
tion the art of producing miniature speci-
mens of trees and shrubs. Mr. Meylan
l
l
I
I
l
or, a box three inches long by one wide,
in which were flourishing a fir tree, it barri-
boo, and a plum trce—the latter in blos-
som!
Many of their tastes are refined, and
gthey are dilligent collectors of coins and
‘pictures. The Governor of Tamba has a
lfine cabinet of European coins, and in Jed-
:do, Mr. Fischer saw a collection of old
;Europeun engravings which had been
lpreserved one hundred and fifty years in
‘the family of the proprietor. They pos-
s, and the cm-
lsess museums and librarie
i
ithe scholars of the country thirsting for
linformation. Once indeed it was subject
lto a scientific examination by the whole
‘faculty of royal astrologers, and thepl'iysi-
lcinn of the embassy was kept upon the
{stand five hours by sixteen of his brother
‘professers. All classes enjoy instruction
iin the public schools, and in no country in
:the world is the art of writing so general-
fily diffused.
5 Perhaps nothiiig more decidedly proves
=tlie superior civilization of the Japanese in
;contrast with other Oriental nations, than
lShe is the companion, not the slave of
lman, and presides on all occas ons of so-
lcial festivity. Mr. Fischer commends
them for their skill and prudence as house-
The samsil or guitar is even more invaria-
bly a part of female education than the pi-;
l
l
and abundance the vegetable products of-
saw offered for sale to the Dutch Govern-.
bussy at every stage was called upon by-
!the station allotted to the female in Japan.’
i' l>.' ' I‘ -‘.3 ~__..
civil digmties posts ofease or profit; lienceikeeperstand for me" fidellly ‘l*‘ ‘‘ "9"
pated; but the extraordinary successes
oftlie Americans have exceeded the most
sanguine expectations. All the advanced
posts of the enemy, New Mexico, Califor-
nia, the line of the lower Rio del;Norte, &.
all tlie"sea ports, which it was deemed
necessary to occupy, have been subdued.
And a small force, apparautly incompetent
to the object, has penetrated near three
hundred miles into t_he interior, and is now
in quiet possession of the far famed me-
tropo'is ofthe Mexican doininions. The
superior skill and talents of our distin-
guished generals, and the unparalled brave-
ry of our troops, have surmounted all ob-
stacles. By whomsoever commanded, on
either side, however strong the positions
and fortifications of the Mexicans and
with a tremendous numerical superiority,
there has not been a single engagement, in
_\\'lll(‘.ll they have not been compl ttcly de-
feated. The most remarkable and unex-
pected feature of that warfare is, that vol-
untcers, wholly undisciplined in every
sense of the word, have vied in devoted-
ness and bravery with the regular forces,
and have proved themselves in every in-
stance, superior in the open field to the
,best regular forces ofMexico. These for-
ces are now annihilated rr dispersed; and
the Mexicans are reduced to a petty war-
fare of G-uerillas which, however annoy-
ging, cannot be productive ofaiiy important
ifresults.
l It is true, that these splendid successes
lliave been purchased at a price far exceed-
ling their value.
lthe glory of these military deeds, nor the
inltimate utility of our conquests can com-
lpensate the lamentable loss of the many
lthousund valuable lives sacrificed in the
field, or the still greater number who have
!met with an obscure death, or been disa-
I bled by disease and fatigue. It is true that
itheir relatives, their parents, their wives
land childr°cn, find no censolation, for the
gmisery inflicted upon them, in the still
fgreater losses experienced by the Mexi-
lcans. But if, disregarding private calam-
gities and all the evils of a general nature,
lthe necessary consequences of this war,
lwe revert solely to the relative position of
ithe two countries, the impotence of the
‘Mexicans and their total inability to con-
tinue the war, with any appearance of suc-
cess, are still manifest. '
,, The question then occursl VVhnt are
the terms which the United States have a
lriglit to impose on Mexico’! All agree
i that it must be an “honorable peace;” but
the true meaning of this word must in the
first place be ascertained.
l
l
l
v
I
l
It is true that, neither-
falso re.-orted to. This has been striking-
fly the case \\ ith the U. States. The claims
;of Great Britain for British debt, secured
lby the treaty of 1783, were not settled and
:paid till the years 1803 ; and it was only
isubseqnent to that year, that the claims of
the United States, for depredations com-
mitted in 1793, were satisfied. The very
plain question of slaves, carried away by
the;British forces in 1815, in open viola-
tion of the treaty in 1814, was not settled
and the indeninity paid ti l the year 1826.
The claims against France for depredations
committed in the years 1806 to 1803, were
not settled and paid for till the year 183-1-
In all those cases, pence was preservtd by
patience and forbearance.
With respect to the Mexican indemni-
ties, the subject has been laid down more
than once before Congress, not without
suggestions that strong measures should
be resorted to. But Congress, in whom
alone is vested the power ofdeclaring war,
uniformly declined doing it.
A convention was entered into on the
llth of April, 1839, between the United
States and Mexico, by virtue of which a
joint commission was appointed for the
examination 8.: settlement of those claims.
The powers of the Commissioners termi-
nated, according to the convention, in Feb-
ruary, 1842. the total amount of the
‘lmerican claims, presented to the coin-
niission, amounted to $6,259,605. Of
these, $2,026,]-l-O were allowed by the
commission; a further sum of $028,628
was allowed by the commissioners of the
United States, rejected by the Mexican
commissioners, and left undecided by the
umpire, and claims amounting to $3,333,
837 had not been examiiietl. .
A new convention dated January 30,
1843, granted to the Mexicans afurther
{delay for the payment of the claims which
Ehad been admitted, by virtue of which the
=interest due to the claimants was made
;p:iyable on the 30th April, 18-1-3, and the
‘principal of the awards, and the interests
‘accruing thereon, was stipulated to be paid
-in five years, in tweiity equal instalments
,every three months. The claimants re"-
'ceived the interest due on the 30th April,
1843, and the three instalments. The
agent of the United States having under
peculiar circumstances, given a receipt for
the instalments due in April and July, 18-1-4-
before they had been actually paid by
Mexico, the payment has been assumed by
the United States and discharged to the
claimants.
A third convention
was concluded at
and captured by the enemy! This is the
first act of the grand drama, the new glo-
ries of which are yet to be seen, and un-
folded as this lovely war progresses.
S!eamers.—Tlie Mountaineer, it seems
has been sold—sorry to bear. She was
well adapted to this route, and under the
direction of Capt. Frazee and 2d Capt.
Rockwell, seemed to be just the thing.-
Tlie Eureka is running here at present,
lot of consc, ti different arrangement will
soon be made. The Thomas Powell, the
Niagara, or the Roger VVilliams, will prob-
ably be engaged for the coming seuson—
so ewe hear. The first named is reported
to be the fastest boat, of her size, now
afloat, and the others are not slow.
Bri(lgPp:.r£ Standard.
ll"ar Debt.—The Administration seems
disposed to put the best possible face on
the expenses of the i\’exican War. The
Union states that the whole VVar debt now
due, for the past eighteen months of hos-
tilities. is but a little over I1l,'(.’fIl_2/.S‘€‘l,'P7l mil-
lions of rlollars. This statenteni, however,
the ‘V511: The National lntelligencer es-
tirrmtes the gross expenditures, 0 2 account
of the war, for eighteen months, at ur-
wards of one lmnclrcd n.7'llz'ons of dollars.
./I State Trial Tln'(alcnccl.—Tlic Nation
ul Whig, understands “ that Col. Benton
has remarked that this trial of Fremont
will lead to a State trial before it is done.
Wliat can he mean? I.‘-oes he threaten an
impeachment of the Executive’! Some
say this is the meaning.”
The sameipaper says——“ \Ve learn that
Gen. Kearney brought only one charge
against Frt~mont—thnt of disobedience of
oi'ders—and that all the other charges
come from the Executive. \Vhat will the
great Missougian think of this 7. ’
The Louisville (Ky.) Examiner, says—
“ The parts of Mr. Cla_v’s speech that elic-
ited the rnostapplause were those which
announced that he would have died rather
than have voted for a lie, and which de-
nonnced slavery'and the extcn-.-i'on of slate-
ry.” The editor adds in the same notice
Mexico on the 20th November, 1843, by"
itarv, take the earliest possible opportunity ,‘ .1‘
‘ -- - . - ~ lburo e.
to ab.:icate in favor of their sons. 'Iheg”n° 0 , P , , , _
secretaries take alternate turns of residence led °°“°"b"'es “'”l“"” l'm"t “‘l“ll°r3’ ”‘
at the seats of their rrovernment and atillle l°"”’l" '5 l""”Sl‘°‘l by d""“ll'
l I ' u
the capital, their wivesoand families, how-l [he Emlllle °f J“P”“ comlmses
ever, always remaining at Jeddo as hosta-
;'_res Ytlfiile in the provinces they
closely watched by spies of the govern
ment, forbidden all communion with the
other sex, and their hours ofrising, eating,
sleeping, &c., are prescribed by inflexible-
rule.
A system ofespionage probablypervades
the empire. At Nagasaki Mr. Meylan ob-l
served and thus described it: “Not oil rl - - . . .
- _- 15:4... The military. 5. fho civil off-
is the head of every faintly answerable;cem in w,. h l_‘_ M M ,l_ .
for his children,his servants,and the stran-l " “C . eds ‘ r’ ‘ 03 im .1".
_ l. . . . . .cludcs the polite circles, &c. 6. 'l he
get nithin his gates, but, the city beingrtmders .7 Th , 't. 8 T, I b
divided into collections of five families,‘ ' ' ' ear ‘Sam’ ' lc d or"
every member of such division is respon-
the
me \Vith Corea, once an undoubted iippendiige
lto the eirpire, its relations hate been so
Eequivocal since the civil wars that it is,
lperhaps, a part of Japan only in a qualified
sense.
'l he population exceeds thirty five mil-
glions, and is divided into eight classes.-
1. The ‘reigning princes or govern-
2. The nobility. 3. The pries-ts.——
:efS.
,heriditary—the son succeeds to the occu-
While the men are allow-l
lthree islands of Nipon, Sicoco and K.isknu.,
The notion that any thing can be truly
ghonerable which is contrary to justice,
iwill as an abstract proposition, be repudi-
fated by every citizen in the United States
!\Vill any any one dare to assert that a
jpence can be honorable, which does not
‘conform withjustice'!
There is no difficulty in discovering the
principles by which the relations between
civilized and Christian nations should be
regulated, and the reciprocal duties whicli
they owe to each other. Thes-.: princi-
ples, these duties have long since been
proclaimed; and the true law of nations,
is nothing else than the. cooformitv to the
sublime precepts of the Gospel morality,
precepts equally applicable to the relations
between man an man, and to the inter-
course between nation and nation.
“Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thy
self.”
the Plenipotentiaries of the Governments,
by which provision was made for ascer-
taining and paying the claims, on which
no final decision had been made. In Jan-
uary 1844-, this convention was ratifird by
the Senate of the United States, with two
amendments, which were referred to the
Government of Mexico, but respecting
which no answer has ever been made. On
the 1:2th of April, 1844- a treaty was con-
cluded by the President with Texas, for
the annexation of that republic to the
United States. This treaty, though not
ratified by the Senate, placed the two
countries in a new position, and arrested
for a \\-hi'e all negotiation.-. lt was only
on the 1st of March, 1845, that Congress
gassed a joint resolution for the annex-
fltlfln. ‘
it appears most clearly, that tlze United
iion or punishment operates as a strong
‘ All these positions and pursuits are
sible for the conduct of the others; and
in consequence, that which, according to.
European ideas, would be tie height of
indiscretion, becomes here the duty of
every man; for every extraordinary oc-
currence which falls out in ii household is
reported by foi.ir curious witnesses to the.
members of the civil administration.-
llouse arrest is the usual penalty of irreg-
olurity thus reported, and a severe one --
The doors and windows of the offender’s
house are closed, generally for a hundred
days, his employments are suspended, sal-
airy, ifany, stopped, and the friend and the
barber alike forbidden entrance." The
utter hopelessness of escape from detec-
incentive to obedience to the laws, and in
Nngaski, under this system, property and
pursuit are singularly secure. '1 he idea
’haughty, superstitious, revengeful, cruel
lpation of the father, and no amount of
merit can elevate him ‘above the class in
wliich he was born.
The national character is thus summed
up by Mr. t\'leylan:—“Cunning, polite,
suspicions, reserved, sensual, impatient,
in cold blood, on the one side; on the
other, just and honest, patriotic, exempla-
ry in the relations of parent and child, firm
friends, and probably not deficient in cour-
age.”
./9 '1'wo-Sided Compliment —A rustic who
had never before tasted ice cream, was
helped by a lady at an evening party to a
plate of “ unsuccessful frigid mil -," under
its usual simple designation of “cream."
“ Your cream is very sweet,” said he,“ but
States are justly entitled to a full indem-
“ As vpu
would that men should do unto you, do-nity for‘ the injuries done to their citizens
“Love your enemies.”
yeyalso unto them likewise.” The sanc-
tity of these commands is aslinowledged
without a single exception, by every dc-
nomination of Christians, or of men pro-
fessing to be such. The "sceptical phil-‘
osopher admits and admires the precept.
To the holy rule we shoud inflexibly ad-
here when dictating the terms of peace.
The United States, though they have the
power, have no right to impose terms in-
consistent with justice. It would be a
shamefuldereliction of principle, on the
part of those who were averse to the an-
nexation ofTexas, to countenance any at-
tempt to claim an acquisition of territory,
or other advantage, on account of the suc-
cess of our arms.
aint it a leetle fetched with frost Y”
but in judging the acts of our Govern-
—tliat, before the annexation of Texas,
there was every prospect of securing that
indemnity; and that, these injuries, even
if they had been a just cause for war were
in no shape whatever the cause of that
in which we are now involved.
Are the United States justly entitled to
an indemnity for any other cause’! This
question cannot be otherwise solved, than
by an inquiry into the facts, and ascertain-
ing by whom and how, the war was pro-
voked.
Ii’ecepti'on of Gen. 7a_i/lor.—The Miinici-
palauthorities of New Orleans are making
preparations to give a brilliant reception
to General Taylor. whose arrival there is
of the speech, “ Let those (.‘l.S‘t’Lt'llL7’e who
lane for 1-‘ital: soil, but do tlieir duty, and
inever will the curse [of slaver_v] blarkcn
,‘a foot of Mexican land by our conquest.”
l Cirard College.——Yesterd;iy wasthe first
{day fixt-d upon by the Directors for receiv-
'ing applications for the admission of or-
phans into the College, and we understand
.that a very large number were presented.
The Directors will meet on 'the l5Ili inst.
to elect a President, Matron, Steward and
i'l'eachers of the lnstitution; and the Col-
'lege will be opened on the. 1st of January
for the reception of orphans, under the
provision of Mr Girard’s Will.
Pliilud. .’V'ew3.
A writer in the Globe, speaking of
Michigan, says there is not a Whig in the
Senate of New York. and only half a do-
zsn in the House. Locofocoism
ficie:.tly strong in that State, without
claiming more than belongs to it. The
VVhigs have one Senator, and fifteen Rep-
resentatives—a gain of two Representa-
tives since last year. The canvass of next
year will tell a better story.
Hudson River Iia.-'lroarI.—-We learn that
two of the most important cases in litiga-
tion between the Hudson Railroad Compa-
ny, and the owners of land on the line of
the road, have been decided as follows :—
Mr. Cruger who claimed $65,000
has been awarded $6,750; and the Rev.
Dr. Creighton who claimed $4,625 has
been awarded $2,625.
Sz'n.ccri'l_y vs. .Manners.-—Judge Conrad,
once canvassing the fourth district, accos
ted a blunt common-looking fellow whom
he solicited for his vote, the plain elector
replied “I cannot give you my support; I
admire your abilities, but d—n your prin-
ciples.” The Judge instantly returned,
“my friend,I admire your sincerity, but
d-—-n your manners.”
Some Clergymen in Maine showed their
estimate of Gov. Dana’s Proclamation
against the freedom of speech by declining
to read it and raading that of Gov.‘ Briggs
expected early in December.
of Mass. in its place.
fails to give a correct view of the cost of
is suf-
vziniu and New York Volunteers with the for-
incr.
A revolution lind broken out at Guadiilaxnru,
in favor oftho election of Farius to the Presi-
dency. A siingiiinary cngagcinciit ensued be-
tween his troops uiid mob headed by Pi'ics's.-—-
In the action Gen. Ainpudiu, and many others
of Fui'iu‘s pai*f._v, were killed. The Church par-
ty was victorious. Pfll'L‘tl(.‘S has openly pro-
nounced in favor of Moniircliy. seconded by the
;_rui'i'ison at. Mazatlan. Some of the Mexicans
have still an unqueiiclinhle hatred fortlie Amer-
icans, and express no desire for peace.
The Mexican Con,r_rress at Quci-ctnro has re-
ladolid,) now Capital ofthc State of Michoncan.
Geiis. R on and Santa Anna, with a brigade
u re at Orizaba, intending to attack the next
train. "
Busfainente has gone to Qucretaro, and base.
force off: 000 men at his coinniaud.
Czinalcs \vr.s cncoi'.nfei'cd near tl:e capital by
:11 sinu_ll Ainci-icnn force and dcfeiitgrl with some
oss.
I"l’(;7)l tlic Boslon Atlas. .
C-'us.’om Ifouse I.'e'7‘c7i.c/i‘mcnt.—Tlie N.
Y. Express says that Mr. Secretary \Val-
ker has issued orders, directing a reduc-
tion of ten per cent to be made in the na-
ges of those employed in the various Cus-
tom Houses tlirougliont the country. The
reduction is applicable only to laborers,
and those of small salaries.
The Seci'etar_v, we i.n:ie:s::ind, expects
to save from seventy-five to one hundrt d
thousand dollars by this one turn of the
screw.
This is “saving at the spiggot" while the
trons‘ re cfthe Nation is escaping “through tiie
bnnghole.” \Vhile thus ]'iilfei'iiig a few thou-
l
sand dollars from‘L:iborers, the Govcrnincnt is
luvishing millions upon Cor.ti'actoi's and Specu-
lators. The poor man‘s ten or twelve shillings
a day is cut down, but the plump, overgrown Of
fice-holder enjoys his higli..salary umnolesfcd !
And this, too, from an Administration that was
created by the “toiling ui':llions," because it as-
sumed tho name of Democracy.
Gen. Pillow was wounded at the battle
of Chapultepec. It is to be hoped that,
amid.-t all the casualties of the war in
Mexico this fact may be rem_enibered.--
The General, liiniseif, alludes to the cir-
cumstence .s-la: different times in his last
despatch, and takes occasion modestly to
say, ‘ whife more labor or greater exposure
liasjallcn lo tlie lot If few rficers in (lzis
valley l/tan myself, surely none have been
more ably supported by their personal
staff.”——'l'liis Gen. Pillow-—the law part-
ner of President l’olk—appears not to be
a whit less vainglorious than Poll<’s other
General—Santa Anna.
William Brown, late second mate ofthe
bark Fame, of New London, was arrested
at Rio Janeiro, by Gorhom Parks, Ameri-
can consul, and has arrived at Philadel-
phia, where he has been put under $1000
bai', to be tried for having been engaged
in the slave trade. ’l he Fame made a
voyage from Rio in February last, to the
east coast of Africa, and took 5 or 600
slaves to Cape Frio, in Brazil. The cap-
tain, Anthony Parks, escaped, as did the
crew, except Browne and Luther Toole,
n he is held in Philadelphia to testify, and
Plunkett, the first mate, who was sent to
Norfolk in frigate Columbia.
.412 Elopemenl.——The daughter. ofa well
cently eloped with a young gentleman, an
cles of New York and Boston.
has excited no little sensation among what
is styled the “ fashionable circles.” It is
said to have been another exemplificafion
of the truth of the old adage—“ Love
aughs at locksmiths.”
Rev. Samuel Ripley, of.Concord, N. 11.,
died of an appoplectic fit, iii his chaise,
while returning with his daughter from the
day evening. He was 60 years Old,
and
leaves a large family. .-
T—— .
. The Boston Post siiys, “ Santa Anna let
loose 2000 scounerels from the prisons,"
when our army entered Mexico. But who
let loose that prince of the '
Anna himself‘!
moved to the city of Morclin, (the ancient Val- -
known merchant in Pearl street, N. Y. re-_
artist, and well known in the literary ci_r- _
The affair_'
railroad depot in that town, on Wednes-ii
gang; ‘Santa '-
Norwalk Chronicler