,views and suggest plans in accordance withwhat
2:12..-W.-2--v-_;_;-r _-.__- ~
John M. Niles.
ON THE NATIONAL FINANCES.
In the Senate ofthe United Stalcc, on Thurs-
day last the fo‘.lo=.ving resolution, submitted by
Mr. Cameron, of Pennsylvania, came up for
cor.sidc'-.'al.3on :
Rcsolzrcrl, That the Secretary of the Treasu-
ry be director} to report to the Senate, on what
articles emliraccd in the tariffact of 1846 the
duties can be increased bcyond the existing rates
so as to augment the revenue; and to What ex-
:._-‘ --..
tent the said C.uties can be increased, and what:
additional I'e‘.'enuc would accrue therefrom.
In the course ofihe debate on this resolution,
Mr. Niles, the Locofuco Senator from Connec-
ticut, :=.d-'.lrcsse:l the Senate as follows. \Vetoko
his remarks as roporte-.;l in the National Intelli-,
gencer: -
Mr. Niles, said notwithstanding the intimation ;
thrown out by some ofhis honorable friends that:
time ought not to be consumed in debate upon 3;
resolution of this kind,I1o. for one, was very glad
to avail himself‘ of this opportunity to say a few '
words, which micht as well be said upon this
occasion, he though, as upon any other, on the!
subject generally of finances. He was well‘
aware. as every hon. Senator must be, that this
subject belonged more appropriately to the olherj
end of the Capitol; at the same time, it was;
perfectly compeleut to a member of this body,
if not to originate bills at least to propose enqui-
ries; if not to frame a law, at least present‘ his
he conceived the interests oftho country requir-
ed, in relat".on to lhe subject of the finances of
the Government. He was uotdisposed, howev-
er, to go very fully into the subjectat. this time.
He was very llappy, however, to have an oppor-
tunity to say a few words in relation to it. He
had no particular sol;citudc in regard to this res-
olution, either one way or the other. It propos-i
ed an enquiry certainly which would call them!
back to the proceedings of the last session-an,
enquiry into the modifications and changes which l that they could go on in this way, without know- l P61581106; 9-0 °XP91'Im9“I 9I"3“dY 9-‘IPIOIGCI 83 «
might. be advaatzigeuiisly mule in a law of the}
lastsession. But his views in rezard to that‘
law had l);-.e:i fully expressed at that time, and
he did not intend to renew the arguments which ,
had been used. He con:=.u-ra_l w.th the Pres-
ide 1t——.-"orbo was ehirely free rom the tranim.-sis
of parry vows. and looked only to what he can-
siderel the gr-re it interests of the country, her
financial at: .1 ii1;l:1st;'izii intomsts, anl wish:—::I0th-
er Senators co;1l:l S‘l_3‘ the .-:a:n:\.—-he fully cou-
currz-,.l, he re,:c.ite:l. with the President in the
desire £111‘: the t:u-ill'ac1' oi‘ last session. (lhat act
having been l):1=3S-OI a:rl became the law of the
land) should re:u.xin. at least until such time as
it should b.':fi1?:*l_',‘ to.-;tc.l. He should clilferwith
Pl'GSl(I.l21C po;'l1.v.p.;. a.; to what \vould be the re-
sult ofth ll: test. bun l12x".'a.~s '.vil;in;_§tl1at it should
have a f.-Jr trial. 'Ie cl;-:l not wish to disturb
either the principle or the details of that law at
present; buttlze qu..-stion which he wished to,
present to the Se:-1-:1‘-3 and the country was this:
and it was a grave qu ccltiou--w.‘-_1etl1er that law, I
or any o‘-glier ir.t.cz1cle'.l as the basis of a revenue‘
system in a state 02" p rice, ought to trammel thel
action ofthc two Houses of Congress when a.’
state of peace no l§).Ig'.’.l‘ e\'isre;l—-wlmn the Cl!‘-i
cumstances oftbc 'co:..n::'_',' were entirely chang-
ed; '~'\'l2ti‘-1‘-:‘a8i'C'«0u,.'_':'e.~'. souglit. in consequence of‘
the existence of ilmt law. to stand before the
W01'ld. itzviewc-l‘ fi.a:'eig-'1 cozintries and of the
whole Ame." n propli-.. as being entirely pow-
erless ou thi: ._ ct ofrc.-.-onue for the uses of
the Go.’e‘~.‘;i;nr:m in iii‘-“.3 of war. That was the
question w l1'.c'.1 he '.vZs.l1o:it'J submit. Now, what
was the scheme ‘.‘.‘l‘.icl1 was presented to the con-
sideration of Cozigrcss to supply the Treasury,
at a time \Vll‘.Ei'l fl.-.e c-.r.mtry was engaged in an
expensive war.’ I: appeared to be supposed that
the action of C;);igre53 was circumscribed, that
their I1.‘LLlCl:‘ \'.'el‘L' t':c.l up, that there was nothing
rain-siting to whlr.-‘:1 they could look for revenue
but the small and meagre list of free articles,
\Vit‘.1reg:-ird .0 th it. I8 11 UI no pa:'t?cul:ir obiec-
.1
policy of the Executive branch of this Govern-
ment to carry on this war exclus'iv6l)f by loans,
without providing any additional revenue, in any
shape or form whatever. VVell, sir, I am total-
.ly opposed to any such policy. I am opposed to
lit, as destructive of the powers of this Govern-
ment, and as inimical to the prosecution of the
this war, and I believe that the best thing to be
done, and without which every thing else will
be unavailing is, to invigorate yoazr Treasury ; to
have a revenue which is adapted to the condition
ofthe country. I believe, sir, that in the pres-
- eut state of your Treasury, this war must lan-
gulsh.
And, sir, I must say that I am extraordinarily
condition now has been owing to the emptiness
ofthe Treasury, and to this cause alone. \Vhy
were not these ten regiments called for at an
earlier period? Why are they not now form-
ing a part of our army 3 Why was not not that
army are this put in a condition to strike a deci-
sive blow, or, at any rate, during the present fa-
vorable eeaaon of the year’! It cannot now be
done: we must wait another year; and, sir, I
know of no reason but the .feebleness of the
Treasury why we have not been in a condition
to act with a force adequate to the object in view.
I attribute it to that, and to that alone.
wuritself. I am for a vigorous prosecution of
adapted our laws to it; but we have not done so,
and we are now told that we cannot do it. \Vell,
what. then can be zione? There is no pxo,‘IOSl-
tior. for any other mode of indirect taxation, and
I believe there are enough in both Housas of
Congress who believe that this great source of
revenue, imposts, must be fairly exhausted be-
fore resort can be hadilo any other, whether in
time of war or peace, let the condition of the
,country be what it may. It is the settled poli-
'cy of this country that this source of revenue
must be thoroughly exhausted be'l'ore the peo-
ple can be called on to comribute from any oth-
er. \Vell, sir, is it exhausted I \Vhy, It does
not accord with the theory of the Secretary or
‘tlle chairman of the Finance Committee here
,inclinodtobel?evo that the feeblenoss of our,’to increase the revenue by raising the duties.
,According to their theory, to raise revenue you
' must reduce the duties. \Vell, I am willing
l to hear from the Secretary how much money
be can get into the treasury by a further reduc-
ltion. I am willing the experiment should be
‘tried. 1 do not mean to say that I would vote
,for sucha law, because Ihave no belief in the
doctrine. Ibelieve that duties will produce rev-
enue in the proportion which they bear to the
limportations in the aggregate. lmportations
are governed by the amount of exports, by the
lstato of the currency, and other things ; hence
ll think the position is well estzililislicd that the
‘this uncalled-for reproach, Mr. Ingersoll followed. Hegsaid be had voted delibcr-'
contented himself with opposing the fol- I a1elv,and ever should against any further‘,
lowing statement of facts: extension of slavery.
“I will give the gentleman an answer in
a very few words. 7'/zose brave men, when
they fqzuglzt t/ze baftlc of Reseca de la Pal-
Jna, ha been t/nirt /IOMTS witlzout a mou!/p . _ _ . .. , _. r , . - _
lful of food _. andyl ask if me), were ,henl,tosoldxe1s seivmgm the Mexican W an “as in
l-—after that hard fought battle——two thou-I , _
sand against seven ,hOus,md__in any com ,sion about the second reading, was by the casting
dition to plunge into the river and follow Evote of the vice President. postponed. The ar-
up the Mexicans 'l”
Thus II 9e*’m3 ‘hill the A‘I”'l.“I5ll’3l-I0" report a section grading 160 acres oflaud to all
ls delermmfd dug. Usnsfer’ ‘,2 p0ss;]ble’dl.° jnon-commissioned ofliers and privates now ser-I
our genem an .s rate so erst e 0 l- ,v,ng in the war‘
‘t ' ' t f ' d '1 v . .
In
hearts of" ibe people. -twice and referred to the proper com. establish-
There may be yet farther developmems ;ing additional post roads in Texas. The Ore-
of the intentions of the Administration zgon Territorial bill was taken up, discussed and
loward_tl1e man whose succcssit can ncv- ,’,,.,,55e,] 133 to 35,
.er forgive. It were well if the people; ' _ ——————-g-—_—---—
would \’.‘£llCI'l its course. l The ./Veunvfzom éml illo.-—.:WoI_'e ofS0nt.Iz
m ,./]nna’s .rliaven.e:.{.s-.——'I be following letter,
i 1 I I I F) v I e
CONGRESSIQNAL ,sa;,s me N. O. Pu. of Jan .tl.1,q\\ high
gcame to band after our edition of bunoay
lliommy, Jan, 11, l \\ as printed, puts to rest all doubt as to the
Without takinga voteithe House adj. ,
, . SATURDAY. Jan. 15. j
I Mr. Benton’s bill authorizing grants of land,
my bill was reconnnitted with instructions to,1l'ie ,
- the credit oftho Government will sink.
\Vell, how will it end. if we go on this way ‘.7 3 amount of revenue will depend upon the average
\Vil| our condition improve? Will it not be-;of'dufies. And now this whole sclicnie of in-
come Wurse and worse every day? We may ; creasing the revenue by diminishing the dulies,
continue to obtain loans, though there appears‘ is found to be not only an hypothesis. not only
l0 be some doubt about our ability to do so.—§ an experiment, but, air, it is an experiment which
There is still, I think, a way in which we can; is to be tried in the face of facts, and in opposi-
obtain loans, and that way is only by sanctioning‘ tion to our whole experience.
and circulating a paper currency of this Gov- I has shown us that the rate of duties has had no
an-nment. By means of Tmggury notes, and influence on the importatious, but the revenue
this Government paper, we may obtain louns,hns been invariably greatest when the rate of
from the mass of the peopla, but we never can ‘ dutes was highest. The state of the currency
obtain them from cupimligtg, with the 1-estric--llu1s had a thousand times more influence upon
tions which exist in what lg called the Indepen- g the n mount of importatioes than the rate of du-
dent Treasuryact. VVe can undoubtedly obtain ' ties has bad. weather high or low. This, then,
loans in the way 1 have said, but these loans must; is an experiment to increase the revenue by di-
have a limit, [5 it for a moment to 5,, _.,upposed_ miuisliing the duties, directl_v contrary to all ex-
ing when this war was to have an end, relying! entirely l“9lIlC"°l0l15-
solely and entirely upon loans, without providing. ‘V911. 831'. (Continued M13 Niles.)
any additional revenue to meetthe interest upon _ Pl'6"'Y much "ll I Intended 90 S")’- I I01‘ 009
these loans? \Vhy every mun must see that protested against this policy. I protest against
1; is it. an inconsistent with the protection of the coun-
ilnpossibla that it could be oghgl-W3”, Them is try: as inconsistent with the vigorous prosecution
no such oxamplg in binary, aims; in our own of the war. and as creating unnecessarily a na.
or in that of any och" nation, A deb; incrpas- tional debt. \Vhy, do gentlemen think that be-
ing lit the rate of thirty five millions a year, cause we have a small war on our bands, they
without providing a slug]; doll" to m“; mg in. are absolved from a reasonable accord to their
tercst on those loans ! Sir this a strange state of 0W“ I"'l“°Il’I°5I Alld I5 It "OT 009 Of the first
things, There was an nrjpa]-‘at inconsistancy pI'IIlCIr/I5’-S Of the DSIIIOCIWIIIC pllfty fit IBEISI-—flI'|d
in the recommendation of the President a year I belle‘? I might say 0I'b°tIl P31'Il°9“'t~Il“I 3 II“-‘
ago. We were then engaged in two cmm-0",,-- ' tioual debt is a national curse. and should be
sies with "oreign Powers. either ofwhich, as it, Molded» If P"53II’I° I“ be Molded I Nolhlnfl bu‘
seemed to be the opinion ofthe Executive, might . 9-‘t"9m9 II"Z7"'d- “0lIII"f-’. but ‘WU’ In ‘VIIICII l1
have resulted in disturbing the peace of thisiC°'-""1" mlélhl 5l1d(I9"I.l' be engaged by FOWGFIUI
country. \Vcll. sir. it might naturally lmveflnvading force.cau justilya reliance solely and
been supposed that the desire of the Executive = exclusively on loans and the creation ofa nation-
would be to Show 31,056 nations that we were in 9 al debt. And shall we do nothing in a small
readiness, if it becmm, necessary to 1.950", to the‘ war of this kind? Shall we do nothing to sus-
lnsc ext,-emj¢y_ This would “em to be his ob. ! tain the Treasury? Shall we not bear a part
vious policy; and to do lhig it Wu, ,0 be expec- at least of the burden that we are thus creating"!
ted that he would suggest :1 the consideration, I5 It all Y0 I70 handed ‘"91’ I-0 P953 ‘VII’? I Am
of Congress the propriety of strengthing and in- “'9 g‘’I"él *0 °"t‘1II “P0” “I039 WIIO 00"” “II”?
creasing the fimmceg of the c0um_,..,.‘ in 0,-(19,. to, us the blessings of a national debt of perhaps an
be prepared for 3 result of this kindlifit could not; hundred millions ? And, sir, let me make ano-
be avoided. But, insyend ofghis, ma Execmi,-9 ther remark. This is the way,Isuppose,tlzat.we
recnmmcnrled 5 mgdjficmion of Q“, ,.,,,.,,,,,e g are to carry out this system falsely calleda free
1,,“-5 3 And for wjmt purpose? with 3 View trade system—-a misnomer altogether. There
to increase the l-avenue? No, s;,., but with R is no such thing as free trade in this country,
view to tho rgducfion of the ,.e,.e,,,,e,0,. at just, and there can be none so Ion‘: as the settled
to a )‘e;lut,lo,1 (.f(]ut;e_.__ I had ,,1,,,,,,,5 ,,,,,,,,,,5ed j policy of the country remains the same that it
that the affairs of Government‘ likelhose of an ' “OW I5» $0 T8339 "V9009 {mm lmP0l't5v l’9°““5°
individual, required that the mm, of the finance, , the two things are incompatible with each other.
should be looked to before commencing any en- ll‘: I II""3 “Ike” “P more tlme “Ill” I In‘
terprise or undertaking, to see whmher they § tended, but this is a subject not easily got rid of.
were equal to the damaml that would be made! I was under the impression that. after a nation-
upon them, Bug this wems no pun ofth, po“_:aI debt had begun to be created, we should
cy of the present Executive; for when W9 be- [ cease to hear offree trade ; but it now appears
came actually engaged in ,,,.,,,._w},,,,, the ,,,,,m,,.- that we are still to have this wonderful system
was no longer doubtful, but war had actuallly-_ of free. trade introduced, a national debt being
commenced. to my utter astonishment a meas- l ‘he b*‘'‘‘‘3 of“ i [A I“ ugh] Eve‘? 50d)’ Could
I havqsaid
tion to placixlg a duizy upon those articles; that
ure was pm.-sea upon us to reduce tho ,.e,.em,e_ see what must be the final result. They must
That experience .
In the SENARE a communication was‘
‘received from the Vice President stating
his inability, owing to indisposilion, to be
'prese(pt pndbrequc-sting Mr. Atcbinson to
ares: e or xrn.
.1 M r. Crittenden objected to the Vice
President appointing a substitute ‘for the
chair when absent himself; and quite a
;debate arose upon the subjo.-cl, which led
,to a ballot: for a presiding oflicer pro. tem,
,—andrllfi3 reiulthpf the ballot was the elec-
'tion 0 ‘r. tc mson.
Several petitions were presented.
Mr. Dix, from the Committee on the
Military, reported n bill for increasing the
,army by the addition of ten regiments;-
Ealso a bill for creating the office of Lieul.
iGeneral.
Both bills were made the special order
Thursday next. ,
The Houst, after disposing of some un.
;important business, took up and passed
the billifor increasing the army, but after-
,wards reconsidered the vote, and adopted
EMr. Boyd’: substitiite-—-ayes 171, nays 35.
The House then took up the Oregon ter.
lritory bill, in which they were engaged till
adjournment.
TUESDAY, Jan. 12.
Mr. Archer, of Virginiil.Mm0UflC€(l the
death of his colleague, the HOIL 18380 Pen-
nybacker, and offered the usual resolutions
and the Senate adjourned.
The Hons}: went into committee of the
whole. The Oregon bill was taken up.
A substitute was adopted for the fifth sec-
tion, which so reads that all persons shall
be allowed to vote at the first election who
have declared on oath, their intention to
become citizens, and have sworn to support
the constitution of the U. S. An amend-
ment was adopted to prohibit all banking
in the territory. An amendment was of-
ferred providing that nothing in this act
shall be construed into an intention to in-
terfere with the spirit of the Missouri
compromise in regard to slavery. Mr.
Hamlin supported the amendment, because
he believed it was a matter of necessity,
,to prevent thereby the introduction of sla-
ivery into the territory. The committee
flben rose, a message from the Senate was
lreceived announcing the death of Senator
duty .5-O,_,1,;ln3,>10-JC',13_l13 ,,,_,93,,,,n nfthe ,,,.0,ec_, I said at the time, wjmt I had to my upon such . ofcourse come back to a system oyhigll duties. i Pennybncker. Mr. McDou,-cll, mmugd the
tive policy: thzithad been already disposed of.i
Thelist offroc articles heretofore had usually
compreheridcd rho raw material, the element of.
the industry oftlxe country, but now that descrip-
tion of article had been brought within the list:
ofartzcles taxed: and there was nothing remain-‘
ing but two articles of universal consumption,.
tea and coffee. _
As he had all-mdy sfated. be for one had no;
p.'irtEcul:ir objection to a tax upon these articles;
lint. Wlllllttlnglliat such tax was imposed,(though
itappearc-'1 this was not to be done.) he asked
would itbe ade:p.:a1c to the wants of the Gov-
ernment? Vfas it really worthy of serious de-
bate? \Vas it a m -.tter worthy of being submit-
ted by the Executive branch of this Government
to Con_-grass for its consideration, as a means of
invigc-2';it':r.'_r and sutstaiuing our revenue inn time
of war? In crmncction with other sources of
revenue it would be certainly worfhv of atten-
tion; but staur.lin_;; alone, lzeitlrouglitrit altogeth-
er too insignificzzar. In what condition then are
We placed? Aficr hm commencement of the
war. be it l’O!llF.‘l‘-.1i)."l'D."I. for :sL'CI'l was the fact—-
at a time ‘.‘.‘ildL') (and the experience, the sagaci-
ty and ShllG’§ll'l.ll‘l3iT':l) of all nations had sauc-
tionr-il the pol.cy)tl1e state oflhe finances of a
country shoul-.1 b:: pl.i-;c:l in a condition corros-
poudingg. in a i'e.i:.‘:):i:ib.'c clegreo at least, to the
expcmlitsirc:-. ofxlmt co‘»_1t.~try, were tllcy to go on
and rmlm no pi-o'.'i.=5Io:: at all for increasingtheir
mean-s in proportion as their e.\:pcnditurc.s in-
‘-‘l'97l»’»0’I -I \V1¢l’l‘- ll-Il¢‘_'»' ;."U':ng to make no provis-
ion at all for the mr:'.u'mlZmry r.-..~:pcnr.l':lures oc-
casiom-.r,l by the war? Did grznrlmnen believe
that the c::'(::l'zf ofilns gozuitry m)'.llrl be sustain-
ed uurlcr a .-.Ia.lc of llihifg,-; like this I They
were ink], in the o.'f.c'ml re;-,oi't of the higliest
financial hill-2:-r of the-. U‘)'.'uru1n:e:1t, that the ex-
pr-.1rliIuz'c..' of llm ]‘;.'l"1I_’y'(;;¢l‘;lll)()ll|lf(\d ulfifry-livc-.
milliozis, narl luv-. il1ou;;lu they m’_uht safely con-
clurlc llml flu: 1-xp:-mlzlinw-.3 nfllm pmscxit your,
ifany thing w.i.~: In be r.lo.'ir>.,;:.:s':.m-rt)..." to be contem-
plati,-:I, in lflrtl'(::l-—'.(*. our li;l'('v:., in ordcr to prose-
CUU3 lllrs Win‘ will’! \";:_for and m:e.r;:y, looking to
the expec‘~.c:l ru.~.:ili, \\’r)‘ll’l not l‘),'a legs lzlmu sixty
mllll03l5- \Vl‘I.'='-‘v: wort: ill.".il’ mcrinis to meet Ibo
'-'XP0—'“IlU““-‘ I \‘~"H_Y. rlwy \'.'s-.ro told by the
Sei:i'etziry l,l'I2-‘ll’, llmrc imjgiit be twenty e3gi'it mil.
IlOl’lS (lcnverl from the (:us!.(>ms;, and iibout three
millions and a half. he bnliovccl from the public
lands. But he fea1'n:5 that r‘-1:;-s<~,c:.'t.im..tps ‘Vere
over rated; that they wozilil not be fulfilled; es-
timatcs weifir-, v.‘-.;-,',' Lli'1:,'.-!i'l}il21 ill rigs. The Sec-
rotary a year ago, cstimaiocl the receipts from-
the public lan<l..' at about a uullion of dollars
less than his estimate of last year. \Vhy was
that? I.-Ietliought. it could be accounted for in
two ways. At the iiinc oflhc former cstiinate
it was the policy ofrlie S£*Cl‘t’.llll'y. in order to
maintain a theory, to r.nde.r1nl-Lo to show that
the income ofmc Government was fulliucr all‘,
which falling offlie ultributozl to the tariff act
of 1842. But it was unucce;-‘sa1'y to take up the
time with this matter at. present. He believed
that the receipts of the Governrneut were over
estimated, and that the expenditures were un-
deratecl by several millions of dollars. In any
view ofit, there would be a deficiency of about
thirty five millions, and this deficiency must: be
mctin some '*a_'-;. The tllirly fire millions, in
connection with the existing debt ofupwards nf50
millions at the close ol'I.he present yea r. \Vhy.
if the warcontinucd and thr-y went on at this
rate, adding thirty five millions yearly, together
with the interest of these sums, what would be
the result? Ir.-rlleeil it seemed tube the settled
a policy as that, 1 mid than, and with perfect’ I believe the revenue of the country should. in
sincerity. that I would support the lute,-953, of time of peace, at any rate, be derived wholly
the Adniinism-m;ion_ 1 spoke of com.s,,' in ,, 5- ' from the imports. with the exception of what
nancial sense, and without reference to the (1,. may be derived from the sales ofthe public lands;
tails of the measure gm," proposed, 0,. what and [would avoid by all means, in time of war,
might be its influence upon the labor of the mun- a reduction which must necessarily embarrass
try. I believed there could be no measure more the II“‘“I°°5 0f ‘I19 °°‘I"“'3'-
unwise for the Executive to press upon the logic-
lative branch of the Government, than to don nge
i or cut down its finances at any time when the
, country was engaged in a war. It was to me a
""98 S0 extraordinary that I could not well un-
. d°"5l3'_“I llwxcept by supposing that some theo-
I ry designed for I time of peace had crept into
,the head of some individual and he was unwill-
;THE LIEUT. GE.\’ERAL—GEN. TAY-
LOR ATTACKED.
Correspondence of the Tribune.
Wasnmcrou, Jan. 10, 1847.
No one that observes can doubt the has-
tility of this Administration toward Gen.
ging to give it up, though the condition of the
3' country had changed.
at ‘I19 "me. for in my judgment it was not a
I'°_V‘"1"° measure. evcn for peace. I may be
mistaken. howevfl‘; It may prove to be. But.
311‘. It was clearly not a revenue measure for
war; it was not a revenue measure for the con-
'l eylor. Its first overt act was the studied
'Iious in Mexico in me Picsidenl.’s Message.
;This inexcusable, and on any other by-
puthesis, unaccountable neglect, was fol
,lowed by the unlvccess-ary rec-ommendati n
customary resolutions. Adjourned.
Wzmuzsnxv, Jan. 13.
The funeral services over the remains
of the late Senator Pcnnybacker of Virgin-
ia, occupied the Housesof Congress to day.
THURSDAY,_.Ian 14.
The proceedings of chief importance
were in the Senate in relation to the office
of Lieutenant General, and in the House
on the Oregon Bill.
Mr. Benton reported the House bill, in-
creasing the army ten regiments.
Mr. Cameron moved to appropriate a
-section of land to each soldier serving
Irancedawarnmg VOICO; omission on all allusion to his g nllant ac- , ,h,.,_,,,gh the Wm.‘ ,,,hich gave rise ,0 ,, dis,
:cussion in which Messrs. Benton, Came-
gron, Badger, Corwin and Crittenden took
Ipart, and was finally laid over.
5 The bill creating the office of Lieut.
ditlon in which the country at that time w.1s',°f‘Il° "l’P"I"""°"t of 5' Limit’ Ge"""l“iGencral was discussed by Mr. Dix until
P'l3¢-‘ed. without any act; of ours, as we say. for
tac yvar could not be avoided. I am of that
opinion ; it. was the natural result of events that
lmd taken place ; it could not be avoided. If.
_‘‘''“S “I9 CI”‘.$' of this Government to meet it. and
It was our duty to put the country in a condition
to carry on and, sustain the war. And, sir, the
fil'5t lmd must 1m‘-ortant element for this end
was a condition of the finances of the Ggmm-
ment adequate to the demands which must nec-
essarily, under
on them.
Well. Sir. a different policy prevailed; 1: mens-
urc was passed which was calculated in all prob-
"l’llil.l' T0 Vedllce the finances of the Government.
below what they should be in time of peace.‘
I find by-
It Is a matter of simple arithmetic.
calculation ti 3 to sustain your peace standard
ofraveuue under the now tariff net, you must
have one hundred and forty-six millions of im-
l'0_l'lHt|0flS- Wbetlier yo’: are likely to ' have
th.s amount every one can judge for himself. I
do not I)6ll0V8 that we will. But sir, our diffi-
cuYty does not stop at this point. I have already
nllutlerl to this dilliculty. It is not so much that
we have introduced a system which may bring
the revenue down below the demands of a peace
establishmem, but it is that we have tied up our
lmmll. that we have manncled our feet. that
we are no longer at liberty to act at all upon
‘Ills grout subject of supplying the pressing wants
till the Proaaury. What is now to be done I
lnjietilrttasctliilutlon of my hopornblo friend is calcu-
vote foritfllgrll the existing law. Well, I may
disturb d; H We are ‘told the law must not be
. e cannot be disturbed. The Secrem-
F3’ Illlgllt have recommended—withoutessential-
ly dn-tux-hing his tbeory—he might. have recom-
mended a general addition to the rates ofldul
in all the schedules of this law, except perba I;
T110 l?|St- This. I think, might have bden dong-
but it seems that this is not proposed, and is no;
to be proposed. \Vell, sir, it has been the set-
tled policy of this Government, from its founda-
tion. tojlook to impost duties alone for revenue,
except in time of war. This is the main reli-
ance. the mom resource. as every one knows:
and every one knows, too, that the last war ma-
terially diminished our impact duties during its
‘3°"l1DU=‘-'§08- because it was a war with a great
com mercml-nation, and our commerce was great-
ly d_Isturbed,but- as regards the present war.
that is not the case. Our great and solerelinnce
for revenue was left to be available, if vvobad
0
an office of which no law recognizer! the
iexislcnce, and no necessity required the
formation. The third act of this drama
,of inju.-tire isthe -letting loose of the party
‘cure to bark at him. Yes,
, “The little dogs and all.
3 Tray, Blanche and Sweet-heart, see, they bark
at him.”
The barren products of-gallant victories,
demoralizuti-an of society, all are to be at-
tributed to Gen. 'lay|or’s non-acbievment
of impossibililies. He has won more bril-
liant victories than the age has witness d,
and established a reputalion for our sol-
gdiers—the moral effect of which is worth
‘a thou;-and victories—but he has not taken
Mexico, captured Santa Anna, plundered
the churches to defray the expenses of
war, “conquered a peace,’ and by these
means saved ahe Admini.-trniion from the
rt-proziclles and justly excited anger of an
indignant people—-he is himself to be ca-
lumuialed, denounced, and if possible de-
graded!
And for this contemptible work,a fit
agent I138 been selected Had the vote of
the House been taken. in all li:-- lihoud the
Representative from Illinois would have
received an unanimous appointment £0
the duty required of hSm—-and, in the dis-
charge of it, he has given proof that he
would have merited the opinion so enter-
tained.
Nor has Mr. Ficklin abused Gen. Taylor
(for he probably hates the urmy——officer.-,
rank and file and all-—because a majority
are of the some political faith as their brave
command_er,) and instigated with the hope
of ev,en surpassing the expectations of his
gmpluycrs. he has once ed with indiscrim-
inate and all-embracing censure the vi hole
0f 0"!‘ l!3"°“‘ little army. They should
h""¢vPl""¥9‘I. ht thinks, after - the hard-
f°“gI"._Il“"I¢ Of Res:aca_de'-la Pa|ma,"xil|
bathed In -b|ooil,.int,o the-waters‘-of 't|i_e~ Rio
:G|'30dt‘. “*0 ¢.'~.1t.tbc' .M9Xl¢8t3.s'“ofl?!”-' To,
alone; carried away by political rnncor, .
the Senate adj.
In the House, Mr. Burt, on the Oregon
I, too‘: the floor in defence of the insti-
slavery, and was followed by Mr.
bil
‘ration of
',Petit.
l FRIDAY, Jan. 15.
The Committee on the Post Offices re-
ported a bill to provide for the transporta-
fact that advices were expressed from
Gen. Worth, at Saltillo, announcing the
march of a large Mexican force towards
that p.'acc. With what intentions Santa
Anna has thrown forward men in this di-
rection time only can solve; but, if _thc
force has not been over estimated, it may
e his plan to cut up our army in detail.
At the last accounts, Gen. VVool was at
Paras, about 120 miles, if we mistake not,
north west-"'ofSaltil|o. Our correspondent
evidently entertains a doubt as to the
practicability of his forming a junction
with General \Vorth. It would seem good
strategy on the part of the enemy to throw
a large force between Sultillo and l'aras,
make adiversion with a portion of the
troops against General Vforth, while the
main body of the army falls upon General
Wool. Apprehensions that such may
have been the case are discernible in our
correspondence. If Santa Anna had any
of the spirit and capacity of the great mili-
tary commander to whom he vainglorious-
ly lii-ens himself, he would have done
some such thing long before this. Here
is the letter:
Cauaaco, Mexico, Dec. 19.
By an express last night from General
VVorlh, which arrived at lnalfpast 1o’clocl.',
we learn that Santa Anna is advancing
upon Saltillo and Monterey, as is said, with
30,000 men; and all the available force
from this place and vicinity is ordered up
to those points with the least possible Cle-
lay. At the same time a requisition has
been received for a large supply of ammo-
nition to be forwarded immediately. The
express from Sallillo arrived at Monterey
on the evening of the day Gen. Taylorleft
that place for MonleI\'Ioralcs, on his way
to Victoria. He had probably made thirty
miles from Monterey with his army inten-
ded for the occupation of Victoria, but this
intelligence will no doubt cause a counter
movement to sustain Montercy and Sal-
iillo. .
Ido not spec‘: certain, but think Gen.
Taylor can meet Santa Anna with 6,000,
and not more, as a portion of his force,
under Generals Patterson and Pillow, has
been wiibdrawn from here to hold Tampi-
co. lknow nothing of the defences at
Saltillo, but Worth is there, and what any
man can do be c n and wi I.
It strikes me that if Santa Anna has the
force which is reported, that it would not
be policy to bring on a decisixeaction now
at Monterey, but by surrounding the place,
cutting ofl supplies and communications,
and victory to our troops. They will con-
tinue so to act to the close of the war,
when they will have a full reckoning with
Folk and his party. But lluy will have
nothing to do with the miserable tariff
.wbicb the loco focos have fastened upon
the country. All the tinkering of that
rickety thing: must be done by its nntl10I‘S-
troduced in the Sxzxirrn, and after a long discus- The V, hig r]~,,,.,fl- “ as ho”, ,, p,,,,,,,.,;ve ,,,,
,riffnnd a revenue lariff.
,'age-ment and activity in labor, and filled
I
it gave encour-
of llfe. G4-\'9rnmcnl \\'I\h
money, so much so, that line Il«=gi.-lcrcnuv
plained of an €Xl ess, “asserting that “the
coffers of the Government were overflow-
irg with money taken from the pockets of
the farmer, the mechanic, and every person
who has purchased an imported _arucle.”
W by not then return to this tariff, espe-
cially in view of the present wants of the
Treasury’! The Whigs will cheerfully
vole with their opponents for the restora-
tion of that Iar:fl'-- but they doubtless will
not be concerned with the locos in any ef-
forts to patch up the miserable thing now
in c.\'i.-ten-cc. The locos have the power
to do as they please on this subject, and
lhcv must in e the responsibility. Thus
farrthey refuse to do anything. If they
wish to tax tea and coffee, \\ by (I503 they
do ill That’s the question-—-Pulladiuzn.
Trea.-us \'
Gcn. Taylor and the Administration.——TI1e
\Vashingtou correspondent of the Boston Atlas,
thus comments upon the course of the Adminis-
tration towurds Gen. Taylor, the hero of the
Mexican campaign.
Gen. Taylor has been a stumbling block
to Polk and his concern since the outbreak
ofhoslilities. He has taken no position,
made no advance, and assumed no impor-
1ar.tresponsibilil_v u-itboul the direct au-
}thority of the government. And this is
precisely what they did not desire. 'I hey
invested him with large dISCI'l tion to penc-
lrate the interior of Mexico. and In prose-
icute the war after his own fa.-h on; but,
‘knowing well with whom he had to deal,
land where the burden \\'0llI(I fall or be
iforced in the event of defeat, he has in
lave,-y case (Iemnnde-d emphatic orders,
load then executed them wilb the s ill of
‘a soldier and the courage of a patriot,-
And while he has thus been engaged in
fighting the battles of his country, and in
jprieserving the makers of this war from
311.9 odinm vibich they would otherwise
lhm.-9 been doomed, (my have been occu-
.pied in stabbing his reputation, and in
lstealing from him lbat which to a soldier
llis gem-er :1...“ life; yes, they, purl their
’little partizans have been snealnrvg‘ about
‘the balls of Congress and oul of doors,
‘proclaiming “Taylor is a good fellow, but
:not fit to command such an army,” while
ille is n the field. hauling for that glory to
four national arms which thus far has been
the only means of pre.-e viugz the mlminis
,tration from general execrat-on. Let this
,5)-ggem be pursued but a liltle longer, and
in feeling will spring forth. full armed and
‘strong, that will overwhelm its authors
and abbeltors.
‘We find the following notice of the modern
iiTom Thumb’s adventures abroad, under the
guardianship of P. T. Barnum, in the New Ha-
Even Palladium :
“The dwarf Tom Thumb. who has made
such a successful tour in F.-arope, is about
to return to the United States. A London
correspondent of the Boston Traveller,
‘says that his success in England and on
the Continent exceeds all lelief. Mr.
,Barnum, of the American Museum, who
ffirst brought the little dwarf to this coun-
ltry, has made quite a fortune by exbibting
and detaching a portion ofbis force to at-jlzim. During the recond _\-ear of the ex-
tack the depots and connecting links Will.‘ hibition Mr. Slrnttvn. the full er of the
Gu'f—wbich must be left weak by thejduarf, re eived bnlflbe pro‘ is and be has
drawing offsupports for Montery anl Sal-g made a very large sum of money through
tillo——that such would be his best cbances' the deformity of his ¢-bilcl. \Vithin two
for success. This depot, for instance,. or three months, ll-e exhibition .l:as not
which is the one from which Gen. Taylor’s' b:-en very well patronized; as sight seekers
army draws its supplies, is without dcfen- have become iired ofdwarfs. Mr. Barnum
ces, and I am told is to be left with onejbas conclmlnd to return to Amt-ri('.a. with
such circumstances be made u,,_ the loss of men, the wusle of treasure, the tion of the mail to Oregon.
l
The bill to increase the army was next.
ttakcn up.
Several amendments were offered, which:
were ordered to be printed, and bill was;
postponed till to morrow. The bill pre-
viding for the appointment ofa Lieutenant
General was then taken up. Mr. Badger
spoke in oppflsition to the measure. He
argued that the adoption of the bill would;
be an act of great injustice to Generals
Taylor and Scott. They were both expe-
rienced men, and had earned well of their
country. Why then shall we even inti-
mate that we have not confidence in them,)
or commit so unnecessary, impolitic, and=
ungencrous an act as to supplant them ‘I--
\Vhen Mr. Badger had finished his speech,
Mr. Mangum moved as a test question that
the bill be laid on the table, which was
carried by a vote of 28 to 21. This defeats
the pro osition.
The ousrs went into Committee of the
Whole, and the Oregon territorial bill was
taken up. An amendment was adopted,
limiting the pay of the delegate to Con
grass to $2000 per aunum, and requiring
that he shall be a citizen of the territory,
and serve for the session only for which
he shall be elected.
The question now being relative to the
passage of the bill as amended, Mr. Leeke
gave his reasons why he should vote in op-
position. The South, said Mr. Leake,
cannot and will not, submit to any further
interference on the part of the North, with
her tigh’!sL_ He considered this set, should
it pass, a deliberate violation of: .,tlie>Mis-
s,ojori.compro;pisc'. Mr. Kennedy of Iowa.
~cofl'ee." when the revenue is wanted by the
jority in both Houses of Congress is com-
company of artillery, one company of dra-
goens, (not mounted.) and one regiment
of Indiana volunteers; and the e are “sin.
,Gcn. Tom Thumb. :nd the General’s min-
.iatur-~ carriage and four diminutive ponies,
’nn the fifth of January inst. by the steamer
ews of war” enough here to make “the, Hibernia, from Iiverpool to Boston.”
game worth the candle.”
From last reports Gen. Wool had not
yet formed a junction wi;b Gen. Vrorth,
and it is" thought by some problemalical
whether he would not be able to form one,
tween these two forces. I am not advised
of the route Gen. Wool’.s column wi7l take
from Paras, and therefore can give no,
' IVIr-gm/ic 7e €’g'I'fl]:/1. to J\’°ew Orleans.-—A
contract has been made by the patcniecs
of Mm-se’s lklagnetic Telegraph to con-
fstruct a line flOlTl VVasbingIon to New Or-
in consequence of the advance of the ene-; I"‘“5 by “"‘.V “I I I""I"s'°"~ M"b'I° “ml
my placing themselves in a position be-.
numerous other intermediate points of
commercial interest.
.6 Coal Tr—r_d-e—._—-The Reading Railroad
Company sent 1,233.56! tons over the
opinion as to the accuracy of this reason-] mad 135, ,.e,,,._ The (,,,,,m;,,. sent ,0 mar.
‘"33 but One lhfllg I5 ‘‘‘3I'a'"‘-‘‘'e 379 0“ ket from all the rcginns in 1846, is in
by the next arrival lshall chronicle to your
matters of stirring interest.
W Let it be remembered that the \VI1ig
delegation, from this State, have not patriotism,
enough to pay a slight tax on their “tea and
country—aud all of them rich men 3-Register.
Let it a'so be remembered that the ma-
poeed of locofocos, who profess to justify
the whole course of the President in rela.
tion to the war with Mexico—and that not-
withstanding this fact and their loud pro-
fessions of patriotism, they refuse to put a
slight tax on tea and cofleee.” Let it also
be remembered that the author oftbe res
olutlon which declared it inexpedient to
tax tea and coffee, is John VVentWortb, n
locofoco member from Illinois, and editor
of a loco foco paper in Chicago‘.
The Whigs have thus far voted for men
& money to carry on the war, as promptly
as the loco focoe, and Whigs have taken
the fiold as We believe much more prompt-
ly. although they cannot and will not jus-
tify the reckless course of the President
in Ordering our troops to the Rio Grande,
up0n territory, the ownership of which, his
cabinet bad admitted was not then deter-
mined. Hc has involven the country in
the war ; but the Whigs have nevertheless
supported every measure which they be-
lieve calculated togive efliciency to all the
the eve of important events, and I think:
round numbers, ‘2.‘2-754,000 Ions against 2,
053,633 tons in 1845, being an increase in
18-I-6 of 312,000 tons.
The Albany Argus, a Iocofoco Journal.
sgeaps in the fol|owin,r__r complimentary
’terms of Gov. Young s message:
"It may be lal en as a model state paper,
and as worthy of imitation. It is a clear
and direct exposition of the concerns of
the State, and of the subjects for legisla-
tive action. It is limited to actual home
affairs, and alludes to nothing extraneous,
and assumes no interference with national
concerns.”
Immense I.oss.—Tbe damage occasioned
by the recent fresbe!s:in the Scioto. Miami
and Red river: (0.) is set down‘ at about
two millions ofdollars. Over one million
of bushels of corn have ‘been s\'\]7f,*lpt 8,‘;V9lY
from the Sciota valley a one. e W 0 6
country was inundated.
“Come here, my lad,” said an attorney
to a [my about nine years of age. The
bov came, and asked the attorney “what
case was to be tried next I” The lawyer
answered, “A case between the pope and
the devil—wbich do you thin‘ will gain
the action "3’ The bov replied, “I guess
it will be a pretty tight sqneeze—Ibe pope
has the most money, but the deviljhas the
most lawyers.” . '
It is ‘stated that the loss of life in the
military operations of jtbe ,‘(_§_ov,ci'nmcnt,
...~..-_- -
;-2». .. . .. -..-I.»
war with England.
:...'.»." '-»-:_-.-‘~‘.""-x““': _. »- I.‘
Mexican war,_al,ready exceeds that of the _
Norwalk Chronicler