Norwalk Gazette, Wednesday, January 28, 1846 · page 2

‘for him.

 

"THE ADISASTER AT .CARBONDALE.
A minute description of the disaster at the
mines of the Deleware and Hudson CanalCom-
puny, Carbondale, Pa. on the morning of the 12th
inst., from the pen of Rev. H. A. Rowland,
formerly pastor of the Pearl street Presbyterian
Church, in N. Y. city.

A Mr. Hosie went on, into Mine No. ‘.2, in-
tending to join Mr. Clarksoti presently, and
had proceeded about a mile, when institut-
ly the mountain over his head descended
with an awful crash of every thing which
opposed its progress, and shut down over
him, filling up the road with crushed coal
and bending him double, leaving not a foot
of space between the solid mass above and
the crushed coal below. The distance de-
scended was the height of the mine, or
from six to eight feet. So great was the
pressure of the air, that it produced a pain-
ful sensation as if some sharp instrument
had been thrust into his ears. All was to-
tal darkness, every light in the mine being
instantly gextiiiguished. Ever and anon
the thunder of the falling masses roared
through the caverns. After waiting a
suitable length of time for the rocks to
cease falling, Mr. Hosie began to retrieve
the loose material around him to creep.
He tried one way and it was closed. He
then proceeded in the other direction; and
after nine hours incessant toil, creeping,
removing loose coal and slate, and squeez-
ing himself past obstacles, he tnade his
way into the open mine. Here he tried
to strike a light, but his matches had be-
cotne datnp and would not ignite. He
then felt around him, and discovered by
the direction of the railroad that, instead
of making his way out, he had gone far-
ther into the min'e,'and was cut off from a
return by the mass which had settled down
upon the road. He then betliought him
of the air hole, and attempted to reach it;
but that passage had been crushed in and
closed. Being in the vicinity of the min-
ing operations,he found some powder and
spreading it on the floor, endeavored with
a pick to ignite it, but could not. He
found also a can of oil, which he reserved
in case ofnecessity to use for feed.

All was total darkness, and the parts of
the mountain over him was also settling,
throwing of slate and exposing him to
imminent danger at every step; for but
a part ofthe mass had come down at once,
and the other seemed li -.ely to follow.-——
Sensible ofliis danger, Mr. Hosie protected
himselfas well as he could; he wound up
his watch, and felt the time by the hands.
He also, with a piece of chalk, wrote in
different places his name and the hour
when he was at certain points. Being in
total darkness, however, he missed his
way, but was enabled through his acquain-
tance with the mines to set himself right.
He first tried to reach No. 1, but after toil-
ing for that road, found that it was also
crushed in. His only chance seemed then

-to proceed at right angles with the main

arteries of the mines and pass over to No.
3, and this he labored to do in accordance
with his bestjudgment.

At one time he passed tbrougha nar-
row entrance into a chamber, and iii en-
deavoring to creep out on the other side,
he was caught in a narrow place by the
hill above settling down upon him, and
remained in this position an hour, expect-
ing to die there. But another settling of
the mass crushed out some of the materi-
ails around him, and he was enabled to free
himself and draw back into the chamber of
the mine. In returning,liowever,to the hole

_by which he had effected his entrance, he

found to his dismay that_ it was closed. He
was compelled to hunt a new passage, and
‘finally to dig his way out with his hands.
Thus, after working for more than 36
hours, he at length reached No. 3, where
he rested, and then when the hill had par-
tially ceased its working, proceeded to-
ward the mouth of the mines. On his
way he met Mr. Bryden, one of the super-
intendents, who, with his men, was explo-
ring the cavern with lights, in search of
him; and at about five o’clock in the
morning he emerged to the light of day,
having been given up as dcad,and been in-
carcerated in utter darkness beneath a set-
tin sun for forty-eight hours.
it one time Mr. Hosie saw lights at a
distance, but they soon vanished. They
were the lights of men in No. 3 seeking
These lights however assured
him that he was pursuing the right course.
Mr. Hosie’s hands were scratched and
cut up by working, so as to be completely
covered with sores. He never for one
moment lost his self possession, and to
this fact, added to his tact and perseve-
rance, is to be ascribed his deliverance.
There were about forty men in the
mines when the catastrophe occurred, and
the twenty-six who escaped owed their
reservation, in a ‘great measure, to Mr.
Bryden, one of the supcrintendants, who
cotidueted them out, while portions of the
hill, other than those which first fell, were
settling down around them. Learning
that one poor Irish laborer, who had been
struck down by slate, was left, with his
leg broken.,he went back alone and brought
him out. Sometimes he was compelled to
creep, and draw the man after him,through
crevices which werc.soon after closed by
the settling of the bill. In two hours more
the whole had shut down.
' The greatest possible efforts are now
made by working night and day to reach
the place where the fourteen were at work ;
but -faint hopes, however, are cherished
respecting them. The place cannot proba-
bly be reached before the middle of next
week, if then. The probability is that
they have been crushed to death. One boy
pnl is known with certainty to- be dead.
The quantity of the mountain fallen is
variouisly estimated. Mr. Bryden said
that it was about three quarters of a mile
long, by half at mile in width. Mr. Clark-
eon said that it was about halfa mile long
and an eighth wide. In the former case
i'l£wou'ld'be about 240 acres, and in the lat-
ter 4-0 acres. Mr. A-.rchibald,the chief su-
perindendent ofthe. mines and rail road‘,
"VH1-758 Science and;practical' skill are not
-Exceeded, estima?es' the amount fallen at
tar less than either of his assismmg,,

the least abated, and it never can be.

VI‘ ‘-5-- " i -

From the N. Y.iJourmzl of Commerce.
TI-IE SUB-TREASURY.

Of ‘all the shadows which have engaged the
deliberations of patriots and demogogues, this
is . the thinnest shade. The reasons assigned
for establishing it, are the insecurity and mis-
management of banks, the necessity of separat-
ing the money of the people from the banks,
and the fact that money in the banks is not in
the treasury, &c.

\Ve have before us a bill to resuscitate this
monster phantom, as reported in the. House of
Representatives by Mr. Dromgoole, from the
Committee of \Vays and Mentis. The first
section provides that a certain room in at certain
building in \Vnsliingtoii, shall be deemed and
taken to be the Trezisury of the United States;
that the mints respectively, the iron chests of
the old bill which the \Vhigs repealed in such
:1 pet, (as they stand in N ew York, Boston,
&c.,) and other things to be fitted up, shall be
treasuries in those places respectively ; that re-
ceivers general and particular shall be appointed
to take charge of the treasuries. It directs that
post masters and others who have no trczisuries,
shall retain the money they get, and keep it safe
without them; that the keepers of the treasu-
rics shall give bonds not to spend the money.—
It gives the Secretary of the Treasury power
to transfer money from one treasury to another,
provides for all necessary exuiiiinntiotis and pre-
cautions, and enacts the. penalties proper to full
upon the guilty head of any sub—tre:tsurei' who
shall niisapply the money; that the money now
in the bunks shall be t.rzinsfei‘red to the sub-
treasuries ; that after next June one-third of all
receipts and payments shall be in coin, after the
next June two-thirds, and after June 1848, the
whole. ' It witids tip by providing us well as it
can, ugninst treasury drafts, or any checks or
papers originzitiug in this treasury arrangeinent.

The whole measure evidently belongs to past.
ages. It is suited to the coiiditioii of society
before banks or paper money, or the great sys-
tem of credits was introduced. It would ca1'i'_v
us back to wlieel—b2u'rows truiidliiig specie about
town. The bill is at blot upon our statesmen-
ship.,and altogetlier behind the age.

It is moreover a bill which will never go into
operation according so its theory. Congress
may pass it forty times, and annex what penal-
ties they will,—t.liey cannot introduce such a
monstrosity into New York as the payment into
and out of it sub-treasui'y, of a hundred thousand
dollars a day in coin; nor will the public endure
so injurious an agitation of the money market
as would result from the keepiiig of govet'nment
balances locked up iii an iron chest. A real
enforcement of the bill would, in 0111' judgment,
ove1'tl11'owany Acliiiiiiistmtioii, however popular
before. The money must and will and ought
to be in the Banks. By the fiicil'it:y of checks
and batik notes, the whole business of this great
city is traiis:ictct.l with very little labor. Hun-
dreds of millions are settled witliout. the pay-
ment of aiiythiiig in specie, except change.-
Yet every ttmisaction is for specie, and every
check and bank note is payable in coin. \Vhen
coin is wanted, it. is (lt'n\vn. \Vhen paper is
more convenient, it: is taken. The government
receives and disburses twenty-five millions of
dollars annually. As the business is now done,
every traiisnctioii is for specie. The importer
pays his bond in bank notes, or gives his check
on the bunk. These are payable in coin ; but
the government has no use for coin in ordinary
business. It might; demand specie for every
batik note and check. But its own creditors do
not want it. The govcrniiieut therefore acts
like an iiidividual. It places all its notes and
checks in a bank daily, and draws its owti checks
for the various sums it has to pay. By this
simple process the vast labor and hazard of
counting and moving specie are avoided, and yet
every trnnsctions is for coin. After people have
experienced the facilitiy of doing business in this
way, they cannot be driven back to the actual
counting and moving of specie, except when
specie is w:iiit‘ed.

The derangement of the ciirrency utider the
theory of this bill. carried out, would be oppres-
sive. Our banks have now perluips eight mil-
liotis ofspccic. They do not think it safe to run
lower. The govcriimeiit has perhaps balances
of three millions to its credit here. To remove
that in coin, and lock it up, would compel the
banks to make such it contraction as could not
be endured. Soon perhaps the government has
large payments to make. Its specie is disbursed
and returiis protuptly to the bunks. Again its
receipts are larger than its payments, and three
or five millions are again drawn front the banks.
All this agitation would take place when no real
change had come over the money market.——
Such useless mischief could not be continued.
The system now operating, perpetuates steadi-
ness. Baliiiices not wanted, lie in the banks
as deposits. If one man draws out, it; is by his
check, which is passed to the credit ofthe l1old-
er on the books of the bank. It is by these
transfers on bank ledgcrs, that niiie-teiiths of
the payments are made. The actual money is
not touched; for every man prefers a credit on
a bank ledger to specie. The government on
this plan may have one million or five millions
or nothing at all to its credit. If it draws out
its whole amount deposited, it is only to pay it
to various citizens, and this being uccornplislied
by transfers on the lodgers, the niouey market
is not agitated. But to cliange millions in actu-
al coin, would make perpetual agitation. Under
the old suli—ti'ezisury bill the effort to create pay-
ments in coin in violation of the convenience and

interest of the people, was abandoned at once.
The subterfuge of getting checks endorsed ‘pay-
able in specie,’ was resorted to, though the
checks were no more payable in specie after the v
endorsement than before. Batik notes were
also locked up, and a pretence made 0fseparzit-
ing the State from the banks, though in reality
the inoney was all in the banks, and the actual
union of the State with the bunks was not in
The gov-
ernment would not trust the bniiks,——-so it got
bank notes and locked them up in a great iron

V 011 each conunuiiication will be made.

room. lfa fiiriner were to say he would not
trust his neiglinor, and to carry his threat into.
execution should gather together the notes of :
that iiciglibor and lock them up, there is no far-
uier who knows so little of financial matters as
not to see through his delusion. Such it man.
would be reputed either crazy or idiotic. Yet?
the tnen_at the head of government can do the
same thing, and it passes for statesmauship.

The leaders of at party have discovered that
the people are not willing to have the money
which they owti iti common, deposited in the
some places where they put all their money as
individuals. Every citizen puts his money in
the bank, because it is safest there, and can be
most easily and promptly controlled. Yet. the
aggregate of these opinions makes an opposite
opinion. A unanimous afl‘ii'mat.ion is by this
logic, a negative. Nothing could be more ill)-
surd. The unanimous practice of the citizens
acting each one for himself, is the best possible
expression of opinion and guide to practical
utility for the goveriitiieiit. I

\Vlint greater nonsense can any man be guilty
of, than to say that money in a bank is not in
the treasuiy. The niercliaut always counts
his bank deposites as cash on hand, and‘ more
flfilllllblea more practically in his treasury, than
if it were locked up. in coin under his own key.
\V,ht1t he happens to receive in coin, he depos-
ites iii the bank, for that is the way to make it
avail’.'tble.. If the government should have occu-

the efforts made to effect 1|. commutation or

sion to.ttratisfc1' gold from New York to Phila-
delphia, would it be in alt‘-easui-y while ot1..tl1o~

Jersey Rail Road, or not’! If instead of trans-
ferring the specie, it should exchange with some
citizen who held coin in Philadelphia which he
wanted in New York, would the money, by
taking a draft, be out of the treasury, or would
such an exchange be an offence against the po-
litical economy of the nineteenth century? How
much more will a room in \Vashingto'n be really
and truly a treasury, because Congress vote it
so. T_hzit money is in the highest sense in the
treasury of its owner, when it is iii the most
safe and convenient place for his use. .

The notion that the sub-ti'en:-uiry will render
the public money more sqfc, is tl. very strange
one. The money, on the plan proposed, is to
be taken from the responsibility of a batik with
a million or two millions of capital, watched
over by El. company of officers and directors, and
placed in the charge of an individual who will
give bonds at the utmost not beyond half it mil-
lion. The security of credit: is to be substituted
for cash paid in, to three or four times the l
amount, and this is called avoiding credits and
innking the money safe ! hfore than this, the
dcposites in this city are in the keeping of half
it dozen banks, no one of which has :1 very large
sum, and the whole is to be placed in the keep-
ing of one man. \Vhy, the money will not be
half so safe as it is now, though the same pru-
dent man should be appointed who was appoint-
ed before. \Ve presume that no batik has an
amount of government money equal to its capital.
To collect the whole amount of disposites from
all the banks, into the hands of one imiu, with
security not equal to one (]11ill‘l'e1‘ of the amount
at lizizaird, would be a great \Vl'0l‘l“. If the gov-
eriiiiient would make their money secure, let
them leave it in those places of deposit, which
the unanimous voice of the coinmercinl coin-
munity declnres most safe. Let them demand
stocks as further security if it. is at all necessary,
and above all, let them so arrange the Tariff
that the revenue will be ratlier under than over

.jority Report.

the expenditures, so that there will be no inouey
on hand to lose, and authorise the Secretary of l
the Treasury to make up-deficieiices by tren-_
sury notes, to go out when the funds are insuf- 
ficieut, and be purchased back when there is ti;
Surplus. The present surplus might pe1'ht1psv'
be applied to the purchase of U. S. five pcrl
cents, which can be had at about par, and if
during the year there should be a deficiency,
the stock might be issued again. Seine such
process, acting as it regulator, would be econom-
ical for the country, and save all agitation in the
market, and witlial give the greatest possible;
security to the funds; for surpluses not exist-
ing. could not be squandered.

The truth is, this sub-treiisusy plan puts the
national iuoiiey at great hazard; and ifits the-
ory could really be enforced, it would most in-
juriously agitate the money iiiarket. It is an
eflbrt to reject the facilities which experience
and saigacity have discovered, for saving labor
expense and risk, in money transuctioiis, The
scheme is mischievous, and only ini's‘chievous;
and in some of its designs so mischievous, as to
be wholly iitipracticable. Is it not a reproach
to our country, that men at the head of our
afiiiirs should recommend such It scheme, as the‘
climax of their financial skill !

NE\V YORK AND BOSTON TELE-

GRAPH z&SSO(§lAd‘ION.
Tarz:[]‘ of C/zargcs or transirtitling a commit-
tzica/ion. Qf_/1:./lean ivorafs, or less muiibcr, by

JV. York and Boston TClCg?‘(l1)]l- Association.

3’ 3 ~55 5?‘ .5‘ E7 :5
Z‘. ‘3 ‘.3. ~: 4 i:.. ’
8 2°.‘ as 2*» .1 ‘'5 1
' % E 3 E“ 3. 2‘
I 7 ‘T I T 7
Boston - - - - 0 10 15 15 1-5 15 25
\Voi'cester - - 10 0 10 10 _ 15 15 15
Springfield - - 15 10 0 10 10 10‘ 15
Hartford - - - 15 10 10 0 10 10 15
New Haven - 15 15 10 10 0 10 15
Bridgeport - — 15 15 10 10 I0 0 10 ;
New York — - 25 15 , 15 15 15 10 0"

RULE.-—’I‘lic angle of the two places brougl1t.~
into correspondence, indicates the amount; of
change.

For every addition of ten, or a less number
of words, add to the charge, 5 cents.

In all communications, tlie- name of the send-
er, the address of the communication, and the
necessary directions of the sender for the dis-
position of it, will be gratis. .

Among the numerous regulations adopted by
the association are the following:

The offices in New York and Boston are to
be kept open ut all times, day and night, for the
trnnsitiissioti of commuuicatious—the first appli-
cant to be first served. '

N 0 individual shall use the Telegraph for
more than ten minutes at 1!. time, while another
is waiting.

Oflicers of the States, U. States, or Police,
in great public emergencies only, shall have the
prefei'ence for a reasoiiiible time.

The arriviil of every steamer shall be tele-
graphed gratis at every station along the line,
as soon as publicly ktiown in N. Y. or Boston.

Payments for transmission of intelligence al-
ways to be made in advance.

Messengers will be:attached to the Telegraph
oflices in the principal cities, for the purpose of
delivering such coiiiiuunications as may require ,
immediate delivery, which niesseiigers willi
leave the office at 8 A. M. till 9 P. M., for‘
which service 1111 additional charge of five cetits

For night service, between 9 P. M. and 8 A.
M., a higlicr charge will be made for delivery,
of not less than five nor more than fifteen cents.

The work on this litie is in it good state of ,
forwarduess, and will be finished between New
Haven and Boston in the course of this month.
—Jou:r. of Com. 10th inst.

Tm; T.-uuri-‘ or 1842.—\Ve learn from the
II:i1'i'isbu1'g Argus that the following pirezrmble
and joint resolution passed the Senate ofPeun—
sylvzmia, by a unanimous vote :

lV/icreas, The 'I‘arif-l' of 1842 produced no
uiore than sufficient revenue to defray the tie-
cessary expenses of the General Goveriiiueiit,
and only afl'oi'ds an adequate incidental protec-
tion to Atnericati industry and American man-
ufnctures against foreign conipetition and for-
eign policy, and ii consequent eticourugeiiiciir. to
coimnercinl enterprise, to ngricult.ui'nl l)ursttit:~‘,
and to the development ofour iiiteriinl resour-
ces:

And W’/zcrcas, It is believed the people of
Pennsylvania are opposed to any nlterat.-ioi'i iii
the existing Tttrifl', until furtlier experience has
shown that ii modification is required to secure
a continuance of such prot'ect.ion, and to promote
there general welfare : Tliereforc,

Rcsol-red, &c. That our Senators niidReprc-
sentntives in Congress be, and they are hereby
required to oppose all attempts toztlter or modify
the Tariff Act of the 30th of August, 1842.

 

CASE or Mus; VAivvAt.i(r.NBUttcn.—Eliza-
beth Van Valkenburgli. cotivicted at the lustses-
sion of the Fulton County Circuit of the mur-
der of l]el"l1llSl)ill](l by admeitiisteriiig poison to
him-,. is to suffer the extrei-rte penaltiy oftlielnw ;

icliunge of punishment; in her case have entirely
failed, and ltence'tliis unfortunate, wretched be-

ing is ‘to be executed on Saturday the 24th inst,
..llban_I/ Cilizcn.

‘‘fi\

' Comonrzss, on"Monday the 19th, attended the
funeral of Hon. Mr. Taylor, of Va.,- whose
death was announced last; week. No business

done in either House.
TUESDAY, Jan. 20.

The SENATE was but a few minutes in open
session to-day.

Mr. Allen gave notice to-day that: he would
introduce another Resolution, on the first oppor-
tunity, declarntory of our opinion on Foreign Iii-
terfereuce on this Continent.-

Memorials on the Naturalization Laws were
presented, iitid also one in favor of the estab-
lishment of a Branch M intut New Yoi'k—when
they wentiuto Executive Session.

lit the Housi-2, after the report: of several
Bills and Rcsoliitions froiu Coiniuiltccs of no pub-
lic iiuportzuice, the case of the Florida Contes-
ted Election was taken up, by it vote of 9;’. to 8-3.

A motion to postpone till to-niorrow was lost
by it vote of 79 to 80.

The Reports of the Majority and Miiit)i'tty'
were then read at length.

Mr. Hamlin {node an ultra mdiczil speecli, in‘
which he said he would go behind all Officers’
Returns to get at the voice of the People. He
is Cliuirinaii of the Committee on Elections.

He was followed by Mr. Chipiiiuii of Micli-
igan, who was in favor of Mi‘. Czibcll.

After several explanations from Mr. M’Gziug-
hey of ltidiaim and M1‘. Cobb of Georgia, Mr.
Jones ofGeoi'gia followed, in support ofthe Ma-
Aftcr which the House adj.

\Vi£n'_\'i-:sn.n', Jan. 521.

The Si~:_\'.-wt: to-day, have been in secret ses-
sion, ntid linve had It long dfscussiou on the iioiii-
iuatioii of Mr. G. \V. \Voodwai'd, the l'zitive
American Judge, nominated by Mr. Polk. I
believe they came to no determiiiation. It: may
take them several days to get through with it,
iflhe Polk men support his iioininatiou.

The Senate to-day had a general debate on
Oregon, which by the fault of Mr. ‘Daillzis was
allowed to spring up on Mr. F:iirficld’s Navy
Bill. Messrs. Allen, Calhoun, VVL-bster, Hati-
iiegnii, &c. took part: in the discussion, whciithc
bill was finally made the order of the diiy for
Tucsda y next. Mr. Dallas in allowing ii
geiieriil debate on this Oregon question, on is‘
mere t1pl)1‘0l)atlUnl)lll,lltlS taken the first step
toward breaking down the dignityof the Senate.
Mr. Manguni would never li:-tve permitted such
iri'egulurity.

In the. ITIOUSI-‘., the Florida contested election
case engrossed the attention.

Speeches were made by Mr. Jones of Ga. in
favor of Mr. Bror:keubrougl1. Messrs. J. Q.
Adams, Sims of S. C. Cabell of Florida,lIarpcr
of Ohio, and others, made some explatiatioiis,
when a motion was made by Mr. Cubell to sus-
pend the Hour Rule in favor of Mr. Brecken-
brough, which was lost by fl. vote of 89 to 74;
two-thirds not voting in the aflirinaitive. The
House then adjourned.

Tnunsnnv, Jan, 22.

‘l\T1'. Allen made an explanation of sonic re-
marks which he‘ made‘ yesterday, asto the prob-
ability ofu war. He did not. believe that Gi‘ctit
Britain would declare waron account ofOregou.
If she declared war, it would be for some other
and special state reason. V

Mi‘. Allen had assigned to-inorrow for liisnio-
tion to call up his iion-interferciice, or rather
general. iiiterfereiit-e resolution—-but the Senate
adjouriied to Monday.

In the I-loos»: to-day, a resolution was adop-
ted for an enquiry whethe1'niembers ofthe 28th
Congress, or of any previous Congress, had ex-
changed their books and documents for money.

The contested Florida election occupied the
day and some suppose that fire House will
send both parties back.

The entire and thorough deft.-at and annihila-
tion of the “war party” in the Senate, is ti inat-
ter worthy of remark.

FRIDAY, Jan. 23.

The Housr: was again occupied with the Flu.
case. Mr. Giddiugsiiizidc it pretty severe reply
to‘ the several attacks to which his Oregon
speech had subjected him. Among others, Mr.-
Bediuger of Va. came in for a considerable share
of attention. Mr. B.hewcve1', dcclitied H. reply.

Mr. C-itbell of Fla. took the floor and replied
in an able and eloquent speech to the plea of
Mr. Brockeiibrougli, and in defciiceef his own
claims to the scat he occupied.

Mr. Brockeubrough explained his position.

Mr. Culver. of N. Y, followed in a niasterly
speech iiriv favor of Mr. Cabell.

Mr. Dobbin ofN_. C. followed in favor of Mr.
Brockenbrougll, when the house adjourned.

SATURDAY, Jan. 24.

The House was occupied till about 5 o’clock
with the Florida Election case. Speeches were
made by Mr. Stephens of Ga. in favor of Mi‘.
Cabell, and by Mr. Seddon of V a. in fzivo1°ofMi'.
Brockeiibrougli.

Mr. Sawyer of Ohio then moved the previous
question, which was lost by it vote of 68 to 95.

Mr. Davis of Ky. then addressed the House
in fiivor of Mr. Cabell.

Mr. Gordeti ofN. Y. then got the floor, and
moved the previous question. This was carried.

The vote was taken on vacating the seat now
held by Mr. Cabell—Yeas 10-3—Nays 80.

The vote to give the seat to Mr. Brecken-
brough was also taken by yeas and nays. Yeas
99——Nnys 85. So Mr. Cabell was turned out.
with the certificate of his election by the Loco-
Foco autliorities of Florida. in his pocket,and his
place was given to Mr. Brockeiibrougli.

Dr. White, the Delegate frein Oregon,
does not return with the Newburyport ex-
peditioii to that country, though he made
his arrangements to do so. He has been
charged with seine duty by the President,
which will require his speedy departure
over land, via Mexico". A letter from Dr.
\Vliite, received in Newburypert, announ-

ces this fact. The Doctor writes to those-

intending to embark for Oregon, that they
should take with them, as far as conven-
ient, whatever of household furniture they
can, as they will find it very dear in Or-
egon, and difliicult to obtain.

dance of the choicest snlmoii, vcusioti,
wild fozwl,” &c.

.A'ri-est of Slow S/i.z'p.s\.-—'l'l.ie Sierra Le-,

one \Vti.tclitniiii ofthe 30th ofAugust,s:iys ,

“Cotnmcticiiig from the period when
the stretigthr of the squadron was augmen-
ted by the addition of steam power, (be-
ing ulso the date of Coiiitiiotlore Joties’s
arrivnl,) in April, IS-l»-l«,"up to the last
tnontli, (June) so short it period as four-
tecii tiiontlis, no fewer than between sixty
and S(?‘l)(.‘7Jf_l/ vessels of various sizes have
been captured by her Miijesty’s cruisers,
for being engngcd- in the slave trade. Out
of this iiiiinbcr, not one has escaped con-
demnation, either for being equipped for
the slave trade, or for having slaves on
board’; in the latter case, upward of 5000
slaves have been rescued, and emancipa-
ted by tliccourts in this colony.”

NORWALK GAZE'TI‘.TE.i

\_\Ve¢lnesqlay, fan. 28, 184.6.

Arrival of the Hibernia.’

This Steamer, whose arrival has been looked
for with so much interest, on account of the sup-
posed bearing of the intelligence by her, upon
the question of peace or war, as well as upon
the fate of the English Corn-Laws, reached
Boston, after an 18 days passage froiti Liverpool,
on Friday last. Dates, from both Liverpool
and London are to the‘ 4th inst. an :22 days lu-

ter than previous advices.

Our readers will be happy to learn that the
folly and bluster of some of our loco presses,
l,.,,L.l,-_ml },y two bl-um-11¢-5 ofllic govei'iiiueiit,liave
not had the c'fi'ect to disturb the equuiiiiiiity of
the English govcrnin'eiit or people. Their cool
exercise ofcotiiiiiou sciise and disc.rct';oii, on the
subject of teri'it.oi'i:il clniiiis,pi'eseiits this country
in‘ an uiieiiviable, and most liuiniliutitig aspect.
Through our Alleiis and Casses, Giddings and
Adainses, this coniitry is made to stand forth in
coiitrzistt, striped of her iiiagiiaiiiiiiityand digiiity,
and tlie' calm coiifideiice vvliit-li it great nation
should ever have in its own honor and rcctitude
of purpose, and -tibility, if not to enforce the ex-
cerciso ofisiinilur virtue in others, at least, to
pay a due respect to itsjust. rights.

The prospect is, that our peaceful relations
with England, will not be disturbed, if there is
but a tolerable degree of fiuirness manifested, to
effect a settlement of the Oregon question.

The President’s Message had been received,
published and commented upon, througliout
the realm. And the sum of the regard paid to
it, isim expression of satisfizcfioiz. of its Tar'{5"-
v£c2cs—aiid a declaration that no previous dec-
uiuent was ever sought with greater eii1‘iiesttie.~:s
and anxiety, and none, when received, over fell
so flat.

From the European Times.

The first Message to President Polk to
Congress has created, as may be‘ readily
supposed, a greater amount of attention in
England than any similar document from
the head of the American Utiion has done
for years. Public feeling was directed to
the Message long before it arrived; its
tone, hostile or otlierwisc-, formed abun-
dant scope for conjecture in the prcss;—
and even during the exciting time of the
Ministerial crisis,journalists, overwhelined
by the importance of our relations with
the United States, stepped aside to discuss
the question, even in the absence of the
Presidcnt’s views. \Vell, the Message
came to hand in the ordinary course, by
the ship “Sea,” which tnade an excellent
passage.

Our transatlantic readers will be struck
by the absence ofall irritation- in the re-
marks of the great organs of opinion in

and this reluctance to avoid giving off.-nce,
arises altogether from the praisewortliy
desire to heal, rather than to foment, the
cause of difference between us and the
United States respecting the Oregon.
From the London Times.
On one point the Message exhibits :1

international amity. The principle of pro-
tective duties as opposed to those for rev-
enue, is clearly defined and strongly eon-

mended to put an end ‘to the oppressive
inequalities of what is called the tninium
principle, rctainrd in the tariffof 18-12,
with the general adoption ofthe ad val-
orem duties.

Oregon -is the subject which tliealmost
fanatical interest with which it has been
agitated by the States, and its consequent
bearing on the peace of the world, renders
the most prominent in the address. The
long and animated comments of the Amer-
ican press show how little disposed the
citizens have hitherto been “to let ed” the
President on this painful and delicate sub-
jccL

this country, relative to the Message ;—'

- 

the American population ever attain-a sub-
stantial preponderance, would;-snot long
remain a British colony; but occupancy,
though an irresistible power, is notia right,
and depends on numbers, not arms.

The terms of the Message imply, then,
the alternative of war, or conclusive nego-
0lat|0fl- ‘Var is too monstrous ., to be
thought of for a moment,except after every
effort at a compromise has been ,exhaus-
ted. Britain and America must be too sen-
sible of their mutual .L-enefits, mutual de-
pendence, nnd mutual respect, toperil the
substantial blessings they now enjoy, and
are daily multiplying in the "relations of
peace, for the bloody and precarious glo-
ries of war. It is all but ‘impossible that
two great and i~.indi-ed nations, after heal-
ing so wide a breach, and helping one
another to so great a common prosperity,
should become again mutual and-unnatural
destroyers for a mere-point of honor, for
a remote \vildcrness,seperated from both,
by a journey‘ of many tnoiiths, -‘by stormy
seas and almost impnssible rocks and des-
erts. Unless Mr. Polk is merely trifling
with words, and secretly scuffing at the
universal sentiments of humanity, he is
himselfincapable of so great an outrage
and injury on the country ofliis ancestors,
on the land ofliis birtli,and tlicwliole race
of man.

Another account says, speaking? of the effect
of the message upon the subjects of Louis Pitu-
LXPPE, '

Little impor:iinc‘e,- generally spraking,
is attaclied to the big and bouncing words
of the President. 'l hougli given to self
glorification thcinsclves, the French have
a 8'1] reme c: niempt (f it in others; atid
they feel, and unliesitatit gly assert, that
Cousin Jonntliaii’s self glorificatilon ap-
proaches the ridicfnlius. it is the some
with his bounce and swagger. He may
blow out his cheeks, double his fists, look
as fierce as Capt. Bobadil himself,iind deal.
out menances right and left against Eng-
lend, Europe, and “all creation,” but no-
body regards it as ou .serie22ar; nobody is
alarmed by it, nobody takes it into account.

\Ve stated in our last, that the Peel ministry
had resigned, and that Lord John Russell: had
been called upon to take the Pretniership and
form a new Cabinet. It seems now, that find-
ing himself unablu to carry out this work, he
i'ch'eat.cd from the position he'li:ul assumed, and
Sir Robert Pieeliwzis again reitistut'ed with near-
ly the same cabinet that went out with him.

The following accouiit of theseltriinsactions
we condense from the E uropean Times :

To make the ua-rra'tive intelligible, --it
must be stated that, on the day the Acadia
sailed, the London Times annouced that
the Cabinet had determined to ,repeal.the
Corn Laws for which purpose Parliament
was to be called together the first week
in January. This aniiouncetnent took the
_empire by surprise. In the course ofa

long connexion with the newspaper press,
i we tiever remember an article or announce-
vment which caused so much st'ir—-so deep
and wide-spread a sensation.’ The fre-
quent meetings of the Cabinet, duriugthé
pr :ceding tnonth or six wet ks had bafiled

syrnpathy “vjth guy 0“vn D/linisgel-jg] inten- speculation. That (IISSBIISIOII existed \\'8:3
tions as marvellous as it is auspicious ofi"e"Y Probablei “lei dlseuse ‘lmongst the

lpotatoes progressed; the fears of a fami-it'e
{were increasing; the cry for the opening
ithc ports had been disregarded, and with

demned ; and [he Legislature is recon].-,lhe public mind in this Slilié Of Gila?!“ and

lsuspcnse came forth the astounding starte-
lmcnt of the Times. It was the greatest
,tnoral' earthqiialce which has been experi-
}enced in our time. The effect, amongst
ltlie commercial, manufacturing, and trad-
ging class, was elect-rical. Every one
[seemed buoyant and happy but the unfor-
ltunate landlord class—tlie protectionists;
-the still more astounding intelligence fell
lupen the public ear that Sir‘. Robert Peel’s
‘Ministry shattered by internal divisions,
.bad broken down—was out of office-—at
lan‘ end-—nur‘nbered with the‘ past.

I

l The Queen at this time, was staying at

\Vlmt is actually sail] is nej1her:l.lle Isle of “fight. Hither the‘ Ministers
more nor less than what a million voicesfléd as swiftly as locomotive and marine

have dictated and we have long lmown.‘engines could carry thrm, tendered their

resolved and prepared.
The President takes great credit to him-

refused, the President thinks it necessary
to apologise’ to‘ hi's democratic supporters.
He pleads, with all the humiliation of one

peated trials, would not be accepted.

i
l

ise is now over.

failed,” Mr. Polk recommends that notice
should be given to terminate the joint oc-

He adds 3 -cupation of the country; that the laws
“l““’° "0 “l’l’"’l‘°"Sl°“S “S ‘O l“'°"l5l°“55 and institutions of the Union should be ex-
the country abounds with the necessaries E tended to the American sealer in Oregon ;
oflife. and certaitily we have some of its.m,d that military posts should be esmb-
hlxurj"-‘5a= lfnoi dell”-flsless S"Cl| as 0" flhlm' lislied for their protection. All formidable
enough, could we believe it possible that
any civilized nation would really plunge

into so fatal and suicidal error, as to de-
fend by war the mere right of occupation
land the still mote imaginary claim to which
lMr. Polk a‘so

icnn continent.

be one of iiegociation, not arms.

and more certain.

most, could hardly fail in the course often
_years, to result in a repetition ofthe game
}of Texas, or rather of the original Declar-
liation of lndepcndciicc. Oregon, should

tions of the British Cabinet. It is already

“All attempts at compromise having

refcrs—the antecedent
right of the Union to all the un-settled and
undecided territory on the North Amer-
Tlic declaration is too
premature, however, to be really alarming.
It proposes to bring things to an immedi-
ate issue, and that immediate issue must
A slow-
er eourse might have been tnore insidious
Mr. Calhoun’s policy
of giving no notice, but pushing the un-
doubted riglit ofjoint occupancy to the ut-

It need not augment the terrors of the Euro-1'6S_lg"i1ll0“~°s “ml merely “'fll1‘€d “"3 3?"
pean alartnists, and it certainly will’ notpointmcnt of-'_their successors. The Queen

change the resolves or add to the pf-eparflu I having an Of DC!‘ ministers being at
,sixes_ and sevens on the Corn Laws, and.

apprehending the result, dispatched _.,a
;special messenger to Lord John Russell,

self for having made an offer that he a_c-l\Vl'>0’ W35 5t3}’l"g 3‘ Edi“b‘“'gh' He lm‘
knowlcdges to be -less than what the Brit-1 mediately left f0!‘ London, received the
isli govern-ment has repeatedly declined.‘

In making this proposal, already twicezand collecting together his colleagues,

:Queen’s commands to form a Goveinment;

:who met, talked, compared notes, measur-
:ed the strength of their opponents, their
,own weakness, the importance of the cri-

bound'by prescriptive compliances, that'sis, and the feeling which animated the
he had been obliged to proceed on thezpeople Out Of doors, L01‘d gl0hnvfl€i¢_|'mil1-
basis of compromise, and asks the public led t0 accept the P05‘ Of F"_3t_M"1iS1€l‘ Of
coudolance, for that under this bondage,the Crown, and the responsibility of gov-
he had offered, what it was ktiown by re-
To
make amends for this self-imposed indig-
nity, he dcclaies that the. day ofcomproin-

'erning the country. The Cabinet, in all
its essential features, was a rehashtof the
Melbourne Ministry. It was based on the
immediate and unconditional repeal of the

have the prestige of the League, the Vice
Presidency of the Board of Trade was of-
fered to Mr. Cobden and declined—dccliu-
ed by the man whose tactics called the
Ministry into existence, and who .. has
shown, in the pursuit of that great com-
mercial reformation of which he is the
apostle, a grasp of intellect, a firmness of
purpose, a quiet suavit.y of manner, equal
to any emergency, and capable of ennob-
ling any situation. - ’

But while attention was fixed upon the
dramatis persons, the public Wet‘? astonish-
ed by learning that the attempt had been
made, and had failed—thnt the leaders
could not agree amongst themselves, and
that all was chaos‘ once more. It subse-
quently transpired that Lord Grey had

Cabinet if Lord Palmerston held the seals
of the Foreign Office. That blow wasuns

proceeded seems undeniable; but theta:
cause, in itself so apparently trifling,
should have broken up a Cabinet, and pro-
duced results-so momentous,.shows clearly
;enough that the embryo Ministers had’no't_-

deeply felt the responsibility, thepe!iilo_tt_s-

Wr.:_. .2 .

Corn Laws; and in order that it might '

caused the hitch, by refusing to join the_'

locked for in the quarter from which it‘

they heart in the work. 'l‘hcy.mu_st,hav_e«