\
-the Secretary
ouch disgrace and dishonor as had been
cast on the the country during the last three
months. 'l‘he Senate then adj.
In the House, the resolution of Mr Mor-
gan to reestablish the one hour rule was
p‘osipon‘ed by gc“ner'al‘consent. ’ ‘ “'1 ‘
'l‘he Loan Bill was-‘again taken up, and
Mr Gentry made a speech of about 2 hour:
iii reply to Messrs Wise and Profit, wliost
remarks as well as. the i,-ditorialsof the Ex-
ecutive organ find ofthe hireling Tyler
Press throughout theicountry‘ be quoted as
proofs of asystematic attempt throughout
the country to stigmatize the Legislative
branch of Government, and in defence ‘of
the action of the majority in the House ol
, Representatives this Session. and of the whig
measures of the Extra Session. _ ,
Mr Raynor reluctantly engaged in the
war, which he said had been, coiiirncnced, by
Mr Wise, and spoke at length obithe subject
of party politics, rind iii_ defence ofthe mani-
festo Whigs, of the consistency and patriot-
ism of the Whig party, and in exposition of
the ambitious motives of the President and
Cor_poral’s Guard, with whorii and the
Democratic party, although it was disguised
on the floor, at the VVhite House there was
a’ union. The selfstyled Deinocrates had
seduced the acting President from his for
mer principles, and abandoning him, turned
round to the VVliigs and taunting them with
want of action for the relief ofthe country.
and non compliance with their promises,
when it was well known that they ,were
thwarted at every step by one who, having
been brought into power by them, had trea-
ted them with treachery. If his advice ‘had
P,-evai]ed_ the Whig party would long since
have declared a total separation froui John
Tyler, and absolved themselves entirely
from responsibility for his measures.
Mr Lane at some length vindicated the
Whig doctrines and measures, condemning.
as false and recreant to every principle of
olitical honor and honesty, John Tyler.
- The House at halfpast 5 o’clock adj.
. TUESDAY, March 29.
In Senate to day, after the ‘presentation of
petitions’ and Executive communications-—
among which wasthe Message recently re-
ceived by the House. recornmendiiigihe re-
peal ofthe Distribution Act, and other impor-
tant business.
I, Mr Merrick, for the Committee on Post
Ofiices and Roads. reported a bill extending
the lranking privilege to ex Vice Presidents.
Mr Tapp-an introduced an Appropriation
Bill.
The resolution of Mr King calling onthe
President for inforiiiatioii relative to the
state of negociations between the United
States Government 6‘; Mexico, was adopted.
Mr Clay’s resolutions were then taken
up, and Mr Wright withdrew his amend-
ments, stating that they were embracedhby
the auiendinents ofl'ei‘ed by Mr Rives. which
it will be rccollected, propose to strike out
the 2d, 3d, 4th and 5th resolutions, (relative
to the rate of duty the iiecessiry amount to
be raised. the Distribution Act, See.) and iii-
sert a provision for the suspension of the
Distribution Act, and adherenceto the Com-
roniise. ___ _,
"iiBilié“Eah“as-fit-its debated" at sdiiie’ length,
by_;\/ICSSIS. Rives, Clay. King, Mcfloberis,
Berrien, Archer and l~’reston. The Senate
then went into Executive Session.
I.fl".ll0 House, a motion of Mr Adams was
adopted, authorizing all iiieiiibers who have
petitions to present to hand them to the
Clerk, to be received under the supervision
of the Speaker.
The Loan Bill was again taken up in
Coiiiiiiittee of the Whole, and Mr Colquit.
made a fiery Loco Foco speech in coniem
nation ofthe Whig party, in reply to Messrs
Rayiier, Lune, &c.
Mr Mcléeon expressed his deep regret
at the disastrous condition of the country, 6:.
. pointed as an example of the mode of relief,
.to the State of New York, whose Legisla-
ture had dared to come up to ‘direct taxation,
as the result of which he prophesied the
stocks of that State would be at par before
-niiiety days. He expressed his entire dis-
belief in the efficacy of Lord As_hburton’s
mission.
'1 he debate was farther continued till a late
hour by Mr Smith of Va. who undertook to
prove that Van Buren’s Administration left
-no public debt. that the distresses of the
-country were_ brought on entirely by the
Whigs, &c. The Senate then adj.
. WEDNESDAY, March 30.
In Senate to day, after the pl‘t:Sl-.‘lildl.lO[l of
petitions—:iiiiong which was one presented
by Mr. Clay signed by Washiiigtoii, Irving
and others from New York, for an lnterna
tional Copyright Luv, his concurrence in the
views of which Mr. C. briefly stated.
Mr. King moved to take up his resolution
fixing 30th May proximo, for adjourniiieiit.
After some conversation on the subject by
Messrs. King, Archer, and P-restoii, Mr.
K. for the present withdrew the motion.
Mr. Tripp-an’s Apportiomiient Bl“, fixing
the ratio at 68,000, was made the order for
Monday. . l '
Mr. Clay’s resolutions were taken up.
and after adc-bate of some length by Messrs.
Clay, Rives, Bates. Mangum,Walkei', Wood-
bury, Calhoun, Wright and Archer, Mr.
Rivigs’ aiiieiidiiient to sustain the Distribution
-‘Act, was rejected: Ayes 2], Noes.22.
'1‘he firstund sixth resolutions declaring
lit the dutyof Government to raise adequate
revenue without resort to temporary expedi-
ents, and the necessity of abolishing all use-
.less ofiici.-s,and curtailing all unnecessary ex-
’ penses, doc. were adopted. _
. T.he remainder of the resolutions were
disposed of by reference to the appropriate
xgmmittees, The Senate then adjourned. _
. , ‘In the Hougethe Loan Bill was immedi-
81813. taken up in Committee Of, the Whole,
-Mr. Ward in the Chair, and Mr.‘ Alherl-on
occupied the floor till 2 o’clock in a long
,.m~gurncnt against Distribution, and an at-
"3mP‘ ‘O l'”'°"e that “*9 wl“-‘3 Pan)’ 3'3 W‘ thrown in theway) the House will be chit. discrimination, having reference to revenue.
bled rapidly to proceed, first with the Appro- but at the same time necessarily aflqrdjng
-responsible forthe public debt. 560.
The ho," of mo havmg arrived, the debate
ceased, and the aiiiend-iIW.m5’m‘§“Y beifig of relief so urgently demandedthe by exigen dustry. it seems quite equally probable that
. ofi“-e,'_l_...were ’vo,ted,on, ttfl(_.l- the bill was re- _
'porti-d to-the House. V _ _
Mr.-Wise’s amendment, piovid=i=n-g that
..g_tock when elow parrwas rejected.
pledging the larid,proeeedc- to the rederiiption
.cies- of the country.
or lhestock. This siibject_:'-:hal_d beéfn d-.-'¢l’£ir;'”
ed out oforder,°Mr. WC" pertinaciously insist-
ed on lt,—and stopping all business with points
‘of order, a;c., by ‘general agreeiiicntthe ques-
lion was taken, iind_,,tb_e, arnenrlmcnt r_ejected._
' by the't'ri'urn'pli'iint vote of I04 to 77—thus
ilfordihg a conclusive evidence that the Land
Bill car_inot_bo repealed at present.
Amendments by Mr. Cooper of Ga., and
Mr. Roosevelt to suspend the Distribution
by similar votes. The amendment of the
Committee of ways and means ‘authorizing
the sale ofthe ‘stock below par if necessary
had heretofore been rejected, andfan ‘amend-
ment of Mr. Everett providing for the nego-
tiating the loan at the shortest time possible
at pa r, not exceeding twenty years, was sub-
stituted. The amendment to strike out the
provision for the addition of five millions,
was withdrawn The other amendments of
the Coiiiuiittee of ways and means were
adopted ; "and all others were rejected,
among. which one by" Mr. Barnard prohibit-
ing the Secretary of the Treasury to pay out
Treasury Notes alter the passage of this act,
at places where they are below par, without
allowing the discount. '
The Bill was then reported to the House
and Mr. Fillmore siiccecdi-d in gcttirig the
firior, and moved again the ameudiiient au-
thorizing the sale of the stock, below par if
necessary, after a reasonable arlvertiseii.ent.
He. also explained the necessity of retaining
the provision for the addition of the five iiiill-
ions to the loan, if this was not done they
would be called on for fuzther loan of'l‘reas-
tiry Notes before the close ofthe Session.
MI‘. W. C. Jones after bricf remarks in
support ofthe amt-ndment moved the previous
question- The House adjoureed without
further action. ’
THURSDAY, Marcli, 31.
Ii'iSenate, to day Mi‘. Clay resigned his
Seat, after which that body adjourned.
In the House, Mr. S:-iltonstall, from the
Committee on manufactures. reported it bill
to regulate the tariff’, which was twice read
and sent to Committee of the Whole.
The Loan Bill then came up and the
question was taken on the amendments.
That moved by Mr. Fillmore, autliorising
the Secretary to sell ‘the stock for what it
would bring, was rejected 97 to 99. All
the other amendments made in Coinmittce of
the VVl'iole were agreed to and the Bill was
ordered engrossed for a third reading 104 to
97. A motion to reconsider was afterwards
passed l0l to 90. Mr. Fillmore’s amend-
ment was now adopted 99 to 97, and the bill
was ordered to a third reading 106 to 9|.
A Message was received from the Presi-
rlenl transmitting extracts of letters frorri Mr.
Reily. Texan Consul, and suggested on be-
li.-ilfof his Governrnent, such modifications
ofexisting U. S. laws as will impart greater
facility to the trade between the two coun-
tries, and others expressing a desire for some
re‘Q'l]l:il.lOl1Iojyllllplitivt-‘ communication by
post between Texas and the United States.
The House then adjourned.
~ FRIDAY, April I.
x:b‘nTniaee rtcji‘-t")li_'fi:tl’ii'l)Tl'lil7'rdiflfligl‘W bat’?
to prepare rules and regulations for the Na-
i'_v. Onposed by Messrs. Allen, Calhoun
-ind \Vooilbiiry. and laid on the table.
Mr. VV!iOlll.')'.]fV introduced a bill providing
that the Pri-sident may appoint “tempo,-gr-;]V
to any office in the Treasury or ‘.-‘v'ai- Dé.
paitrnenls which may be \’r'3C:~1nl§,
The loan Bill was rnceived from the
House, read and referred to the Committee
on Finance. 4
Some less important business was trans
acted, some time spent in Executive business,
and the Senate adjourn--rl ovcr to Moiidav.
In the House. l\lr. Roosevelt l'e;i0l'loll a
bill providing that an ofiicer ofthe Customs
who may serve but a fraction of a year (or
over a ye'ir or years) shall receive pay only
for his actual term of service. [As the law
stands, a Collecter is limited to $5,000 a
year, but may receive that amount for ten
days, ifhe. should die, resign or be remov-
ed at the expiration of such tierm] M r.VVin
tbrop advocated this bill—-it \-\ as read three
times, passed and sent to the Senate.
The House refused to take iipthe bill
relative to the District Banks, and proceeded
in Committee to consider P|‘lV.’.‘il8 Bills, of
which forty-eight were agreed to and re-
ported.
Among the petitions lately presented are
several by Mr. Gates from some hundreds
ofciiizens of Genesee and \Vyoming c.oiin-
ties reprehi-oiling the violence, disorderly
conduct and delay in business in Congress,
and asking the following salutary Reforms.
VIZ:
Isl. The abolition of mileage for members.
2-l. RPllUCllfJl] of pay to five dollars per day.
3d. Abolition of the franking privilege, ex-
cept during the session.
4ili. Abolition of the allowance ofsiaiionery.
5ll'|. The adoption ofthe one-hour rule.
6Ili Alljriiirnnieni on llie 4ih March each year.
7ili. Expulsion rifmeiiibers who shall indulge
in personalities in debate, and such other re-
form as re-ireiich the present enormous experts-
es. and restore to Congress the respect of the
American people. _
SATURDAY, April 2.
In the House, a part of the day was em-
ployed in considering the claims of Revolu-
tionary pensioners and private claiiii-ants of
the Government, justice towards whom has
been so long deferred.
The numerous private bills yesterday
acted on in Committee were reported to the
Housc, twelve or fifteen were passed.
The House adjourned to meet at eleven
o'clock A. M. Vlontlay, which is to be the
hour of meeting hereafter.
The one hour rule will probable be adopt-
ed Monday, with the aid of which, and that
alreadyadopted,’ fixing a time to terminate
while so many Loco Foco obsticles are
priation Bill, and then with various nieasu res
-:.€3-.
.Suspe7isz'on of Impro1:eme7zts.——B_v the
of the Treasury buy up the decided vote of 78 to M. the ,ll0l1S*=- 0f,Rvp, work o_f revising the tariff of duties, which
resentatives on Elriday week, deterniined to in the present-emergency would seeinto
Mr. Vlfise then offered an airicndrneni suspend, mitilfuit/rer lcgzslutzve action. all be ‘indispensiblc._I cannot" too strongly re.
commend the cultivation of ii spirit ‘of mutual
!fie.:P2,t£i1.‘ic ”lV071t5 ~.'-—P/zilazl. Evzqu-ivcr.
Ac}: ’”"d«t~° Pledge ‘he Pf“?-‘ids 9f. lililflsiaccj the indispensible obligation‘ of again inviting
flulrcd from Fmnce and Sim" were relecle vour most serious attention to the condition
debate in Committee, (which are utterly in- to lay additional duties on imports,‘ in order-
dlspcnsablc to the perfecting any business. to meet the ordinary current expenses ofthe
diities on
iispecialpiilressage‘ of the ;‘.President.
To the -Senate and House of Representatives
I .. -. . . qflhe‘Uniled Slate:
Notvvithstanding the iirgency with which
I haveon more than one occasion felt it my
dutyto press upon Coiigrcss the necessity 0!
providing the Government with the means of
discharging its debts and maintaining invin-
late the public faith, the increasing embar-
rassments of the Treasury impose upon me
bf the finances. Fortunately for myself, in
thus bringing this important subject to your
view, for a deliberate andconiprehensive ex
ainination in all its bearings, and, I trust I
may add, for a final adjusiiiient of it, to the
cornmon advantage of the whole Union, 1
am permitted to approach it with perfect
freedom and candor. As few ofthe burdens
for which provision is now required to be
made have been brought upon the country
dtiring my short administration of its afi'airs,
l have neither motive or wish to make them
a matter ofcriniination againstiany of my
predecessors. I am disposed to regard, as
Iain bound to treat them, as facts. which
cannotnow be undone, one,as deeply interest-
ed to us all, do rqually imposing upon all the
solemn duties; and the only use I would
make ofthe errors of the past is, by a careful
examination of the causes and character, to
avoidif possible the repetition of them in
future. The condition ofthe country. indeed
is such as may well arrest the conflict of
parties. The conviction seems at length to
have made its way to the minds of all, that
the dispropoitiori bt.’f.\\'(“L'n the public respon-
sibilities and the means providcd for meeting
them is no casual nor transient evil. It is.
on the contrary, one which, for some years
to come, notwithstanding a resort to all rea-
sonable re.-trenchiiii-nts, and the constant
progress of the country in populalinn and
prodiiciive power, must continue to increase
under existing laws, unless we consent to
give up or impair all our defences in case of
war and peace. But this is a thought
which, Iain pursuaded, no patriotic mind
would for ii moment eiiteilaiii. V\-’itlioiit af-
fecting an alarm which may safely be nffirin
ed that they are in a state [00 ci'itical and
involve too many momentous issues to per-
mit us to neglect in the least, much less to
abandon cntircly those means of asserting
our rights, without which negotiation is
without dignity and peace without security
In the Report of the Secretary of the
Treasury,‘ siibmitted to Congress at the com.
iiiencemcnt of the present session, it is esti-
mated that, after exhausting all the probable
resources of the year, there will rctnain a
deficit of about $l4.000.000. Vi-"ilh a view
partly to a pPl‘fIlfll)E‘nt system of rcvcniw, and
partly to immediate l'i"ll('f from actual em-
biirrassment, that officer recommended, to-
getber with a plan for rstablisliiiic a Gov-
ernment Excliequer, some expo-dirnts of n
more teinporary clinracier, viz. the issuing
-Aj ‘ I .. I
5:" ' , .
harmony and concession,‘ to which the Gov-
ernment itsclf'owes,its origin. and without
the continued exertions o_f which jarringfand
discord would univi‘-rsally prevail. ‘
An additional_. reason fortlie. increase of
duties in some instances beyond the rate of
'20 per cent. will exist in fulfilling the re-
co_inmendations already madi.-, and now re-
peated, of making adequate appropriations
for the defences oi the country. -
By the express provision of the act ilistri-.
buting the proceeds ofthe sales ofthe public
lands amongihe States, its operation is ipso
lzicto to cease so soon asthe rate of the duties
shall exceed the limits prescril.-ed in the act.
‘ In recommending the adoption of meas-
urvs for distributing the proceeds ofthe poli-
lic lands among the States at the continence-
ineni of the last session of Congress, such
distribution was urged by arguments and
consideration which appeared to me then,
and appear to me now, of great "weight, and
was placed on the condition that it should
not render nccessary any departure from the
ictof i838. It is with sincere regret that
[now perceive the necessity of departing
from that act; because I am well aware
ihatexpectations justly eiitertained by some
ofthe States will be disappointed, by any
occasion which shall withhold from the pro
cceds of the lands. But the condition was
plainly expressed in the message. and was
inserteil in terms equally plain in the la w it-
self; and ‘itflllilrl. the einbarrassiiients which
surround the country on all sides. and beset
both the General and the state Governinents,
it appears to me that the first ol‘-ji-ct and
highest in importance is to establish the
crcdit ofthis government. and to place it on
durable. foundations, and thiisafford the most
efleclual support to the credit of the States.
eqiiul at least to what it would receive from
ii direct distribution of the proceeds of the
sales of the public lands.
..\Vhen the distribution law was passed
there was reason to anticipate that there
.would soon be a real surplus to distribute.
On that assumption it was, in my opinion,
a wise, a just and a bcnilicii-nt measure.—
But to continue it in foice while there is no
such surplus to distribute, and when it is
iiianilestly necessary not only to increase the
duties, but at the same time to Lorrow mon-
.-y in order to liquidate the public debt and
diseiiibarrass the public Tr:-asu ry, would
cause it to be regarded as an unwise alii.-ria-
lion of the best security of the public credit,
which would with difficulty be excused, and
could not be justifiid.
Causes of no ordinary cliarzictcr have re-
cently deprissi-d Aineiicuii credit in the
stock iiiarkct of the world to ix degree quite
unprecedciitcd. I need scarcely mention
the condition of the banking riistitutioiis ul
some of the SLEIIBS, the vast amount of for-
eign debt contracted during it period of wild
speculation by corporatioiis and iiidiviiluals,
and above all, the doctrine of repudiation of
contracts sulemny entered into by States,
which although as yet applied only under
of Treasury notes and the extension of the
time for which the loan airhorizetl to ‘-* *
gotiati-d by the act of the last session
be taken. Cririgress accordingly pr
.flC:_l‘vi'lfl issue qf "f:'l_‘t-.3aSl.ll‘_V' notes to the a,
that they should not be paid away
par. ' .
two yerirs above lllt‘llll0'IlE‘-fl was introduced
until recently,’ into the llouse of R.:"j)l‘€Sé‘.[ll.2t-
tivi-s. Should the loan bill,,now pending
before that body pass into oi‘ law, for its
prrsrrit amount. there would still rcinain ii
deficit of 332,500 000. It |'t‘ql]l'i‘t'S no argu-
ment to show that such a condition of the
Tri-asury is incompatible not only with a
high state of public credit, but with any thing
approacliing to effiiiiency in the conduct oi
public afliiirs. It must be obvious, even to
the most experienced.mi_nds, that, to sm-
notbing ofany pzirticular" exigeiicy, flClU:‘fl
or imminent, there should be at all times in
the Treasiiry of a great nation, with a view
to contingencies of o‘r_dinary occurri.-rice, a
surplus at least equal in ll!l‘:l')Ul'll to the above
deficiency. But tliat_,,di-ficiency, serious as
it would be in itself, will, Iain compelled to
say, rather be iuvri.-ascd than diminished,
without the adoption of measures adequate to
correct the evil at once. --The stauiiaiion of
trade and business, in some degree incident
to the derangement of the national finances,
and the. state of‘ the revenue laws, hold out
but little prospect of relief in the ordinary
course of thiiic_rs for some time to come. I
Undcrsuch circumstances, I am dceeplv
impressed with the necessity of meeting the
crisis with ii vigor and decision which it
impcritively deiiianrls at the hands of all en-
trusted with the conduct of public nfiiiil‘S.——
The gravity of the evil calls for a reinedv
in proportion to it. No slight palliativcs or
occasional cxpedients will give the country
the rel:-ifit needs. Such measures, on the
contrary, will in the a nd, as is now manifest
to all, too surely multiply its elnl):ll‘I':lSSlllr-‘DiS.
Relying, as I am bound to do,on the represen-
taiives of apeople i'eli'l€'l”e(l illustrious among
iiaiioiis by hnvin,<,_r-paid off‘ its whole public
debt, I shall‘ not shrink from the responsibil-
ity iinposed upon uie by the Constitution of
pointing out such measures as will, in my
opinion, ensure adequate relief. I am the
inorr.-encourage-d to recomincnd the course
whicli necessity exacts, by the confidence
which I have in its complete success. The
resources ofthe. country, in every thing.that
constitutes the wealth and strength of mi-
tions. are so abundant—the spirit of a most
industrious, enterprising, and, intelligr-nt
people is so energetic and elastic, that the
government will be without the shadow of
excuse for its delinquciicy, if the difficultv
which now ernbarrass it be not speedily and
effectually removed.
From present indication, it, is hardly
doubtful that Congress will find it necessary
Covernment. in the exercise of a. sound
incidental protccton to manufacturing in-
some articles of importation
will have to be a,¢~l,i?7t'i‘nced,,above twenty
per cent. In perfofiming this important
No measure ‘connected-wi_th the last of the
.-:--:-»-----ta"-‘-'s of a peculi..i' chiracter, and
iuked with severity by the mor-
he couiiiiuuity, is yet so very
nd in at Ciovelllll-lelll depending
.'r.i-ii...» en u,-ry nl..i-tiring» tluii inr-
made by it to our disadvantage
I -, is any thing but surprising.-
Uuder such circuiiistaiiiccs, it is iiiiperiilively
due from us to the People whom we repre-
sent, that when we go into the money mar-
l(l‘l. to contract at loan, we SllOUl(I Leialei‘ such
secuiities as to cause the money lender as
well at home as abroad to feel that tl.e iiiost
propitious opportunity is afforded him of iii-
v..<I.ing pl‘0l‘.l.ul‘.lly and judiciously his capitol
A Govt-riiiiieiit \\ lii-th has p-ilCl oiiitlie debts
of two wars. waged it ilh the most powerlul
nation of .-nuderii tiines,should not be brought
to the necessity of cliallering for terms in
ilic money inarket. Under such circum-
Sl.-lflCt.‘S as I have iidvi-i'ted to, our object
slioutld be to produce with the capitalist a
feeling ofeiitiie confidence, byu teiider of
that sort of security which in all times past
has been esteemed sufiivicrit, and which lor
the small illli0UIlI of our proposed ind. l)lt'(l-
llt'SS will unhesitatiugly be regarded as ani-
ply ado quote. -
W,__hile at pledge ofall the revenues amount
to_‘iici"iii6'ije than is implied in every instance
vviieii llie’Goveriiiiiciit ’CUllll"ctt.‘lS a debt, and
although it ought in ordinary circuiiistunces
to be entiiely siitisliictoi'y, yet in times like
iliese the capitalist would feel better satisfied
with the. pledge of a specific fund, ample iri_
iiiagnitude to the payiiit-tit of his inten stand
ultimate reiiiiliuiseiiient of his pi"iiicipal.—-
Such is the cliaracter ofthe land lund. The
most vigilant money dealer will readily per-
ceive that not only will his interest be secure
on such a pledge, but that a debt ol'$l8,-
000,000 or $20,000,000 would, by the sur-
plus ofof sales over and above the piyinent
of the interest, be extinguished within any
reasonable time fixed for its redt‘-iription. To
relieve the Treasury from its embarrass-
menis, and to aid in meeting its requisitions
until time is allowed for any new tariff of
duties to becoriie available, it wouldseein to
be necessary to fund a debt approticliing to
$18,000,000; and, in order to pla_cethe ne-
gociation of the loan l-eyond a reasonable
doubt, I submit to Congress whether the
Proceeds of tile sales of the public lands
Should not be pledged for the p'rly(Ilt.'f1l.0fIl]L‘
interest, and the Secretary of the Treasury
be authorized, oulof the surplus ofthe pro-
ceeds of stich sales, to purchase the stock,
when it can be procured on such terms as
will render it beneficial in that way to ex-
lingiiish the debt and prevent the accumula-
tion ofsuch surplus while its distribtiiion is
suspended.
No one can doubt that were the Federal
Treasury now as prosperous as it n as ten
years ago, and its fiscal operations conducted
by an efficient agency of its own, co-exteii-
sive with the Union, the einba_i'rassnienls of
the Statvs, and corporations in them, would
product-,:_,__ei.'en ifcontiiiued as they are, (were
that p ssible.) effects far less disastrous than
those inoiv experienced. It is the disorder
here at the heart and centre of the system,
that paralyzi-s and deranges every part of
i_t. .VVbo does not know the periiianent im-
portiince, not to the Federal Government
alone, but to every State and every individ-
ual within its jurisdiction, even in their most
public opinion and a judicious adm_inistra-
tion here? The syinpatliyiis instantaneous
and universal. 'I‘o attempt to. remedy tlie;
evil of the deranged credit and currency of
the Slates while the disease is allowed to
ragein the vitalsoltbis Government would
be ailiopeless iiiidert~.iking. T I
It is the full conviction of tliistruth which
euiboldt-ns me most earnestly to recoiiiiiicnd
to your early and serious consideration the
measures how submitted to your br'llCl‘_illtlgt.‘-
mcnis, as well as those, to, which your atten-
tion has been already invited. The first
great want of the country, that without an-
swering which all attempts at bettering ’ the
present condition of things will prove fruit-
less, is :1 complete ri.-storatioiiof the credit
and fiances ol the Federal Government.
The '§%iiirce and foiindzitioii of all credit is
in the confidence which the Government in
spires, andjust in proportion as that confi-
dence shall be sh «ken or Cllllllfllshtd, will
be the distrust auion;=- all classes of the co_i_n-
munity. and the derangeinent and demorali-
zation in every branchyofbusiness and all
the interests of the country. Keep tip the
Standard of good faith and punctuality in
the operations of the General Govcrnineni,
and all partial irregularities and disorders
will be rectified by the influence of its ex-
ample ; but stiffer that standard to be dcbas-
ed or disturbed, and it is impossible to fore-
see to what degree of degradation and con-
fusion all financial interests, public and pri-
vate may sink. In such at country as this,
the Repri-sentativcs ofthe People have only
to will it, and the public credit will be as
high as it ever was.
ZlIy own views of the measurescalculated
to effect this great and desirable ol=ject I
have thus frankly expressed to Congress,
under cii'cuiiist-ances which give to the in
iire subject a peculiar and solemn interest.
The Executive can do no more. If [lie
credit ofthe country be exposed to question ;
if the public defenci-s be broken down or
\\'c'E1li't:l]I:(l; if the whole administration of
public afliiirs be embarrassed for want ofthe
flt’Ct‘SSi1l‘_V means for conducting them with
vigorarid effect. I trust that this departinent
of the Government will be found to have
done all that was in its power tp avert such
evils, and will be acquitted of all just blame
on the account of them. JOHN TYLER.
I'Vaslti/igton. ;\"l.irch 9.5, 18112.
Arrival of the Columbia.
The Sieaiiier Colt.-iiibia ariived at Halifax
on the morning ol'ilie 25th uli. in a disabled
condition. Her main shaft was broken when
14 days out, which compelled a recourse to
sails, being assisted by ilie use of one engine.
The C. brought 43 passengers, who together
with the mails were brought into Boston by ilie
Steamer Unicorn. She met with it large noni-
bei oficebergs.
It is said that the Columbia will work her
way back to Liverpool for repairs by the use
of her sails.
The inforcemeiits which have already
sailed, or are about to sail, for China amount
to seventeen ships of war.
_A,_ letter fi‘_iiiii Ruiue l‘i-'fil'c-icit"-nI_S that ‘<-
Brug.-,.-,g. qviziflllly 01' Bll0\V tiud fallen this
year in Italy than has ever been reiiiein-
tiered.
The Great V\-'estern Steamer is in future
to Sail alternatly from Bristol and Liver-
pool.
All transported convicts will henceforth
be sent direct to Van Dieiiiuii‘s Land, in-
stead of Sydney, New South Halt-s.
A rumor is current that the French go-
vcrniiieiit has discovered a no v and loriiildu
ble plot against the lives of the king of the
French and his liiinily, and that, in conse-
quence, the most extiaordiniiry precautions
are taken to guard the Tuilleiies and va-
rious entraiiices thert-to.
The loids commissioners of the admiral
ty have ordered that in lulurv, all steam \"t‘S
scls shall carry a coiiipleiiicnt of marines.--
First class steairi frigati s one lieutenant,
one sergeant, one corporal, one diiiiiiiiiei',
and twenty eight men, or one serge-.ini, one
corporal, and twenty iiieii, accul'd.ii‘g to the
ace ‘-l|llIl()ditl.lUu on board. The Uiiver and
Gorgon sti-aiii frigates have ulreiiily had ina-
rll1euUf'llCt‘l'S appointed to them. All tia-
steam iessels have cine Cull.-Ulill and nint-
privates; that nuiiibe- joiiied the Kite
and Volcano Steaiiii lilgates last wceli’.
Brifis/i i’a.rl-ia./iic/it.—Sii'ii:e the fast arri-
val, .~ever.il debates in J.)ul‘lluIllt‘l)l. on the
Corn L:-iws have been brought to a close.-
The iii.ijority on Mr. Villers’ aiiieiidiiieiit to
Lord J. l{ussel's uiulioii, \vliic..*i involved
the question of corn law, was voted down by
H inajoi‘ily of 303 in favor of corn law. It
is evident from [HIS that the Cabinet posses-
ses a strength which no other Cabinet has
attained for many years.
‘ra,nce.—Tlii: tioii ratification of the
slave treaty by France, still engages theat-
tention of the Paris papers.
A great sensation was created in the
French capitol on Wednesday morning by
the. announceiiient, of the London papers
tliiit the slave treaty had been ratified with-
out the participation of France. At first
the int:-lligence was not believed, because
the Presse,:iniiiistt~rial journal,declai'ed that
the Htllficullon had not taken place; but
when the report of‘ the proceedings of Par-
liament was made known, all doubts were
set at rest; and the public began to take an
interest in the affair. The funds fell nearly
half per cent. and the people seem to cori-
sider that the situation of France was nearly
similar to that of 1840, when the great pow-
ers had concluded a treaty with her.
Spztin.—'l‘hei'e are many indications of
further revolutionary iiioveinents in Spain,
though hostilitits had not yet actually brok-
en out. An union between the Chrislinos
and Carlists was said to have taken place to
a considerable extent, under the auspices of
the French influence, the object of‘ which
was the explosion of Espariero, and the de-
molition ofthe British influence in the Pe-
ninsula. The union ofthe son of Don Cair-
los with the Queen [s.bi-lla was publicly
talked of, and considered as settled. There
had been some rlistiirbaiices at Bareclona,
but their nature, extent and objects, are not
clearly given in the,English.p.apers.
The news from China. which comesdoivn
ENDS.
a:v~
‘:l ‘
- From the Jour. of Com. of the 30th -ult.
Great‘ Temperaiice Procession.-— One of _
the largest and most interesting processions;
we have beheld for a long time, paraded our
streets yc sterday. it consisted of set-emf
thousand intriibers of Terriperan’r‘e'lSiiiii5ii3s
in this city and neigl;i,boi‘hood. . So-ggent .
a l’lUllil)l'I' of persons, with so many ii:agi_ii_fi:'
Ct nt flags, l-ariners, and other insignia, it-"'ri-'5
in themselves sufficient to furnish a -delight-
lul spectacle, even _to idle curi_os_ity.; V bn_t__tp
the mind of Christians and p’hilan’tliropist,' it
must have afforded still higher gratification.
Here were persons of alinostall ranks, all
professions, all religious sects, all political
pirties, and almost of eve,ry age, ,lt‘zlg_(l€’:(I.’_t:()'-
gether as a band of brothers, to combat the
great enemy of the huiiian race. Among
the procession were hundreds of vouths who
had never tasted the iiiadtleiiiiig cup, "rind
who had pledged tlieinselves never to taste
it; and hundreds of old men who had tasted
of it to their sorrow, and vowed to taste it
no more-. " . ‘ »
The procession was headed by a Tem’pg'_-1-.
ance military Company, accuinpanicd by a
splend id band of music, whose. Will’-lllu-‘. notes
never incited men to a riiore glorious strug-
gle. Iininediately following them riiarrhid
the other various societies, which composed
the proci ssion. \Ve cannot unilirtake to
detail the names of them all, or the exact
order in which they nitirchcil, but amongst
them were the Newiirlt and Franklin Sociu
iies, the Mount Pitt and Chelsea Jiinior
Tciiipeiance Society. the Cold Water Army,
the Hatters’ Society, and the following So-
cielies connected uith ilie fire depnitnient,
viz: Hose Company No. l5,_draggingthi-ir
hose cart, Engine Companies No. 41, l6,
and 2; Hose Company No. I4, Engine
Company No. 18. with their engine and a
If any one portion of the procession con
frir-iids of 'l‘eruperance, or pres:-nt stronger
evidence of the great spread of Tempcrance
principles, it must have been that portion of
it composerl of meiiibers of the Fire Depart-
inerii, whose duty as firemen so constantly
l- d them into tciiiptiition that irileiiipi-rnrice
and disorder were last Lecoiiiirig one of th
attribut--s.
From the New Yur/r fi"iibu1ic April I.
Dl*lb"l'l"iUC'l'lVl£ FlIUiS'.
Yesterday \\ as a sad day lor thousands
our city. It witnessed the most disasiious
confl.-gration that has occurred among us
for a iong iiini-—onc which rendered more
families houscless and coinforiless if an any
within our lt'(.'0llt'i’llOll. The fire broke out
at half past. three o'clock in the allernoon. It
caught, as is supposed, by ii spark from tho
liuriiace used for black-smitliiiig purposes in
a wlieelwi'igbi's shop 0\\llt-‘d by Mr Ray-
nolds. No. 21 Delaney street, corner of
Chrystie, and directly opposite the Second
Coiign-.gaiion:il Clitirch, which was saved
with curisidei‘aL-le diflictilty. Several per-
sons were at work in the room below at the
time.
The wind being very high froui the smith-
east. the fire in less than an hour swept
awry that whole block,bounil+.-d by Delaney,
Crystie, Broouie and Forsytl'i-streets, except
the large biick dwellings on Brooine street,
from No. 3l0 to 324, which by great exerx
tions were preserved—thotigh all their ont-
buildings and the dwellings in the riar were
consumed. It swept almost instantly across
Forsyth street, burned the dwellings and
other houses betwieu that and Eldridge
street. and swept nearly the whole down to
Broouie. With great exertions the flames
\\ ere here arrested.
mated at $119,000. At least one /zu7i(l7'ed
houses were dcsiroyid and nearly two thous-
a.'/id persons deprived of shelter. _,
We have heard of the loss of several lives
but as no names have reached us, we hope
the rumor may be untrue. There is little
ilonbi. bowevi-i, llidl. I/tree 7/omig cliildren
parts/ica in the flames. Their mother as
we.-. hear, lived in a little room in the scond
:l.l)l'y of one If the buildings, and the fierce
fltiiiic-s bursting through the wall, gave he:
the first intimation she had rereivr-d of the
file. This room was inslai.tlv filled with
smoke and flat‘ e, and to S:t\'t"llt‘l' own life
she was iorced to leave her three children to
inc devouring fire. Si veial less serious
accidents occurred, but none we believe that
are likely to prove fatal. A little colored
child was severely injured by being dropped
lroiii a window to save its life. Two or
three were slightly wounded by the falling
Ufa ladder tipoii them.
We learn with deep regret, than John W.
Htirdeiibrook, one of our most respectable
and lllfILii'lll.lUl citizens, fell dead at Fritz’:
Hotel, at the corner oi Eldridge and Brooine
streets, during the destruction of his proper-
ty. His age was about 80.
' At about the same time with the great fire
in D.-fancy street, another broke out in the
rear oi Nos. 124 and I26 Anthony street, in
the block bounded by Anthony, L1entre,Elin
and Pearl strees, Eight or nine two story
wooden buildings \\'ele(.lt’$l.l'OVEd, and about
fifty families deprived of hdiiies. lakes
fiew across Centre street and set the roof of ii.
dwelling house on fire; but the flames were
soon extinguished. .
A fire broke out last night at about 12
o'clock in the coriib shop oi iVlr.Frazer, No.
21 Maiden Lane. Some little damage was
done to this building and the adjoining dry
goods stores. The fire was soon extinguished.
A fire broke out yesterday about 2 o’clock
P. M. in the milk house of Mr. Gurreston,
at Harsimus, N. J. The building with its
barns and other out houses, was burned to
the ground, and thirty three cows were con-
sumed. "
The New Orleans Bee of the 22d, says
that “yesterday evening Mr. Spencer, son of
the Secretary of War, arrived post haste
from Washington, with despatclies for Presi.
dent Houston of Texas. We learn that he’
applied to the Mexican Consul here for a,
passport, to travel through Texas,” and that
he had lelt New Orleans in-tlieisteamship
New York the same evening. Our cotein.
f:9l‘lallrEy heads this account " Mysterious,” as
\'B ('3 Illa)’.
Iowa Marble.-—A I f B- d:
Mmble has been discoqvlieiiieilyniiiar IdivasCityy
independent, and insulated individual pur- to the 31st of November, is unimportant, re- that bears a oolish equal to the fiitiestlhiliian
suits, in thefpreservation of a sound state of cording no further operations ofthe British Specimens Have been mks” ,0 _ st Louis’
. ' .
“lid 8ft in gold for breast pins. _
spenslid ti-inperaiice banner. ‘ t
liq
afford grraier pleasure than another, to the»
The Total loss is esti-_
.‘~W'
. I
i
Norwalk Chronicler