life, whose summer has been passed with the
first and only object of her affections; hearts
that yearned towards each other iiiyouth.
time has made one; in every inclination.
wish, hope, fear, they have heightened the
pleasures of life by a mutual enjoyment Of.
them, and alleviated its sorrows by sharing
them together.
and we see her alonel We are very sorry;
for her. and her four or five children; it is;
‘a sad loss’-—we say so. and of course vvnt
mean it; but are we as sensitive to this pic-l
ture as to that? 0
If we make second marriages a priiicipal.
feature in this disseriatioii on widows, we do
so because it is their ‘ being’s oirtl tilitl aim,’
is incoiitrovertibly proved by their all but
universality. Old widows, even if poor. some-.
times lendlaii ablc—li:ind' in the 1'('t:-lllfltltln of
which we have pefore spoken; but, unfortu-0
nutely, they also very frequently, \\‘l1l'n they.
happen to have \\’f‘.'1ltl1, liccomc l.llt‘nlS(.‘l\'CS
objects of scorn and derision. Pcrliaps the;
most offensive creature in existence, and sirve’
.one, the most contemptible, is the worn-out,;
Death has divorced them,.
cumstances, is a failure, and is abandoned for
one of the other systems, and_the same rou-
tine of expensive and unintelligibleschemes
succeed. This is more or less a history of
a majority of the towns in this county and
state. It is obvious at once, that the difficul-
tv is, that towns do not act upon fixed gener-
al principles. 'l‘hr=.y areat one time, under
the influence of economy ; ‘at 311011101‘. 0f(§“1'
manity; and at a tl’llI‘lLl, lien-ving perhaps a ut
' -. u I 1 .
regard to ciicb, but devoting >0 l_Ill-L 3:00
tioii to the subjcct,as not to-act with that do-
gi'ec‘ot l1‘:lL'lllg:‘1}[ ciicrgy \‘.‘i‘ilCll is iiercssri-
rv to success in every iiiidcrtaking, \’i‘l3t‘ll1(‘.1‘
public or private.
One of three plans is u
the towns ofthis Sl2tl.t'-‘I _ .
-lsi. 13-0-aidiiig and siipplyiiig the poor. In
their 0'-.\’i‘i, r.-1‘ oilicr privzitc .t;iinilies, or in a
poor house without labor.
2nd. Letting them out by conti'.'icl for n
sually pursued by
‘gross suiii per annum, or so iiuicli per week
per liead, for all or a cc-rain part
3d. Pluciiigtliem in a public Alms house,
and ci'nplo_ving such as can work, in some
toothless, hairless, wrinkled jade, who at-lproductive business
tempts,
It
Unholy miminkry of NaIure’s work 1
To recreme, wiili frail m01'l.'1l1ll1ng!l,
Her withered face;‘’
and then, upon the strength ofa long purse,
puts herself up, a decayed vessel, to l)utc_l1
auction. hers:-.lf'_ proclaiming what ~he
worth, to be knocked down-—-\ve are almost
unmanly enough to wish it were not figura-
tively—to some needy young spcndthrilt, of
whose grandmother she must have been _a
juvenile contemporary.- \\’idows_ of this
stamp are aluiost always women raised from
low stations, from whom perhaps, little deli-
cacy or refinement is, to be expected. There.
is hardly a season in which some carcasc-
butcher’s or grocer’s wealthy relict is not
the talk, andwonder, and emetic of the town.
VVe must not conclude with exceptions,
however, where they create so_ unfavorable
an impression; we will rather turn to those
portly and obllging widoW_s W110. 8091‘ 10‘-‘if’
ing a little about them as single women, fall
in with some comfortable old geutlelinaii who
very much wants a housekeeper, and some-
body to mix his grog o’nights, and at once
‘agree to take the station. The old boy puts
all his affairs into her hands, and they rub
on together cosily enough the remainder of
their (lays. Every one admits it to be “a very
suitable match ;” if an objection be made by
anybody. it merely comes from some expect-
ant nephews or nieces.
There are widows we must admit it, who,
widows once. remain so for ever, and from in-
clination, or rather from disinclination to en-
courage any inipression, or even thought,
that might weaken or interfere with the me-
mory of the past; but we must repeat that
they are never young. and rarely middle-aged
widows: they are women past the meridian
o.f their days, whose griefs, not violent or ob-
-trusive, have yet been solemn and absorbing ;
women who have lost the vanity of believing
they can accommodate themselves to any man;
and, dwelling on the happiness they have on-
joyed. cherish its recollection as an act ofde-
votion to one “ not dead, but gone before."
They wear their "'.'.'ceds” as long as they
are of this world; and there is always a quiet-
ness, if not gravity of demeanor, that perfect-
ly assorts with them. ln society they are al-
ways respected : by those who know them,
loved; they do not hesitate to talk of their
married life, and live over many of its scenes,
to those who are interested in listening:
.lierein they differ from married widows, if
-we may use the expression, who very rarely
:~ta;l‘k .01" their first union to any one but their
:'hus'l;a.nds; they, perhaps, hear of it some-
‘thing too much, and too often I
And now, having passed our compliments
and paid our l'l,’Spt‘.(’lS. we must take our
leav '.
ness——we h ive had all the talk to ourselves:
-in return, we promise to be patient listeners,
should any fair controversialist think fit to
propound her views on this “highly inter-
esting and important subject.”
Extracts from the report of the Coinmit-
tee, appointed by the town, Deccmbrr 1838,
to make inquiry and report, upon the expe-
diency of establishing an Alnis-house for tl.e
support ofthe poor in this town--published
by order ofthe town.
E * ¥l ii
VVhen we first commenced collecting in-
formation, we supposed, that all that would
be necessary to enable us to arrive at correct
conclusions, would be, to ascertain the ex-
perience of a majority of the towns in this
county, or state ; but we soon found, that the
subject had received very little attention from
county or state, and although we acquired
many facts, we could not obtain general
principles, or siitiicieiitly well authen-
ticated facts from whicli to deduce the. -
A want of general principles was clearly
seen, in the great variety of plans pursued
in different towns and the frequent changes
in particular ones. A town, for instance,
had adoptel the boa rding outsystem. Their
expense increased, until for purposes of econ-
omy, some one proposes-—“ Let us try hiring
them out," and as the change was the coiise-
quence ofincrcased expense, they wer hired
out in order to lessen that as much as possi-
ble, and witiiout regard to their comfort,
and this was the opposite extreme. lftlie
contractor was properly fixed for the busi-
ness, and was the right sort of man, and pro-
3/flied a suitable kind _of employment for
-them, the plan to a cert;.iin extent succeeded ;,»
but, if he was not the -right sort of uian-~h:itl
not proper accommodations, or suitable em‘-
ployment, and the select men did not make
uspecific and judicious contract, the poor
were not suitably provided for, and H)a(.le_
great compltint. Humanity was then 8-
roused, and they must go back to the old
stem. Now the select men are called on
to furnish more liberally, because a feeling
of humanity is the prevailing one, and the
expense increases still more This cannot
last, and the people are again disposed for a
change 4-. they return to the contractor’s plan
-with some suppose-d,but unreal iiiiprovcment;
or perhaps an Alms-house is 'projected——-
/tis ifpropcrfy underta./can, succcejs. Yet,
in miny iristances, it is undertaken without
the requisite knowledge or calculation, and
like private nnrloii:ilr_ings under similar cir-
I l:
u
5.7
\-Ve have been guilty of one rude-
It should he remarked before we proceed
further, that we make a distinction bctwecii
Poor house and Alins liouso, By the forni-
.cr we mean it house to which the poor are
scnt to be boarded inci'cly, under the charge
of the selrct men. By the latter, ii lioii_.'.-‘c
lxvlii-«re they are collect}.-cl and cniploycd in
‘,some kind of prodiictive labor.
You r Ci')21I11lllll't' found it impossible to ob-
itain such niinuto inforniaiioii from the towiis
in this COl1!1l._V,i1Stll(‘yll10ugl1lllt’(‘l'SS'1|‘},'l()0n'
able thcni su'.isfuctoi'ily to decide wliicli oftlic
three plans was the l)(_Sl, without bestowing
more time, attention and expense, than the
nature of the case would ivarrziiit. Nor
could they learn, that minute informatioii,
had, at any time been procured from any
numb:-r of towns, with a view to decide upon
the coiiiparativc merits Oftl]0‘j..l1l‘CO different
plans, in any county or portion of the state.
Upon inquiry, however, they lcariied, that a
committee of the Legislature of Massachu-
setts liad 111-'J.(lC it somewhat extended investi-
gation oii the subject, and reported the same
to the [louse of Representatives of that state.
This report, through the politeness of Henry
Barnard, Esq. of Hartford, the conimiitee
obtained.
amination of the revised statutes of the state
of New York, that that state, had made a
provision for the establishment of county
Alms houses, and that the superiiitciidants
thereof should report annually to the Secre-
tary of the State, and he to the L(~‘g‘lSlfli1I1'e
A ‘copy of the Sccrctury’s report for 1838,
the coniiiiittce. have also obtained from Alba-
ny. From these two reports, and from such
as the committee .l1‘.l\'O been able to obtain
from the towns in this county, and a few in
other parts of the state, the following conclu-
sions and facts, have been derived.
All plans for the support of the poor,
should be based upon a proper regard to e-
conoiny, huuianit and the morality and
good order ofthe community, and that plan,
therefore, which at the least cxpcnso will
the poor, and at the same time operate most
favorably on the minds of the community
and those who in every community are tund-
ing to poverty, is the most dcsiralzle one
€.11'l(l Slljlplylllg 0119.
Legislature of Miissaclii.isctts, contains mi
hundred and eighty six.
were assisted out, for the year 1832, when
visited by the agent, was
Estimated average expense of sup-
porting them previous to the adop-
tion ofthe Alms house plan,
The agent, l10\\‘€Vt-‘l‘, obtainr-d, inforiiizition of
the actual expcnsc iiicurrcd for the support
of the poor in thirteen of the forty towns,
plan, and your coiniiiitteo have prepared a
table Sl]O\V11'l0‘ the )0 ulatioii ofthosc towns
3 I
the Alms house per year, the cost under the
old system, the cost under the Alms house
system, and the difference in the expense,
from which the following results will ap-
pear :
In twelve of the towns the popiilution
was 30,392,00
The whole number ofpoor sup-
ported and assisted in the year
Amount of expense under the.
old system
Amount under Alins house sys-
466
1G,263,‘06
tem _ 6,50-5,0‘
Making an amount saved in the
twelve towns ' 9097,98
One of the thirteen towns, only had its ex-
pense incrcascd, and, that as will l1t.'I't‘HflL‘l‘
appear, was the consequence of having little
or no form.
It should be added that in making up the
balance. of expense in the report from which
we are extracting, the interest of the cost of
the furins is invariably added in as an item
of expense.
Very striking, also, was the result where
the change was made from the bozirding to
the coiitractiiig plan, in point of economy.
\Ve have prcparcd another table show rig
the population-—iiuinbci' of poor assistccl;
expense under the ho :rding systcui, and ex-
pense under -the contracting system, in 18
towns comprising all, which were visited by
the agent, which shows
13/hole amount of population 35,554
Number assisted 3.10
Annual expense under old system 14,904 0.»
Aiinual expense under contracting 9,308,613
_i.
1Vlio‘le amount saved 83,61,-3,3«'
Beingpcr person per annum saved 16,5
And annuil expense per person
pi-runiiuiii ;27_3;
We Sum up the result as it appears in Mas
szicliusetts in 1832, thus:
They also learned, from an ex—,
best promote the comfort and happiness of
"We remark then, first: Tlltlt as it regards
economy, there is not any very material (l1fll’1'-
ence between the Alms house, and contract-
ing plan, but that either oftbese is from one
third to one half cheaper than the boarding
The report above alluded to, made to the
mite rcturns from forty three towns, whicli
had cucli an Alins house, with a poplation
varying from nine hundred and forty-seven,
omitting Boston, to thirteen thousand ‘eight
Nearly all these
towns had a farm attached to the Alms house.
The average expciisc of supporting each of
the town’s poor, including those who wu-re
assisted in the Aliiis house, and those who
20,64
45.00
previous to the adoption of tho Alnis house
the number of poor assistof in and out of
- stem was ascertained, and who had estab-
lished Alnis houses, the saving was m0T9
than "half-as follows:
Expense per person under old sys-
l
1
tom 04.88 ,1
Under Alms house system 14.3Ol
Saving per person $530.0
Again——-The estimated expense in the re‘
mninmg 28 towns under the old system was
per person 40.00
Ag-iiii---tlie ascertained expense in 18 towns t
$011
Under the contracting systcin
'.\l:1l(ll']g' a saiiiig of
waiidering poor, and select Alnis houses in
prr-f'eri-iico to the coiitrzictois rcsidencc, for
winter q/u_ni‘ters, the (lifi-ei‘ciice will not be so
great, and that the scaring by either plain
may be sa fr-ly set down at one Z/i.i7'rl, and un-
der perfect l1l{11lZ't'.‘ClTl(’.1'1t, one half. *
Since the above was written, we liavr-2 rc-
ccivcd the pauper rr-turns made to the Legis-
l::tu'.'e of M:iss:ichi.isi-tts, for 1838. 173 out
of 306 towns have Alnis.-liouscs, and
the aver-.i._3‘e expense per person in all the
towns of the state and under all s5‘stcii'is, was
for the lost your only, per person supported
or assisted 21.57
In Alnis houses it could not have-
excectlecl 14,05
The experience of the state of Non‘ York is
similar, but not as conclusive, owing to thi-
defcctivcncss of the l‘el111‘11S. In that state the
poor are supported in 53 on, of 56 counties in
younty alnls-hotises, all but one ofwliirli have
farms. It appears by the Report of Mr.
Secretary Dix to the Lr‘gisl.itui‘u of the state
made the winter, of l838—9 thr-t the aver-
age ». xpense ofsuppoiting each paupi-.r at tli.=~
county Alms l1OL'lSCS,‘\V:’!S $34,113 while the
average expense of supporting the county
paupcrs in the two counties of Queers and
Reiiselaer, which had no Alms llQl1St'S, was
$1 50 per wei k-—$78 pcr yvai'T5-‘ No ab-
stract ofthe exp.->rise in the differciit ciiiiriiics
previous to the cstiiblisliiiicnt of the county
Alnis housvs, is contained in the report, or
can be obtained ; but it appears that the,
wliolo value of the labor of the paupers in
the 50 counties, was 42,906,79 —
And the amount s_'ay_ed_ .by their
labor, was .. =
g 4 3 l,3_O1,86
It also appears, t-hat:t~
he in Vera ge
cost of ~e..ch"'p;iu'pf<:'_rf per week was -65 4
Per you 1‘ 7_§," -7’ 34,00
That in 1114* city ofiNc\v York, '
it was, without farm 1.14 2
Per year 59,38
While in the county of Orange,
it was 4
Per year 11,04
1n the county of Ulster 35 1
P: r year - .l 8,20
In the icoun-‘.y of Putnam 37 3
Per your ‘ 1&4
It should be here 1‘t‘l11lll'l\'€(l, that those who
have been assisted out of’ the county house
are not included, it being impossible on ac-
count ofthe returns. If they were as they
shogld be, the average arniial expense, the
latter class receiving comparatively little-
instoad of being $34 03, would not much
exceed $20.
WE will add, that Mr. Dix, in the report be-
fore alluded to, says—“1ftlie relief and sup-
port ofindigent persons is to be provided for
by public law, it is believed that the poor
(Alms) house system is as economical as any
otlicr that can be devised.”
It will be perceived that the experience of
the State of N.York, is not at first view, ifs la-
vorable astliat ofMassacliusetts. But it in fact
is so. New-York has been, and will continue
to be the greatest sufferer from the system
which has been adopted in Europe-“ That
the cheapest way to support their poor is, to
pay their passage to the United States.”——
The report states the proportion of Foreign-
ers who are supported or assisted as poor,
in the slate at large, to be 25 per cent ofthe
whole. In all the Counties which have
large towns or cities in them, or public
works, it increases. In the city of N. York
it is 75 per cent; in Brooklyn, 87; per cent;
and oven in the county of Wcstchester, 50
per cent. VVhcn this is considered, and a
prirpcr allowiiiicc made f01‘l.llt'CXtl‘i1(‘Xp('HS=‘
attending ti‘iinspoi‘iution, pay of superiiiti_-iid-
cuts, of adniinistering private relii-fl &c. the
Pxpr-:1'lt’l‘1(.‘t3 of Neiv-'1 ork will be found,
equally with that of Massachusetts, in favor
of tlic..Alins-house system. 'I"riis will ap-
pezir more clearly if we exclude the co‘ ntics
of New-York, Albany and Kings, whose
returns of the number of persons assisted out
of the County I-lousi.-s, are niaterially d.-fec-
tive-, and include those who were assisted
out, which for the reason just mentioned we
coul-.l not do above. The result will be as
follows:
ln 50 counties, whole expense
of relieving and supporting
poor for year 1838,
‘Whole nuuiber of poor in any
iiianiier assisted or support-
ed. 19,383
\
l
$287,707 05
vitliout the requisite knowledge and calcula-
zioii, and conducted _\_vitliout skill or perse-
:~'crance.
With regard to this C0l1l11y‘_tl)C committee s
ed a table showing the method of keepin:
expense, &c. in most of the towns, and have
on the subject, _,a. few
j hey Wlll giv_c;._/---
of the towns support by contract, at an ‘av. -
rage per persoii of all supported or assisted
of $30.
av:'~l‘age annual‘ expense per person for these
Under the new 533.00 towns w uld be t-'js40——z1iit1 the average an-
Mailiing a saving of per person per mm] 9;,-pcngg ]’;(3]' person under ll]!-' Old sys-
'3 . - o I
ormum 1300* t-.-iii where it IS still c-ziiploycd, is 9540. Two
not undt-i‘ tlic ol.l systi-in, was put‘ P01“ L.
10-54 or, that they have already materially lesson-
lt seems, tlicrc-loi‘c,tliat the contracting plan ed the expms9S_ and increased the comfons
is not so saving an one as the alms-house in of the pooh There are d¢f‘,_.CtS about 939},
Mass, but we think ifa ll‘O‘C‘l‘ allowance is of them with “-pier,’ ho“-e,_.-e,._ “-0 have no“.
I
m‘-10¢-’ f01’ 10.9 fact [hilt the “umber 0f '~‘t"‘l‘3 nothing to do, which will prcventthcm from
Pool’ “'00 “T9 0"“'5'l‘°"-i 13)’ the l°“"“5» for effcctiiig all that is done clscv.'hcr£‘, and inn,"
wliich the state pays, most of wlioiii are be done any \.,-119m
former poor house ofthis town with any sort
of commendation, cxprcss or impli«d.
was altogether too clicap‘a citnccrii, and was
in construction, arruiigcinciit and iiianngi--
deuce, which is a powerful stimulus to fore-
éfcliadfleti-EP°“'S9' £“1' 09750” 14 47 thought and exertion.
inetzllw ,, ‘’ altifabfi efi‘l""”° Thus it appears that while in Massa-
‘ ° CW“ “5 “‘”‘§>’ "0 chusetts the poor are supported at at
“l”’S'h°”Se3- P“ 1"‘-‘T591’ Sumo an annual expense each of $21 57
yglfka Q. .,' _t __ H _ 30 .19 And in more than half of the state
we ha,°”",nt'.‘.“ 511011;? 3 the l"f°”“a“°“ in those towns which have ‘alms-
f t.. 0 :1 amt mt is state. 'lhe expense houses and farms at 14 00
p Stlp[?OI‘lll1'l,£;,T‘tl)e poorin N. Haven is iiipre- And in New_Y0,.k in 50 coumies by
.V_"°”””fl - _1he “me ‘3 ”e‘“'1.Yl“1° °f 1' M‘ means ofthcir county alms-house at 14 47
l"mgt,°n.' winch up to the, “me of establish" And in some of the towns in this
‘l:;l1,g",73(l)e1F)Al’n1S'l1{OUSt3 paid from $l._4U0 in tate much the same—yet in this
1%‘? cm§::;fil[::' hm L “i Sl“l’P°tTi Of 019"’ P00“ county the average annual expense
. ave in r s 0' , -- 1 ,. - '
'rom these L11Jl'.l.0l.l'1C1‘ toiviisc ma shame“ S per pflson is - ' 34 00
_ _ ' In those town which support by con-
[Necess-arily omitted for waniofroom.-—En.] tract 30 00
I11“ ,9! ’bu. ' v N 0 |
' 9
In re lilVt .on .llU1‘t‘S but they have And in those who board and supply
“(".$llll(3Cl _lro_m the same causes which produce them 40 00
‘ =l’llH't'S in individual €'1'lt(‘1'pT1SL‘S,lJI‘l(lel'15.ll{€1'1 And in this town as will appear 34 00
We are not aware that the cause of huniani-
t‘y, or of morality, is better subservcdwith
usthan with them, and we know of no rea-
oii why souch a difference should exist, un-
ctters from gentlemen in inany_9,,Ltb,c towns
gxtrfis ‘ rom which
[Otuiitcd for want of room.—En ] .
From the table it appears that a majority
Under the old system the t‘Sl.lll|iIl.t.'(l
owns only, l3ridgcpoit and St:iinfoi'd, have .
Sonic of the coniniiitcc have
=isited each of ll1t‘111. Tlieyare both recent-
v establislied, and the cxpei'imcnt is not with
hem fairly tried. \\''e are informed, howev-
tliiis-house-s.
4-i,oi ,
27,37 1
L
The committee would not allude to the
lt
mcnt, one of the worst tlzat ever existed, and
became towards the last filthy, infested with
vermin of all kinds, and the inmates wretch-
ed‘ in the extreme. It was even worse, in
compai‘isoii with what may be, and are cs-
1:il)llSl)E‘.(l- now days, than the Sin.»sbur_v Mines
weie, compared with our present State-‘s
Prison.
We T(?1Tit.‘t1'ls‘, secondly, that as regards
humanity, both the ':‘.l'.‘iis-hoiisc and con-
‘m‘3_l‘“8' Sjffi-iii are preferable to the sup-
;‘,ly‘iiig one. It would seem, at first view,
that to assist the lioiiestaiid unfortunate poor,
when in their familii-s and around ll]t,‘ll‘0\\'D
fireside, was much more according to the
duty wliic-h religioii and our natural fc-clings
ilii-tat.-, than to tear tli.-m ziuay from both
a contractor, or the labor and company of an
aliiis-lioiise. This is the view which your
coniniiitee have entert..ined lici'e.tofore, and
they now admit it to be coricct with respect
to this class. But it should bl‘ borne in mind
the whole. The able but indolent idler, thi-
l!llfU‘i‘lLl[)i:tl' bl.lt(.llSt‘O1'l11t‘CtrLl infirm who have
cd t.'l1ll(l-—tl]€SE-‘- form the largest proportion,
and require at least four-filtlis of the ex-
pcnse. Of these three classes, all will agree
that the able but vicious idlers, who spend
their health and SUl1'll'Il+'I'S in gratifyiiig their
passions, and look to the town to find them
and turn them over to the tender mercies of
that this class form but a small proportion of
io be boarded, and the orphan and unprotect-
.
of " habits” includes bad as well .as_ good
"‘!_.§.‘~.'S'—-a1‘lll because it is: more true with us
than them, that " what is every bod_v’s abusi-
ncss is nobody’s business.” -
It only remains to ascertain the facts with
regard to this town, and these will be found
embodii d in the following table:
i-v———r—-—i----—i'—-.—i--i_. fl
<73/:7.«‘/.aaJ‘.mr/:-r1-oo 3
c..:i:.;:.:.c..:':.cc»a;:a:.-:i:.:a<.-- ,,
®~1C‘.{Ji-¢—Ca.3(\'J-'-O1£‘»’.‘/» 9.
33 c;o;i\9ioo:.»=-coo:.cc.t=—c,;. '7I9I9,t9
cs t\XJCr\)C/)h’=—C.‘§3\IL"aG-i-I ,s,,.aN970,lA,
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.-2.53 .3“. “’ ’'“.-I.‘....T..T.‘ "‘ "‘ "“ ~““ *" 9./£2777 ‘u.zu,,/31
cf” ::ix2'.'>cac>»4=-.;~—..*—»;-cot»:jg:/,,,7gy;,.,,\,
\I r-—- .-- i--
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o 5»--cn?bcc SJ“, /hm
Oi txfiacz-ox!»--c.:wo.-...-¢ “"77 73
a <q<m-vmu~m¢I
sistcd per year for the last
eleven years, 35, omitting fractions.
Average expense for each individual
per year during the same, ti-'.16,G-1
Average last year, 3332
Average number for five years while
the poor house was in use, 38.
Average expenses per person pt'1‘au..
and theirs in sickness or in wintenshould be
orplian should be there, because they cannot
the case. They cannot be l‘¢':iS0nzll)ly board-
ed in places \Vl1t‘l't* the accoinniodations are
equal in all respects to those of well regulat-
ed flllI1S-l'lOuSL'S.
In this event, too the iuiportunity 0fl.l]OS!‘
who have co.-npai'ativi=l_v little claim to sym-
pathy, will not pr.-vent those who have from
receiving it, and the select men will not be
under the necessity of wearing the mantle of
appareiit indifference, nor be obliged to scru.
tinize, hesitate, and curtail to avoid imposi-
tioii.
On the score of humanity, we think there
is a decided preference to be given to the
alms-house plan. Contractors ordinarily do
not, and cannot be expected to provide such
accommodations as towns may, and always
should do. Nor will the contractor pay the
same attention to the cleanliness, comfort and
morals, as towns can and should do. They
contract usually for short periods, or for 3 or
5 years, and always will be more or less in-
clined to get the most labor and make the
least expense possible. 'l‘hei'.<>. are undoubt-
edly instances where the contractors do us
well for the poor and for the town as will
rcasoiiably be expected under favorable cir-
cumstances, will be done for ' them in an
alms-house; but these are exceptions to the
general rule.
We remark, third, that as a matter ofpub-
lic policy, the alnis-house system, and even
the contracting one. are preferable to the oth-
er. It is the uniform testimony, of all the
information your committee have been able
to procure, that the boarding system encour-
ages and increases poverty and vice. ft is
the policy ()ft‘V't‘l‘y community to encourage
iiidustiy; but no one thing tends more to
produce 1l.llt:'D€‘SS and intempcrnncc, the neg
li-ct of self, of family and friends, than the
ft‘(’ll11g that either and all are to be support-
ed by the tmvn, in case of sickness or ini-
providence, wit/mitt (I;7I._'2/ return in l/Lbor be-
ing require-.1. But, on the other hand, it it
is understood that while the town protectand
supply, they require the recipients to labor in
proportion to their ability—that it is a (pies-
tion between laboring for the town for ne-
cessaries, and not foi‘ money, and laboring
for themselves for money, with a part =-f
which they can gratify their appetites, they
will not hesitate in the choice. The br-in-fit
to themselves and their families is directaiid
permanent. There is a feeling of disgrace
too, and a restraint upon indolence, connect-
ed with an alias house, or contractors resi-
ln 12 towns \\'lir)sc‘cxp'oiiss= under the oldl
liave been more .partic-iilar. and have pr.-pmn 1
under the control of a contractor or an. over-
scur. Equally true is it that the unfortunatel
infirni, the imlig.-iii sick, and the fiiendless:
be better accomiiiodated from the nature of
Numb. 1' added since the last report 2.
lEstiinated expense for the :21 for the
matter. This has been assigned to the old
poor house. to our clam banks, and a variety
Of 011161’ Causes as well understood by the
members of the town as by the committee.
There is also difference ofopinion as to the
expensc will continue to be incui‘i't'(l. Un-
dcr all these circumstances, the committee
have instructed me to report the facts as a-
bove, without expressing any opinion on the
question whether it is now expedient for
this town to erect an Alins house.
'1‘. B. BUTLER. Chairman.
* The amount expended at the Poor House
in the five following years. was as follows:
In 1823. $169 49——l829. $114 90--1830.
8116 23-1831. 874 02-4832. $19 15.
U S. District C0u1t——-Amisla.tl Slave
C(l»5I.’.-—-Tl]:-' Court 0pl~nCtl it session in this
city, y('Stei'da_V, iii the scna.e Chamber ofthe
State House, the Couit Room being occu-
pied at present bythe County Court. The
claim of Licut. Godiiey, for salvage, in res-
cuiiigthc schooner Ainistad from the hands
ofthe slaves, was brought up first
win, the counsel for the Sli1Vt:’S,C0!ll.t‘1l|lt‘ll
c;iptur«-- ll.‘IVl1’lg‘llt_‘t’I1 airrlc within 21 mile oftlic-.
‘N iv York sh rc.
Gedney, obj.-izted to the reception of the plea
ofjurisdiction, and claimed that the question
for cl--cision wnsithe sum which should be
aivardi-d for salvage. The J"(l_gu (lf'Clfll:‘.f.l that
the plea should be received. The cxaiiiiiiation
of wimi-sses occupied the rest ofthe diy.
f'Veluesrla_1/—Tlie court ass.-uibl.-d this
morniii-.,r at the-. City Court room; seven of
the slaves were brought into court. A grczit
portion _of the time was occupied in discuss-
jing a question of adjournment, for 8 day or
two, in order to give time for one or two im-
portant witnesses to arrive.
P. S——The Court liavejustagrecd to ad-
journ, to meet at New Haven, on Tuesday.
the 7th of January next —Hai't. Com‘. 201/L.
The New Orleans Courier, adevoted sup-
orter.ofthe Administration, demands a Bank!
Read the following taken from that paperit
“We, however, are in favour ofa national
bank, subject to the supervision of Congress.
VVithout it we cannot have a national cur-
rency that will meet the necessities ofthe-
trading community. They will re-.qui‘re a pa-
per currcncy ofequal valuejwith specie: to ef-
fect this we must have aregulatol’. 110018!‘ the
control of the People. through their Repre-
scntatives. in Congress. Therefore, we say,
let the adiniiiistrationcome to ourrescue,
and erect a national, bank at‘ VVash;ington,
with power to establish a branch in each of
the States, when ai.ithori7,ed- by their Legis-
latures.” ' — -
.4” Lion Ta.-tired iii. Ib-izfr ‘Days’.-.—i-'.l'lic
css it is because our proverbial " stezidiiicss”
Estimated average expense per person 32,50
dens have been comparatively light in this
probability thit the present high rate of
Mr. Bald-,
that the District Court of Connecticut bad,
no jurisdiction in the case, on account of the‘
Mr. lsliam, for Licut.§
hiliilfendiliimselfi yesterday, in his cage, aftcrv
-‘A frica. His lristoryisa curious one. Se-ntas
ill present by the Emperor of Morocco to the -
President of the United States, the latter, -
cor_iiplyinr,r..wij.h_the.la.wsof hjs5:ountry,,w_.l_i_icl1.
prohibit a republican functionary/ fr_qrn,,re-
’ ceiveing‘ alroyal-‘ present, ‘_so’ld liiinrfo 3-M.
Titus for the sum of $620,_\vhic_|}__gg
the benefit of the poor...-‘It ivas-frdnithatlrcity 7
that thc_,l_io.n,. was dispalc_liedtto_._ ..M.. .,1[ an_,.A:x_n,-, A
burgh, .who made lii_s acqugintqncg, for the 7
first fiiric, on t’hc"'evrniiig of’ the 2d Octobcf
Tlio l.)l".‘fi'L'llH'(,' of l’ol‘icc,._.being correct-
ly inform:-«.1 of’ the days on ivliicli the Afri-
can li::n- had left Ne‘.'v York ' afidi---arivcld-’-at
Paris, had prohibited so intrepid and haz-
ardous an expt-i'iiiicnt’beiiig made without
a pevious one, in the r__norning, hcforg a com-
mission. This cxperimcntproving suicccssfiil,
the public I‘(‘pl‘t'St‘l')tal;_l,O_t1 was authorized and
proved a CO11'l|')lt1fC._V:i »iii”n'iph. "The emotion
and anxiety oftlie_ pt,t_b.1jc_\s'ere indescribable;
'l‘lic _celcbrate-dt .t§1i had-not" evinced
the slightest licjs__i‘ta2 ‘o gm-.i..-.1 ‘all that had‘
been aiitticipatied fro hisintrepidity,_and_th€
docility and obedience ol the new lion.
which he had l.'1l0\\'D but four days,astoundt-d
the two thousand spectators who thronged the.
Port St. Martin 'l‘heatrc.-—Pa-ris paper. '
Sviucvss,'Nov, l‘8,"39.
Some fiend in human shape last night co-
mitted depredatioiis on the Syracuse and Au-
burn Railroad, about a mile W'_est of this‘
place, at the cmbankuient over - Harbor.
Brook, and'so fixed the V rails as to runnthe
engine and post otlicc and bagagc curs, dovviv
a bank 15 or 20 feet high. 'l‘1iese’brol.iet
loose from the passenger cars. The engineer‘
rscapcd by jumping, and the fireipgn___}t:c’_nt
down with the engine. No one was sericusly _
hurt. ‘
What are arson and murder to these"do-
pradations’on railroads ? The winter should.
1-Vesleymi U/tit-er.9il_i,'.——'l‘lie annual cuta-
logue of this institution is just published,’
from wbicli it appears that there are 148 stu-
.e,,,-_ - 7.2.3.45 dents in the University at the prcsciit time.
Of these would probably go to an -**-""'—'"” ""
Aliiis hliuse 12. E.r/zausllrss xupp/_’I/ nflrun.-—'1‘hn cast of
Would probably help themselves rm :1 Raiload from the [ion Mountain (-Mo.) to
ther than go, 4. St. Louis (120 miles) is estimated at 25 mil.-
Ofthe 12 who would probably go to 00115 0fd0ll3l'~°- =
all Alms house able to work 30”}.-, The Iron Mouiituiii itself is reprcs('nted to
2 mcn—5 women be about 400 first in height, and three miles
Amount of labor [hey 00.11,} pm-(0,-m in 1.-ngth, lit:-rally covered with bright shi-
in ilays works. 2 1:2. ning ore, having every 2Ippt!Z11'il1'l(.'.t.'()f metal
Of the 12, 7 EH‘(''- children who mi.-rm which has br:cn~sinelted. At the hzisc of the’
be bo:irded in an Aims house 30,- mountain the ore is in pieces of a pound
each ‘ 20,00 weight and upwards, but as. you approach
It will be seen from the above that liitlier- 10031)” the Pl‘-‘C93 l“‘5“-'35“ l“ Size W ”m“‘
to. or till within two or three years, our bur- 3"‘“d5 °fl0“S “'9l‘s’l‘tv 33S'"“l"£.’ the “PP°"’"°°
of huge rocks, and these immense masses
are of a quality supi-.-.rior to anything of the
kind heretofore knotxn.
’1'ranslalc(1_/‘ram lite Cburier ties Elrzlis Unis-
Dcalli. .FVarra‘/it of C/n'ist.—Chance has
just put into our hands the most imposing
and interesting judicial dociiuient, to all
Christians, that ever has been recorded in
human annals: that is the identical death war-
rant of our Lord Jesus C‘-hrist. We trans-
cribe the document as it has been handed to
us 2
Sentence ')'eIL(l6I'l!(l by Pontius Pilate acting
Go::ern.0r of Lower Galilee statizrg-I/lat
Jesus of Nazareth s/tall 32/flier deal/t ‘
the cross. , --“ V
In the year sevo-ntccn nftlt‘-'./2.‘, ,---. "_,‘,:i,...
rius Caesar, and the 25th day or. -
city of holy Jerusalem, Aiiiia ai ,
being priests, Siicrlfl-.‘ul('iI‘.s of the: P! .,,.i': _:'.i
God, Pontius Pilate, Cit'lV'(?!‘1'iOl‘ of Lower
Galilee, sitting on the presidential chair off-
thc Piaztnry, C()1')‘lt.'1X1nS Jesus of Nazareth to
die on the cross between two thieves-v-the
great and notorious evidence of the pe
szivirig-—
U Jesus is it seducor.
1-1:: is seditious.
Hr‘ is an eiicmy oftlic law. _
He calls himself falsely the son of Go
He calls himself falsely the_King of its-
‘ .
-
i
.
l
.
l
l 6. He» ontei-ed into theternple, followed by
a multitude bearing palm branches in their
hands '
Orvler the first centurion, Quillus Corneli-
us. to lead him to the place of execution‘.
Forbid to any person whomsover, ‘either
poor or rich, to oppose the death of Jesus.
The witnesses that signed the condemnation
of Jesus are viz:--—I. Daniel Robani, a Pha-
risec ; 2. Joannas Rorobable; 3. Raphdel
Robanij 4 Ffanet. a citzen.
Jesus “ ' '
by the
The
per platt, oi‘. » . --. _ .
‘A similar plate is sent to each ilIULo
was found inlan antique vase of white marble
while excavating in the ancient city of Aquil-
la. in the kingdom of Naples, in the= year
1820, and was discovered by-the Cominissaf
riats of Arts, attached tothe French armies.
At the_expediti_on of Naples, it was found"eu:-.
closed‘ in a‘ box of ebony, inithie, sizi:.crist‘_ of
the Clia1'treml ,T,he[vfa'se in the chapel o,.the
Caserta. . The French tra_nslatiou..was. made
by the members of the Commissionof. Arts;
The original is in .the<rI-Iebregv language-
The Chartrain requested 1 earnest-ly‘ that tlfe
-Plait? Tnjgllt,‘ not be,_1'tal_t'en aii}'ay_.Z1‘r_0_I)1 , 15501.
The recjuesf was 5 “afI’t‘ed'as a L
saciritiée they-haiiiiiade_’for5the‘armjrgj - .
Den'6n,-one of the sayaris, ‘causetf_'a ptgtq
made of the strata model, on‘ \t'liic,li,'“'ll_t’.'.,',lfiitl,
cngl.‘.a.\¥éd' the "above .se1’i't‘enc'e’. At the‘
his collection of antiquities, &-c. it was bought
." T ...--..1.....,
,.
.,l
1.»-..‘
-1
i-;__’,.. i.~,.~:.
4
.
new lion with which Mr. 1-'au Aiiiburgl_i ex-
by Lord Howard for 2,800 francs.
D
only four days of education, is a native of.._,.
.494.-
1
nuin during the s r e, 12,03 not pass wtiliout making it ii capital _o1f¢-nisoi
Av. rage No. for the last 6 years, 33. . ____-___,___——— ,
-A-""““§"‘ "-‘_‘P"“5" Per Persdn P” 3”‘ A Qiml.'er,s Letter.-—-Friend John. I desire
“"1" durlms’ ill“ 5301*‘: 20.03 tli'ei- to be so kind to one ofthose sinful men
Allemge "umber em“'ell' 5“PP°Tl'-‘d in the flt‘Ell,Cilll('d attorneys, as to let him
for the last ll y‘°‘“'S- 13 takeout an iiistruiiicnt with :i seal thcreniito,
A"“1""Se m““b‘’1' 301910 “’°1'k mom by means t‘u‘l'l€‘|‘e'(‘-f we may Slt‘Z(‘1l]C0ll1Wa't‘i
0’. 053- 7- _ tabernacle of George Green and bring him
A"_e"3z‘="’ “m°”m Ohhe” l'<1ll0l' Slfllfil bcforc lambskin men at VVestiiiinst.-r, and
1“ da3'S works, 2;‘. ic-ach him to do as lic would be done by.
Average per cent of blacks, omitting Thy f,-jmd, R_ Q-}_
fractions, 14. __.. _....-____--.....
Average per ct. of expense for blacks, Pcnsions.—Tlie pcnsion agent in Hart-
omitting fractions, 13. ford has been ordrcd by the Department to _,
Per cent of blacks in population, 1, pay no pension ccriiliciites that bear date sine’ 5,
Number of those assisted last year, the. 3d of Si-pt:-iiibcr, until the 4th
remaining charge"-able 19. March next. 1
Average expense per person 34,50 -—-—~—————----~——--~-~-—-
'rcfiva‘rd tfojr tit? ,,
N
remitted to the authorities of New York {of -~ A -1
rrx
Y.
ople .-- -
Norwalk Chronicler