.2;
for her last quarter’s board was presented, and
’ Fellows, at Belmont,Wisconsin territory, on the
\
‘ sperm oil, besides the quantity bong usually
~ striped
' tacked with a severe illness, she ha_d mu-sled him
‘yer paid a farthingl It also should not be for-
", otien that the present year is leap year.--and
- boundary and caused great -terror among the
_ ‘six months old was sleeping. before he was dis-
\ covered. The mother, on perceiving him, seiz-,
of General Daniel Delevan of the
Revolutionary War-
BY ;GE0ltGE P. MORRIS.
On the death
i Let not a tear be shed! .
Of rief give not a token.
Although the silver thread
-And golden bowlbe broken!
4 A warrior li_ved—a.christian_d_ie‘dl
Sorrow’s_ forgotten in our P"d°~
Go, bring his battle-_blade. '
His helmettand his _plume .
And be his trophies laid
“Beside him in the tomb, -_
\Vhere files of time marked veterans come
VVith martial tramp and mufiled drum 2.
Give to the earth his frame.
To moulder and decay;
But not liis-deathless name-
" That cannot pass away! _
In‘youth, in manhood, and in age,
He dignified his country’s page .
Green be the willow-bougli
Above the swelling mound.
' \Vhere sleeps the hero now
In consecrated ground:
Tlgy epitaph, Ull DCIEVIIU !
‘ ' oblest work -an honest man !
had 9 n ' [Mirrcr._
\
____.‘————«—-—-——-—-—
LIBERTY.
_ ’Tis liberty alone that gives the flower
Of fleeting life its lustre and perfume:
And‘we are weeds without it.-—Cowper.
. W
HUMAN GRANDEUR,
We gaze ona billow with wonder and awe,
Swelling high as it threatens the shore;
Till broken and lost, we forget what we saw,
And think of the billow no more.
So the pomp of the great, so the fame of the brave,
. So the treasures of glory and pride. _
‘ Tho’ they mount on the flood like the high swell-
ing wave, '
Like that too must ebb with the tide.
-———-.—-——"“":""'—'—"'
The wounded dove, when dying. feels Illesmafls
Closing her wingscoiiceals the fatal dart;
So love abandoned, flies from every eye. _
Conceais its woes, in solitude to die.—Irvt-ng.
ODDS AND ENDS.
Con.viu2‘al.—'I‘lie following piihy.toasts were
given at the celebration of the Society of Odd
2:
21st ultimo: -
The Love of Liberty and the Liberty of Love.
The five greatest and best Generals—General
Washiiigton, General Peace, General Plenty,
-.General‘Satisfaction and General Happiness.
May he that turns his back on his friend, fall
,,into the liandsofliis enemy.
Mav those who fall by misfortune, be lifted
~,up by'the hand of friendship. '
"I‘he citizens of \Visconsin, although in the
bact; wooils, may they never be found in the
,back ground when their country calls fut: their
services, or charity calls for their aid.
American IV/talc T'raa'.c.—'I‘hc.f§ 8l'|'lV€d In
.the United States during the month"ol7 April. 59
,whale ships, viz : 28 at New l.’i_etlford. G at New
London, 6 at . Sagharbor, 3 at New York,
33 at Stoniugton, 3 at \Varrcn,aiid 9._at other pla-
_ces, bringing in the immense quanlity of 73,130
-barrels of right whale oil, and 21,025 barrels of
,taken on right ivhale voyages.
A business man.—A young gentlenian at
,Chicago, who hiid won the heart of a fair lady
.wishcd her to defer the marriage till an iiiipor-
lant law suit of her father was decided. The
dady insisting on pronipt action, the (lI:.5"(..‘IllCT(3-S'C(l
[lover said, ‘I can have theyrefusal of you for
,six months, can't I ?‘—E'vc. Star. ‘
A grave bu.ll.—-It is stated Ollilllfi gravp stone
.,of awiilow, in the church yard at Dedliain,
.,_hat she died at the age of 90-20 years of
.which she lived single, 80 years in wedlock, and
40 vears as a widow. If this be correct, it would
seeiii that, during her widowliood she did not
live siizgle. . Perhaps she was an lrish lady, in
~.which case, we may suppose all to have been
right.
The following. to us singular fact in natural
giiistory, was related to its by a gentleman in this
-town, a few days since. He bought a partridge
-from a boy who had just killed it, and upon
.opening it he found in the crop ofthe bird a
snake 22 inches in length, without the
iiead. We had supposed that these birds be-
ionged to the Graham school, and abstained from
flesh altogether.—0.r_/‘ortl Dc_7[i,ocrrz_t_.
An earthqitake recently occurred in Syria, be- V
-tween -Beyrat and Jerusalem, which swallowed
up about five thousand persons. -
Close Sliai.{2'ng.—,-\Ve have heard niany anec-
dotes of penurious intlividuals, illiistrating the
strength of the ruling passion to acquire property,
but have never heard one placing this propen-
sity in a stronger degree than the following,
wliicli is in all its parts entitled to credence. A
gentleman of respectable standing in this city,
has for several years past rented adwelling_-
house from a widow lady,who has boarded with
‘liim during that period. At the end of every
gtiarter, the bill was regularly made out, pre-
seated and settled. boarder had occasion-
ally been absent on visits to friends, for several
days at atime, and when her landlord was at-
with much kindness and affection. No deduc.
tion in the amount ofher bill for board, however,
was ever made by the host, or suggested on the
art of the widow. A few days since, the bill
to it was appended an additional amount forfouyt
days’ board. As the lady hail no friends visit— ,
ing her during the last three months, she very
properly requested an explanation of the item,
‘which was promptly given-—‘ You know,’ said
this devoted worshiper of dollars and cents, ‘that
since you have boarded with me, I have tini-
formly charged you _eac|i quarter, tior only thir-
teen weeks board, which would give only three
hundred and sixty-four days in the year-where-
as we all know that thfi year consists of three
hundred and sixty-five days. Consequently, in
the course of tlir.e6' years. you have received no
less than three days’ board, for which you ne-
"¢'.ljis makes exactly the four days !—Bos(on Mer-
,ca‘ntile Journal. -
_ Coliijlict with. a Catamoimt.—The Lakevillc
(Ohio) Journal gives the following case of ma-
ternal courage as a recent occurrence. A num-
ber of catamounts had come over me‘ Michigan
farmers, One of them entered the window of
Mr. Israel Hawltins, which had been left open,
:._vhile his wife was engaged in an adjoining
‘room, and had crept to tbs firgidlc where":.i babe
ed a broadaxe which lay upon the hearth. and
commenced ‘hp attack. The first blow stunned
itvithout injuring the beast. He rcc.ovcred,spriing
upon the ,\vornait,,_and throwing her down. tore
her left arm severely. She contrived to raise
, lierselfiipon her knees-wjtli the animal clinging
VOL. 20.
.“ D0l\"’I‘ GIVE UP '.l‘IIE SlllP_.”-
NORWALI§, CONN. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 7., 1837.
N0. 13,
the axe penetrated the skull, and laid the mon-
ster dead upon the floor. Her husband came
home shortly after, and found her lying pros-
trate and exhausted, with the catamount stretch-
ed at her feet, and her two oldest children weep-
ing over her. The woman was considerably
injured, but the account states that she is recov-
ering rapidly. Her arm and side were badly.
torn, but she received no dangerous wound.
Important requisites in a wt:/"e.—A knowledge
of domestic duties is beyond all price to a wo-
man. Every one of our sex ought to know how
to sew, and knit, and mend, and‘ cook, and su-
perintend a household. In every situation of
life, high or low, this sort of knowledge is of
great advantage. There is no necessity that
the gaining ofsuch information should interfere
with intellectual acquirement, or even elegant
accomplishment. A well regulated mind can
find time to attend to all. When a girl is nine
or ten years old, she should be" accustomed to
take some regular share in household duties, and
to feel responsible for the manner in which her
part is performed; such as her own mending,
washing the cups and putting them in place,
cleaning silver, or dusting and arranging the par-
lor. This should not be done occasionally, and
neglected whenever she finds it convenient; she
should consider it her department. Wlien old-
er than 12, girls should begin to take turns in su-
periutending the household, making puddings,
pies, cakes, &c. To learn effectually, they
should actually do these things themselves, and
stand by, and see others do theni.—Mrs. C/iilds.
A IIcalt/tful Rec;-eatz'on.--Anioiig the pleas-
ant employments which seem peculiarly con-
genial to out sex, the'culture of flowers stands
conspicuous. The genera_l stiperintendence of
a gardeu has been repeater ly fudi_id favorable to
health, leading to frcguent exercise in the
open air, and that communion of nature which
is equally refreshing to the heart. It was labor-
ing with her own hands in her garden, that the
uinilier of \Vasliingtgn was found by the youth-
ful Marquis La Fayette, when he sought lier
blessing ash_e 'was about to commit liiiiisclf to
the oc'ei‘in', and return to his native clinic. The
tending of flowers has ever appeared to me a
fitting care for the young and beautiful. They
then dwell as it were. among their own em-
blcms, and many a voice of wisdom breathes on
the car from those brief blossoms, to which
they apportion the dew and the sup,-beam—IlIrs.
Sigourney.
MR. WEBSTER IN THE WEST.
\Vriii:i~:LiNG, Va. May 16.
Mr. Webster arrived here on Saturday eve-
ning in the Girard, fromv»_Pittsburg, and took
lodgings in the Virginia Hotel. Understanding
that he was expected on that day, about one
hundred of his friends chartered the steam boat
John Jay, and starting between two and three
o'clock, met the Girard this side of Steubeiiville,
when the boats were lashed together and ran
down.
At the wharf, the boats were met by four or
five thousand persons, who had assembled to
welcome the statesman and orator. I-Ie remain-
ed here on Sunday. and yesterday about two
hundred ofliis friends took aspug family dinner
with him at the Virginia House, the proprietor
ofwhich has a most stipurb taste in that way,
and has cooks whose " dishes would fatten an al-
»derin_an,.
No set arrangements were made, and no at-
tempt at parade; but at the appointed hour the
room was thronged, until it was found ‘the ta-
hle’s full.’ V_Yiieii the various dishes had been
removed, andwine placed upon table, the
following toasts were given and responded to:
Our Country. Wronged and niisgo\'criicd
by ignorant and unprincipled rulers; oppressed
by a Government engaged in a wicked and un-
natural warfare against its best interests; we
have yet entire confidence in its ability to
emerge from its present disgistrous C0DdiU0fl-
'1-‘lie Union. As it is, "without addition or di-
minution.
1’,/zc Cimstitzttioiz. As administered by Wash-
ingtonand explained by Madison, not as per-
verted from its legitirnate construction by its
more niodcrri comtnentatnrs. __
To thcmemory o_fAle.t-antler Hamilton. The
first statesman of the age.. I-low signally the
predictions of his profound forecast and sagacity
have been verified by the past and present ex-
perience ofthe country.
The present condition of the Couplry. The
legitimate and foretold result of a series ofextra-
ordinary and violent tneasures, all tending in
their consequences to the prostration of confi-
deucp and credit. _
The past Adiiiinistration. ft‘ raudulent. in all
its practices and professions; its whole course
can be characterized as little else than one con-
telligcnce and respectable feeling ofthe commu-
nity to its lowest prejudiées and passions.
Our zlislirzguislied Guest. His manly and
untirjpg, though unsuccessful _efl'orts to sustain
the supremacy ofthe Constitution and the _Laws
against the encroacliuieiits of Executive power,
and to avert the catastrophe which now impends
over the country, have given him a new claim
to the gratitude of his countrymen, and added a
new lustre to that fame which was already im-
perishably jtlpntified witli the history of our in-
s.1l.1Ull0D5,-
In reply to this sentiment, Mr. Webster rose
and replied in a manner (his speech will be found
below) appropriate to the man, and the time at
which it was dr.-live_r_e.d, aitd ,c_l0s.e_t_l will] the fol-
lowing sentimpnt; _ V _
our Country; our Free _I7tSl‘?.l1tl'l07tS. Nev-
er to be despaired of, never to be deserted.
Henry Clay. __The worthy coadjutor of our
distinguished guest in the cause of constitutional
liberty. ,\,V_e _Cl.I,Cl‘lSl') his fame as amongst the
briglitest treasures ofoiir coiintry’s glory.
'1‘/ieriiiizorityirithc Senate pf the U. States.
New reduced to asmall, but Spartan band, well
do they deserve from ,t,li,eir p0Ulllry, tlieir “no-
ble and deterniined stand against ._t_lte _citc_t’0;tCl1-
ments of Executive p,ow.e;.
Benjamin Watkins Leig/i— .
.' Far more true joy Marcellus exiled feels,
Than Ca.-sar, with a Senate at his heels.’
The e.rpungin,__g- of the Journals of the Senate.
An act ot' unparalleled meanness and subservi-
ency; no allowance for the rancor or virulence
' to lier,and struck a second‘ blow. The edge of
of party spirit can excuse or extenuatc it.
4
‘ T he Better Currency.’ \Ve are now in a
fine way to have it ‘ with a vengeance ;’ paper
money fading from morning till noon, and fad-
ing still lower from noon till night.
SPEECH OF .MR. VVEBSTERs
AT wriiciaLiNG, VIRGINIA. ’
Jlfr. Chairman, and F cllow Citizens :
I cannot be iiirlitfereiit to the inanifestatious of
regard with which I have been greeted by you,
nor can I sullbr any show of delicacy to prevent
me from expressing my thanks for your kindness.
Itravel, gentlemen, for the purpose of seeing
the country, and of seeing what constitutes the
important part of every cou‘ntry—tlie People.-
I find every where much to excite, and much to
gratify admiration; and the pleasure I experi-
ence is only diminished by remembering the
unparallelcd state of distress which I have left
behind me, and the apprehensions, rather than
the feeling, of severe evils, which I find to exist
wherever I go.
I cannot enable those who have not witnessed
it, to comprehend the full extent of the suffering
in the Eastern cities. It was painful, indeed, to
behold it. So many bankriiptcies among grcat
and small dealers, so much property sacrificed,
so many industrious men altogether broken up
in their busiuess,'so_ many families reduced from
competence to want. So iiiaiiy hopes crushed,
so nianyhappy prospects forever clouded, and
such fearful looking for still gregtter calmaities,
all form such a mass of evil as'I had ever ex-
pected to see, except as the result of war, a pes-_
tilence, or sortie other external calamity. '
I have no wish, in the present state of things.
nor. should I have, indeed, if the state of things
was different. to pbtrude the expression of politi-
cal sentiments on such of my fellow citizens as I
may happen to meet ; nor, on the other hand,
have I any motive for concealing them, or'sup-
pressing their cxpi'essio:i, whenever others desire
that I should make them known. Iudeed,on the
great topics that now engage public attention, 1
hope I may flatter myself. that my opinions are
already known. "
Recent evils have not at all surprised me, ex-
ccpt that they have come sooner and faster than
I had anticipated. But, though not surprised, I
am afflicted ; I feel any thing but pleasure in
this early fulfillment of my own predictions.—
Much injury is done which the wisest future
counselscan never repair, and much more that
can never be remedied‘ but by such cotinsels and
tlielapse oftime. From 1832 to the presentme-
merit I have foreseen this result. I may safely
say I have foreseen it, because Iliave presented
and proclaimed its approach in every important
discussion and debate in the publie body ofwliich
I am a member. In 1832 I happened to meet
with a citizen of Wheeling. now present, who
has this day reminded me of what I then antici-
ated, as the result of the measures which the
Administration appeared to be forming in regard
to the currency. In the summer of the year
1833 I was hcre, and suggestetl to friends what I
knew to be resolved upon by the Executive, viz.
the removal of the deposites, which was announc-
ed two months afterwards. That was the a:.'ow-
ed aiid declared comniencement of the 3‘ Experi-
ment.” You know, gentlemen, the obloquy
then and since cast upon those of_us who opposed
this “experiment.” You know that we have
been called bank agents, bank advocates, bank
hirclings. You know that it has been a thousand
times said the experiment worked admirably,
that no_thing could do better, that it was the
highest possible evidence of the political wisdom
and sagacity of its contrivcrs; and none opposed
it or doubled its etficiency but the wicked or the
stupid. Well. gentlemen, here is the .end, if
this is the end, of this notable “ experiment.”-
Its singular wisdom has come to this ; its fine
workings have wrought _out an almost general
bankruptcy.
Its lofty promises, its grandeur, its flashes, that
throw other mcn’s sense and urrlerstaiiding back
into the shade, where are they now? Here is
the “ fine offines and the recovery of recoveries.”
Its panics,its scoffs, its jeers, its jests, its gibes at
all former experience -; its cry of “ a new policy,”
which was so much to delight and astouisli man-
kind. To this con__t:l_usion _has it.come a last :
“ But yesterday, it stood against the world,
Now lies ittliere, and none so poorto do it revereiice.”
‘It is with no feelings ofboasting or triumph, it
is with no disposition to arrogate superior wisdom
or discernment, but it is with humiliation, with
unaffected griefand aflliction, that Icontemplate
the condition of difliculty and _distress to which this
country, so vigorous, so great, so enterprising,
and so rich in internal wealth, has been brought
by the bad policy ofher Govcrnrnent.
\Ve learn to-day that most of the Eastern
banks have stopped payment; deposite banks as
well as _otlici's. The experiment has exploded.
That bubble, which so many of us all along re-
Slailkaml Stildiously tlirect.e.(l appeal fromthe in’ 'garded as the offspring of conceit, presuiiiption,
and political quackery, has burst. A general
suspension of payments must be the result; a
result which has come, even sooner than was
predicted. Where is now that better currency
that was promised‘! Where is that specie cir-
culation ? \Vhere are those rupees ofgold and
silver, Wl)l_Cil were to fill the Treasury of the
Goverpineiit as well as tho pockets of the Peo-
pic? Has the Government a single hard dollar?
Has the Treasury any thing in the world but
credit and dcposites in banks that have already
suspended paynicut ?.IIow are public creditors
now to be paid in specie? How are the de-
posites, whicli the law requires" to be made with
the States on the first of July, now to be made’!
We must go back to the beginning, and take a
new start. Every step in our fiiiancial and
banking system since 1832 has been a false step.
It has been a step which has C0l]CltlCl_C'(._I*lS‘Qlrll]er
and further from the path of safety. ‘
The d_is_continuancc of the iialional batik. the
illegal renioyal of the deposites,the accu mu ation
ofthe public _r_evc‘n_u,e in banks selected by the
Executive, and for a long time "subject to no le-
gal regiilatipn gr r,est_rai,tit, and finally this up-
authorized and illegal Tie‘ sur order, have
brought us yv_h_er_e w,'e"arc.' .‘he _destruct_ion of
the national haul. wa_s the signal for the creation
of an unprecedented number of new state banks,
some of‘ them witli more disproportionate, and
even more nominal capital than the national
bank had possessed. These banks, lying under
no restraint from the General’ Govern_i_ncnt, or
any of its iiistittitiriiis, issuiiig paper correspond
ing to their own sense of their iiiitnedititc in
tercsts and hopes of gain; the dcposite with the
State banks, of the whole public revenue, then
accuiiiultited to vast aiiioniit. and making this
dcposite {vithout any legal restraint or control
whatever, increased both the power and disposi-
tion of these banlis for extensive issues. In that,
the Government seems to have administered
every possible provocation to the banks, to induce
them to extend their circulation. It uniformly,
zealously, and successfully opposed the land
bill, a most useful measure, by which aecuiiitila-
tion in the Treasury would have been prevented;
and, as ifit desired and sought this accumulation,
it firially resistsd, with all its power, the deposite
among the states. It is advanced as a reason
for the present-overthrow, that an extraordinary
spirit of speculation has gone abroad, and -has’
been inauifestcd, partieularl,y and strongly in the
endeavor to purchase the public lands ;‘ but" hiis
not every act of the Governiiiept ' directly en-
couraged this spirit ? It aceuizfiu atcd reypntie
which it did not need, all of which it left in the
deposits ‘t-’,'€tnl_<s~. Thebanks had money to loud,
and there were enough who were ready to bor-
row, for the purpose o_f purchasing the public
lands al.GOV‘/Cl'l],t1_1C_[_]l prices. The public Treas-
ti_ry was thus made the great and efficient iiieans
of= et'l'ectir.g those pu_i'cl_iqscs svliicli have"since
been so much tlcuounccd as extravagant specu-
lation and extensive monopoly. These purchas-
ers borrowed the public ii_igncy; they used the
public money to buy the public property ; they
speculated on the strength of the public money;
and while all this was going on, and every man‘
saw it, the Administration resisted to-the utmost
of its power every attempt to witlidraxv this
money from the hands qfthose speculators, and
distribute it aiiioug the people to whom it belong-
ed. lftliere has been overtrading, the Govern-
ment lias encouraged it ; if there has been rash
speculation iii_ the public lands, the Governtpeiit
has furnished the means gut of the Treastiry.—
These unprecedented sales ofthp public domain
were boasted of as proofs of a happy state of
things, and ofa wise Administration of the Go-
vernment, down to the inoinentwlien Congress,
in opposition to the Executive wishes, passed
the distribution law, thus withdrawing tie stir-
plus revenue from the depositp banks. ‘The suc-
cess of that measure compelled a change in the
Executive policy, as the accumulation of a vast
amount of money in the Treasury was no longer
desirable. This is the most favorable motive to
which I can ziscribc the Treasury order of July.
It is now said that that order was issued for the
purpose of enforcing a strict cxecution ofthe law
which forbids the allowance ofcredits upon pur-
chases of the public lands, but there was no such
credit allowed before; not an hour was given
beyond the time of sale. In this respect the or-
der produces no diflereucc wliatever. Its only
eflect is to require an immediate payment in
specie, yyliercas, before, an immediate payment
in the bilis _ofspc.cie paying banks was tleinarid-
ed. _Thei',e is no more credit in the one case
than in the other ; and the Govei‘n_ment getsjust
as much specie in one case as in the other; for
no sooner is the specie, which the purchaser is
compelled to procure, often at great charge, paid
to the receiver, tliau it is sent to the tleposife
banks, and the G0\'el'lll]lCnl. has credit for it on
the books of the bank; but the specie itself is
again sold by the batik, or disposed of as it sees
fit. It is evident the Goveriiiiieiit gets nothing
by all this, though the purchasers, and especially
the purchasers of small tracts, are put to great
expense. No one gains any thing bit; the banks
and the brokers. It is _iporeov'er,"most true, that
the art of man could not have devised a plan
more efiectually to give the large purchasers .or
speculators a decided preference and advantage
over small piirch_asei's, who purchased for actual
settlement, than the Treasury order of July,
1836. The stoppage of the banks, however. has
now placed the actual settler in a still more un-
fortunate situation How is he to obtain money
to pay for his quarter section ? He must travel
thr.ee or four times as many miles for it as he has
dollars to pay, ev.eu ifhe shoultl be able to :Qi)l.~al‘l)
it at the end oftliatjoiirney, ' " 5
I will not say that other caiiscs, built at home
and abroad, have notliad an agency in bringing
about the present ,iler_a,iig._enient I know that
credits have been used beyond all former exam-
ple ; that it is probable the spirit of trade has
been too highly excited ; that the piirsuit ofbusi-
ncss may have been pressed too fast and too far.
All this _I am ready to admit. But, instead of
doing any thing to _abat.e its tendency, out Go-
vernment lias been the prime instrument of fos-
tcring and encouraging it. It has iartcd volun-
tarily, and by advice, with all control.Q¥.er the
actual currency of the coiintry. It has given a
free and full scope "to the spirit of banking ; it
has aided the spirit of speculation with the pub-
lic trsasnre; and it has done all this in the midst
ofloud sounding promises of an exclusive specie
nietlitini, a_n_d a tirofpssed tletestzttiop of all bank-
institulions. I ' ' ' ' ‘ "'
lt isin vain, therefore, to say that the present
state of afliiirs is owing. _notto‘tlic' acts ofGovern-
iiient, but to other causes, over which the Govern-
ment had no control. Much of it is owing to
the course of the National Government; and
what is not so, to causes the operation of which
Government was bound, in duty, to use all its
legal powers to contrtil.
Is there an intelligent man in the community,
at this moment, who believes that iftlie Bank of
the United States had been continued ; ifthc de-
posites had not beenjemovcd ; ift_hc specie cir-
cularhad not been issued, the fiiiaiicial afl'aii's of
the country would have been in as bad a state as
they now are ? lllllien certain consequences are
repeatedlydepicted and foretold. from particular
causes ; when the maniicr in which these ,con_"e-
quences will be produced is precisely pointed out,
beforcliaiid ; and when the consequences gnome
in the _r_iiai_in_c; foretold, who will stand up and
de_cl_ai"e lliat, iiotwitlistaiitling all t_hi_s, there is no
connexion b_etweeii the _<;',z_i'_iise' and the c_o_nse-
qucncc, and that all tlicsc effects are attribtitable
t_o _sp_i_iic _ot_l_icr nob_ody knoyvs what '!
No doubt we shall hear every cause but the
true ones, assigned for the prcs,ent'distress. It
will be laid to the Opposition in and out _of Con-
gress, it will be laid to the batik, it will _)e laid to
the _m__orcliant_s, it will be laid to iiianufacturers,
it will b_c laid to the tzirill, it will be laid to the nortli
star, or to the nialign IIIIIUCDCVC of the last comet,
whose tail swept near or across the orbit of our
eartli, before we 5lltlll‘l)_C allowed to ascribe it to
rcncy, and an. attempt to stretch E.i:ecu(it'e power
over (L subject nol'corisliluli0nu!Iy icit/tin its reach.
\Ve have heard. "eiitleinen, ofthe suspeiisioti
ofsome of the Eastern banks only ; but I fear
the same course must be adopted all the banks
throughout the country. The United States
Bank, now a mere state institution, with no pub;
lic deposites, no aid from Government, but on
. __ v
tliecoiitrary, long an object of blue persecution
by it, was, at our latest advices, stil 'rni. But
can we expect ofihat bank to make sacrifices to
continue specie payment C’ 'If it continues to do
50. D,0,\_V the dpposite bgliilgs lifiife stopped, the
Goyernment Wlll llrziw from it its last dollar, if it
making its own paytneu_ts '§pecie. 51,311
be glgd if this iiistitutiori find it prudent and
proper to hold out bu't'as'tt owes no, more
duty to the Governt_iicri_t' than any other bank,
and, ofeourse, tiiu,':,h less than the deposite banks,
I cannot see any ground for‘ dcinaiiding from it
ctliirts and sacrifices to favor the Gt)\’el'DIl‘t('l’ll.,
which those holding the public money, and owing
duty to the Government. are uuwilliiig or unable
to make; nor do lsce how the New England
banks can stand alone in the‘ general crush. I
belieye iliose! iii Massacliiisetts {ire yery sound,
and entirely solvent ; I'lia\_'c' every cimfidencc
in their ability to pay; and I shall rejoice if,
amidst the pl‘C$CI]l. V_vr.eck, we find them able to
ivithstantl’ the storm :‘ but at the same time I con-
fess shall not lip disa_ 7, iointed if they, seeing
no public object to be aitiiinctl, proportionate to
the private loss, and iiidividiial sacrifice and
rtiiti, which must result from the means neces-
sary to enable tliem to liold out, sliopld pp; ‘be
(lisiiiigqislied ltgtii tlieit’ §§3,'.1tl_icru and" \\ cstcrii
neighbors. .
I believe, genilt~mcn,the ‘extieriiiieut? pitist
go tlirough. believe every part ZllIt.I.])Dl'll0‘l'l»$.4,l'
our country will have a. satisfactory taste of the
‘better currency.’ I believe we shall be bless-
ed again with the currency of1812, when mon-
ey vvgis the only uncurreiii spepies of property.
\_l_('e have, ainidst';ill the distress that surrtipnds
us, men in and out of power, who condemn a
National Bank, in every form, maintain the ef-
ficacy and efficiency ofstate banks for d imestic
exchange, apd atpitlst all the suffering and terror
of the ‘experiment,'_cry out that they are estab-
lisliing a ‘better currency !' The ‘ (’.1‘I)CT‘l7_l1_.._‘3'i1l,"
lIlB4t3l>‘-P-efiillelll. upon what? The experiment
of one‘ {nan upon the liappiiicss, the well-being,
and I may almost say the lives of twelve mil-
lions pt? liuman beings: .»\_n_ ei_tp_criiii'ent, it iat
ligs l’_UllI](.l usin health’, that found us with the
best currency upon the face of the earth, the
saiiie froin the l\.lorili to t_l:c‘ Sputli, from Boston
to St. Louis, equaling silver or old in every
part ofthe _Uiiion. and possessing the iinliiiiited
coiilidence of the European Powers and people,
and leaves us _cruslicd, ruined, witliout means at
home, and witlioutcrcdit abroad. H i A’
*‘ Tlip word ‘experiment,’ appears likely to get
into no enviable iiotcriety. It may probably be
lield in future, to signify any thing which is too
egzgjiiciatiiig to be borne-—likc a pang of the
rlieauniatisiii, or an extraordiiiary twinge of the
gout. Iiideetl, from the expcr_ieii_c,e that we now
have, we inayjudgc that the bad eriiincrice of
ofth_e Iiiqiiisition may be supercedcd b it, and
ifoiie shall be li’ct'cafter strctclied upon'tl.c rack,
or broken on tlii: wheel, it may be said, while
all his bones are ‘cracliing, all his muscles snap-
ping, all his veins are pouring, that he is only
passing iutp a better state through the delightful
process of an ‘ carpet-ime:nt.’
Gentlemen, you will naturally ask, where is
this to end, apt] l_\'ll.'.l_l to bethc rcmcdy? These
are questions ',()I“ni()lllCDl0US iniportaiice, but
probably the proper moment has not come for
considering this. \Ve are yet in the midst of
the wlirilwiud, apd scarcely able to hold ou_r
hats on. Every inaii’s thoughts are turned to-
wards his own ittitnedigtte pr,cs,ervation. \Vheii
the blast is ovcr,'aiid we liaye breathing time,
the country must take this siih_ic,ct, this all im-
portantsubject of relief for tho pf_€S_Cl‘ll, and s_e-
curity for the future. iiito its iiiost serious con-
sideration. It will t]Qd,()lll)lC_dIy first engage the
attention aii_d wisdom of Coiigress. It will call
on public men, entrusted with public alfairs, to
lay aside party preferences and prcjutliccs, and
unite in the great work of redccmiiig the coun.
try from this state of _disast;er_and disgrace. All
iliat I mean atmpreslerit to say, genlIt‘.[_DeD..lS,
that the Govpriiiiieiit ofthe United Sta_tes stands
cliargcab e, in my opinion, with a gross dercli_c-
tionofduty in leaving the currency of the :.C.0tln-
try entirely at the mercy of others; \V'llIlplll
seeliingtocxcrcise over it any ..C'.0titrol wliat_ev-
or. The means of exercising this control rests
in the wisdom of Congress, but the duty I hold
to be it_ripe_rative. It isa power th_a_t cannot be
yielded to others with safety to itsclfor to tliein.
It might as well give up the’ power of making
war or icace to the" States. and leave the.twen-
ty-six independent sovereigntics to select their
own foes, raise their own troops, and conclude
their own _t,crnis of peace. lt might as well
leave the states to impose their own duties, reg-
ulate their own terms and treaties ofcommcrce.
as to give‘ up all control ov_er the currency, in
which all are interested.
The present government has been in opera-
tion forty-eight years. During forty-three of
these forty-ciglit years we have had a natipna
institution performing the duties ofa fiscal z'.g',;=’m
to the govcriiiiipiit, and exercising a most ' use-
ful control overthe domestic expliaages, and
over the currency of the pnuntry. The tirst in-
stitution was _cliaitc_re_d on the ground that such
an insti_tutio_n was necessary. to the safe aml
economical ailmipistration ofthe Treasury De-
partrnent in the ,i:,qll,i2.c_tion and tlisbursgriients of
its revenue. -Tire _experi,enc’e ofthe new Go__ve_rp-
nient had clearly proved its necessity. '
At that tiriic, howeve_r, there were those who
doubted the power of Qoiigrpss, under the pro-
visions oftlie Constitution, to_incorp,o_r_ate a bank;
buta majority of both Houses were of gt differ-
ent opinion. President Wasliiiigtop saiictipnetl
the measure. and gnipng those who doubted,
those of most weighfand consideration in the
country, and whose opinions were _en_tit_led to
the highest degrep of restiect, yielded to the
opinions of Congress and the country,.and con-
sidered it a settled ’question. Among those yvlio
first d0ubtedtl_i__e power of the Goveriimeiit was
one whose naine should pp,\té_t' be uiciitioned
itsjust, riiain _cau,_scs'-—'-a tEznzpcring' with the citr-
pcnsionfi - - _
can do so, in o_'d§:r' to keep up a-pretepce of
" The mail of tlutt day broiiglrt advices of its sits» .
,Wilh9I1.t F.¢Sp_¢.<;t. and'\'euera_ti_ou, one for whom I
can say I feel a_s high a veneration as one m_au
can or ought to feel for another, one who wag,
intimately ascociated with all the fea_tu_ri;_s of the,
Constitution, Mr. Madi_s_9n; yet, \yh_951.Con‘.
gress had decided on this measure, x_x)_g._.
Jormes. wh_en_i_h_e President had‘ "approved it;
when the Judicial tribunals had sai,it:t'ion.ed it,
when public opinion haildeliberately and decid-
edly confirmed it, he looked on the subjeét Bib
dehnitely and finally settled. The reasoiiers of
9,"! day think o.tli.<.=rivi.se- No <l€¢i$i9n. nb pub-
lic sanction, no yudgmenlt of the tribuugtls is all-T
lowed to weigh against their own respect for
their '9‘V}_’l)_‘(_)[)illlOnS._ They rush to the argtli
meat as that of a new question, despising all
light but that of their own unclouded sagacity,
and careless of the venerable living and of the’
mighty ‘lead’ Tile? D0i,§e t_his'irrip'ortant ques-
tion upon some. small points of their own slen-
der logic, and decide it on the strength of tlieir.
unintelligible nietapbysi¢s_._ It nle\‘<_:r'ent’ers_i ’L_
to all lheirlhoughts ihatthis is ii’ subject 1'9, e
udged of on broad, comprehensive, and p';acti-
'cal grounds; still less does it occur to them that
an exposition of ihe.Constitution, cotemporané-,
ous with its earliest existence, acted on for near-_
l.Yl1.=ll.fa century. in .Y§‘lll(,3.l1 itié‘biigijial fi-ameigs
and goverumeiit oflicers of the highest note con-
ctirred, ought to have any weiglit in their decis-
i_p,u, o_r inspire theni with the least doubtof the
accuracy and soundness of their owri opinions.
They soai so liigli in the regions of self respect"
as to be far beyond the reach of such considciaj
dog‘ _ ..
' It-or sound views upon the subject of-a nation-
al baiik, I would commend you, gentlemen, to
the Messages of Mr. Madison, and to his letter
on the subject. They are the views ofa truly
great inaii'and astatesiiian. " ' ' ' i " ‘
As the first bank of the United States had its
originin necessity, so had the second; dud al-
though there was something of misfortune. and
certainly something of iiiismapageiiient in its
eagly career, no candid or ii_i_te ligent man can
or ajpioment dopbt or depy its usefulness, or that
it fully gccomtilishetl the object for which lt was
created. Exchanges, during all the left yearg
cfits existence, were easily"eficcted an a" citi‘.-_j
rency the most uniform of any in the world ex-
isted throughnut the country. The opponents
of these institutioiis did not deny tliuv general
P'°SP.8Tll)’ ands h'ar>'i>.v state of ll1lP.£.S existed
at the time they were in operation, bu't'contend-
ed that equal prosperity would exist without
them, while specie would take the place gftheitj
issues as it circulating the ii,i'rii. ' I ow‘ have
their words been vcrifierl 3' Bbth in the case of
the first apt! that ofthe last, a general sus-
pension of specie payments has happened i_
about a year from the time they were gutfefeg
toexpire, and a universal coii_fusioii and disliriist
prev'alled. The first bank expired 1811, and
all the State banks south of New Eiigland stop-
ped paymentin18l2';"tlie'cliarter of the late
bank expiretl in Marcli 1836; ahdflin May 1837,
a like distrust. and ii like suspepsion ofthe State
banks takes place. ' " '
The Sam? .r.e§ii'lts. we may readily suppose-
are attributable to the same causes, and we
must look to the experience and wisdom of the
People and of Coiigress to apply the iei tiisitp
retiieily. I will not say the only remedb is it
Ngtippal Bank, but I will say that, in my opin-
ion, the only su_re reiiietly for the evils that Dpiig
prey upon us, is tlip assninption, by the Deleé
gatcs of the P-eople,in the Natipiial Governinetit.
o_f some lawful control over the finances of tlio
natioii, and a power of regulating its ctirren;
Gentlemen, allotvtrie again, to express my
thanks for the kindness you have shown me
this day, and, in copglusitip, to assure you that,
though a representative in the Federal Unveili-
nient of but a small section‘, when compgfpd
with the vast territory that a‘cknowledg,e.-SJ‘ fill?‘
statics to tlms Government» 1 shell .n.er.er f.o.rg.et‘
that I am acting for the weal pr woe of the whole
country, and so far as I am capable will pledge
myself impartially to use every t’--'.‘?t.!l°P .f°..r that
c0ii.mry’8 “'.e1fs'i.r.€.- ' ” "
From the Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel.
TRIJTH AND .ELOQ,IJENOEl.
Mr. Jones—You will oblige ti subscriber by
publishing the extracts wliich send you ; tip‘
at the same time you will be doingjusti'(':eto'your
readers, laying before them, in the gala tiept
language of one of the most disiiitereste and
sagaci_o'_s stgitestnen of the present day, _a plain
view ii the causes whiph have brouglit about th_e
present _direfiil state pfaffairs, '
A gentleman, ilistingnislied for his scientific
and literary attainments, and by general consent
one of the best critics in the United States; one
w_ho§.e young blood was warmed by the exciting
eloquence of BURKE and Fox, has pronguticeti
the speecli ftopi tvhi_ch‘I have bprr_o_\v£.d superior
to any thing ever spoken by either of thpsp glis-
tinguishcd British nrators, ‘
M 0st of the irediciious mgide in this speech are
now being realized. ,
' .“ M7110 is it that has Ifiridled up (liatprmfl;zgra-
tion wliicli is now sicegpiyig over the [and like a
irairicflre on the _l-Vest,’ bearing destruction in itii
_bp.spyz,layi1i.g a ‘scene of desolation in its rear, aritl
scatteririg constcrizatimi in every direction ?" If
anyare at a loss for an answer, let, :,l,,Ffi1 3-legit] tlffi
following extracts from the speech of Gen. Mc-
Dui‘Fi_r:_, relative to the public dcposites: ’
“ In the present calamitous copilitioq of the
country, we have a melancholy cxemp ification
to rpve how small a share of liuman wisdom is
requisite to produce the greatest conceivable ex-
tent of human misery. The meanest piguiy,
armed with a sceptte, pan destroy, in a" sipgle
day, the great fabric of a nation’s prosperity,
},l_:'lllCll all the iiitcllectual giants of the laiid cau-
iiot rebuild in a long and laborious course ofyéarit,
I will not tell the people to look for salvation to
those who have involved them ip this ggitgitpity.
No. sir, this storm lips been produced by a spe-
cies of uecrotnappy, iivli'i_cli is pdowpd only with
the elemeiits, has no power of egprpisxn to"lay
them. The Progpprp, whose fatal wand has
fearful and disastrous commotion, liag po magic
power to call up the ministering spirits of tho
stormy deep to rescue the sinking fortune _of ii
'li_'ole People, raslily and wickedly ex ose
the rocks, winds‘, waves, and giiicksan s c this
most desperate and \_vicked experiment. .
.. The experience of the last few years has _e 1-_
tirely changed my views as toihe-destiny oftiip
taamgn race. My youthful visions of perfecti-
bility of mankind have vanished, before the pad
realities of the times. They are gone forever,-—
I am _now constrained to believe that, with ‘all:
th lights of rpasou and experience, and the politi-
ca iniproveinents of purjcountry, rnep arp still
the idolatroiis and predestined victims of impos-
ture'. Before that God to whom I gm responsi-
ble for what I say here, I do believe the annals
of human idolatry and delusion cgnnot furnish
an exampleofa more impudent, audacious, and
monstrous iintosture. _th_an that which this Ad-
_ll]illiSlr_I.ll0n is attempting, and, fear, with too"
much success. to paliniiipon the People of the
United States, under the flimsy and delusive
guise of returning to the primitive simplicity o 1
a ‘ hard money Government.’ Nothing that
have read, ‘amongst all the superstitions of the‘
world, traiicends its monstrous audacity.
“ It is an eventful crisis in our history, and it
remains to be decided whether the People can
made the dupes pf this l110l38l’I_0l._1S _schet_ne
the faculty of miscliiéf, and w iich, having raised _
conjured up these elements into this wild ‘(mg .
Norwalk Chronicler