, ous coiisideratittn. 1,
lain all lllt-'88 lllSlliU'il0tl-’~‘, Which constitute gives them the absolute title of the land successful exertions does not exist.
' latures of their jurisdiction over any class
' of people, living within their respective
, limits.
3 L.‘ -Jhcise, has varied from time to time, as the
., v;u_igd,._l_)ii_t of whose litnitritioris the civili-
' _-.'7',r§ii“éorfihiutrities,l_r,ave been and must be
"."judgee. ' And, bcsitlcs, ifihe Indian tribes
" " are independent of the State authorities,
‘ofihai great branch of-tlie national defence.
This is to be regretted; for, although this
force cannot be regarded as ourniost. iin-
portant ineans of safety in the. event of
war','it is still a valuable auxiliary, and
one which the nattire of our ins_tiiutioiis,
opposed as they are to a large’ standing
army, renders indispensable. The po_w-
er oforganizing, arming, and disciplimng
the militia is granted by the Constitution
to Congress; and if the laws upon this
subject are inadequate or inadequalt.-ly ex-
ectiicd, it is for the wisdo.n of that .body
to apply the. remedy.” '
This condition and prospects ofthe ah-
original tribes within the limits of, the U-
nited States are yet the subjects of anx-
ious solicitude to the Government. Cir-
ctintsiaitces have occurred within a few
years, which have prodticcd important
changes in tho intercourse between them
and us." In some of the States, they ltave
becnbrouglit within the operation of the
ordinary nruuicipal laws, and their grega-
lariuus have been abrogated by, legislative
enactments. This procedure renders
niost ofthe-provisions of the various acts
of Co_ngress upon this subject inoperative ;
-and a crisis, in our Indian affairs has evi-
dentlv arrived, which calls for the estab-
lishnfeiit ofa system of policy adapted to
the existing state ofthings, and calcula-
ted to fix upon a poimairrriit basis the fit-
tute destiny of the Indians. Whatever
change may be contemplated in their con-
dition or situation, tio one" will advocate
the etnploynient offorce or improper iti-
fluczice in-effecting it. It'is, due to the
character ofthe Govoriiiiit-tit and the feel-
ings of the country, not less than to the
moral and physical imbecility of this un-
litiopy. race, that a spirit of kindness and
forbt-araticc should marl. the whole course
ofour iirterconimunication with drain.-
The great object, after satisfying ourselves
what would best eirstirc their permanent
welfare, should be to_ satisfy Illt'ltl of the
integrity ofour views,and ofthe wisdom
ofthe course recommended to them.——--
There is enough in the i'ett't=spect for so-
rious reflection on our part, and for uri-
pleasant l'€C0llé‘cil0ll on theirs; and it is
only by a tllfipasiliitltlle examiiiatioii ofthe
between the 'coiifedera'te_d Government
and its men-_bers, and to which we’ have
eiitrustc-d'tlie‘exercise of this supervisory
authority, but ulieilicr the laws‘ of nature
give to either any authority up_on the sub-
jcct. But, ifthe claim rest upon alleged
conventional-engagements, it may then be
doubted wlietlier in all our treaties with
the Indians there is any Sllptlldllull, incom-
patible with the exercise of the ‘pour er of
legislation over them. For if there were,
the legislative power of Congress, as well
as ihatofthe respective States, would be
aiiniliilated, and the treaties ..alone would
regulate the intercourse between the par-
ties. But, on a careful investigation, it
will probably be found, that, in none of
our treaties with the Indian tribes, is there
any guaranty ofpolitical iiglits incompati-
ble with the exercise of the power oflogis-
lation. These inst-runients are generally
either treaties of peace or of cessioti.-—
The forrtici restore and secure to the Iii-
diaus interests of which they were depri-
ved by conquest, and the latter define the
boundaries ofcessions or reservations, and
prescribe the terms and consideration, and
regulate generally the principles of the
new compact. In both, every sound rule
of construction requires,tliat the terms used
should be expounded agreeably to the tie-
iure of the sulzject-niatter, and to the rela-
tions previously subsisting between the
parties. If general expressions are not
controlled by these principles, then the
term “ their land," OI", as it is elsewhere
called, “ their hunting grotinds,” insearl
ofmeaniiig what our own negotiators and
the Indians tlicmselves tinrlerstood, that
possessory right, which they have hereto-
fore ciijoyed, would at once change our
whole system ofpolicv, and leave them as
free to sell, as it would individuals-or na-
-tions to buy, those large tinzipprapiiated
districts, which are rather visited than pos-
sessed by the Indians.
It may be rt-marked that all rights se-
cured liy treaty stipulations are wholly iii-
dependent olthis question of jirrisdiction.
Iftlie Indiiiiis are subject to the legislative
aulliority ofthe United States, that autlior-
ity will no doubt be exercised so as notito
contravene those rights. If they are stib-
subject, and by prudctii and timely iiitas- ject to the respective States, stich tr»o,will
tires, flint we can hope to repair ‘the er-
rors ofthe past by the exertions of the
fu‘ui'e.
The Indians, who are placed in imme-
diate contact with the settled portions of
the United States,liave now the al eznaiive
presented to tlieirr, of remaining in their
present positions, or of migrating to the
country west of the Mississippi. If they
are lll(ltl(‘8tl to prefer the former, their po-
liiicalcoiiditioii becomes a subject ol'seii-
They must either re-
tlictii a peculiar people, both socially and
be the lr.-gislaiioii over them. And if, uti-
advisedly, any right should be impaired,
the Indians have-tlie same resort as our
own citizens to the tribunrils of justice for
redress ; for the law,while it claims their
obedieiigc, provides for their security.——
The Slll)l‘t'tl)_2lC_‘§r' of the State Goverme_irts
is neither lnC0l‘l~l$iEllI with our obligations
to the Indians, nor are these itccessarily
impaired by it. It may be difficult ‘to de-
fine precisely the nature oftlicir possesory
right, but no one will contetitl that it
with all its attributes; and every one will
politically, or they must become rt portion probably concede that they are entitled to
‘oftliat great coniiuiiuity which is gathering as much as is tiecr-ssttry to their comforta-
rouiid them, responsible to its laws atid_ ble stibsisreiice. _
i any stipulations tviih them, of which, liow- with adtlitional interest, and is tiow pros-
Cao they expect to tnaittlttin that quasi ever," I am not aware, inconsistent with ecuted with great zeal dzexeriirrn ; wheth-
independeiice they have heretofore eir_jtt_V- the limited powers ofthe government, or or with equal effect, time must show.--
eti Pvaud could tliey so maintain it, would interfetitig with paramountobligations, the That most ofthose engaged in this labor‘
looking to them for protection.
Ifwo have entered into
tht='pi-ivilege be beiieficiril to them ‘l remedy is obviniis. Let ample competi-
The rtgltt to extend their laws over all sation be made to them by the U. States, motives,I do not question.
‘persons, living within their bouud;iries,has i
been claimed and exercised by many of
"the States. The Ext-cutive ofthe United i
it a spirit of good faith and libt-rali!y.—
The question would he one, not of pecun-
ary amount, btit of tiational clitiracter and
States has, on full consideration, decided nation-alt.-bligazions,
that there is no power in that department
to iiiterpose any 0l)S‘.ilClU 10 ll!!! flSSUltll3- nor the Indians, it becomes us to examine coniiuoti to all, who lttlve precetletl lllem
A5 Upon this 00- the actual state ofthings, and to view these
tion of this authority.
ordiiiate branch of the Government dc- ;
'V'0lV0S the ext-‘-Cllllfltl Oflllc laws: ilttl pnr- Looking at the circumstances attending patioiis ofthe tiiost signal success, only to
That we may neither deceive ourselves
is they are, and as they are likely to be.
iiculai-ly many of the most important pro- this claim ofexemption oti the one sido,aud
_Vl>l0llSlll the various acts regulating iiitcr- of sitpreinacy oti the other, is it probable spondcncy.
course with the Indians, it is difficulttoi th,,t the Indians can succeed in the estab-
couceive how these pi'o_visions can be eu- l
forccd,aftei’ the Pt‘esltLlt’ni has deiermltted turn of the question, doubtful to say the admitted.
they have been abrogated by a state of l
other acts perfotnitrd, which require the i
cu-Operation Pflllle E-X0C“llV'9r Gillie? lfl complicated in its relations, and indefinite nortli-tvesterii tribes. Amongtliern, Iani
l5llm8l1l0f.lll(’lI‘ pretensions’! The na-
cast of it; the opinion of the Executive;
-things inconsistent with their obligations. the pmciice of the older states, and the
‘HOW lH'0SeC'Ull0l18 can be C0ll£lUCl0€l, “'05- claims of the younger ones; the diff1cul- tiriiable value of the doctrines which have
‘pass:-.rs removed by military power, and ties which would attend the introduction been taught them.
iito otir system of a thi.d govertinient,
‘ii’.-iii’-ll‘ °"l'“'°t‘=’less. in its principles; public seiitinietit, natu-
tion.
. -.'..- prestiirte to discuss this qties- rally opposed to any rediiciion of ten-iio. ht_-i few and tenipot'ai'y. Of the condi-
3- "Ml ll dtlleflllllletls alld ll": 5*-‘filled rial extent or political power; and the ob- tion ofthe Cherol~:o.05s “'l‘° ‘"9 Said l°
‘»tr‘lt‘-.~ ‘-* “'9 G‘'‘'°“lll‘‘3lll “l'°’“l.Y ll‘ "P31" vious difiiculties, inseparable front the coii- have made greater advances illa" 3")’ °l
Vt i==|l0Vt'-1‘ dlV0l'Sll_Y Olitllllllltm lllefe sidcration ofsucli a great political question,
may be UPON lllt3 5Ub_l¢'=Cls lll°5° Who “"9 with regard to the tribunal, and the trial, information as I have been able to'- pl‘0i
l1t0Sl,0lllJ05€0l l0 lllf’-‘l0 Vl9“'3 Wlll probably the judgement, and the process ; present cure. I I
admilu lllal ll“? ‘i‘le‘ll"“ ls 3 ‘l°“l’ll‘“l 009» obstiacles which tnust all be overcotiie bc- vory and other peculiar causes among them
-complicated in its relations, and pregnant {me {hiq claim can he gnfgrced,
with serious consequences. The claim of
eXt3mpll0fl lift’!!! the 0P3T3ll0" °l' llle SW6 of tribes, east ofthe Mississippi, succeed acquired property, and ‘with it some ed“-
laws, which is presented in favor of-the in (he p,~o3,;cutlon of this claim, would catim, and ;,,f,,,,,,,,,;,,,,_
But could the tribes, and the remnants.
Indians, must rest iipoti the Constitution ihe issue he hem-licial to them, imm_edl_
or upoti conventional eiigagenients. If
"W" ‘he f°”“°'r ll "WY l""l°"l’le‘l Wllelll‘ would not; and this conclusion is founded state of things, with which they are dis-
“ llta‘ lns”-“"16"” °‘""‘”“- “W 3'3"‘ °l on the. cond-tion and cltttracter of the In- satisfied, rind which offers them no ration-
(xrrvferiinienl. dians, and on the result of the ‘efforts, al prospect ofstability and iniproverrieitt.
authority to the. General
which necessarily divests the State Legis-
The two provisions, which can
alone bear upon the subject, seem to have
far different oh_jt:cts in view. If the claim
rest upon natural right,it may be doubted
whether the condition and institutions of
this rude people do not give to the civili-
zed comuiunities around whom and among
whom they live, the iiglit of guardianship
overtheni; and whether this View is not
fortified by the practice of all other civili-
"zed nation: under similar circuiiistztnct-s-—
a practice, whicli, in its extent and exer-
-_-relative, ciifciinisttiiices ofthe parties have
on ‘ account ‘of the natural and relative
rights of bdtli, the-so tribes I|l'8.€qUuIIy iii-
depende'nt'ofihe authorities of the United
States. The claim, upon this ground, pla-
ces the parties in the attitude of entire iti-
‘ ofthe United States, upon natural right, awly or minutely?
We have every reason to believe it
which have been made by them, and for
them,to resist the operation of the causes
tlia_t yet threaten their d_estriictioii._
I need not stop to illustrate these posi-
tion. They are connected with the views,
which will lr: found in the sequel of this
report. And it is not necessary to embar-
rass a subject already too coiuprehensive.
A change of residence, therefore, from
their present positions to the regions west
ofthe Mississippi, presents the only hope
ofpernianent establishment and improve-
ment. That it will be attended with iii-
conveniences and sacrifices, no one can
doubt. The associations, which bind the
Indians to the hind oftlieir forefathers are
strong and enduring ; and these artist be
broken by their migration. But they are
also broken by our citizens, who every
day encounter all the difliciilties ofsimilar
changes in the pursuit ofthe means 0fsup-
port. And the’ experiuieiits, wliich have
been made, saii-'l'-tictorily shozv, iliat, by
proper precautions, and ‘liberal appropri-
ations,'tho removal rind esiablislinirriit of
the lriditins can be effected with litilo‘com-
dependence : for the question their is not
liow we have divided our political power
ptirative trouble to them or us. Why,
then, should the policy of this measure be
disputed, or its adoption opposed? The
wliolo subject has materiallyclrangt-.d,even
within a few years ; and the imposing-
considerations it now presents, and. which
are every day gaining new force, call upon
the Government and the country to deter-
mine what is required on our part, and
what course shall be reconimended to the
Indians. If they remain, they must de-
cline, antl eventually disappear. Sticli -is
the restilt of all experience. If ‘they re-
move,they may be comfortably establislred,
and their moral and physical condition
meliorated. It is certainly betterfor them
to meet the difficulties of‘renioval, with
the probability of an adequate aiidfinril
reward, thaii,yieldiiig to their constitution.-
al apathy, to sit still and perish. _
The great inortil debt we owe to this
unhappy race is universally felt and ac-
ktiouledged. Diversities of opinion ex-
ist respecting ll'i(.' proper mode of dischar-
ging this obligation, but its validity is ‘not
denied. And there certainly are difficul-
ties nliich may well call fordiscussiou and
consideration. , , ‘S
For more than two centuries we have
been placed in contact with the Indians.
Arid ifthis long period lias been fruitless
in useful results, it has not been so in ex-
poriinenis, having in view their improve-
ment. Able men have been itivestigatirig
tlit_-ircntidition, and good men attempting
to improve it. H Brit all those labors have
been as unsuccessful in theissue, as many
ttftheni were laborious and expensive in
their progress. I .
The woikhas been aided by Govern-
ments antl communities, by public opinion,
by the obligations of the law, and by the
sanction of religtoir. but its history funi-
islies abundant evidence of entire failure.
and every thing around us upon the fron-
tiers confirms its truth. The Indians have
eithor receded as otir settlements rrdvarrced,
and united their fragments with some kin-
dred tribe, or they have attempted to es-
tablish themselves upon rest=.rvatious, in the
vain-»liope‘of resisting the ptr-sstirc upon
iliem, and trlipreservirzg their peculiar in-
stituiions. Those, who are nearest to us,
have generally suffered most severely by
the debasirtg effects of ardent spirits, and
by the loss of their own principles of res-
iraiiit, few as these are, without the ac-
qtiisition_ ofours ; and altiiost all of them
have disappeared, crushed by the onward
cotirsc ofeveiiis, or driven before them.-—
Not one iiistance can be pt‘-')dUCUfl it! ill‘!
whole history of the intercoiise between
the lridirrtrs and the white.-. men, where the
fornior have been able, in districts surroun-
ded by the latter, to withstand successfully
the progress ofthose causes, which have
elevzi:ed one of these races and depressed
the other. Such a monumetit of former‘
’These remarks‘ apply to the h(‘lTt,y‘lS,
wliich have been hero-iofoso made, ‘anal
whose history and failure are known to us.
But the subject has been lately revived
are actuated by pure and disinterested
And, if irt
their estimate of success, they place too
high a value upon appearaiices, the error
is natural to persons zealously engaged in
:i task calculated to enlist their synrpaihies
rind awaken their feelings, and has been
in this [aim of pllllritllliropjl, rind wire,
from time to time, have indulged in antici-
be succeeded by disappoiritment and do-
That these exertions have recently been
productive of some advantage,r:iay well be
A few have probably been re-
claimed from abandoned habits, and some,
perhaps, have really appreciated the ines-
I can speak from per-
sonal observation only of the northern and
apprehensive the beiiefits will be found»
their kindred race, I mustjudge from 5"°l‘
~r
»
- - i
faring; ‘and if he cannot ovorconie the
vils of his situation, he submits to them
without repining. He attributes ‘all the
misfortunes of his race to the white mart,
and looks with suspicion upon the offers
ofassistance that are made to him. These
traits of character, though not universal,
are yet general ; and the practical difficul-
ty they present, in changing the condition
ofsucli a pcople,.is to satisfy them of our
sincerity and the value of the aid we offer;
to hold out to them motives for exertion ;
to calfirito action some powerful feeling,
which shall counteract the tendency of
previous impressions. It is under such cir-
cumstances, arid w-ith these difliculties in
view, ilrat the Government has been called
t_ipon to (ll‘lt!l’tlilllL' what arrangements
shall be made for the permanent estab-
lisltnient of the liidians. Shall they be
advised to remain or reinove? If the for-
mer, their fate written in the annals of
their race. If‘ the latter, we may yet
llt‘Il_'C to see tlietlu renovated in cliuracier
and coiitiiliori by our example and instruc-
tion, and by their exertions.
Brit, to accomplish this, iht-y tnust be
first placed beyond the reach of ottr settle-
ments, with such checks upon their dispo-
sition to ll0Sllllllt:S as may he fotitrd neces-
sary, and with such aid, lnitfill, intellectual
and pecuniary, as may teach them the val-
ue of otir irtipovetnetits, and the reality of
our friendship. With these salutary pre-
caiitions, much should their be left to them-
selves, to follow such occupatiotis in the
forest or the field as they may choose,
without too much iiiterfererice. Time and
prosperity must be the great agents in
their rutrlioiatioii. Nor have we any rea-
son to doubt but that such a condition
would be attended with its full shire of
happiness ; nor that their exertions would
be stiiiiulatd by the security of their posi-
tion, arid by the new prospcczs before
theui. By eticouragiitg the severalty of
soil, suflicient tracts might" be assigned to
all disposed to cultivate them; and, by
timely il“Sl3lullCC, the younger class, might
be brought to S(‘t‘l( it. their farms a less
precarious subsistence than is furiiislicd by
the chace. Their pliysical comforts be-
ing incrensed, and the desire ofacquisitiou
broiight ittio at-.titin, a moral stimulus
would be felt by the youthful portion of
ilie coiiriiiunity. New wants would ap-
pear, and new means of gratifying them ;
and the great work ofiiiiprovetiieiit would
thus c--nitiictice, rind, cotiitneiicirig, would
go on.
To its aid, the truths of religion, to-
gether with a knowledge of the simpler
mechanic arts and the rudiments of science,
should then be brought; but ifour depend-‘
etice be first placed upon these, we must
fail, as all others have failed, who have
gone lit.-fore us in this field oflahor. And
we have already fallen . into this error of
adapting our r.-f1'.rrts to a state of society,
which is l‘2I‘rrb&ilJl_\' yet remote among the
Irrtlioiis, iii witlrdrawing'so many of llie
young men from their friends, and educa-
ting them at our schools. - They are there
taught variotis bi-riirclics of learniug,and,at
some oftlicse iustitutioiis, ii partial knowl-
edge ofthe iiieclianic arts, and of the prin-
ciples ofagriculttire. But after this course
of instriiction is coinpleted, what are these
young inert to do? If they remain among
the whites, tliey litid themselves the mem-
bers ofa pectilrar caste, and look aroutid
them in vain for cmployuient and encour-
agenteiit ; if they return to their country-
rricn, their acqrtisenreiiés are useless: these
are neither uiidcrstood. nor valued; and
with the exception of a few articles ofiron,
which they procure frotn the traders, the
coiiiniou work of our mechanics is use-
less to them. I repeat, what is a young
man, who li:ts been tltus educated, to do '1
He has tio means of support, no instru-
ments of agriculture, no domestic aiiitiials,
no improved farm. Taken in early life
from his own people, he is no hunter; he
cannot find in the chase the means of sup-
port or exchange; and that, under such
circumstance-s, he should abandon himself
to iiitctnperance, can scarcely excite our
surprise, however it must our regret. I
have been earnestly asked by these young
men, how they were to live; andI have
felt that a satisfactory answer was beyond
'_Owing to the prevalence of_ sla-
ti number of the half-breeds and their coit-
nexions, and perhaps a few others, have
But I believetlit:
great mass of the tribe is living in igno-
rance and poverty, subject to the iiiflueiice
of the principal men, and submitting to a
The failttre, which has attended the ef-
forts heretofore made, and which will prob-
ably attend all conducted upon SIlnllil|"plIll-
ciplus, may be attributed partly to the in-
herent difficulty of the uiidot-takiiig, re-
sulting from characteristics peculiar" to the
Indians, and partly from the mode in which
the operations have been conducted.’
Without entering into a question which
opens a wide field for inquiry, it is suffi-
cient to observe that out primitive people,
as well in their ‘habits and opinions as in-
their customs and pursuits, offer obstacles
almost insurmountable to any considerable
and immediate change. ' Indolent, in his
habits, the Indian is opposed to labor; iin-_
provident in his mode of life, he has little
foresight in providing, or care in prasorv-;
ing. Taught from infancy _to reverence
his own traditions and institutions, he is
sritisficd or their value, ririd dreads ttlie an-
ger of the _Gren'r_ Spirit, if he should de-
part front the customsof his f!lllC|'S,.' De-
voted to the use of ardent spirits, he I!-
baridons liitiisolf to. its iiidtilge_iice~ without
restrtiint. War and hunting are his only
occupiitiuns. He can endure, without
my reach. To the Government only can
the_‘,' look for relief, and if this should be
{,,m,',_=hed, though in a moderate degree,
,j,,.,y ,,,;g,',ys(fll become useful and respect-
le it odd be encourag-
able ; flit.-ii’ exdmp , , b
ing to others, and tn‘."_)' t'5"°“ld l"“" l le 95'
instructors for their brett.,"0Il- , ,
The general details of a',.‘.ltHl l°",_l“'
permanent establishment of the .-lllt-‘°‘“5
.x.
e-' fixed dcterminatioti to suppress, at all haz-l
ards, the slightest attempt at hostilities a-
mong themselves. . ' «
’ So long as a passion for war, fostered
and encouraged, as-it is, by their opinions
and habits, is allowed free scope for exer-
cise, it will prove the master spirit, con-
trolling, ifnot absorbing, all other consid-
8I'8llUns- And if in checking this evil
some examples shotild become necessary,
they would be sacrifices to liuniaiiity, and
not to severity.
4. Encouragement to the severalty of
Pr°P°l'l.Ys and such provision fortits securi-
ty, as their own regulations do not afford,
and as may be necessary to its enjoyment.
5. Assistance to all who may require it
in the opening of farms, and in procuring
domestic animals and instttiments of agri-
culture.
6. Leaving ilieni in the enjoyment of
their peculiar institutions, as fat‘ as tiiav be
compatible with their own safety and tiurs,
and with the great objects of their prosper-
ity and iniproveiiient.
T. The eventual employment of per-
sons competent to instruct them, as far and
as fast as their progress may rt-quire.
Airangetiients have been made upon
fair and equitable terms wiilt the Shaw-
nees and Seneciis of Lcwistown, with tho
Shawnecs of \Vapaglikoneita, and with the
Uttotvas of Blartcliard’s for-lt, and the Matt-
mee, all wiiliin the State of Ohio, for the
cession ofilieir reservations in that State,
and for their migration to the region as-
signed for the permanent residence ofthe
lridians. A similar arraiigeriietii was made
with the Seiiccas in the early part or’ the
year, and iliey are already upon tlieii'_jour-
ney to their new country. A deputation
from the Wyandots has gone to examine
the district offered to thetii ; and the_geiie-
ral outlines ofan at rangeinent for a cession
have been agreed upon, to be formally ex-,
ecuted, ifihe report of the exploring partv
should prove satisfactory. '_
It has been suggested that a considera-
ble portiou ofthe Cherokees in Georgia
are desirous ofavailing tliemselves of the
provisions of the treaty, May Gilt, 1828,
for their removal. With a view to ascer-
tain this fact, aid to afTt)t'd them the aid
t-lfered by that treaty, if they are inclined
to accept it, a system of operations has
been adopted, and persons appointed to
carry it iirtn effect. Sufficient time to form
ajudgment ofthe result of this measure
has not yet elapsed. -
Brit in all the efforts which rnav be made
the subject will be fully atidfairliv explain-
ed to the Indians, and they will brie left to
judge for themselves. The agents are
prohibited from the exertion of ariv im-
proper influence, btit are directed id com-
mtiiiicate to the Indians the views of the
President, and his decided convictions,
that their speedy removal can only pre-
serve them from the serious evils which
environ them- It is to be hoped, that [hey
will accept this salutary atlvice, and pro-
ceed tojoin their countrymen in the dis-
trict appropriated for their residence,
Ifihe seeds of improve-ment are sown
uniting them, as many good men assert and
believe, they will ripen into an aburidaiit
ha_rvest—-profitable to themselves in the
enjoyment, and to all the membcrsofthis
dispersed family in the example.
j}'tir'ri';;rt itittelligeitrr.
SIGN OF TIIE TIIVIES IN ENGLAND.
Proposals for the Whigs to arm tlrcmscltcs.
The London Titties of Oct. 26.h says:
“ At the risk of being charged with rep-
etition, we iriust iiictilcate upon the peo-
ple of this country the urgent and _eveii
solemn duty offorniingthernselves into po-
litical societies throughout the whole-realm,
and watching over the progress of the re-
form question—-the advancement it makes
in Parliament, the checks, if airy, that it
may encounter—the circuinstauces of-all
descriptions which may directly or -indi-
rectly operate upon the success of it, and
especially the course of policy pursued by
its opponents, until the new bill for the re-
forin of Parliament shall have become the
law ofthe land.” ,
‘These bodies should be voluntary as-
sociations, formetl on the principle of a
niilitary lzierarc/r_r/V,’ whom we should call
‘ Conservative Guards.’ ‘They should
be drilled and taughtthe use of a firelock,
that they may assist the autliorities in re-
pressing popular commotion.’
Propasalsfar ‘flu: Tory Partyvto arm themselves.
In the London niorning-Post of Oct. 21,
we fitid the following article :-
A meeting takes place today at the
west of the Mississippi, and for their p_rt.‘,'l'
per security, would require itiuch deliber-
atioii; but there are some fundaineiital prin-
ciples, obviously arising otit of the nature
ofthe subject, which, when once adopted,
would coristiiute the best foundation for
our exertions, andthe hopes oftheliidians.
1. A solemn declaration, similar to that
already inserted in some of the treaties,
that the country assigned to the In_diaus
shall be theirs as.loag..aS the)’ 0|’ lll‘~’"' d9‘
scendants may occupy 7?: alld 3 °°"’°5'
ponding deterniinatioti that our settlements
shall not spread over it; and eyery effort
shall be used to satisfy the Indians ofour
sincerity and of their ‘security. Without
this indispensable preliminary, pod Wilh-
outgfull confidence on their part i.n our in-
tentions, and in our abilities to give. these
effect, their change of position would bring
no change of circumstances. _
2. ‘A determinationto exclude all ardent
spirits from their new country. This will
no doubt be difiicult ; but a system of sur-
vcilance upon the borders, and of proper
police and penalties, will do much towards
the extermination of an evil, which, where
it exists to any considerable extent, is e-
quiilly destructive of their present,comf'oi-t
and their future liappiuess.
Crown and Anchor, at which the fearful
Projecg of organizing. the lower orders of
the people in arnied iiSSOCltlil0n8 is to be
proposed for adoption. I'he object in
View has already t';..:ert announced with
sufficient candor by the lei’-tdirig Radical
Journals, according to which, t'.'D€<‘l 3550-
ciations are necessary,_ in order not only
that property may be protected from the‘
violence of the mob, btrt that those who
oppose themselves to the rights of the peo-
ple, may not go unpunislied. In other
words, it is proposed to shoot or sabre all
who venture to take part against the Re-
form bill. Awful is the responsibility of
those in whom originate -such counsels,
and of ministers who, in their desperation,
have sown seeds ofdisseiition, the hour of
whose ripening, we tremble to believe,
must come. For there is still a party, a
numerous and irndaunted party, to. whom
the institutions of their country are dear,
and who will not. shrink from defending
them. Their course is certain. When
we hear the heads of our church calumni-
ated, vilified and insulted, because like
men of honor,.they were noble minded e-
nough to dotheir duty—wlien we see the
Bishop of London prevented by a set_ of
3.. The employment of no adequate
coiiiplaiiiing, the extremity of human suf-
forcc in' their iiiimeditite vicinity, and a
miscreants [for no better character do men
deserve who make the house of God an
r ’ ‘L l
arena forfpolltical strife] from --prencliing
ilie very Gospel which we clierislrand
profess-wlien we behold the hero of our’
country, the uticonquered warrior, the ex-
alted statesinaii, scoffed at by the crown,
denounced by the democracy, and insult,
ed by tliousatids for whose welfare he has.
so often fought and conquer,,d__,,hen we
hear the most sacred institutions of our
country threatened with destru
.he aristocracy ivhrch has fa, ages proved
the bt'SI defence of British honor and of
I.il'l[lsll glory, stiginaiized as tyi~amii¢;,|and
designated as unworthy to niaintaiii its-
privileges—rvheii we behold all that is evil"
and theoretical promulgated, all that is .
good and cstalilislied despised, and above».
all, when we hear the organs ofihri minig.
try urging the supporters of that n,i,,i5uy"
to resort the ai'_ms against their o,,,_,on,,ms_
—-then do we feel it our duty to respond to- i, ‘
the cry, aol address the . ' ‘
land in it si til‘-etraiiy t
into associations! Frame tli moo a prin-.'-
cipie ofinilitary hierarchy, capable of re-_
sorting in arms in case of attacks by tu-
rnultuous mobs on persoriéi, habitations'or.-
g“°‘l-“a but not appearing or action as airma-
ed bodies until S€lf-pleSCl'Vfl!l0lI’, or: the-,
[)|‘0l¢3Clit)ll‘Oi-'nelglib0l‘S, shall ieq,tiiro—it.. '
Sllcllr '1 orics of England, is our advice-‘
l° 3'0”; 3" S_l1ttuld you act,ihe very. moment:
W" lleill” ‘ll 0"? association or oneipolitic-'
t1l'tlnltrll adoptrtig the proposed, mgasm-c5_
Tm” llle Clllmill (tf Eriglarttl- cannot be 0-.-
vertlirotnt, nor itsjust EI\gIbiS- tminpled.up-
on, without s|it:ddiiig of blood iscerraiiv‘;
that the aristoci-.ac_)r of Eiiglirnd cannot .1”,
deprived of their. gegal. privilrigeg, n,,,. “M
House of Peers of its legislative authority’
without shedding l>lt-)od.is gergaln . um, ,j,‘,f
Tor s" fEi-ll. d~- '-" " '
3' PW" 0 lg Tn , a sport which is.
cver closed to the nronarch’s throne f,,lil,-
ful to the real interests- of the coimtry,
staunch to the €lltHCl),_an(I2 firmly attached
l0_ llle fl|'|,Sl.0cracy, cannot be conquered
without the shedding blood is certain_._
Dare the Goyerimientt risk it 2' will [I33
H-‘I‘0l‘n)(!!S. irisist itpoh. iii!‘ If they do,whic_lz
God for hid, it will be found that thereare
."'~‘l..e¥'en yet, thousands ofstrrut hearts and
llllfIlD€l1l.lJg arms in England. ,_-e,,d)._,o he -
uplifted In defence oftl-rat elmrcli and that ,
aristocracy ; and that there are tliosewho
would rather die with the loss ofour natien- »
al honor and of alltihey value, tlian live to
ft-rrfeit those sacred rights which they inher-
it from their fathers, and which thev feel‘
bound by every tie to bequeath uiisullied
to their children. Hear us,my Lord Grey 3
llei" "5. my Lord Brougham ! for we know
that we speak the sentirrienls of millions‘.
Loss of lives is Bristol. ‘
The London . Times of November 2,
speaking ofthe riots in Bristol, says:
“ Bettveen 400 anti 500 ofthe rioters are
calculated (tliuugli on no certain data) to
-have been cut down by the; mili(a[yt_gr to
have otherwise perished.‘ Many. of rho
ryuioguidcvi populace owe their melariclr-:tl S
late to the state of intoxication iritrrtvhicl i
they had thrown themselves by robbing the
collars ofthe iiiaiisiori-house, and plunder-
ing spirit shops. A considerable number i
oftltem suffered thejost retribution oftheir
crlmlfis by being burnt in the fires. which
they themselves had kindled, or buried in’ -~
the ruins of the buildings which they had
pulled down. ‘tr
Riot at J_V'otlingiham.,
The news of the defeat of the Reform Bill
was rec'd. at Ncttirigliam on Sunday morning-
—on Monday morning the Mayor called 3
meeting of the irihabitants+—tliey hssembled in ,-«
an open area in the centre of the town. In a. '
letter to the editor of the Conn.0bserver, the
Rev. Asahel Nettle-ton savs- '
" I stood, with a brother minister, on th ‘ll
top of a piazza where I had it full view
the assenibly. It was atdetise forest .11:
heads, crowded as close together as they‘ ‘
cnuldipossibly stand. They waved in !
mass like a field ofstantling corn when the
triad passes over it. Fifteen thousand
men crowded into one solid body occasion.
ally sending up a. simultaneous shout, pm.
tluced in my own mind asoleinn and fright-
ful emotivrn. '_ t '
In. the evening I attended a prayer
mceting which I had pretiously appointed,
On our return we saw t'he,peopl'e running
to the Castle front every direction, “IN”
cry of fire- no alarm had been given, and
yet ihe.wl:ule town was illuminated by the
ascending flame. Nottingham Castle is
the.property of the Duite of Newcastle, an
anti-reformer in the House of Lords. It
stands on an eminence, and is 216 feet by
90.. The night was dark and rainy. We
stood in the upper loft of a higlrrn-insion“
about a quarter of a mile distant ‘and saw
the whole extent ofthe Castle all in a blaze.
A number of religious meetings, and anni-
versaries of different denominations’ had
been appointed for the week, but all were
omitted, and business suspended. if
The minds of most in this country are
too much agitated with the afliiirs of this
world to attend in earnest to the world to
come. Many who have.not~much to bind
ilieni to this country are moving to Ame;--
ice. A minister from a neighboring town
has just left his congregation -ancb starts
with his family next week-intending to
spend his days in America. His congre-
gation was originally small, and yet he in-
forms me that duringa yearand a half
past, 70 of them had removed to America.
Riot: in London. ' N
The Correspondent of the N. Y. Observe‘ -3 r
writes under date of Oct. ll-" The Lord .
and Bishops opposed to Reform are getting -_ i’
be quite uncomfortable in London. The Duk ,7‘
of Wellington was yesterday insulted by the
rabble on his wayto the House of Lords.”-— Y» t
In a P. S. of Oct.‘ I4, the same writer states :
N Wednesday the |2th, was is day of tumult in
London. The Duke of Cumberland and Lord
Lcirdonderry were assaulted by the inch...
The Duke of Wellington's Housewas attack-.
ed in the evening, and ‘thevvindovvs demolish-
ad. Most of the Lords, who voted against tlio;_
bill. and who liaveliousesin town, have taken’
ction, and
the precaution to take out the’ windows, ant!‘
fill them up with plank. .. ~
l
Norwalk Chronicler