Norwalk Gazette, Tuesday, February 15, 1831 · page 2

 

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' been unwilling to encounter difficulties he

gality of which lliey themselves acknowl-

the legitimate resistance of the citizens;
f’ Considering these acts constittite the
‘crime of treason, provided against by the
//‘Declares le prince Polignac, "l_e Comte

,le Comte de Guernon Ranville, guilty of

._ to be" for ‘life;

n

__ FOREIGN NEVVS.
nienn IMPORTANT Fnom-EUROPE’.

Ily arrivals at NewYork on the 8th inst. London‘?

papers to the 3d Jan. were received.’

Troubles in France :-- Conviction and Sentencing

of the E1-Ministers ;—TIire¢iteiicd Counter Revalu-
tioir;-=R,csignati'on of Lafayette ;-Changcs in
the French Ministry ;—Jndcpmdcnce ofBeIgium;—-
Mord: of the Russians upon Poland ;-- ’I‘r0ubIcs in
England and Ireland. -'

The French governuient has passed through
an hour of great anl em?iient peril, which is
to be hoped, Will not return. The trial of the
Ex-Ministers was concluded on the 21st of
December, and the prisoners have all been
sentenced to be stripped of their titles and
honors, and toperpetual irnprisonment. The
Parisian mob, however, thirstcd for the blood
of the unfortunate men, and had it not been
for great. loyalty and firmness on the part of
the~Nat.iotinl Guards, and great energy and
wisdom,in_the government, they would have
been successful, and another revolution would
have followed. \Ve have given below letters
from [’o.ri3, written during the days of thifi
most fearful excitement. The removal ofthe
Ex-Ministers back from the place oftrial, to
their old quarters, was a bold stroke, ex-
ceedingly well devised and executed. It was
a measure from which Lafayette sliruirh ; but
the Minister was inflexible in his purpose, and
was successful. This measure. alone proba-
bly saved the country. _

Gen.,Lafay.e_t_te resigned his place in the
Cabinet of tlie_'Kiiig of the French, on the
30th Dec. His speech in the Chamber of
Deputies, on that occasion, ‘we publish.-
Mons. Dupont do l’Eure, the minister of
war, also resigned his place ; and M.Odil-
lon Barrett offered his, but it was not ac-
cepted by the King. A London paper, in
runiarkiiig on the niinisterial explanations
which were given on the subject, show
that misgivings existed in Paris, as well as
at Brussels, since the recognition of Belgi-
um, that English influence is to be estab-
blished-there, and Prince Leopold placed
upon the throne. This, however, is only
to be inferred, with much uncertainty. The
cause it is difficult to conjecture with con-
fidence; but, it is evident that it must be a
powerful one. The reason for resignation
assigned by Dupont dc l’Eui'e was. that iii-
siiiuations had been made in the Chamber
that Lafayette, himself,and Odillon Bur-
riitt,-liad excited the recent popular tumults,
to intimidate the King into measures in la-
vor ofa few individuals, and then had tran-
quilized them; but that they were above
suspicion. He stated that he had always

had found in the niinistry, but the" King
would not consent to his resignation ; now,
since the disturbances had been calmed, he
thought it a favorable time to lay down _a
burthen too heavy for him to bear. He
hoped to proceed harmoniously with his
old colleagues in the Chamber.
Sentence of the French Ex-Ministers

Precisely at ten o’clock, the public sit-
ting‘ of, the Court of Peers was resuni-
cd. The . President and Peers occu-
pied their" usual seats. The Commis-
sioners ofthe Chamber of Deputies were
also in the places allotted to them. The
accused were absent, but, their counsel
were all in Court. Bot very few persons
were in the tribuncs. The President in a
voice of deep emotion pronounced the fol-
lowing sentence :-

'l‘lieCourt ofPeers, after deliberation, in
pursuance of the resolution of the Cham-
ber of Deputies, having heard the Com-
missioners ofthat Chamber for the accusa-
tion, and the accused in_ their defence;

Considering that by the ordinances of
the 25th of July, the Constitutional Char-
ter of 1814, the Elec‘oral laws, and those
securing the liberty ofthe prcss,were mari-
ifestly violated, and that the Royal P mvoif‘
thereby usurped the functions of the Le-
gislature ;

' Considering that, although the individu-

al will_ of Charles X. may have lllIIUellCe(I\PiIl:tCB of the Luxumbourg; on his way

the determination of the accused, that cir-
cumstance cannot relieve them from their
legal ‘responsibility ;

' Considering that it appears from the pro-
eecdingstlia: AugusteJules Armand Maile,
‘Princode Polignac, as Minister ofForeign
-~Affair,s, Miiiister of War ad interim, and
President 'of the Council of Ministers;
Pierre. Denis, Compie dc Peyroiinet, as
_Mi_n_ister of the Interior; Jean Claude
Baltliazar Victor Chantelauze, as Garde
zdes Sceaux and Minister of Justice ; and
-"Martial ComteAnnibal Perpmue M.-igloire,
"Comte de Guernon R-anville, as Minister
'_of Public Instruction and Eclesiastical Af--
Iairs all i'e'spon-ibl_e in the terms ofthe13th
Art..of .tlie'Charter of 1814, countersigned
the Ordinanccs of the 25.h July, the ille-

edge; that they took every means to on-
force the execution oftliem ; and that they
advised the King to declare the city in a
state of siege, in order to subdue by arms

56th Article of the Charter of 1815 ;
de Peyronnct, Victor Cliaiiteladze, and

the ci°i_me oftreason ;

Considering that no law has determined
the punishment of treason, and that the
Court is, therefore under the necessity of
supplying the deficiency ;. - '

Accordirig to the 7th Article of the Penal
Code, which classes transportation (1) a-
mong the punishments stigmatizing with
iiifaniy.peinc:«afliclive ct iiifanioiitcs ; .

According to the 17th Article of the
stfttla Codegtyhicli-declares transportation

ffAccor_di'pg‘_t_o‘ rite‘ 18,tl_i.Article-, ttliicli

J of civil death;

gt 9 o’clock, 12,000 of the National

moving down to the river. Ball cartridge

,ntiem;.t.; said they rvcre.quite safe in an

Cirile, wliich regulates‘ the consequences

Considering that there isinot any ‘place,
out of the continental dominious ofFr'ance,
to which criminals sentenced to transpor-
tation can be taken and detained ;

Condemns le Prince de Poligriac to be
imprisoned for life in the continental do-
miriions oftlic kingdoni; declares him de-
prived‘ of his titles, rank and orders; de-
clares him civilly dead; all other conse-
quericesyeinaining in foi'ce,as regulated by
the facts before mentioned.

Considering the facts ofthe case apeai'-
ing from the proceedings ; _

Condemns lo Counte dc Peyronnet,Vic-
tor Chantelauze, and lo Compte de Guer-
rioii Ranville, to iniprisonment for life;
directs them to be placed in a state of in-
terdiction, conformably to the 28th &. 29th
articles of the Penal Code, declares them
equally deprived oftheir titles, rank and
orders.

Conileirns all the accused, individually
and collectively, to pay the expenses ofthe
proceedings. '

Orders the present sentence to be coin-
municated by message to the Chamber of
Deputies.

Orders, tlrzrt it shall be printed and post-
ed np in Paris and every other commune
of the kingdom, _at-.d transmitted to the
Guide des Sceaux, Minister nfJusrice. tor
the purpose of being carried into execution.

Proin the London Times of Dec. 28.
STATE 01-‘ PARIS.——Tlie following is
from the Correspondent of the Times:
B-iforel resume my narrative ofthe state
of this city last night, after I despatched
my express to you, I wish to apprize you
that the information which I have just re-
ccivud of the state of the capital this day
IS calculated to awaken the utmost alarm.
Business is at a stand ; credit is annihila-
ted ; the functionaries are without money;
ilie Gov't without moral strength. The
people whom you meet speak with distrust
and suspicion, and now, for the first time,
[bear with horror and dismay, that the
mass ofthe working classes-the men whom
you hear were, in theiryustly glorious days
of July, so nobly inspired with the princi-
ples of honor, glory and law—must now
be permitted to assassinate prisoners while
on their trial, or, at least, when a mitigated
verdict shall have been pronounced. ‘Ix-.a_g,*..
As the night advanced, apout eight 
clock I thouglu I observed a great cliarigh‘
both in the character and temper of this
crowd; it had at that time_ rec_eiv;eil-fian
inimeiise accession of strength fromtlie
Fauxbourg St. Antione, and I think all the
workmen in Paris must have concentrated
their strengtlr in the quarter ofLuxunibourg.
Still in every quarter the N. Guard gently
bore upon them; the cry ofthe people
then became general. "Citizen soldiers
take off your bayonets, you are ourselves
-—we will act together.” The officers re-
plied, “Yes, we are all the public--we are
your fellow citizens; 90!’ b3)’°"°l’ “ll
do you no harm; but soldiers can l.“.“’"
take them off.” i The cries then became‘
terrific of“Death to Pollgnac," “Death to
Pyronnet.” The names ofthe other min-
isters were not even mentioned. These
inovcments occupied the neighborhood
from six, until eleven o'clock. The shops
were speedily shut, the National Guards
every where reinforced, and the bulk of
the people divided, and sentaway quietly.
In some of the inner forts,'however,
several of the National Guards were dis-
armed; but the few guns which were so
taken were speedily recovered by the pa-
trols who came to the relief of the seri-
tinels. The great elite of this crowd was
composed of young men about 18 or 20
years of age, and wearing workingjackets
and glotli caps.

uards were in actual duty around the
Luxumbourg, regiments of the line were
formed in the Louvre and Palais Royal,
and the gates closed against the public.—
General Lafayete repaired instantly to the

he was assailed by offeiisive epithets, but
the great bulk of the Ipectators preserved
that respect which is due to his age and
character. He demanded a bed in the
prison of the unhappy Ministers. and said
he should not quit that domicile until the
sanctuary of the law was assured. The
king is in a statoof great consternation.
Among his Ministers, Marshal Soult alone
has energy. Lafitte is a vain man do it talk-
er, but affected, us must necessarily be, his
commercial position by the deplorable con-
dition of the times, he has no strength out
of doors.

This morning all the military posts were
strengthened. The shops were all shut ; no
person was perriiitted to pass up the streets
and regiments in patrol were incessantly

is every where given to the troops; and
I think it quite impossible that, if they
maintain their present temper and firmness,’
any mob can make a successful act of ag-
gression against the authorities.

II-.ilf past Four o'clock.-—-P. S. I have
again passed through the crowds 6:. guards
at the Luxembourg. The Peers are delib-
crating with closed doors upon their ver-
dict. No body’ expects it capital convic-
tion who has talked of the case of the
prisoner with any of the judges.

During Wednesday, crowds were con-
gregating and shouting, and receiving re.
cruits from the Fauxbougs St.':'Antoine and
St. Marceau. This news Ila:-Vlllg reach.
ed head quarters, Count Moiitaliuet, the
minister of the interior, immediately re-
paired‘ to Lafayett'e,? who was with his
staff,iii the gardens of the Luxumbourg,
to consult upon the immediate removal of
the prisoners to their old quarters at Vin-
cennes. Lafayette at onceobjected to the

encampinerit of. 200,000 Nati«nial_Gnards,

l
l
4.’
I
l

all ev‘cn‘ts,"'tt'oulil not ur.dert'iilie:' theirs-‘
ponsibility oftlreir-removal. no Gcl 2"

exclaimed the old General ; " what wbld

be our feeelings, ifa shot from any niisi'e-

ant took effect upon one ofthese prisolrrs;

or if oneoftlic National Guards failel in

his duty through terror of a crowd.” ‘lie

other officers ofthe staffsaid they sa no

danger, provided they had the prisiners

once inclosed in a small cajfiy escort,and

tlrattlie National Guar m’ei'e passive.-—

Montalivet then at _,-‘cided ontheir

removal, declaring that; us” minister if the

interior, he was willing to take the reipon-

sibility upon himself; and he iii.-it.'tritl_i sent

by express to Gen. Dauinesiiil to beieady

forthwith for the reception ofhis old guests,

and to have all the lamps in the [iasstgcs

ofthe castle lighted. Count ltlontallvei

instantly ordered his own cileche, wiicli

was in attendance, to be led round tdthe

small new door, so well fortified with iiou

bars; and Col. Fabvier was at the same

time despatclied wish a small escort ofcav.
alry, to be readyto receive the caleche at
the beginning of the next street, leading to
the Boulevards. Col. Fosthamel went at
once to the prisoners, who had just partao.
ken of some refreshnients in their dining
room ; he simply mentioned to Prince Po-
lignacland Count Pcyronnei,that they and
their colleagues wsre to accompany him at
once; but they had no time for tzikiiigw-L
way their papers, or a change of dress;
they walked slowly, and with evident sur-
prise, through the small apartments and
narrow winding passages of‘ their prison,
till they reached the small outer door,whero
the calachee, with a pair of horses,w:is rea-
dy : a small vehicle, and only with incon-
venience calculated to accomodate four
persons. The lcathern cover was quickly
drawn, and in such a hurry, that nearly all
the glasses which were fixed in it
were broken. Col. Festhaunel handed
them into the carriage, while the stafi‘oi‘li--
cers, with Count Montaiivet, mounted the
cavalry horses ready'saddled for service on
the spot, and set out on an easy pace tliro’
the lines of National Guardswlio saw the
prisoners as they passed, but did not know
what to comprehend ofthis mo\'ement.——
Several infantry and caval.'y soldiers asl.-,
ed the staff officers, who rode at the side of
the vehicle, what this procession uieaiit;
and Col. Fabvier's escort whiclijoined at
its ‘proper station was equally interrogated.
"The movement was executed as soon as it
was made,and in 15 minutes after their de-
parture from the Petit Luxembourg, the
prisoners were lodged in their old apart-
ments in the, CastloVinccnnes, not liaving,
during the way uttered one syllable, and
being apparently astounded at the occur-
rence. Polignac wss particularly dejected ;
perhaps he remembered the terrific exam-
ple of the murder ofthe Duke d’Eng'riein
in the fossee of his prison; and, with the
knowledge that ‘r! capital sentence for liigli
treason here is c’xec_i_it_ed forthwith, he dis}-
liked (as well lieniight) the oniinous‘pr'o».;-.-
imity of his dungeon to the sim le.ar;»"fl:§
feeling gray/e of his former Bour on fi end.
The mdmaiif that the prisoners were lodg-

1d in llltélr place or stréngflt W} sat;-tr.
l£lllg,|

Gen. Dutorre went express to ins‘
who was pleased at hearing the prompt
manner in which the removal was effected.
At 10 o’clock, however, the sentence was
read to the prisoners by a hussier of the
Court of Peers. They received it with
perfect calmness" and resignation. '
MM. Cauchy and Sanjou, comniissioired
to read the verdict of the Court of Peers
to the four ex-ministers, went tuVinccnnes
on Wednesday morning, the 22d, at G '0‘-
clock. Having arrived at the Castle,they
were obliged,in order to obtain admittance,
to convey a letter to the governor, wliich
they attached to the chain of the draw-
bridge employed for that purpose. The
bridge was immediately lowered, and they
were conducted to the dungeon by General
Daumesnill, who alone has posscssion_ o
the key ofthe gates. The four ex-minis-
tei‘s,and even the governor himself, were
entirely ignorant ofthe result of the trial,
forthe bridge had been raised the previbns'
evening, immediately on the entry, of the
prisoners, and no person whatever had
from that moment been admitted intotlie
Castle. MM. Cauchy and Sanjnu were
first introducedintoa large anti-chamber,
communicating with the apartments of the
ex-ministers, who were still in bed. MM.
do Chantelauze and De Guernon Ranville
were quickly dressed and in atte_ndii'nce;
in '!‘:'::!f an hour Peyronnet appeared, and
theilireo then proceeded t9 the chaflllwr

that, being extremely unwell, he was de-
sirous ofremainiiig in, bed. In the room,
therefore, M.Cauchy, greffier, read to thlem
the decree of the Court. Such had been
their blindness, such their confidence, that
they all evinced -great surprise and disap-
pointment; though there appeared a re-
markable contrast between the firmness
and resignation displayed by MM. Chan-
thelauze and Guernon Ranville and .-the
deep, affliction 85 liurriiliation of Pcyronnet
and Polignac. The latterespccially heard
with the utmost consternation that part of
the decree which says that civil death is
involved in the sentence oftriinsportatiirn.
During the Reading of the verdict the four
prisoners kept silence. One sentence was
only uttered afterwards, and that: was ad-
dressed by Chaiiteliiuze to Guemiin Ran-
villo: “Well, my friend,” said be, “we
shall have plenty of leisure to playptchess."

The Ex-ministers have been ransport-
ed to the fortress of Harm. , l, -

[Tire votes upon the sentence of :lielEx-Minis-
ters was as follows :—There were 156iotes., M,
de Poligniic—128 votes for traiisportinon, 24 for
perpetunl imprisonment, and 4 for orbital punish.
ment. M. de l‘eyronnet—8‘Z_ for irripiisonmeng for
life, 68 for transportation. , , de.(}iiantelauze—

I38 votes for imprisornnout for life, - 4 my [fans
portation, and 4 l0l’_ll[lpl'l30l1lIlcn!, (‘op . iimé, M,

declares .t._li_at triiusportation involves civil
deatli, and-tlie"2’;'itlr Article of the Code

besides a large riihsididry force. He, at

of Prince Polignac, who had lrtl'iiii.."'ri"

rité*.sici.\:A’i ion‘ or LAFAYETTE.
The sitting ofthe Chamber of Deputies
on the 27th wasiiunierously attendedliri
consequence ofthe extraordinary degfee
of iiiter-est excited by the recent occurren-
ccs. The Chamber were proceeding to
the discussion ofthe law relative to the Na-
tional Guard, when General Lafayette eti-
'ei'ed,and was received with universal ap-
plause, upwards of one hundred members
going up to him and shaking him by his
li:-ind. The General then went to the
President, and, af er a short conversation
with liini,. addressed the Chamber as fol-
lows: —

“‘ In a ‘neighboring nation it is the cus-
tom when a eiti'1.enrctires from a distin-
guished office, for lnm to come before his
fellow-citizens, and explain the cause, and
I am sure the Clumbcr will grant me the
same favor. I always have considered that
the post of Commander-in-Chit-f of the
National Guards of France was incompat-
ible wiih a constitutional monarchy, except
under circumstances of the most absolute
necessity. It was this conviction that led
me in 1790, when 6,000,000 of Na!l0Dfll
Guards wished to elect me their conimarid -
er, at the Federation by 14,000 Deputies,
.to apply to the Constituent Assembly, and
.iirgIr3'=tlieni to issue a decree, in opposition
to this desire. Such still was my opinion
-when the Lieutenant General of the King-
dorn,who has since become our King,wish-
ed me to accept the same appointment, and
I felt myself bound to accept it,but always
retaining the intention of laying it down,
as soon as I was satisfiedtliat it was‘ no

ifpcace remained unbroken, but at a later
period had war ensued. Tire declared o-
pinion of the clianiber has hastened the
period, and out of respect for it I have not
waited till the law \vas submitted to the
other branches ofthe state. It is merely
a matter of date; but I should be deeply
hurt ifany one imagiiied—aud no one who
has been acquainted with me during the
last fifty-four years of my life, can believe
—that in_v conduct has been dictated by
any personal feeling. I will go further and
say, that this opinion of the Chamber has
afforded me an opportunity. The high
authority with which I was invested has
given umbrage which you, gentlemen, must
have heard of; and this umbrage has even
been felt in certain diplomatic circles.——
The cause is now at an end, and I have
no other honour than that of being one of
your colleagues. One word more, gen-
tlemen, I should not have given in my re-
signation, which the King has accepted
with all that goodness he has cver shown
towards me, before the crisis we have now
happily got over,‘was at an end. At this
time my conscientious love ofpublic order
is sati~fied, but I cannot say the same of
my c ncicnticu.love ofliberty. \Ve must
all recollect the programme announced at
the Hotel de Ville-2-—-a popular throne, sup-
ported byrepublican institutions. It was
accepted, but we have not all put the same
construction npoii it; it has not always
been interpreted by the councils of the
King, in the snare sense iii which it was
.,,,,,',;.;-33--nd by iii_c,wlioam moieinrpaticnt
tliun others that ii .'.ll"”ld P3 reiil-"fed; 
whatever may have been my personal ii.-'
dependence in all situations, I feel myself
at the present moment iuoic at my ease in
discussing my opinions with you. For the
rest, there are points upon which we
shallalways be ' in 'accord—we shall ever
be united against our enemies, whether at
home or from aboard.‘ ‘ I still think, that in
tho merrsuices taken in the revolution of
July, we not onlr did that which we veri-
ly believed was for. the best, but that we
did all that was possible to be done. I
am the more convinced ofthis,since I have
become intimately acqiiained with the per-
sonage we have placed on tliethione. On
throwing offniy uniform, I have not cliaii-
ged my motto, “ Liberty, public Order."
Besides, how many legal means we have
of expressing our thoughts, and of making
our wishes known; for us there is the
Tribune of this ClI:l_llll]el'. and for every
citizen there is the Press, which has ren-
dered the cuuntry so many services ; and
then time. is the peaceable mode of peti-
tions. Having thus yielded to my desire
oflaying all my sentiments before you, I
trust Ishall ever and still retain your es-
teem and friendship.

The King made the following communica-
tion to the National Guards, upon the resig-
nation of their Commander in Chief :

"_I_l_r=_ive National Guards-—You will par-

,,,ke_,,f my _-'5-wret in learning that Gener-

al Lafayeite has gIVOi: -_I his resignation.
I flattered myselfthat Islidtild have seen
him longer at your head, and animating
your zeal by his example, and by the great
services he has rendered the cause of fiber-
ty. _ I feel his resignation the more as he
has but a short time to live; This brave
General took a glorious part to maintain
order in the late agitation. I find another
‘consolation in naming Count Lobau Com-
mandant-General of the National Guards
ofI’aris. Hejoined and partook in your
dangers and in your glory"'oii the memora-
ble days of July ; his brilliant military
qualities and his patriotism rendered him
worthy to command this citizen Militia, by
which I am proud to be surrounded; and
have given me newpledges of their confi-
dence and affection. LEWIS l’nii.iri>s.
Paris, Dec. 29.

Themotives which led to the resignation
of Lafayette, are thus stated in one of the pri-

ers :-

Thé Ctiamber of Deputies, apparently
alarmed for reform, passed a vote enacting
that the National Guards should not be
permitted to choose their own General.
The consequence of this vote would
have been the removal of La Fayette ;
but this ungrateful, unpopular," and peri-
lous step was to have been obviated ‘by a

Gm.-ri_ioii do Rnnville-110 vnlesforii prisonmnnt
for lilo. and 16 for ti-ansportatlon..]'

(llM‘C,I’8ppOll'IItDOHI from the lfiing.-' To

longer necessary for me to retain it, earlier

,.

and the invitation wiis accepted.
Lafayette declared that he appeared not
as an unconcerned individual, but as a. ne-
gotiator; and in reply to the King’: cair-
iicst entreaty that he would re-accept the
command in chief of the Guards from his
hands, said that he could never do so, with-
out an infusion of popular strengtli into
his Majesty’s present Councils, and the in-
troduciion of such an electoral law as
would satisfy the people, and give solidi y
to the institutions ofthe revoliitioii-

On Friday evening, Dec. 2-4.h, a reso-
lution was passed by the Chamber of De-
puties, declaring the office held by Gen.
Lafayette, as conunander-in-chief of the
National Guai'ds,uniiecessary.

Paris, Sunday, Dec. 26.

The necessary consequence of ilie vote
in the Chamber of Deputies last Friday
evening, upon the new organization of the
National Guards, was the removal of Gen-.
eral Lafayette from the command of that
body, with, limvever, the perfect under-
standing, that he was to be forthwih re-
appointed by the King. The General and
his friends, however, took fire, and deter-
mined not to submit to this piece of coque-
iry; and yesterday after a consultation
with his friends, the venerable patriot re-
signed lris commission into the hands of the
King, in a letter, in which he declared
that, in resuming his station as a simple
soldier of the revolution, he was determin-
ed by all the inéans still at his disposal to
support the throne and the principles
which had grown out ofthe events'ofJuly.
It was always understood, before the vote
ofFi'iday, that Lafayette’s appoiutmc-nt
was for life, but that the office would die
with him. This splendid mark of public
confidence cotild only have been jusiifier
by the patriot’s long tried virtues and puri-
ty of heart. ,

 

The London Times of the 4th January
in comment on the [proposed] electoral
law, says,——France will now have 200,000
electors, and about 24,000 persons eligible
to a seat in the Representative Chamber.
The mixture of electoral qualifications de-
pending’ upon fortune, with others depen-
ing on-‘profession, science, or social posi-
iion,_introduces into an electoral college
the ,-variety wliicli is observed in corri-
mon life, and secures as many of the re-
quisites for making a sound and judicious
choice as can well be conceived. A mem-
ber ofthe institute, a doctor in medicine,
a barrister at-law, a member ofthe council
general ofa department,or the mayor ofa
town, is likely to be as capable of forming
a sound opinion on the talents and princi-
ples ofa camlidate, though he may not
possess a fractionof real property, as his
next-door neighbour, who taxes to the a-
mount of 101 or 121 a year for landed
possessions. This electoral system of
France at the present moment is too uni-
formly based on property, and the propo-
sed change must be hailed as an ameliora-
tion. _ _

BELGIUM.——--Brussels dates are‘ to
DOC. ilSt,ltlclusiv'e. The National Con-
g;'gss has decfglszl for two Legisplative
Chambers by a majo:'.'2_}’ Oflgl? lo 64-

Ai the sitting of the National Congress
at Brussels, on the 27th ult. M. Van de
Weyer delivered the report ofthe mission
to Paris, by which it appears that the in-
dependence of Belgium is recognized; by
the five great European Powers, although
the precise terms upon which this recogni-
tion is granted are not stated 2

The report concludes thus; “ I need
not add, that the free navigation of the
Slieldt is no longer a question ; for the
Five Great Powers are agreed in this res-
pect. ' Concerning -the execution‘ of" the
conditions of the Armistice by Holland,
the Congress and the country may be cer-
tain that the Powers will act according to
the principles of honor and dignity. The
merchants and manufacturers may make
themselves easy ; the ‘liberality which
predominates in the political negotiations
will animate with the same spirit the coni-
mercial relations between the two coun-
tries. In short, gentlemen, it is now four
months since Belgium commenced its glo-
rious revolution; aiid after so short aspace
oftime, it sees itself, in consequence of
the adherence ofthe provisional govern-
ment to the protocol of the 17th of No-

- vember, received into the great European

family as an independent power. Such a
result needs no comment. '

The Dutch had made two sorties from
Marstricht, and there was some blood shed
on each occasion in the neighborhood o
that city.

SWITZERLAND.--The Morning
Chronicle of Tuesday gives an interesting
summary of what has been doing in the
way of revolution in the Swiss'C.antoiis.—-
The first movements was in Friburgli,
where a petition was presented from the
town of Moral for a change ofthe consti-
tution, and meeting with ratlier cool re-
ception from the great council, the people
assembled to the number of 3000, audio
despite ofa show ofarmed resistance made
by that body compelled it to yield. The
example has been followed in Zurich, St.
Gall, Soleurc, Scliaffliausen,Arun, Lucern,
Thurgan, and Borne; so that in one half
of the cantons the popular feeling has been
successfully roused into ‘action; and we
may calculate with safety upon its extend-
ing over the whole. Nothiiig buta prom-
ise indeed seems yctto have been obtain-
ed ; hrit we cannot doubt that the "i'e_for,m
will follow, for after _the people liave:-'felt
their strength as I they have done, it ,will
uotbe possible to_trifle =Wl‘ill theui. “In his
treatment of lforeign * states, Napolr.-o_n’s
cliara'cter scarcfely” t|p[)l.‘€l_l:SV .any tvlicrc‘ to
so much advantage as in Switzerland. ‘He

g-—-:-

o’nsro.a‘che‘d mucli less on her independence

 

‘ rliis‘, lion-ever. the patriotic General would than on‘ that of many other countries, and‘
not submit." ' Subsequently the King sent the a-IIEIIIIIODS he introduced into the'gov.-
for .“ his old and .loiig iittrrclied friend,” erninents of the cantons were in general at‘

the expense of the aristocracy, and benefi-
cial to the people. The holy allies, how-
ever, theugbt Br, in tlreipltemiluvde oi'thei(;..
wisdom, to c biiterate all . his improvements,

Behold

possession of their old privileges.

work. ..._.

POLAND. The insurrection has-=
become general throughout the 

and great enthusiasm has been shown, even‘

in some cases by females. The Jews have’
generally risen in arms. We have several!
reports_fiom that part of Europe, which

It is however stated with confidence, that
crush the rebellion,and has ordered anim-
were marching from St. Petcrsburgli.—

raised to the chief command of the armies.

the Emperor Nicholas had arrived unex-
pectedly at \Varsaw, and appointed his son
and heir to be king’ of Poly
measure li(“""" ' ' '

and put at,
“This int ..
Gazette, I
compared 3

iiistam ann
einment o
diziie levy
in each 
tiirers tit C l ,
gion at tlrciiirown éifpeiise 

The l‘vIent'z' Gazette, ofthe 25th instant,
announces that an express, which arrived
at Augsburgli on the 21st, brought intelli-

 

marcliiiig from all parts of the empire, pro-L
ceed with such rapidity, that it is expected

first of January.

RUSSlA.—The reports on the London Ex-
change of disturbances having broken out inSt.
Pctersburgb, had produced much uneasiness
among the Russian bond holders, and caused
the stock to fluctuate. Letters from St. Pe-

had been banished.
being charged with "exciting the people
to the distrirbapees. It is also stated that M.
Romano, a Minister of Justice had been ban-
ished for the same cause. It appears fromn.
Proclamation issued on the 3d of Dee.tliat
disturbances had taken place at Mt. Peters-
burgh for some time paut. Vrvindows liad been
broken and other overt acts committed.
guilty were discovered; they consisted in
part of the lower classes, but among them
were noblcmcn, and persons in authority.
A private letter from ‘Varsaw, dated the
16th, contains an account of two interviews
between the Grand Duke Constantine and
N. VVoliski, in which his Imperial High-
ness entered into his views at some length.
His conduct has been more moderate than
any body expected.
“I could not,” he said, ‘-‘enter into en-
gagements for another. I Tell them so,and
that they ought to have had confidence in_

Prince Galitzin

cuse tire of duplicity. For myself, not .:
withstanding the unparalleled insults offer-
ed me in'm_v own house, I liavefurgotten
every thing.” His Imperial Highnosstlien
recapitulate-d all that passed at the Behi-
dere, and repeated—""Notwitlistandiiig all
this, I have forgotten every thing; for I»
am at bottom a truer Pole than any one
of you. Sir, I have married a Polish lady,
I have been completely domiciliated, a-
mong you, and have used none.but your
own language so long that it is with diffi-
culty that I can now express niyseifin my
native tongue, and, to the last moments, I
have given proof ofmy sentiments, by for-
bidding the Russian troops to fire upon
you. Had I been disposed, you would
have been annihilatedat the very first mo-
ment. I was the only man of the whole
Staff that was unwilling to fire; for I jinn-
gined that the Russians had no right to in-
terfere in a quarrel amongst the Poles.—’-
At the commencement ofthe disturbances
in France, I told Schiiiids that the Swiss
ought to have been put entirely aside,and
the whole affair ought to have been settled
between Frenchmen. I conceive that our
situation was precisely that of the Swiss.
I could have wished to have remained a-
mong you.

But your governor (and lierehc rnadea
bow,) sent me wor_d,:by the Deputation,
that I ought to_ go and place niyselfiit the
head of the Poles,‘ and then fefiifn tothe
capital. I refused to do this, thatrl might -
not become a rebel against my sovereign.

Orange—niy line of duty is clear, and ‘I
shall ever faitlifiilly. follow it- I have said
that Ihave, as far 'as,‘I',ai'n’pe,rs‘onally con-i’

heart has been scverelywounded-,“I con-

that this revolution has been‘ stained with‘
blood and rapine. A
that Polish -nation and garniy to both of
which I have been so devotedlyatiacheil,
with barbarityg; and t|_ii_s.-,will_ r‘eiii'a'i'n“§_gfn
indelible V spotupon themgfori evcij.; ..._s.‘.¢,
at the same time, to what we are reduced;

in the open air. .yviihout,.cliytlies_ai_id 3’:-irh.
out food. ; .;Tliat Ire‘ni_ight-not pg.=i,i.,.;;,},

liuiigér‘ Vand.cold,;,l,_--,hitve=~-biiené rdrieein
§i¢Z.9..‘.!l?°l.“’l€t"l°fl.l? 

xv,“ '-
.i. .

te,tv,"o'u,tsi_rle shu,tjt=e_'if’s,._,‘ 

5
E‘-
:-

.is‘ no rIsi'sting-abidltitbiilafihllutl. ' —

.

sis

and replace the piety ariotociacies-int the .

the result. The rniglny convuhions now‘ 
,agitating Europe from side toside are their

we do not consider worthy of confidence. "
the Emperor of Russia has determined to-‘ ”
mense force to the frontiers,-—40,000 men ’

Count Diebitsch has been, by an ukase,.-

. Qxtract ofa letter from Weimar, dated :
Dec. 19 :—"‘A report is current here, that ;.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

i... 41.. 

gence that 160,000 Russians, who are _ ‘

that 80,000 men will enter “farsaw by the _

tersburgli, to the 4th of Dec. mention that ‘

The -

 
 

me; I am a sincere man; no one can a ’ ‘

We have all of us ferm- '
ed dear and close conncxions at Warsaw. 1

I will never play the part ofthe Prince of .

corned, forgotten every,--tiring; bu,'t.'r‘n_v. '

fess, and it has suffered most l‘ioirr‘tlio,ffa_‘¢:t ~

Posieriiy. will-.ac.cuso ,

‘the ‘soldiers have beensmarcliing for eight .
days, and are notv."ctimp9ll§d"lp’_biiou e‘ '

 

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