_ ‘Nae this proof e!.'_ li.~.iinine_ss3
CONGRESS.
MR. WEBSTEWS SPEECH.
In the Senate of the U. States,.on Wed-
nesday, January 20th, the following reso-
lution offered by Mr. Foot came up for
consideration, the question being on the a-
mendment of'Mr. W oodbury.
Resolved, That the Comm-itt:ee_on_the
Publick lands be instructed to inquire into
the expediency oflimiting fora certain pe-
riod the sales of publick lands to such
lands only as have heretofore been offered
for sale, and are subject to entry at the nit-
ninium price. And also whether the office
ofSurveyor General may not be abolished
without detriment to the publick interest.
Mi‘. Foot offered a modification of his
resolution, which he said was prepared
with a view of meeting the objections 0
gentlemen.
Mr. VVebster said,although he mightbe
among those who saw no necessity for the
resolution, yet he was not one who saw a-
ny harm in it. It conferred no new power
on the tfiommittee on Publick Lands. But
whatever he might think of the resolution
after what had fallen from a Senator from
2* : " :..._ ;;i.'ar. Hayne,) he could
. ,_ hat impression it had
'.=':li‘:(i. Ifhe saw no necessi-
, -;.- £t.;.f ..:-as-~ution, still less did he
see me necessity tor the amendment of the
Senator from Newflampshire, (Mr. Wood-
bury.) If it was the fact that we had so
much laitd in the market, could it be sup-
posed that any law was needed to expedite
the sale of the Publick Lands,or to throw
any more into the market? He llluuglll
the great evil so far as there was an evil-,
the increase of population had not kept up
with the quantity oflands throwninto mar-
ket. What we need was notacres but hands.
There tvas latid enough no selling them at
prices nearly nominal, no giving them a-
way, could accelerate the population be-
yond its present increase.
The Senator from S. C "seems to think
the policy of the U. States has beenthat of
a hard step mother towards the W'este~ n
country. He had alluded to the policy of
European powers inplariting colonies.-—
\Vas there arty analogy between the cases
on which a statesman could stand,&. make
an argument ? \Vere the Western settle-
ments colonies? Had they fled from the
law ofthe country? Far from it-they
liad gone under the shadow of _the wing
of the parent country. Had not the U. S.
paid millions on millions for extinguishing
Indian titles, and for the "defence ‘of the
people? \Vas there any comparison be-
tween that and European policy‘?
Take the State of0liio.—When did she
begin to have a respectable existence S'-
You know that down to the year ’93 or
94, the only settlements were a little vil-
lage on the Muskinguiii, and perhaps,a-
nether at Cincinnati. The first settle-
ment mighibe dated from the victory of
\Vaync, in ’94. In 35 years, here was a
State of a million and a half of people.—
-5-.-..——
holrl but to s‘et.t.le.' There was no man in‘
the country of strong arms, who had not
the option of becoming a free man, of
standing on his own soil. Was this the
conduct of a hard step mother’! ‘If a dif-
ferent policy had been pursued, it would
have been a breach of duty. He thought,
therefore, the conduct of the Goveriiment
was free from reproach. .
The gentleman from Sotitli Carolina
said, he did not regard the publick domain
as 3 source of revenue; that the distribu-
tion ofa largerevenue tended to coiisoli-
date the Government and corrtipt the peo-
ple. There were meii in the country
whose opinion led them to think it desira-
blc ,0 weaken every thing leading to what
they call consolidatioii,but which he called
the Union. Those who formed the Gov-
ernment told us that their whole ob-
ject had been to consolidate the Govern-
ment. They nieant, as he did, union.-
Those to whom he alluded, would see it so
arranged that there sliotild be no control
beyond the temporary expediency to go in-
to it, or go out ofit, as a matter ofopinion;
the people who thought it “time to calcu-
late the value of the Union," who said
they would not suffer the coittrol of the
Union after July 31. He thought it dan-
genius to the union that such opinions
be disseminated. He was an Unionist-
He was a National Republican—he was in
favour of such consolidations as held the
Government together, and enabled them
to sit there. He wished the Union might
be preserved, by showing that it was use-
ful to ourselves; for its bencficence, its u-
tility, its glory. He wished the children
to see, as their fathers saw, the necessity
for the Union. If this can be a common
fund, and can be used for such a purpose,
he would not withdraw it.
The publick debt was in the progress ofa
rapid discharge; but there seemed to be a
morbid fervour in sotne parts of the country
to have it discharged. He wished to have
it discharged; but it had been one effect of
the debt to hold together the country wh.
paid the interest in it. He could not but
suspect that sonre ofthe fervor upon the
subject had been exercised, not because it
was onerous to the country, but because it
was a link which held the country together.
It was said the distribution ofa large fund
corrupted the people. He did not see how.
If they sold the land to free holders, they
did not corrupt. There was a proposition
to dispose ofthem for education. Schools
and masters did not coritipt. Spelling
books and the bible did not corrupt. If
they were given for roads and canals, they
did not corrupt. The Gov’t had no pat-
ronage in it. He begged to know where
was the corruption. _
It was said that the U. S. reserved them,
keeping them front the taxation and the
sovereignty ofthe States. If they werea
leasehold, rendering a regular rent, there
would be sotnetliing in the argument But
it was not so. The United States had
bear down the west, _ .‘
New England that h
measures.
in protecting manufacture
of the country was t‘et.'.::~'
bounty.
that the east had not been g
narrow policy. He believe
where, it was not from a
source. Mr.‘ W. read front
Mr. McDuffie an extract,in 1/
Duffie said if any thing was.
of southern States,
stood to allude to this, as t 0199
atall. Mr. W.read froi
an extract from his own.
he contended, in opposi *0
sible and settled, and ill? addlllll
argument, that the sett”"lf' Of
had been assisted by th-"."5f "159 If
south. l
tion ofcomparative ,l’°”an¢9s E"
was no-hostility. V9 "Of the 10
the west the desc
ny remarks of
had during the 159"‘ d°ba‘9-
putaiion upor" l"'“°“"-
Mr. “7. ed
the amendir‘5- , ’ ‘i
M,._ Ben,‘ replied that tfi la
pended U tNew England,
,,mc1,,;m i at there would ne j
been 3 seplient in the 'West. tn
,.e,,o,.,e(pd been supported, ti]
would nrr had an ‘existence.
dependliii the New England
sissimjas a still stronger argu
gains‘: East. The articles of
V‘ 215..-:'...iit
Mr. \V. did not speak of ii’ ‘
that measure now; his objec (0 Show
of that
....ile(l
-thesc
-0.
i... U
if the
Secretary had borrowed _hi l0n any
ngland
eech of
Mr.Mc-
benefit
"it was tf° he 531'“
ofthe Publick Lands. l\rIrE- S.U0de|"
ofthe
Secretary’s views, if they, ‘'54 ”°W‘—‘d
sa’ debate
Cl1_,l which
McD.
that the lands should be as ll? 35 P03’
to his
west
of the
He had never hea‘ ‘ll Sugf-lf‘ed_ 3")’
where, as a matter ofllbys t_hat,t=Intgru-
tion should be restrafd S°m*i l_7e1_’Pl9
might be somewhat ifrse 10 lllfilllmlnlk
iliere
ple of
ants of tf East :
were they not bone‘ he!‘ b0119i.ld fie?“
ofhcr fle5h_ It WSHOI his “OD ill
first to have uttert°"9-W'N‘d 0n is Sub‘
ject, but when he rd 50 many “Isis” 1”‘
raises’ and so ma_ ocal allusionsfor one
he could not holt,'.5 P93“ any 1 g°"""
[)'u,;,,g (he Whojrfteen years tli be had
been a nietnberihad "°"°“ ma 50 ma‘
" aglctional charact as he
‘ while
he stood there}: re_presentativc3f New
E,,gj,,,,d, by tyjlessrng of God l. would
be he, [me ,ep[entative,&opposeinymis-
mp,-ese,,,a,;qs to her policy o‘r:ny rm-
ded by moving th indef-
inite p05,p,.,pent ofthe resolutln and
of de-
would
have
rela-
‘ion mtjutdinance of ’85, Mr." . said
that mdnce would have sti-d the
w,_.s,_ lie policy of that act . at first
wcs:_
, far as
s, the
west ,:'r would have been‘ s‘ led.-
The 3 It: for the navigation of 4_
BI. 21-
of the icnuritry-—'o’n the other was all that
alliance ofthe latter party, ie begged to
Much had been said ~, ,.,, -‘-ll ‘he dedille -15 _S‘'' 1.53’ {so it was offered yes-
jate Secretmy ofthe '[ . ‘ "-fa}-> had terdaj t id :ioi:t; the friends ofthe
forgotten the report,.but . S “triucli West? J l“:‘jt,'tt s" ~-E which were iin-
injusljce had beg“ done #2-try. poriapt . gt.-5 _-,' {V est, the South had
The substance ofhis argir ~. that been its .' !- . ., and if not all at lf‘aSt‘lllE:
liure leaders in the l\orth East had been its foes.
the Old Congress, to show that the North
the price. Upon raising troops to defend
the North Westerti Territory, Mr. B. pro-
England had opposed the defence of that
country. “Massachusetts, who now came
forward to offer an alliance, was found on
every question opposed togenerous, mag-
naniiiious Virginia !” No people had ev--
er been treated so hardly as the people
of the “West, by the Federal Government.
In the year 1786, when Congress had not
furnished an adequate defeiice,and the gov-
ernment of Virginia had offered 1000 men,
the East had opposed the acceptance ofthe
services, and the offer was adopted, and
accepted by the votes of the South.
Mr. Bell moved that the Senate adjourn,
which motion was rejccted——.Aycs 13,
Noes 18.
Mr. Hayne said, that when he had
spoken a few days since, it was not his
intention to have troubled the Senate again.
He had then thrown out merely a few
hinta and suggestions, stating at the time
that his opinions were not fully made up.
But the gentleman from Massachusetts,
(Mr. Webster,) had chosen to change the
question. He had gone from the West to
the South. Had the gentleman found
that the Senator from Missouri was an
over matclr for him, that he had gone fiver
that gentleman to attack himself? Was
the murder ofthe Coalition floating before
the imagination of tlte gentleman? But
he cared not what was the motive. The
gentleman had chosen his enemy he had
gone iiiio his (Mr. H’s) territory and, by
the blessing of God, he would drive him
back dlscomfited. '
The Senator from Massachusetts had
said much of the paternal care shown by
New England to the \’Vest; but when he
heard that remark, he could not help re-
membering the course of the tory meni-
bers iii the British Parliament, and of the
reniarks of the advocate of the Colonies,
when it was urged that the British Gov-
ernment had reared their Colonies, ‘You
eared them! They reared themselves in
spite of you.’
Nathan Dane, to show that after his op-
position to the West in Congress he had
pursued the same course in the‘ Hartford
Convention. —
The Senator from Massachusetts had
alluded to a speech of Ml. McDufIie on
the Cumberland road, Jan. 18, I825.-—
them ‘to sell, they owned a parcel of bar— then fussed 5h°‘Yed lb?“ ‘he 3 :7’.«lJ*5ll‘l’l%tLl\l' Hat,-'.'1'.. read an extnwt f-« m M--.. "7""
_£(in_lZ1lJflS--...lf.1ll;:__S;z1tes.. J_ ‘ ' tm .,s-t‘<.*‘.-*.l_3.ut..Ut3_..l9r 50 ,v.£:ar.s.. «Ll yrs 9*; -- ..,- _ ' ..
_ U‘? ,._,;‘ .,r__.; ','.I_;‘.‘~“.u}.::,.,'i.t_%_‘_rl,’;j't..‘-1~. ' - _ ‘r .:t~~;i 1-: -_,_ . ';‘.fi.'. ‘t ..:' '- ‘Suzi b ’5,t(',-(-)cr| Of)" _ r...-.7. iii 4., -‘V.
--‘- ..ot.iu n“o‘i‘iax irre'iri‘untrt they were settteu. sine fr-.w"7£072, Spain was to tfllifi-‘qttzlfl oil that Mr_ \V_ had uttered 5eniim‘e;,‘g3“sm;;ft
was opposed to that Democracy. The‘
Mr. B. read extracts from the Journals of
East had upheld the price of the lands,
and the South advocated a reduction in:
ceeded with his extracts to show that New
Mr. H. went briefly into the history of
4 The resolution prioposvedi Biff.’ Frol-
liad run 1.t\i'd._y llum Ili.efi'.)l.t.t inirtoen States.
Itwould be perilous for any man to say
that this experiment had not succeeded.—
He loookcd with wonder and amaze-
mentat ilie wisdom which had governed
the country, and arranged the subject of
Publcl. Lands, and gave an impetus to the
population, which had gone on increasing
almost until the present moment.
Our Publick Lands were derived from
four principal sources. The cession by the
State at the close of the war; then the
cession ofGeorgia ; then the purchase of
Louisiana; then the purchase of Florida.
‘Where was the power to give away these
lands? \Vere not the lands pledged to the
publick debt? But this was not the orig-
inal mortgage. The first pledge was to the
States for the “ publick good,” and for Vir-
ginia among tlicse States. When this
sosssion was made, some of the States
were filled to their chartered limits, while
some ofthem contained vast quantities of
unsettled crown land. During the Rev -
utionary war, the smaller States com-
plaincd: the remonstrance was that their
cession by the States ofa portion of the
crown lands, which by political necessity
would become the property ofthe States,
would benefit the States, holding them, as
well as others. InCongress,ini780,theStas.
were requested to make. these cessioris,and
'7'-’t='“'“=‘?‘1‘:'>'—’i"";’ 1"‘ -2 ‘Le lands thus ac-
' . " .- 1-:-r be common ben-
. ' 4.5 disposed of in
.*.*.*.::.‘-..i.<:r as. (,1-.iiz.;_:.--,\s,:; should direct...
-.'_-..‘..=.g ti.-.-..; lauds under those express
stipulations, was it possible that Congress
could give these lands away? Could they
consider it in any way than so much mon-
ey in the Treasury ?
It would be found that other States dis-
posed oflands on the same grounds as did
Virginia. Massachusetts, Connecticut, and
Carolina,did the same. The United
States ‘received them under stipulations wh.
good faith required them to observe.-
One of them was that the U. S. should
not govern them long as territories-. Had
the United States not done this? Had
not the States been admitted as soon as
there was any plausible reason for it ?—
States having 20 members in the House,
and two members here, had given all their
support to admit a State with equal power
here, which would have but one member
iii the house. This was a vast dispiopo;--.
tion of political power. But he did not
know that any person had opposed the in-
troduction on that ground. He had not-
his ‘friends had not.
The condition that iliey should form a
common fund, had been observed. The
money received from them had gone into
the publick Ti'easury,and had thence been
disposed of foriho publick necessities.--'-
.l. he system ofthe Government was in ex-
zict pursuance with the resolution. It was
Ift:ct:ssttr_V for the government not only to
.~_
JD-
Tlie obnoxious-, the rebuked, the re-
proached East! The East was charged
with a disposition to suppress emigration.
It wasthe Tariff.’ Tariff! Tariff! Every
thing began with it and ended with it. He
believed, ifthere were any word to rhyme
with it, all their sonnets would be on the
same subject. As for the policy of New-
hngland the tariff was none of hers. It was
forced upon her. How stood the \Vest-
ern votes in 1816? How stood the “fest,
and South votesin 1824'! Not only did
all the Western States, but Virginia lier-
self, give more votes thati Massachusetts
It was (1 reproach upon themin 1824, that
their factories could get along without a
tariff. The tariff is now a New England
measure; it did not originate with them.
But when the government had taken it up,
having a dense population, and a little
space, tltey invested their money, in the
supposition that the goveriinrent would
support. it. From the first,the people of N.
England had shown as much zeal in favor
ofthe \Vest as any portion of the people
whatever. it was not true that they had op-
posed emigration.
[At this place we lost aportion of Mr.
W e bster's reinarks.]
None of the “ shingling," as it was call-
ed in the VVest, was to be found where the
United States granted lands. There were
no lands covered by titles 30 deep, and he
had seen them 20 deep in the Supreme
Court; while in that part of the “fest
where the other system was pursued, no
man could say that he had a clear title to
any land.
In allusion to the act of 1797,he said he
should like to see airy strong indication of
long slghtcd wisdom, than was to be dis-
covered in the difference between the right
and left bank ofthe Ohio. It was the glo-
ry ofthe people who were born in Ohio,
that they were born in a land incapable of
producing slaves. The ordinance of ’97
was from the pen of Nathan Dane, efMas-
sachusetts. \Vas there any thing in that
showitig hostility to the West. Let gen-
tlernenjudge for themselves, whether such
ordinances showed a want of wisdom for
the governi_iier.t ofthe people. It was no-
cessary at tirst that something should be
done for the \Vest. It was hard that so
much should be annually drawn from the
West,but it was proper. The money was
tiottakeii altogether from them. No man
in the East complained of the emigration.
The argument that a manufacturing peo-
ple tvislied to restrain etiiigration, was, in
ms °l’"“°"i wholly fanciful. He wished.
to see airy measure devised for the benefit
of the west which had been opposed by the
East. Who liad made the Cumberland
and codfish from the United Stateg‘, id est
from New England. In the debates car-
ried on for three years, nine Statbs con-
tended that the failure to make a\ treaty,
made the surrender of the; navigation ob-
ligatory; seven States contend'e'd;agaiiist
it. How did it terminate ? Upon the
rcmoristrance of the State of North Care-
lina, presented with all the energy ofa
State determined not to allow her citizens
to be maltreated, the States north of Mr-
ryland went in favor of, and the States
South presented one undivided front against
the cession. God protect him from such
allies!
In relation to the settlement of Olll- ,
and the triumph of Wayne, Mr.B said that
there never was a Federal Soldier north
ofthe Ohio. The battles were fought by
the volunteers of Kentucky, wholswani
the river not only against the rifles-of the
Indians, but against the law of the United
States. , _ i
In relation the Tariff, Mr. B. conlended.
that the West had assisted to make it Tar-
iff, and that the New England voter went
together against the ftirther protection of
Hemp, and that the duty upon thatarticle
was obtained by the votes of the Smith.
The Senator from Mass. hail referred to
the history of the government, to show
what was the policy of the 1st Cori-
gresses in relation to the lands. IV}. B.
alluded in reply to that policy. The first
price fixed was 20 cents per acre ; fixed
by Mt‘. Hamilton. Had this polity and
price been pursued, Mr. believél the
government would have derived moth mo-
ney from them, than they had since. The
interest on the Public Debt amountid to
as much in 16 years as the whole woih of
the Public Lands. It was the early lolicy
to sell the land as fast as possible ‘ '
He rose for the purpose efjoiningissue
with the Senatpr from Mass. upoi. the
point that the East had been the alies of
the West, and the South its oppone 5...
And as he had some further view., he
sliotild postpone them until another o§por-
tunity. _
On motion of Mr. Woodbury, the Sen-
ate then adjourned.
Scnate Jan. 21.—Mr. Benton too; the
floorin continuation of his remarks o’yes-
terday. Mr. B. showed that the prtipo_si-
tion of Mr. Dane, alluded to by Mr. Veb-
ster, was introduced to Congress bllore
Mr. Danc’s time, by Mr. Jefferson,*and
that therefore, the measure did not pro-
ceed front the East, but from the Si‘uth.
In relation to N. England, Mr. Be ton
said there was a dividing line in the lie v
England character, oit one side"of wttich
5°30 S was it made by eastern votes-or by
outherii votes? Take the Portland Ca-
nal; the \Vabasli Canal. Take the ayes
and noes. and strike from the ayes the New
‘England vote-', and the southern votes will
of the West, in peacefand in war, and on
the other side of which, were those it o
thought it ‘unbecoruing a moral and tili-
gtous people to rejoice at victory.’ _, n
line were the people who were fi'ie‘Er‘ls
ilar to his own. With these op'rnions,’t
Mr. ‘V. had yesterday repudiated the ideas
ofMi. H. and considered the public Lands
as a perpetual fund. Mr. H. believed
that the fund ought to be administered for
the purpose of raising up great and flour-
ishing communities. lf it was to be re
served for the common benefit of all the
States, how could the gentleman vote
away land for colleges, schools, canals,
and bridges ? South Carolina had not
been benefitted by such votes, so much as
she would have been by the building up
of great communities.
The gentleman had said the East had
been friends to the West, while the South.
had opposed such grants. The gentle-
man had cast it as a reproach on the South,
that Constitutional scruples had led them
to the opposition. The gentlemen had
forgotten to tell the when, the how, and
the wherefore, the East had shown her
friendship. He thought this was a new
born zeal. He believed that until the year
1825 the East had been opposed to the
growth of the West. It was a matter of
history, that some time in the year 1825
certain gentlemen had changed their pol-
icy in regard to the “fest. If the Amer-
ican system liad grown out ofa policy at
that time adopted, of Manufactures in the
East and Internal Improvements in the
West, from which the South was shut out,
he thought it was not to be boasted of as
fiieiirlly to the West.
On the remarks of Mr. VV. on the pub-
lic debt, he should wait until the Senator
from Massachusetts should act before he
gave him entire credit for his declarations.
The gentleman had said he would pay the
debt, because the Government was bound
to pay it. ‘
‘theMississippi, and the present state of ed-
and oti his motion the committee rose, and the
House adjourned.
In the House on Thursday, Mr. Blair's res-
olution calling for a register ofthe cadets ad-
mitted into the West Point Academy, since
iis establishinent; the number of applicants
rejected ; how many were eons of members of
Congress, &c. was under discussion. Mr.
Irigersoll, of Conn. stated that the informa-
tieri called for was already before the house.
up to the year 189.1. lle recited the several
instances in which calls ofthis kind had been
made and inl'ormat:ion answered. As to the
applicants for admission, he thought if we re-
quired this, we might as well make the en-
quiry general and ask for the names of all who
are applicants for office in the civil department
ofthe governments. He had no objection to
accede to a general inquiry ofthat. character.
He referred to the contingent expenses of the
house, which have increased, are increasing,
and ought to be déminishcd. The estimates
for contiiigcrit expenses had increased $20,000
beyond what they formerly were. and at this
session they were still $10,000 more. He ob-
jected to this mode of applying the money to
useless printing, and recommended that re-
form which would hegin at liotne.
Mr. Blair replied that all the reports we had
on the subject were quite defrcieiit in the de-
tails which were desired. He referred to the
opinions of many, that this Academy was a
hotbed of military aristocracy ; and ofothers
that its expenses were out of all proportion to
its advantages; and that. these expenses
were drawn from the pockets of the poor as
well as the rich. Some further remarks
were made, but the hour having elapsed the
discussion was terminated. The remainder
ofthe day was occupied with the report of the
committee on the petition ofRucl Washburn,
contesting the right of James \V. Rzpley. of
Maine, the sitting member, to a seat in the
house. Before the discussion terminated the
house adjourned.
Friday Jan. 22.-The Senate did not
sit to-day. In the House of Representa-
tives there was no biisincss transacted, of
general interest. Several bills were re-
ported from committees in the course of
the morning, one of them from the coin-
mittee on Retrencbmeiit, ‘to prohibit the
use of secret service money in time of
peace.’ The resolution respecting the
Military Academy at West Point was
further debated, and finally committed to
the Committee on Military Affairs, on the
motion of Mr. Everett, of Massachusetts
with a view to the exclusion of one or two
features which be deemed useless if not
invidious. Several other resolutions of
inquiry heretofore offered, were agreed to,
and two or three others submitted. The
remainder ofthe sitting was consumed in
an earnest discussion of the principle of
a bill for the relief of George and Will-
iam Bangs, (to remit to them the amount
of duties on certain goods consumed by
fire in the original packages in which they
were imported.) The bill was finally
lost by a large uiajori’y.
fllunday Jan. 25.—In the Senate. Mr.
Smith. ofMd. from the Com. on Finance,
reported a bill modifying the duties on
certain imported articles, and repealing
l
- .v..9 Ian) \I
inghuysen, calling on the Secretary of
War to furnish my information respecting
the progress of civilization for the last
eight years, among the Cherokee, Creek,
and Choctaw nations of Indians, East of
iication, civil government, agriculture and
the mechanic arts, among those nations,
was called up.
Mr. Forsyth observed, that he was not
in the habit of objecting to any inquiry
that gentlemen might be desirous of insti-
tuting, and in the mode most agreeable
to the gentlemen themselves. In this case,
however, he is as anxious -hat the inquiry
made by the gentleman from New Jersey,
in relation to the tribes of Indians,
mentioned in his resolution, should be ex-
tended to all the ltrdians within the limits
ofthe United States and the Territories.
The question was their put on the adop-
tion of Mr.Forsyth’s amendment, and de-
cided in the affirmative. The resolution
thus amended, was agreed to.
' The Senate proceeded to the special
orders of the day; the resolution of Mr.
Foot proposing an enquiry into the expedi-
ency of abolishing the office of Surveyor
General of public lands, and suspending
further surveys &c. when Mr. Hayne oc-
cupied the floor for two hours and a half,
concluding his speech in reply to Mr.
\Vebster, after which the Senate abjourned.
In the House, the following resolutions
sirbmittted by Mr. Spencer, from the
Cotnmittee on agriculture the 13th inst.
were taken u p:
Res-solved, That the President of the
United States be requested to cause to be
presented tlirotigli the. Commanders of
our public armed vessels, and our Minis-
ters and Consuls abroad stich varieties
ofthe sugar cane, and other cultivated ve-
Mr. \Vebster explained that he would
pay the public debt, because it was oner-
ous to the country.
Mr. Hayne addcd—the gentleman had
said that, as it was the bond of union, he
should not object to have it kept on the
country for ever. Mr. ‘H. repudiated
such an idea. It was not a Government
that we wanted, but a free Government,
one that should m he the people inde-
pendent and happy. This would bind
nrcn to the footstool ofa tyrant as much as
to the Constitution. It was such sentim-
cuts as those that led directly to the cele-
brated maxim,that a public debt was it pub-
lic blessing. '
Mr. Grundy moved that the Senate ad-
jern, and on motion of Mr. \Vebster, the
Senate adjottrned to Monday.
In the House on 'Wednesday, the Judicia-
ry bill was under discussion. Mr.Str rig fin-
ished his argument, and was followed by M r.
Polk, of Tetinessee, who opposed the ametid-
ment proposed by Mr. Strong, to abolish the
Circuit Courts, &c. Mr. Polk was in favor
of increasing the number of Judges to ten, in
0119 Side of the line stood the Democrzpjt
.. -. 3p "
ori Ct‘ that all the districts might be included»
getables,grains, seeds, and shrubs, as may
be best adapted to the soil and climate of
the United States.
Resolved, That the Secretary of the
Treasury cause to be prepared a well di-
gested Manual, containing the best prac-
tical information on the cultivation of the
sugar cane, and the fabrication and refine-
ment ofstigar, including the most modern
improvements; and to report the same to
the next session ofCongress.
Mr. Spencer in calling for the consider-
ation of resolutions remarked, that they
were introduced at the suggestion of the
delegate from Florida, (Mr. ,White.) whose
extensive knowledge and experience upon
the subject, had been ofmuch importance
to the committee in their investigations.
Mr. S. said, it was ascertained that there
were .various species of the sugar cane,
not indigenous to our soil, which contain-
ed much more sacharine matter,than those
of native growth. The experiment had
been tried, and it was found that such
flourished in our soil. It proper attention
were paidto llll$ml_lll‘P‘:‘l'l'<llll subject, Mn,
Mr.Huntington,of-Coérn.obtai.ned'tl2e ffoor.,l S‘. had no dotil-it great beitelit would
derived to our country, not only as regards?”
our home consumption, but with reference'
to our exports. Mr. S. said, the commit-V
tee liad also recommended the collection
of the most valuable seeds, 65¢. Mr. S.
also said, the want of a proper Digest of-
the best modes ofctil.ure was highly desi-
rablc, as in our country a want of Science
and iiiforiiiatioti on the subject was pecu-
liarly felt.
l\lr. Chilton said, he would be in favor
of airy reasonable encouragement wliiclt
could be given to Agriculture in our couri-
try ; but he did not know wlrythe growth
of the sugar cane should take,preccdcnc,e
of all other productions of the country,
Mr. C. asked what was the most import?
an-. article in our agricultural productions I
He answered, most eiiipliaiically, "Corn.
Wliy, then, lieasked, shall we expend un-
tlie cultivation of the sugar cane, while
we do nothing for 'lie honest fariner-
the corn-grower of the \Vi.-st? Why tax
the people and drain the Treasury for the
collection of an endless variety of seeds P
He. asked if any such privileges were ex.
tended to the industrious yeomanry of
the country? Never. Had the gentleman
embraced in his proposition wl_icat,'_ha;ley’
the land, he would have made no objec-
tion; but as it was, he felt himself bound
to enter his protest against this useless ex-
penditure of the public funds.
The resolutions were agreed to.
. Titesrlay Jan. 2S.—-In the Senate, the
bill making appropriationsfor the payment
of the Revolutionary and invalid Pension.
ers, was ordered to a third reading.
l\lr..R-‘Avon offered a bill to authorize a
subscription for 1000 shares of stock, on
to a second reading.
Mr. Barton, reported, without amend.
merit, the bill to continue in force an act
authorising certain soldiers in the late war
I0 surrender the bounty lands drawn b
them and to locate others in lieu thereof. v
The Senate then resumed the consider-
ation of Mr. Ft-ot’s resolution, when Mr,
Webster took the floor in reply to Mr,
Haync, ofSouth Carolitia, and spoke for
three hours, during the whole of which
time he commanded the undivided atten.
tion of the Senate, and of every one of
the numerous concourse which crowded
both the galleries and every part of the
chamber not occupied by the seats of the
Senators.
Before Mr. \Vebster concluded the
Senate adjourned. ’
In the House of Representatives, a bill’
was reported by Mr. R. M. Johnson, fronj
the cmimittee on the Post Office and Post‘
ROMS; itwhutizing the Post Master Gen-
eral to employ additional clerks. ,«
’l'he Clerksthus authorized, exclus
ofa third Assistant P-«master Gene:-_.‘
{the duties ““ 'r*"“?-“I--.
l\v.. _..
britlg a dratv over the Potomac, was
repel‘ d the committee on -the District
Of (-éluflllfli with amendments, the prin-
ciplepti fwhich is to authorize the cor-
poratnt fWashington to alter the draw
over th astern Channel, in like mange,
with th ver the Western. *
graph o , day contains aletter from C -
fgggre EH10“. to the Secretary of
3
Ve.l‘I_=1 Upecember 5th,” which relate
particul the loss of the Hornet. “O
the 10th ptember,” says the’ letter,—“ .
gale, tin ‘
ved bi '
chore
common‘ others, was compelled, by th
violetice gain, to stand off the coast.
In this atttghowever she. failed-—and, fro
some catiliich will probably never b
rcachcd,fei'ed, and all on board sunk int
a:2_ttntini X lamented gra.ve.”~
are ten, two io_rvCei‘+f¢,, 33tl_m.ies o" '
., . - ' ".1-‘:"‘:a , ->-.'_,
T - t'*‘T.~---——"‘ ‘“ $3~“"\}._'i‘.‘~;v,. 4nnum_. ’
vb, mm the Senate to alter the
A n ber of resolutions were introdu.
ced, an ie house then resolved itself in-
to comi ee of the whole on the report
ofthe c ittee on elections, on the pe-
tition olluel Washburn, contesting the
right olpes W. Ripley, of Maine, the
sitting tuber, to his seat in the House.
\Vitl)§ coming to any result, the com-
mittee ti rose, reported progress, and"
ubtainetave to sit again.
Frill/re New York Evening Post.
\Ve in that evidence of the exist.
enci» ofiuggling in this countrv, on a
large and to great extent al-ong our
inland ftiers and a part of our sea coast
has beeillected at Washington. ,
We is before us a letter from an au. -
ihenricirce at Washington, in which
the lateclosure on this subject are men.
tioned.l understand” says the writer,
“that texaniinations before some of
the Colltees. of Congress in reference
to the nine, doc. have shown the exisf-“Q.
ence offggling in violation of our pres.
ent tarig‘ an unexpected extent.
not meay this the alleged or real (as it
may beasioiis ofthe law for the pur.
[3059 0l.§?|'ll1g goods at lower rates.-
But botli our northern frontier and our
southerfisi, there is evidence of direct
and reglsniuggling. If we add to this
that thebased expenditure iri’tlie'Qua;--
ter Mad department for transportation
during its: year is ascribed by the tie?’
partmeia considerable degree to the
movenr: of the stations of the army" '
with retce to the prevention ‘of smug:
gling ytlill see that the necessary re-
sults of resent tariff system,as predict- ’'
ed. hatfgun to develops themselves
with utected rapidity. It is to be .
wishedgugh not to be expected, that .f
the C'ttee on Manufactures would
presen e public some of the evidence 1 '
on this apt which is in their possession.” ' '
Ido
it _ .--
\..—.¢~
U- -3 2 Hornet-—Thc U;.VStates Te _
“U- S. Ship F-almouth, tie
severe, came on, which pr
strous to all the vessels an
the coast. The Hornet, i.
&c. which were the staple commodities of \-
kiiowu sums in printing it book to teacht’
the part of the U. States, in the Lotticiille‘ ‘
and Portland Canal Co. which was passed -
\
Norwalk Chronicler