Norwalk Gazette, Tuesday, January 23, 1827 · page 2

 

 
 
 
 
 

I but loudly proclairrietls I“ “*9 Ital-Te .°l' ill”
' world.

' §'les'iirt his majesty in giving full effect to that

- known that the consequence of the I€5I(l€liCl‘
. ofthe King ofP0rtugal in Brtiml was to raise

a from th: time the king contemplated his de

.tiigal, and of Brazil to keep seperate. At
-that time advice was tendered by this Court,

. Portugal in favor of his eldest daughter. He

’ opirijon_ol' the Portuguese people.

’ would not stop to inquire.

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‘arts. tv.,-rs fir.»-art-. by 'm"ér‘i Wort: Pomgal "trad
‘tint-inr‘ed-, and wire 'r'i‘ovv‘carried _e!t0l'rtlI0tI Int}!
‘iliebr3sorri:0l',th%Ii' own cofttitry? Why_'. ‘I.
would have l5_"een a speciallahltd 3 P‘:"Y 9"")

‘tiling to say, ‘that ‘this was 't‘lor_ a foreign HIV‘?!-_,
sion, because Spain ‘did not ‘ employ heroivtr
troops, or purclrase rneycetiaries to make use

of, but preferred to intake use of the inert erra-
ries of Portugal iier“sell"3=—C0Uld- ll |hei'€l'0‘fU
be _»,;.ir,l iliat this was no aggression? Urrqties

‘tiooably not. This wasttre whole case before
Parliament. I'Ir*»i'e Was the 0"“? "I: *3“ Em -
fdoubted obligatiori, not framed iii. ‘a corner,

Here was on the otlie_r ligitid an un
qtiestioriable act of f'tir.eig_ti a’g‘_gr_t‘.§s't0tt,‘_‘_ fttt
iiislied forth”with f'oreigii_m8H|1S'i @113 dl‘
rected _fd foreign objects. Wlreit they
put the facts and the obligation together it
was itiipos_=.il2le_ tlirft his majesty could refusi-
the call that had been madeori hirii, trt-I
wotr.'i_.l Paillaitieiit, he was quite Cflllvlllcfldo

sacred and undoubted obligation. He came
now to the question of tlie assailant. It \Hr.~..

it fr. colonial to a metropolian contlition';and,

parture for Europe, there grew up in Brazil a
desire or independence threatening the peace
of both countries. It was also known that
Great Britain undertook a mediation between
Portugal and Brazil, and induced the kitig to
ackrioivledge a seperate existence of the two
Crowns, that of Brazil on the head ofliis el-
dest son. Hardly had this arrangement lien‘-
car-tied into effect, when the premature &..un-
expected death ofthe King or Portugal pro-
duced a new state of things, and forcibly re-
united on the same head the two Crowns
which, it was the policy of Englatid, of Por-

and by another European Court, which was
supposed to be connected with Brazil ; but it
was only fair to say that advice was not the ori-
gin ofthe arrangement that then took place,
because, before that advice reached Brazil,t't_ie
king had determined to abdicate the crown of

had accompanied his abdicsition oftlie'Crowri
of Portugal with a free constitutional charter
for that country. It was thought that that
measure was the offspring of British advice,
but it wasrio such. thing. Not because we were
called on to approve or disapprove of that
constitution, but iuerely because it was no
pa‘rt,of the duty ofBritish Ministers to inter-
ferewith the internal iristitutions or regulations
of any state whatever. With respect to
that .constit'ution, he had neither the inten-
tion nor the rightto offer any remarks upon it.
Privately as air individual, lie had certainly
formed an opinion on it; but as a minister, all
he had to saywas, “May God prosper this at-
tempt at cbnstitdtitiiial liberty, (hear) and may
the nation be found as fit to protect and to
cherish it, as, as in other respects, it has prov-
ed itself capable of discharging its duties arm
maintainiiig its place amongst the nations o.
Etirope ” (Cheers.) He was not the chain
piou nor the critic of that corrstittitioii. I:
proceeded from it legitimate source—it wt.-.
founded on liberal principles-‘-and it carnrr.
reconciled to this country still more, on ac-
cotiutofthe ready acceptance‘ given to it by
all orders ofpeople. (Hear.) To that‘ cori-
stilution, it was impossible for Eriglislimen
not to pay a tribute of adrniratiori. (Heai.)
Still they had no right to force that CUllSlll__U -
tion on the people of Portugal, if they were
unwilling to receive it-—ifthere were fair and
correct opinions opp-osed'to it. Internally let
the Portuguese settle their own affairs, but
with respect to e2'tteriial‘force,whilc G.i5ritaiti
had an arm to raise, it should be wielded in
the defence" of Portugal, against" the efforts
ofany Power that ‘attempted to’ coiitroul the
Without _
eirteriiiginto tlie-questioii, whetlier the pro- _
ceediirgnliich had lately been permitted was
an act of the Spanish Govt. proceeding with
foresight-—&r. without forestglit no gov’t. could
operatefor the good ofthe people--or the effect
olstirrie secret factious powenuverpoweiing the
Spat-llsll Councils, which it had defied in the
capital and disobeyed on the frorrtiers, he
It was indifferent
to Portugal, and iudiffereiit to England,
whether the present state of things was the
result of the intrigues of a l'actiun.over‘ivhicti,
if the Spanish Governtrient had no control, it
ought to assume one as soon as possible, or of
a‘ body over‘ whom it had control, and for
whose acts tlierefore it wasresporzsible. It mat
tered not front which of these causes arose.--
In either cases Portugal must be protected. It
Wk-'Ul(I be unjust to the Spanish Gov’t. to say
that it was ainorigthe members of that bodyori-
!_tt‘hat an uncotiquerable hatred ofltberal insti-
tutions existed. It appeared to exteridjfartlier.
This hostility of feeling was in a_ measure to
be ascribed to the more liberal’ institutions
which prevailed in theneigbboring kirigdoui,
and it did notrequire the authority or influ-
ence of the’ Govertiment to incite t'tit.se seiiti- -
merits and principles into action, which were
the natural result ofthe atitipatliywliich ex-
isted between the two countries; in one of
which freedom was cherished whilst the other
hugged its servitude. Such, in fact, was the
origin of the ditfereiices b_e_tween Portugal 252.
Spain, which had been nietbodized, Vbrought
3-mo acrwn, and disseminated ‘through the-
whole mass of the cotumutitty; for those seri-
fimems or anitriosily prevailed quite as riiucli
amongst the peopie themselves as amongst the
gnvgemmg, It might be that the goveriiiiieii:
ufsp-,ij‘n had not saiictioiied these olieirsive
measures that its vigtlaticemiglit have oeen
suspended, or MS’ confidence betrayed, that
tltosesteps had not been taken with its con-
(‘.U‘l'fl:!lCe,-I)l1I.?1g.-lllsl its directions. If soon
had been the case.-tliere was still time lot it to
repent and riiqke reparation i‘ for the measures
we proposed to adopt were only for the de-
fence anti protection or Portugal, and not
rrect-.ssarit_v tor the riiaritng war against Spdltr.
At rue tinr. when it great descrtiuri took place
fr. i "tn Portugirese army into Spaiii,-arid on the
Q,-,,..,’t.»and, fit; it the Spanish ariiiy iiiio Por.
i‘tt._:_~1n.re Git‘.-'!_'l'nll)L‘Ill. or thelatter couirtr.y,at

{;i|,=' .' '-'-nest ’c'~.'iv‘!C€,l'f:f.l!5t:d to give any eiicour
a;-_::.. tilfo t.».t: Spa-rit.ir'trs to dost‘ rt ;— but, on
tlr.-. ::o:itrary, ‘s‘s’i'l".lit*\rt:l‘ they had an opportu-
 .-..warys drt-rrtrttmged the desertion of the

5-. '-sh soldrc-'9. 8:. al'tcrwards,'wlieuatrea-
‘j— - ;s cnI.‘t’Ctl . Hr !.riiw_een two countries, by
' thxj. _..u1;.red- for the giving up;

_u
-.

W; 2: .-I
or ,1 ;;.-,erte. ;. .trgal, either acting uirder our

sistiirg that the soldiers who had i('I-8i8l'f6V(I.l‘.l"f|l‘I!
he‘_i"arti'ty sliould hegivcntrp to ‘liar, merely
re_'qtri_red tire "restoration of thotratjms valid . e

quipmbiits; wheijeas _Spaio, ,af_'t_'er A inakuig
trr~,ati‘e‘s,’n‘ot "only with Portugf.i,l',,bttt'al'80'W|tlt

France a_'iid this coiiritry, lrad broken there:
all,-— she had entered into engagenients one
day,.antl violated them the next;she had suf
fer‘-ed '....i._.iir.§m;ding,ht‘:i undertaking to the
contrary, trtiobs to be trained out for this ex
tradition"; il‘tli’e fault really did not rest‘ with
her, _it be'cairre her ‘to render this apparent, by
rriakjiig 'r'e'pai'atiou. _

[The "t-euiaiuder of the Speech was given
in sdbstrince in our last.)

Sir R. Wilson was glad-at the course that
had beeirtesolved. The invaders had Span-
ish arms in their hands. It was an effort to
expel British influence. It had been men
tioned as iftlierc were room for repentance.

All had taken place under the sanctlon ofthe
Spanish Court. It was a nititzkery to talk of
faith with Ferdinand, who signed an artinesty
at Cadiz, stating that itwas the dearest act of
his heart, before the ink was dry, that same
I4‘erdiharid signed a most dreadful prnscrip-
tion. As long as the French troops remained
in Spain and Cadiz, the aid of France was in
reality given. We were bound to require that
France sliot_ild- withdraw her troops fr. Spain:
which, left to its own means, would never
think of such daring aggressions. He was
for the contest-—and whatever might ' be the
result, ifdisaster instead oftr‘itimpli,he should
be preparer? to takehis share ofit.

. Mr. Htime was opposed to the measure
brought forward by Mr. Canning. and consid-
ered the ministry were about to plunge this
country into a war most rashly. He moved
therefore that the subject be postponed for a
week. and that a call of the house he made.
Mr.'Wood, of Preston, seconded the motion.
when Mr. Baring observed, that a motion for
adjournment had been oflered, and that too,
with as little ceremony as if the subject was
on a ttrropilte roarlbill. He was still more
stirpriscd to find that .VIr.Hume’s motion had
been seconded. lle (Mr. Barina)had listened
with great attention to the Rt. Hon. Gentle
man (Mr. Canning. He felt that the country
would go along with the government, and
that would secure adequate ‘means. If the
Government did not pursue stich course. it
would become al)S0lIlIel_VCOf)lt‘lll}')llI)l8. After
hearing the Rt.-Hon. Gentleuiari’s speech--
hziving given to it his ut.rnost possible atten-
tion, even with rt wisli to find liitri wrong-—to,
find some means of evasion—-some means of
escape from the cont.-lusious and argtiments
of the Rt. hon. Geiitlernau—he confessed that
from the beginning to the end of the Rt. hon.
Gcntlcman’s brilliant speech, he hail heard
nothing that rrotrld enable liitu to fratrie an
uxcrtse for diffvring from him. (Cheers.)

Mr. Brougham said, he could not give a si
lent vote after the part he had taken He did
not doubt the motives ofthe ameudrneut—bot
to approveofit he cotild not. He wislretl war
could be avoided ; he wislierl he could see
‘tow it was to be avoided. Then he should
wave a mind more cqnableto listen to the cal-
culations about cost; but there were ' times
when i would be equally disgraceful to indi-
vtduals and governments,to hesitate and com-

"prite items. The treaties were biiiding——they

could not be avoided; but the Treaty was
termed irriprovideut. That would, have been
.i good‘ argument in l8l5 ; lint it ougbt not to
be made now; (_Hear.) Ii wasimpossible to
deity the force of the obligatioiis‘. If they
were violated, wlini would henceforth be said

'ofus ? Why, that we kept no faith ; that it

was useless totreai with us; that we brulre
our treaties whenever it suited our purpose.
And how ctiuld we deny its act-iirircy ? The
argument was preposterous. He was aston-
ished to hear from his I-Ion. friend, Mr.Hume,

thatwesliould forfeit our natioiial faith because

otir finances were not in a state to go to war.
Even ifthe country were williiig to suliiiiitto
the degradation, the qiiestioii was, whether for
a precariotis disgraceful postponement ofwar;
they would incur‘ the ccrtriirity ofnieeting it
with loss of cliaracter. (Hear, hear.) And
they would find that the risking a small suiii

interest, by preve‘ntingf a.war that vvnuld be
infinitely more expensive. (Hear.) He was
one ofthose who held that we were bound

to keep the peace; btrt even if the present
measure should fail, in preventing war, now
that we had suclitruly English feeling gover-
ning otir foreign affairs, and avotvedly the or‘-
gaii ofour Govlerriment, we had a bulwark
which, ifit did not enable us to meet the world
iirarms, made it eriiinently improbable that
we should ever have that world to meet in
arms. ‘ . - _

Mr. Bright said the meastire he feared,
must be considered preparatory to an exteti
sivewar. He had read the treaties referred
to by the Rt. Hon. Gentlemari,(Mr. Canning.)
and did not think that they bore his interpre-
tation: There was no evidence that Spain
was waging war with Portugal ;and if there
was,the treaty bound us to wage war with
Spain with all our might, which we were not
going to do. We were rrierclv going to take
military possession of Portugirl,in the riiariuer
of an armed neutrality.

Mr. Secretary Caimiug.——I do not intend
to occupy'tlie house with it reply, btit there
have been two or three objections taken by
Hon Gentleineu wliiclilsli-inld be sorry to
leave tinanstvered I admit I titiderstated the
case against Spain—-I did so purposely-—I did
so decidedly. I wished to show no rriore of
her conduct than tvris sufiicient to establish
the castis l'tnrle'ris, btit not to state so much as
would make it impossible for Spain to avoiil
war. The honorable Gcntleiriati who spoke
last, wishes, i:.r his great love for peace, to do
that which would make war ltleVI.5il)lS. He
would not interfere irow——he wotild wish to
tell Spain,. “ you have not done enough to
rotrse iis-—you have given no cause oi'of-
lerrce-—I think nothing of your hovering over
rriy frontiers-—I think nothing ofyour coming
in arms, ofyour iavagitig my plains, and car
rying destrtictioti into my cities-'-I think no
thing ofyour collecting knots of conspirators,
and of your supplying them with food, cloth-
ing, and ariris-notliing of your Il'a'llllri-,-__

jttiein,strpplyitrg them with Spanish stores.

and ofyoiir sending. thetri into Portugal. l
willr'not' stir for all these things ; but, in order
tokeep the peace‘ of Europ‘e',wlii'cli I so'de‘arl_y
love, I call‘ on you’ to make a decla'ra't'rori oz

‘war, and‘ then I'll come and fight you.”-,-—.

(Latighten) That is the: efi'r=ct ofthe Hon.
Membe:"s speccli——t.lrat his cintrivatice 

r'r_.jcoiir:irer.-tiation-, or according to her Impflse,

keep the peace... _'1"he more "clumsy contriv-

A

Spariisu_aiithdrities that they were . known to
meditate disturbances in Porrirgnl. His Maj.

I Ministers said to them-—'“ Betvareof your

llmcfiedittgis,-for we are sure to avenge __vntli
'38“-I3 2‘ it Will ht’ for you to determine if the
present mistinder-ianding shall’ and in, open
hostilities.” In the mea mime the qriecrion is
0P9" 15 3")’ means of rjeconcilement ; and
whether Ministers or the Hon. Gentlaman are
right-whotlrer we,otight iii hav.e_ endeavored
to obtain the grand olijéct of his cliivalrous
lttiagiiiation, it trial ofthat question upon a
‘fillet’ fit‘-Id. andin a listed ' battle-.—-ifit was
’‘{‘*llY 00? dilly, as we ourselves apprehend, to
‘"9 the disorder in the bird ; or if, according
to the hon. Gentlethan. we ought to let it
g'_0W tip to rnirttirity. in order to mow it down
With the more magnificent scythe of war, I
leave the house to deterriiiiie‘. (Latizblet
and cheers.) An amendment has been made
ttpon the original proposition, and it has been
justified by a reference to a declaration WllI(‘ll
I made some years arm; when I stated, that
it would be exceedingly onerous for this corin-
"Y I0 engage in war-—which declaration has
been supposed to be inconsistent with the
measure which Iiiow propose. The variation
between the two cases upon" which I ground
the dllfefenceiof conduct, is that, in the one
instance I maintained that war was to be avoi-
(led: When we were not obliged to engage in
it ; whereas, in the present case, I say, that
unless it can be adverted by seasonable de-
monstrations on the pan ofrhis country, war
cannot be avoided. It has been suggested,
‘hat the Foreign Enlistment Act might be re-
llealed 0“ the present occasion,and Mina and
his associates be enabled to rush to the con-
'€53s and by that means obviate the effect of
the aggression upon Portugal. Believintz.
Sir, as I_ do, that such a measure would entail
the heaviest calamities. upon that country, I
cannot consent to give it my cotintenmice. I
3"‘ lead)’ to admit, sir, in the first place, that
the Foreign Enlistment Bill was passed prin-
cipally at the instigation of Spain, and that
that Bill operated more in her favotir than in
that ofany other European Power. In the
"ex! Plttcé. Iam ready to admit. that the
whole conduct ofSpaiii has been to do directly
towards Portugal, those acts, which Spain
earnestly implored Great Britain tr- take away
from British subjects the power ofdoing to-
wards her.

I, Sir, for one, should be extremely sorry to
be driven, whatever acts Spain mav be guilty
of, to have recourse to that most larnentable
and disastrous mode of warfare. Another
point has been touched upon by an honorable
member, who said “ Instead of repealing the
Foreign Enlistment Bill, call tiporr France to
withdraw her armies from Spain.” There
are, Sir, so many considerations connected
tvitli that subject, that they would carry-me
beyond what iris necessary to state upon the
present occasion. It is enough now to state,
that I do not know how the French army can
beemployed to promote the views ofSpain.
I believe the effect ofthe presence of the Fr.
army in Spain. is the protection rather than
otherwise of that very party, to put down
which. the aid ofthat army was called in ;—-
and that niv firm belief is, that the first and
imiriediate conseqttciice ofthe witlidrawal of
that army. at a niomeut ofexcitement. would
be the letting loose___oftliat party ra2;e.ofwliicli
the partv, least in nnmlrers, would be the vic-
tims. But when it is stated that the presence
ofthe French artiry ' Spain, has entirely al-
tered the relative situations of France and
Great Britain. anti that France is thereby
raised. and Great Britain lowered, in the eyes
of Etrrope. I must beg leave, most litrttibly,
to give my dissctit to that proposition. The
House knoWs—-the country knows-——thtit when
the French army was on the point ofcntering
Spain. that I, in coniruon with the other incin-
bers of his Majesty’s Government, dirl all in
my power to prevent it; that we did resist.and
that we were triost anxious to resist it, by ev
ery means short of war. VVe did not ‘think
the entry ofthat army into Spain a sriflicient
grotind for war on the part ofthis country ;-—
and that. sir, for various reasons-and, among
others, for this, that whatever effect a war,

now would probably be repaid with compound .commc-noed tipon the mere ground of the en-

try of ‘-I French army into Spain may have.
the effect it would not have, would be this—to
net that army out of Spain. I again repeat,

over, under heavy recognizances by our debt, ,that a war, entered into for the express pur

pose ofgerting the French army out of Spain,
would defeat the object wished to be obtained.
Whoever heard, in the whole history of wars
between European powers, of a war between

obtaining ofthe exact, the identical, object
for which the war was begun? The most
exaggerated importance has always, in my
opinion, been attached in this cotrutry to the
contieirion between France and Spain. I ask

the house to look back to the time of Anne,
—wheu_tlie question ofthe associatioriofFrauce

and Spain was agitated. Iask the House to
look‘ back to the votes of Parliament at that
period, where they will find, that the Parlia-

ment had voted that no peace cotild be made
bettveen the two countries, whilst Spain re

triairred in the power of France ; or, rather,
whilst a Bourbon sat upon the Throne of
Spain. Look to the exaggerated apprehen

sious ofthose days, and see how they have
been realized: look back to the state ofSpaiu
in those days-—look at her when she was a
most formidable pntver—wheu she was a

power ofsucli strength, as to threaten to blow

tip the whole world. Look at her in those
days, and you will- see that England was then
fixed in a nook oflihat Spain—-that -our pos-
session ofthe Rock of Gibraltar was cotem-
porary with those exaggerated appreliensioos.
I do not believe, Sir, that the daiiger which
cotild accrue from the possession of Spain by
F-ance. to be so great as it is l'€pi8S8llI.e(Ia-
Spain now, is not what Spain was then.-—

\Vheie can we now find that Spain, in the
map ofthe world, which was to have swallow-
ml up the power of maritime Englarid ?' Do
we not still retnaii: in a hook ofthat same
Spain.-—‘Gibraltar; where we have settled at
a period cotitemporatieous with those fears,
holding a firm andtinshalten occupation tip
to this hour P And where, now, is that nation,
which “ wasto have shaken us from‘ our
sphere ? That Spain, ofthe old map was, be
it reniembereil, the Spaiii, within the limits of
whose empire the sun never set—-‘it was Spain
with the Indies——wliere willl you find her
umv ?” fCh'eers.) When the Frericli army
1--rrtered’ into Spain, we might, if we chose,
have resisted that measure by .1 war; but, Sir,
it we had resistedit by a war, that war would
.'=r.' be a w_:rr_errtered into for the same object
,for which the wars ofotber days were under-.

I

two great nations having been coded by the ~

inslead of reipririug ‘e’ntir‘e salisfa.k>ti6tI’,abti il5- lance Governiiient has _ been, icrwaru the ‘ taken ; that war tvotrid notrliave been a war‘-

for the restoration ofthe balance of power.-—'
0ther_means’sh'oiild be resorted to for tit.
purpose if necessary. The balance of powe'
in Europe varied as civilization advasicefi,
and new nations sprung up i_n Europe. Our-
hundred years ago, France, Spa_in, the Neil‘.-
erlaods. and perhaps Austria, constituted the
btlance ofpower. Within the next thirty
years Russia started up. Within the following
thirty years. Prussia became a power of im-
rrienseimportance, and thus the balance of
power, and the means of preserving it, were
enlarged. I admit. sir, that the entry of a
Ffellch flttfiy into Spain was a disparageinent
to Great Britaiii—-was a blow to the feeling.-
oftliis country. I do not stand up here to
deny that fact. One ofthe modes of redress
was, by a direct attack tipou France--by a
war upon the soil of Spain. The other was
to make their possession’ ofthat country‘ harm
lessin rival harids—io make it worse than

The latter mode I have adopted. Do you
think, that, for the tlisparageiuent of England.
we have not been’ compensated? Do yotr
think, that, for the blockade of Cadiz, Ens
lanrl has nol been ftill_v compensated. I looked
sir, at Spain by another name than.Spaiu. I
looked upon that power as Spain and the Iti-
dies. I looked at the Indies, and there I have
called a new world into existence, and thus
redressed the balance of power. (Loud con-
lltlttetl Chet’-tilt!-) I redeemed the movement
ol'France, while I left her own act tipon her
unrriitigated and riuredressed, so, thatIbe
lieve she would. be tliatikful to liaverelief
froru the responsibility ofher assumed tinder-
taking, and to get rid of a burden which has
become too bitter to be borne without coni-
plaint. Thus, Sir, I answer the question of
the occupation of Spain by the Army of
France. That occupation is an unpaid, an
uuredeetned burthen to France. lsay, that
France would be glad to get rid of the posses-
sion of Spain. I say, sir, that France would
be"very glad ifEiiglaud were to assist her to
get rid ofthat. possession. I say that the only
way to rivet France to the possession of Spain
is, to make that possession a point of honour.
Ibelieve, sir, there is no other point tipori
which -it is necessaryto trouble the House with
airy explanation. I believe no other poiirt
has been adverted to by those Hon. Members
who have so unequivocally and honotirably
supported this iriotioii, and I sliotild be tin-
grateful for their support ifI were to detain
the House with a single observation more
than is absolutely necessary. (Hear, hear.)
The object oftliis measure is not war. f_Loiid
cheers.) I repeat, Sir, tliattlie object ofthis.
measure is not war. The object of this mea-
sure is to take the last chance of peace.-
(Coritiuued cheers.) If England‘ does not
promptly g§to the aid of Portugal, Por-
tugal will be trampled irpon._ and England

will be disgraced, anti then war will
come, and come, too, in the train of
degradation. If we wait tintil Spain

have courage to ripeti her secret machinations"
into opeti hostility, we shall have war--we
shall have the war ofthe pacificritors. and who
can then say when that war will t-rid. ('I‘he
Right Hon. Gentleman sat down amid loud
cheers.)

In cotisequence ofthe remonstrances to the
Spanish government by the foreign Miiristers
tipon the assistance given to the Portuguese
rebels, the Secretary of State, upon the order
of Ferdinand addressed tlietn a note,declariiig
that the King had used his utmost exertions
to prevent the occurrences, and experienced
the greatestcliagriu in conseqnence——that ht-
liatl ordered the restoration to tire Portuguese
gov't. ofthe arms brought into Spain by the
Refugees, and that the Refugees had been
sent Bu leagues into the iiite.i'ior by the Chpl.
General, bordering on the Provinces of Por-
tugal. He had also ordered them not to re
ceive any more deserters from Portugal, but
to re-jconduct them to the frontiers, and made
his generals individually responsible for the
execution ofliis orders. His ,\’laje~‘ty hoped
that these measures would satisfy England 81
Portugal of his desire to promote the tratiqui
lity which Etirope at present eiijuyed.

If it is possible to suppose that ‘ Ferdinand
is sincere in these declarations, all idea of war
is at an end. It is however, stated, and pro-
ved,that whole regiments of the rebels had
been and were still protected, provisioned and
armed, by the Captains of the provinces bor-
dering on Portugal.

VVe copy from the Philadelphia Gazette.
the following letter fr. Gen. Paez to Bolivar’s
sister. dated at Valencia, Decemder l5tlr.—
Copies ofthe satire letter have reached this
city, from sources that leave no doubt of its
authenticity.

Miss M. A. Bolivar,

My esteemed friend, Don Ybarra, is here
on his return fr. the fulfilment of his r:omriiis-
sion, having left the Liberator at Bogota
wliencehe intended to depart for _Venezuela
on the 25th of November.

I consider him now in our neighborhood 8:.
I feel anxious for the high gratificaiions and
jubilee we shall enjoy in the embraces which
we shall give him.

He corms altogether with a Veoezuliau
heart, 8:. as a true native ol°Carticcas. By our
measures he says that we have avoided many
rnisforturies. It will not be in- my power to
riiariifest the very high‘ satisfaction this af-
fords me. Nothing afforded him more S.'lll5-
faction than the mission of Ybarra, who
comes as Generzil ofBt3gade.- -In this grade
the Liberator has estimated his coriiiriissiori.
Make this news. as generally ltnowti as you
can, as being ofthe most gratifying nature &
that no person needs entertain the smallest
fears." Iatri the guarantee of this assurance,
and Iliastcu to convey it to you in anticipa
tion, that you and all the natives ofVeneztiela
may rejoice much as I do. Let all be coti --
teutineot, pleasure and rejoicing on the arri-
val in his native soil of the Liberator of his
country. Receive an embrace for this most
‘delightful news, together with the pleasure
and respect of your most attentive and olmtlt
.eiit servant. Signed PAEZ

We learn‘ by late advices fr. Coquimbo that
the English Mining C‘oiripatii'es were fail
ing in‘ their business. One ofthe C'ompaiiie--
Bills to'a large amount had just been returned
-protested, in consequence of which the put»
chaser had seized every vestige of property.
which was soon to be sold.--Host ofthe pew
ple ulio caure out from England to work the

harmless, to-make it injurious to the possessor. .

Capt. Hufcbens, of tlie. -brig Midas. ffOff‘I_
Rirnlarieiro.rcportstliata few days before
r.- s:tiled.a tVlid§liipmari_of the U. S. ship
Cyane, who was superinlending some work-
-uen from the ship, in making or repairing a
‘Hist, whilst renroristrating with the press-
ing against the impressnient of Arriericatt
ramen, was violently assailed by the_r-.om-
-randant ofthe Arsenal, by a blow which
~r:-arly felled him to the ground ; he instéiitly
--turned the compliment, and laid his assail-
- to at his feet. Dtiring this affray the press-
;-mg arrived with muskets, bayouets, &.c. at-
.rcked the midshipman bi. beat him severely.
hieut. Levy, lst ofthe Cyane, who. came to
'.lie scene ofcouflict, was also wounded by the
oayoriets of the press-garig. Capt.Hutcliin’s
-miter afld 4 men were pressed by the gang;
and the’ captain of a brig belonging to New
Yorlr, was taken by these marauders, and car-
ried beyond the suburbs of the town ; all 0'!‘
rticm, however, were subsequently released.

Tur7.‘e_7;.—Executions continue . in Con,‘
stantinople. Above 6000 were decapitated
and many thousands drowned, between the
l8tli of October and the 18th ofNovernber.——~
The Divan holds daily meetings, at which, it
is supposed.‘Mr. S. Carmiiig’s proposal rela-
tive to the Greeks‘ is discussed. V -

In a table lately published, itiri shevvn that
the British trade with the United States, in‘
l825,aniountcd' to 11,066,893; and" that it
employed 182.1033 tons of Anieriéan ship-
ping, and 37,852 tons of British shippitig ;-n
valuable trade mostassiiredly,tl1otigli a irruclt
larger share ofthe benefits accruing fr. it rest
with the Americans than with us. In the
same year, the trade with our own colonies,
viz the W. Indies, Nova Scotia, New Bruits-
wick and Canada, amounted to the enormottb
sum of £l6,693,7.~§3l sterling, and gave em-
ployment t..- t;47,068 tons ofBritish shipping.
This amounts t- early one third of the entire
English merchant shipping employed on for-
eign voyages.—-Liverpool paper.

CONGRESS.

 

the dtrties on imported wines, teas,giinpowder
and salt, was read a second time. The bill to
increase the salary ofthe Post Master Gerr-
eral, was, after sortie discussion, ordered 0..
third reading. The bill to establish air uni-
form system of banltruptcy,tlirougliout the U.
States, was made the special order of the day
for Monday next.

The House was engaged in the discussion
of the bill to provide for the officers and so!-
diers ofthe army of the Revolution. The.
qrretsion was taken by ayes and noes, on the
iiiotiou of Mr. Tuciter,‘ which was negativcti
by a vote I06 to 80. Mr. V5/ickliffe their
moved to introduce the words “arid the heirs
and representatives ofthose ti ho have died ;”
and on this question the ayes and titres were
orderetl,but before the‘ question was takeu,tli'e
House adj.——.N'ut. Jour. ,

On Saturday,the Speaker laid before the
House a cointnunication from the State De,-
partment,trarisriiiting the information requjred
by a resolution of the Honse,.on the subject of
the Patent Office. It‘ appears, the total a-
mount of moneys received in the Treasury of
the U. States for patents from the lst of Jan.
ratio to the lst-ofJriu. 1327, is $129,860, of
which ainouut the respective sums of 83,940..
8.’. 39.490 were paid in during the last 2yera<.

In the Senate, on Monday, the bill to irr-
crvase the salary ofilie Postmaster General
32,000, ‘"19 passed, 3510 10.

In the House, ii petition from Citizens of
\]arylantl,tlrat an appropriation may be made
for at polar expedition,w-as referred to a comm.

A report was received from the Secretary
of State on the subject of iinpressnients of
American seamen, by British cornmanders.
It appears by this report, that a correspond-
ence has taken place with the British minister
relative to the alleged iinpressrneiit of two
Vseilrllell from the brig Pl.uros, of Boston, at
the Cape de Verd Islands. Mr. Vaughan
has stated that his government has given the
properurders forinvestigating that affair.—-
No other instance ofimpressiiient was known
to the department, except one stated in it re~
cent despatcli from Mr. Rtrgtiet.

The House was occupied in the renewed
discussion on the bill to provide for the survi-
ving officers and soldiers of the army of the
revolution, when the aruendruerit proposed by
Mr. Wickliffe. to include the heirs and repre-
sentatives ofthe officers who have died, was
carried by a vote of I01 to 80.

On Tuesday, motions to lay thejbill on the
table and to postpone it to the 3d of March
were made and lost,and it was finally referred
to the cotirm.of the whole,the object being to
increase the appropriation. The house-‘was
informed that $602,480, beinghalf the sum.
the Br. gov’t. has agreed to pay under the lat
art. of the Treaty of Ghent,‘ has been rec’t1.

On Wednesday and Tliursday the House
Spent much time on the bill to increase the
duty on woollens, but adj. early on the little-'
day to give the members an opporttiiiiiy of
assisting to check the fire which was then ra-
ging with great fury at Alexandria. [This fire
was not subdued till it had destroyed tie-ir
liiilftlie city. It broke out in a cgbiiiet tria-
ker’s shop, and cotiitiiiiiiictttetl to =ttl}UH=“=L’.
buildings, and ilieiice spread tivur st.-vi-rot
streets. Between 80 and 90 houses arid stores
were co|]5[)n)etl_ Ltiss esllmuletl at 3l.‘)0,flU!.L
Mr. Miner has moved air appropriirtion of
3t0,000 by Congress for the relief ofthe satir-
ferers. ‘

Extract of 3 letter L» the editors ofthe B if i’-
more American, from a member ot'U.i.i'-

gress, datetl Washington, Jan. 3!.

“ The committee on Commerce will, it i‘-v
believed, next tveek, report on-so ltrut ii. of!
the President’s tiiessa‘.-_:e, at the opening of
Congress, as relates to the present state or the
Britisri colonial trade. The prriliibitiorr iii
the United States by the Br. Goverriineirr. its
carrying on the trade of their colonies tind-
their depeiirleircies by Acts of Porlia mm,
and more recent Orders in Council, will bet
met, like for like. It will their rest with was
Goveriitncnt, to irieet the United States upon
liberal and eqtiitablc grounds, as have ‘amen
offered repeatedly. The l1l0l‘lUpl)ll5lng ~plt'lS

.;,r;har goverriineut and people, we Itdvt‘ ti..-err

:.oinbattirig for more than lialfa century..-
from which iiiconvenierices have accr'it-t:'l,i.tir£-
UIIICII always happen, in a greater or lt:.‘mCV
it-gr-ee, frotri the changes in. the regoi mans
iftradc. The n?1Vl~,J_,t1lltr‘_L "interest or this

up.

wines were returning‘ back.‘ __

In the Senate, on Friday, the bill to redt.ic?s~ '

country iriustb-5 tiiainta_ine_t.l.--it as csseo“:..-..- .o ,,

bi‘
i;~

 

' "Urns