. I
5} <>< -.~::»<- <.:~<' .-<
“:unr._-gr
WHOLE NO. 455.
so
El-<><><_:<><:-3:,-;:</;-:.' .~.: -<-.:-:“;.‘-\’><'>a><><,,
. PUBLISH!-‘.D BY
S. W. BENEDICT. _
TER_ug,._']‘tvo Dollars perannurn, payable
Quarterly. Mail subscribcrsin advance. .
Aovr-:rt'risi«:m:.y'i‘s, less than a square, 75
cents; a souare, :31 00, fm‘ three inst“-l‘ll0n‘Sv
z.::.:?<3s;;:f>:£><2-\<.><::':-=;,if‘ . - .:-r:>~:’>=:.&
gacntra. ¥§§arit.ti.=ar5, $5:
IIJIRVICY E. .H01"T .
No. 2, East part of Jllain-Siiteet,
A ESPEC"t‘FUI_.Lr' at-.qu.iint.~ his friends
and the public generally, that he still
continues to m-.itiuf-acture in thr V(‘t_V lit-st
manner, SADDLES, BR,lDLES. HAR-
NESS, TRUNKS, CAPS, POR’l‘MAN
TEAUS, HOLSTERS, and VALICES;
together with every other article in his line of
business. -
He has also for sale, '\Vliips, S,pu|"~'-
Sleigh Bells, and a very choice selectionof
Brass and silver plated, potted. "ml Jilllalled
I13,-d "§';}fe, Buflfalo 1{'tl)PS, 3130. $16. allot
which may be obtained oti as moderate terms
as at any similar estitbiishnicut.
*** Old articles promptly attended to.
VVanted, C./3TTLE’S HJIIR.
Nor-wallt. Jan. Qd, 189.7.
STE.-\‘»l BHAT LINE.
Stages every clay, Sundays excepted for
Sawpitts, Stctmford, Nurwal/5, and
Bridgeport.
45. '
nxu~.¢ii.{£m&
r‘"t.;i,; it.-at-e.-.is4t.t‘tite .‘5t<:uu Boa» JOHN
_E_ _‘,'[A1{§‘,H;\LL have (‘,titlli!lt3flCt‘d run-
ning a daily ‘Line of ST/tGF.S tltiriii.‘-K ‘he
winter st-asnn, as follows, viz.
Leaving Z -cttaiinli \'ie:tu’s, 9.3 B<)\W=l'_V. 0|‘
Parr-ott 8L Kir_k’s, 5-3 ‘Viullicrry street, N. Y.
every (lay, at 9 .'i’clriclt, A. M.
Leaving, i-lorace Cook's 'i‘.tverii. t,"0rW3ll<a
((‘,,,,,) at 7 ,,’c|n(;l;, A_ ‘bl. Captain Peter
K-t:ipp’s. Stzimfortl, at 8 n’cloclt, A. M-
Llfl/"IS ./WLLDRI‘ & S0» ",
DE..A.PE.i§RS~ £1. TAIEGRS;
5 AVE just _recevve.I -from New York a
i: new supply of Fall and Winter Goods,
wh,ct, make, lhrif assortinciit very extensive,
and will be offer-.d to the Public on lower
teriits than usual. t
Among their assortment may be found-—
Extra super black, bltite, olive, claret, drab,
Oxford and steellniixt Broad Cloths _.
Cassiiiieres and Satlnflls
Devoiishire Kcrsey
Browit and blue Catiiblet _
Tartan and Carolin».-. Plaid (very loiv)
Green Billzc‘ Flaiinels
Vi,-stings, a choice selection
Black’ big», green and drab silk Velvet
Taliliy do (l0 d0 (l0
Lovamine, fight and plain
Boinbazette, do do
Black and drab Ratiuett Calicoes
Imported and American Gingtianis
(_‘,amb;.c, Jactilleil, book and Swiss iiicsli-us
Bleached tst. unbleached Sliirting bi. Sheeting
Batidanoc, flagg, and fancy silk hdlifs
Checks and Ticks
Hosiery, a good assortment
Woodstock Gloves
Ladies beaver and borseskiii do
do kid,some at is. the pair
A large supply of the best Tritiimings
l-‘ui Seal and Nutria Collars
Hooks and rings; cloak clasps and great coat
buckles, 8:0.
These, together ..with a great variety. not
herein mentioned will be sold uiicoutmoiilgt
low. Also, ready made Cloilting on hand
A
l and for sale cheap. Work d_one at short notice
"ind in the best style.
Groceries and Crockery, a good assortment
Persons desirous of purchasing good and
cl-.9-..p goods, will plrase call at the old stand
of Lewis Nlallory 6L Son, East end Main-st.
N,)r\\allt, Or.t0l)t‘4r 36
Boards, Shingles, 820.
. STREET 6!. 5’A.3VEE.'lS '
44
Fare to S.t\l/pills‘, . . . 5 00
G"“el1\VICll . . -4 .1 95
Statiiford . ._ . 1 50
Norwnllt . - - 9- U0 -
Britl«_{t*pt)t't . . - 3 00
All B;ig_g;tgc at the risk of its respective
owners.
N. l}. This being the most spletitlid Line
on this Road, and having careful and expari
en.-,erl drivers. Pa:-seiiaers may ride with case
and more titan rtrrlinary safety.
Jaiiuary 6. i827 46
Old nine of Stages, from New York by,‘ the
way ofStamfui-d and .\’orwu.lk. to l)anbur_t/.
. __t-‘,-_;;g 3,1 75 cit .; tnro’ni one day:
3- .—é:.L—
-» 2" s %-.”.7
",5 E the Subscribers, vi sh to inform the
' Public that we have cninttit-iiccd run-'
niug a Line of S'l‘AGl.-IS, to inet-t GRIFFE-.\‘
8: f)ni~:LL. at Staiiifortl, as follows:
L'*7l\’cs A. Hoivaitifs. hr». 18 Bower)’. N-'
Ymk, ,.,,.,.., Tm-.:n';.y, Tliurstlay. St. baturtl.t_v.
at 9 -‘:’t.-lock. A. M. for Staiiifoid. ‘ltirivfllks 55
Da1\l)ury. Leaves Gt.-‘.It.':‘lIO.‘tI Nicuocs’ Dam
b.,,-,-_ at 3 o’c1(:ck. H. Wiiiimoctt.Norwall<.
at ‘i 'o’clock. EZRA K.\'ArP’s. -‘3*Hlnl.'>“l- 3
‘,0a,.,i,,Ck, A_ M_ 6,...-‘V ,\1oii..l.._y. Wetliiestlay, bl.
Fridav, and arrives in N. lurk at 3 ti’ClUClh
P. 31.‘ The suiiscrilicrs having i‘iNiVItlt’Il
good horses and cart'itigus,aiid c:trel'e' drivers,
solicit the ltatronaae of 'llf‘lf Fri:-ii-tls.
45 Ki=.i:1.i»:it. \\~’ni'i‘i.ocx be Co.
‘It-7'.;\v it. t,“ii.IAP t;s'i'.ttst.isti.i1t3N'i'.
HE S._ll‘iSCi'll)t’l'S haviu_ piirchasedzt good
.tSSOl”Ull6-ll of C.-\l{Rl.-\‘Url‘1S and
I1;\_}}{§§ES, gtillcll the pair--iuig_r ol their for-
nlrl‘ il‘l;~:.'2i-. ‘tr;-g .'rqtit:_\t iltttill 10 call HI the
. i , . . ,
house o: tll~.ZEl(lAH » IIt'1‘LOCKltit‘ alt)’ V1‘-'
HHJLE .ney n't.iy t-nous-.= lot convey-
a,,c,._ H, a,,-,- Part of the country, and they can
be aUt?t')llll1'i-ptlqq,-id on as reasoiitthle tertns as
at any nlliw Liv ry Stable in the county.
Trying is the Naked Truth.
KEELER, tit tll'1‘Ll)CK, 81. Co.
N0r\t‘alk, D ‘C. 19. 18526
‘IHE subscriber having the
age-ucy ofa Chair Mann
factory in New York. has Jlhl
' received a handsome assort
meiit of FANCY CHAIRS.
wliicli'-he offers for sale on as
gotitl terms as they can be
bought for in N. York. They
are warrartetl to be made of
. the best ofiriaterials and in the
best manner. It is his intention to keep n
constant supply On hand, and when an)’ P3"
ticular kind is ‘wanted wlticli he has not gpt ll
3,," he ;m,,,ed.;.iely ordered and procuret .—-
}iis Lhairs are made atone of ttte most re-
s ectable Factories in the city. .
P H. K. FROST.
Nnrwalk, August Q8. l3Q3- I
7' l‘ H E sub_s.-.riber offers for sale
a span of beautiful Bay
Horses, seven years old, well
in-ttched, and broke; speeuy
travellers. ENOCH S'I‘.JgKN.
. ._ .ita:iii,6lli Jan. l8Q7. SW46 50
~_...—_.__._.__—.——————---—-.-—-—',-'’‘'‘‘
nocsr s.a.:.-1'.‘ etc.
5539 BUS “iEl_;S very superior Rock Salt;
10311)-Ill-ll_lS Stilt Pvtre [Very cheilpll
150 barrels Cullal Flour,of dil’fei‘ent bfflllds
A quantity of stipcrior‘NTUSTABD _ _
A (pianlity ofthe first quality Box Raisins.
N. B. The above articles the subscriber
ofiers for sale at low prices.
Jouiy BURRALL.
-Norwalk, Dec. 7, 1826. 417.
~¥——-—--
50 Tons Plaster,
SALE‘ BY S. J. FROST.
r H
.-‘iVlg‘ for .5«|lE at lit 1: Y’a»d,'lie loltotving
l.\llltlS ol LUHBER, cheap. .
2300 000 very superior Catskill Shingles
102100 best warranted Albany do
15,000 feet lst ls: 2-! quality clear Boards
12.000 feel lst bi. 91d do do I I-4,
1 1-2, and 2 inch Plank.
20.000’l'eet first and 2d qu.tltt_t. Siding
30 (hit) ft. cointiion 8:. ntercin’lile Boards
400 yellow &L and unite pine Plank
,$i7.(l0 Scaiitliiig, bat: 8L0. .
The -,,br)ve Lumber is mostly seasoned, and
fir f »r use D-’=t'. 18. l8'26. 43
A 5 arm for bale
». the town of Btdlord, two
I miles east of the vilagee, con-
..:niug eighty acres,
with a
.. ,l..use 39. barn.
Said Faint has
qn . i‘ti|;tit[l()ll of meadow. plow, and
Foiliirtitei paiiiciilais ei.quiie
44 JOSEPH ~iiI.Lnit.
FOR. SALE
FAR.ti, coiuaiiiing about
104 acres of Land, lying in
. . New Canaan, about U\OI‘l1llE~
M... ..t . e met-titig house, and about 7 uiiles
from tire Landing, where IIlHl'l\f‘[ boats p|_t
alniostt-very day to N.York. On saitlFarn-
is a good two story dwelling ll‘0llS6, almost
. , . , . , ,
new ; also,‘a large barn. band B arm is welt
pmpomoned lor plow, meadow, pasture, and
wood Land, is very liatidsouiclji &._pleasaut‘.y
situated, lying on both sides of the road, and
is very compact, .1 well ofexcellent and never
failing water within a few feet ol the (l00l',Well
watered with springs. If said Farm is no'
disposed of before the 6th day ofillarcli next,
it will on that day be sold at public Veudtitz.
For further particulars inquire of the subscri
ber living on tlie‘premiSes-
44 \’ViLr.iAiti WEED.
N Canaan, Fairlielil (,‘ou.ity. Dr-r~.'l8.
{]:§='NE'\V BOOKSQH}
KE°l‘1_‘.:;lLLS ol‘ North Aiiicrtcnii Indians,
, Evols. 12 mo.; Picture of Greece, in
18025, 9. vols. 19 mo. ; English Life, or Mati-
ners at Home, in four Pictures,2_vols. 12 iiio.;
Stranger of the Valley, an AuicricauTale, 2‘.
vols. IQ nio.; Toiinewainte, or the Adopted
Son of America ; modern Travels, 2 vols. 12
mo. ;Fielding’s Journey 8t. Voyage ; HiSt0r.Y
ofthe. Pirates; (Jecil’s Sixty Narratives ;—
History ol’Gcorge Desmond; Peter Settle
mm], with Plates by Cruicksltauk ; Robbins’
Journal ;Durand’s Journal; Butler’s Hadl-
bras ; Musical Biogtapliy ; Buck's Theolog-
ical Dictionary; Pilgrim’s Progress; -
.tl’Fitigal——Key to Knowledge; Cowper’s
Poems ; Vlilton’s Works ; Magaziiie of Wit;
Sougstcr; Soiigstefls Compaiiion, just
iec’d at the Bookstore and Library South of
the. Bridge. ' ' P. Pl{IL»E.
N: rwalk, Jaiiuary 1,1827. 45
WELVE Boxes Window Glass
'20 dozen Knives and Forks
Glass Lanips
Brass stand Candlesticks
Pen and Jack Knives, very cheap
For sale‘ by S. J. FRO's'i'.
Lister Window ‘Glass-.
FE W boxes superior 7 by 9 UlsierGlass
just rec’d and for s.ile b_v
> STREET &t. JAMES.
(13:-‘~' REPAIRING.£:(}
WHE Subscriber takes this iiictliod to in-
form his friends and the public, that he
has cotnmenced his old business again, of_
cleaning and repairing, Brass and Wooden
CLOCKS. Also, GUNS will be repaired
at short notice. IRA HOY’I‘.
Norwallt, one mile from the Bridge, (east
side ilie River. ' 42:1‘
TROY ALE.
HE Stilisc--ibeis offer for sale by the bar-
rel a quantity offirst quality of TROY
ALE, at N. Y prices. S'1"REE'1‘ & James.
Norwalk. Dec. 18, I896. 3w 43
L
Wtiiifl ltltttl.
of the subscriber
OlL,—For sale by S. J. FROST.
, October 16.
l
R WALIL, 7', unity. TUES
Documents from ii.-e"Departnieii'tl'qf'Slate, tac-
companying the I’resideizt’s_f,liessage.)
Mn. (".r..u TO Mn G.t.Li.‘,it'i-x.~:‘—-Concluded.
It. is. now D8C€SSaS5lf}”l(f§l“I)|'_nibflflk to the
British act of Parlianienl of July l8Q5.—-
That act has never, to thisfiaionient, beenofi‘i-
cially comnitiuicaied to"th‘e American "Gov-
ernment by that of Great B_ritaiii,aiid it reach-
ed only us tltrongh other t'_l3n_rincls. , '
We did not ssuppose, whatever may;-bethe
general terms of its enactments, that, it was
until, at least, the cxperimcm of the reneived
negotiation should have faile_-‘J. VVe entertain.
ed that supposition betmtisc ootli parties, by
all their correspondence rill-ll public acts, ap-
peared to regard tiie negotiating as the means
ofsetliug the existing tlifl'er«.‘,t¢e. "*' ' _
This information to a-’t,‘<it-”:".L_;‘n ..;m'emm..m
could not be deemed iitireasoz..able in resp act
to an act of parliatneut, extra’ ti-,!y conipliéa-
ted, spread out into eighty-_.i.x sections,besides
various tables, and wliicfi’ :7-.-.9 accompimged
by a conteinporaneous I10!‘-,;f‘(-.‘,“'r’.illl,€,1 to the same
subject; also, contair.-iiig til} 1.. ans provisions,
&L both referring to otliér-a K,“ ofP-..'rlianient,.
the titles of some of which .' 'nrit even met.
ted. Not only was no stfcb ' formation eve,-
Colltmlmlcaletl. btit you \VlilE't‘.l‘C8lV8, from the
accnipanying correspondei. '~ with Mr. Vang.
ban in the last month, that. 't‘,5 to that time,
he was not 'pt‘0\'tl(lt*"d with 4 Attractions to af.
ford a satisfactory answe. to the inquiry.
wlietltt-.r,accordiiigto theBiit7:;li interpretation
ofthe act of PHrllflt't1enl.'!5!nerican Vesgelg
may trade between the Bl'l.""f,l Colonies and
foreign cnuniries,otlier than :5». U,,;;e,i King-
dom, in like manner with Br.ti-;.h vessels: and
whether all discriminating ,-Eerie; and i~,t§;,,g,.5
imposed citliet by the local ’ authorities or by
the British Prtillzlllwltl, bent can vessel: (yftiiig
United States and Britislivessels, have been
abolished.
1' ls ml the Object, in brirfging forward the
facts and observations wliicl;t'have been stat-
ed in vindication of the f\‘.'j'tPtlC'rll1 govern.
ment. to convey any i;epr'o:!lies against. that
Of Gmal Blllallla on acmiiiit of the late
unexpected resolution which it has taken.
These facts and observatitiiis. ho -. ever, shew
that itcught not to excite any surprise that
lll¢'.C0|'1Eress of the Unit‘.-Cl Slates declined
l"€"l*"l“"l‘=§ on a matter which it appeared to
them was both most fitting i.i itself, and pre-
f€|‘=6tl by Great Britain. to be settl- l by inti-
tnal and friendly arraiigeinent. ‘t“Vli‘cn de
llllemting on the only proposition which was
tnade during their last session, that or 3 sin)-
ple repeal 0" all discriniinat‘.;ng duties, which
it IWW appears would have been unavailiiig,
=1!-d '-‘rt-':ld have fallen far short of British ex-
- —<'.=-t‘ ~ vs, they were unaware that they were
siclhig llii ‘t: the pains and penalties of a
B""'-‘ll "91 Of Parliament‘ su‘;~_~i=iided river their
h_“‘_"l5 3 a non compliance with the Slrlcl con-
diiin us of which subjected the United States,
"(ll “"l.V l“ the forfeitiire of all intercourse
with the British Colonies, but was to he at-
lellded with the further conseqiieiice of ter-
minating all negotiations even between the
parties.
Iwill now proceed to a (‘O\’tSlI'l€rlllD[l of
‘he 5_l’9<'Jific conditions, required by the act of
Paflldmrtnt. the non-fulfilment of which is
llle l”""fe5-“ti around ofthe late British order
I!‘ Council. Tliese couditioiis are understood
to be coiitained in the fourth section of the
'!Cl, which begins by reciting,“ And whereas,
ll)’ lllfi law of navigation, foreign shins are
permitted to import into any of. the British
Wissessions abroad. from the cntiiitries to
which they lmlong, goods (he produce ofthose
€07"}l”t’8. and to export goods from such pos-
sessions to be carried to any foreign ctiiititiv
“'l"“l°"“l3 And Wltereas. it is expedient that
such permission should be siibjt-ct to certain
C0Nllll0nS.” It lh8l’lpl'OCePtlsl0 enact iii res
peci to r-niintries not having Colonial posses-
sions. " That the privileges thereby granted
to foreign ships shall be limited to the ships
ofthose countries (not having,C0|rmia| pas.
sessions) which shall place the commerce and
navigation of “this country. and of its pos-
388810718 abroad, ‘non the footing of the most
favou_retl nation unless his Majesty. by his or-
der in Council, shall. in any case. deem it
expedient to grant the whole or any of stich
l’l‘lVll9t1es to the ships ofvanv foreign nniintry,
"llll0Uglt the conditions‘-aforesaid shall not, in
all respects. be fulfilled by stich foreign conu-
lrv-” In considering this act of. Parliament,
the firs‘t‘ circumstance which commands atten-
tion is, the marked difference wbicli it makes
inthe conditions required offoreigu powt.-rs,
between those which have coloniesiand those
which have none. From the Colonial pow-
ers it only demandstliat they should grant to
British ships privileges oftrading with their
colonies, liketliose which the British law of
navigation grants to those powers. of rading
with the British Colonies, that is to say ; that
Such posters should allow to British vessels
the privilege ofiinpnrtiug British produce in-
to their colonies, atid ofexporting goods there-
from to be carried to any ‘country whatever,
except the parent country. But, from the
powers having no colonies, the act demands
that they should place the commerce and
navigation, both of the United Kingdoin and
its possessions abroad, upon the footing ofthe
the most favored hation With the colonia|pow-
ersthe act proposes an exchange ofcolonial
trade, for colonial trade.exclusive ofthe trade
ofthe parent country. With powers not having
colonies it proposes to give the Br. Colonial
trade only in exchange fora trade between
those powers and the United kingdom, and all
its possessions abroad. From the Colonial
powers it asks nothing but mere reciprocity ;
which, viewing the vast. extent 0 fthe British
Colonies, in comparison with those of any
other power. is oiilv nominal. The act. on
the contrary. is not satisfied with demanding
from the Powers having no colonies, recip-
rocity ofprivileges, but it requires that, in
consideration of the perniissio i to import
their produce into the ‘British Colonies. and
to export therefrom prodiice of tlinse colo-
nies to any foreign. country, except. Great
INSEED OIL, SPERM; 83 WHALE Britain, those powers should at once .r.-xtend f _ , _
‘ truly and wnolly belong to the ClllZel‘IS__I.tl’
Unlle
: to the commerce and navigatioii of the
ed Kingdom, and its possession: abroad,
nELA‘*i4ioNs‘vt'iTH»GREr.'i"Bn:'rAiN.,
U:\i{¥’ .3? i:t.gi7_.
Us
‘lull iiicastire of all commercial "p,riv.ileges.I,'a'ri-.fthelgrowth,,iiiuguoiioii,or,tii‘anufactii~re
intended to be applied to the United States._
rior to that of tiiost of them, and justly eitti-
tioiis and discussions, and oonseqtieiitly the
-cific conditions lh€|lt5l3l\'PS.
{kg Ssubjects of that cotttitrg of which the goods,
which they may have granted to theftuost fa-- '_,,
votired ll?lll‘ln. It is impossible not. to see
thattliis discrimination made.-by the act of
Parliament between different foreigi Pow-
ers, operate. exclusively upon the United
States. All the maritime States have colo-
nies, and therefore will be let into the trade
with the British Colonies tipon the less oner,
ous conditions. The United States are the
only power. not having colonies, which trades,
or is ever likely to trade, in any extent with
British Qolotiies. And, if they alone had
been named in the SGCO,lld_Cl£!‘SS of powers des-
cribeclin the act,'t_he application of its more
burdensome conditions wo'.tild_iiot, in that
case, have been more exclusively coufiiied to
them. The trade of the United States will
bearan advantageous comparison with the
trade of any ofthe Colonial Powers, either in
itsxatnotmt, or the valpe or variiity of the ar-
ticles which it coinpreliends. is greatly stipe-
tles'us to demand from Great Britain as fa-
vourable terms as those vtghicli are extended
to any tifiltem. It is true'tlia|v'tlie act holds
out the idea of some tiiitigationfjf these con.
ditions in the authority coiifldédito the king.
But on what consideration liis__Britanic Maj-
esty might be induced, by his‘-order in Coun-
cil, to exercisé.-"the dispensing powgp vested
in him, is not stated in the act itself, not have‘
they been disclosed by any order in Council,
or in any other niauncr which has come to
our knowledge. Thevery investment ofsucli
a power, I repeat, implied. friendly explana-
uieaiis ofnegotiation which the-British gov-
ernment now rejects as altogether inadmissi-
ble. Being, tlterefore, unable to ascertain
the iiudiviilged considerations which ini;-zlit
have led to sortie T6laX«'HlOll or variation of
ilie condiiiniis ofthe Act of Parliament, we
are confined to an cxatniiiatiori of those spe
They require that the United States, to en-
title themselves to the periiiission of importa-
tion and exportatioii wliicli is granted by the
British law of navigation, -hotild place the
commerce and navigation ofthe U.iiti=,d King-
dom, and ofits possession abroad, iipoti the
looting of the inosi favored nation. The
first observation occuring is, that at the very
moment when the British Governineiit is put
ting fortlrthe new principle tliatthe regulation
ofthe trade ofthe parent countrybtits colonies,
depends upon tuo rules, essentially different,
the one adiiiittiiig, and the other excluding all
consultation with foreign States; this act
coiifoutids together, and requires not merely
that we should place the British colonies upon
the footing of the most favored coionles, but
iliat, to entitle us to enjoy the priviliges ofau
intercourse witl. those C0l0lll6S,V’8 must coin-
ply with the re-quireiiient of placihgtlie navi-
gation and commerce, b :‘h of the parent
co-.u.tr_v and ell-:'!spo9ses.:~~.':tn al-road, oi: the
l'ootiiigyl' the most favored nation.
The first rlifiiculty which is encountered, in
aSC-t.‘.l‘l'ztlllll]g the precise nature and extent of
the conditions prescribed by the act ofParlia—
ment, is, that it furnishes no definition of the.
lt'I'lllS." the most favored nation,” which it
vutploys. Ac ordiug to one interpretation of
those terms, they import the gratuitous con
cession of comiiiercial priviligcs. According
to another, they imply the nation w;.ir-lt eu-
joys the greatest atiiouiit ofcoiiiinercial priv-
ilc-ge. wlicilier granted with or without equiv-
alents.
That the first was not the sense in which
the British Government iiiteiitltid to use those
terms, we coiijectiircd ; because, if it were.no-
thiitg reniaiiied to be done by the Americztn
Governniciit to bring itself within the condi-
iions of the act ol Parliament, and we appre-
bended that ilie British Governmentrequired
some positive act. Great Britain, in that
sense of the terms, is, in respect to the coin-
iuerce and navigation both ul the parent coun-
try and its possessions abroad, (iii the looting
of the than favored lldl.l0l). Whatever cotii
mercial privileges are g antetl by the United
States to any foreign nation, by act of Coti-
gress, or by treaties, are founded upon equiv-
alents Holding out the principle of fair rc-
ciprocity to all nations, we neither ask, nor
profess to bestow, coiiimercial boons. Thus,
in respect to alien or discriminating duties, we
have not abolished them in behalf of arty na-
tion which has not professed to abolish them as
to us. lfthey are now levicdiipou British ves-
sels,comiug to the Uitited States front Bri-
tish colonies,countervailing duties are now
also levied upon Auierican vessels entering
British colonies, and have been constantly, as
Mr. Canning declares, front 1823. If the a-
mount ol'Auterican tonnage adniitterl to entry
in British colonial ports, and of British ton-
nage entering American ports from British
colonies, were exactly equal, the collection of
duties on one side would neutralize the col-
lection on the other. But, as there is much
more American than British tonnage employ-
ed in the colonial trade, we pay a greater
amount ofthose duties than Great Britain.—-
And, conseqtiently, if there were cause of
complaint on either side, on account of their
existence, it would be with us._ It could not,
therefore, have been in the first, but must
have been in the second, nieauing of the
terms, that they are employed in the act of
Parliament. ,
Great Britain is understood, then, to have
demanded that the Utiited Kingdom and its
possessions abroad,sliould be allowed to enjoy.
in the ports ofthe United States, the greatest
extent of commercial‘ privileges which wt-
have granted, no matter upon wliai auiple e-
quivalent, to any foreign nation wliatevei.—'
In order to ascertain the latitude of concession
thus required, it is necessary to glance, and it
shall Le done as rapidly as possible, at the
state of our commercial relations with other
foreign Poivcrs. ,
By the general law of navigation (see 6th
vol. ofthe laws ofthe U. States, page 180,) it
is enacted, that, after the 80th day of Sept.
1818 “ no goods, waves. or merchandise.
shall be imported into the U. States from any
foreign port or place, except in yesselsof the
United States, or in such foreign vessels’ as
_r'fr_om which such goods, ,_wares, or mer-
.clt_andiz‘e, can only he,” go} ,trios_t iisually'are,
first shipped for transportation_:_ Provided‘,
rievertheless, that this regulatio'ti‘[,;sh,all.not
extend to tlieyessels of any foreign nation
which has not adopted, and which shall not
adopt, a similar regulation.”
Great Britain had,loug prior to the passage
Ofihal afiftfldopted. and continues to enforce,
the l'C‘.?'l‘lC[l0tl on which it is founded ; whilst
almost all other natiotis have abstained from
incorporating it in theirbavigation codes.--
A V959‘-‘zli than-fore, ofthe United States, on
euteriiig;-a British port, beiiiglliiiiited by Brit-
ish law, to the introduction ol goods the pro.
duce of the United States, a British vessel, on
entering tlltril‘ ports, is limited tothe introduc-
tion of goods being of British produce ; whilst
the vessels of-all other nations, which have-
iiot adopts: the restrictive regulation, ‘are al--
lowed, on enteririg a port of the U. States, to
introduce any foreign produce whatever, by
paying the alien and discriiriiiypting duties,
from which vessels of the United States are
exempted. _
By partictilar arrangements with various
Powegs, some by Treat y, and others by :~:9pa-
rate but reciprocal acts ofthe Governments of
the United States and .hose Powers, the alien
duties of:lie United States, are abolished as
to them; and tlteir vessels and those ofthe
U. States, are allowed the rt.-oiprocal liberty
ofiiiiprirtation and exportation at the same
rate ofdtii_y iipou both ship and cargo.
Thus, therfore, to comply with the condi-
tioiis ofthe act of Parliament, we must lst.
have allowed British vessels to import into
the United States the produce ofany foreign
country ivbeiteipfir, upon the pttyltttflll of the
alien ’lunes._alt ough vessels ofthe U. States
are and sling have remained i,-rohi -ite.l to
import into" _- itish parts like produce upon
any terms whatever. ‘And Qndly. we must
have abolished or supeuderl our d'iscritiiiua-
ting duties, placing Great Britain tipou the
footing Uflll6lll’1Sl favored nation. in wi.nse
belia;f we had abolislied or suspeiidetl theni,
although it tiow'appeai'~, front the aver ..eiit;
ol'Mr. Cauiiiug, that duties of at least an e-
qual ainount ltave been. since the adopiioit of
the Order in Council. in the year 1825, and
now are, levied upon Atneric;-in vessels and
their cargoes in British Colonial ports.
- So stood on. law, and such must have been
ottr conipiiance with the coiidit ions of the act
of Pilfildllielll at the IL -.e of itspassage. But
we suppose it to ll(vlV8,b.l.‘-t‘.ll the understand-.og,
of the British Gov--rninent, that. ifsubsequi-nt
to that period, we should grant t'o any foreign
nation still greater privileges than‘ those a-
bove desc-.ibed, by treaty or (MP8! wise, in
consideration of equiv-aliciits or ll0'.,sit4'.h more
extensive privile.-;es must have iutinediatnly
accrued to the United Klngtlitm and its pos-
sessions abroad, upon tlic,rule ofthe most fa-
vored naiizm. l)IZ_*.lLt‘.'l_llll3l have ~...?.-jected our-
selves to the forl'ei'.ute of the Colonial trade,
denounced by the Act of Parliament.
Now, subsrqutvntly to the date ofthat act,
to wit, on the Gib December last, we conclud-
ed a Treaty with the Republic ofthe Federa-
.tion ofthe Centre of Anierica, which, having
been afterwards ratified by both partics,is now
in full operation. By this treaty it is stipula-
ted, that whatever can be exported front, or
iniporttd into, either country, in its own ves-
sels, to or from any foreign place wiiatevrr,
may, in like matuier, be exported or iuiporiird
in the vessels ofthe oihe'r country, the vessel
and the cargo paying in both cases the satire
and no liiglicr duties, and conseqiicntly nei-
ther paying the Alien Ditties. [five had en-
titled oursclves by the fulfilment ofthe rtrqutr-
ed coiiditioiis, to an intercourse with the Brit-
ish Colonies, we would now be obliged, i.: or-
der to retain the rightto that intercourse, to
allow British vessels, both ofthe parent coun-
try and its possessions abroad, a liberty of ex-
portation aiid importation coextensive with
that ofthe vessels of the United States, altho’
the interdict ofthe British law of navigation
should remain in full operation on the vessels
ofthe U. States.
If we are mistaken in the extent ofthe con.
cessioiis required by the British Government,
to place the United Kingdom and its posses-
sions abroad, on the footing ofthe most favor-
ed iizttioii, the best and most friendly mode of
correcting our error would have been, to have
accompanied an official communication of
the Act of Parliainent with a full and frank
explanation ofthose conditions, the perform-
ance ofwhtch,on our part, would have satis-
fied that Goveruuient. By withholding all
explanation, ifthe Congress oftnc U States
had legislated on that subject at its last Sess-
ion, it must have acted either tst. upon the
exposition of the conditions ofthe Act ofPar-
a-a:nent now given; or, Qudly, upon the i"-ews
ofthe British Government as di~closctl in the
negotiations of 1824. It could not have con-
foriiied to the condiiioiis ofthe Act of Par-
liament, as we understand them, without a
manifest sacrifice ofthe interests of the Peo-
ple oftlic United States, and an til):-lfl"iOlli‘i“lll2
ofthose principles of reciprocity for \‘-’ll:'.:l1
_they have ever contended in all their ll’ go-.-a- '
tioiis with foreign Powers. it now ilp;)«':«ll‘5
that it would have been uiiav-ailing iiCongit:ss
had legislated in compliance with (lit: t"-‘W5
of the British Government, as presented in
the negotiations of 1824. According in t1- -we
views, that g0Vt'|'fllllB[][ was then willing that
the trade between the Colonies and the U. S.
should cotitiiiiie restricted, as it then was, by
the laws of the two countries, to the direct in-
tercourse ; that is to say, that a British vessel
clearing from the United States for a colonial
port, should be bound to land its cargo in that
port; and an Ainericait vessel clearing front
the Colonies for tlit: United States. Sllllllld be
bcuiid to land its cargo in tliern. But wlillulili
any intimation to us, through the 'f€,'>_’_‘|l-1: di-
plouiatic channels, ofau alteration in her
views, Great Britain has now ct-ztitagctl ’h"-m.
-and on the lltft of September, 1826, for -he
first time annotiitces her deterniiiiatioii not:
" to consent to enterinto an) renewed ne_izoti- A
atioii upon the intercourse between the U. S.‘
and the British Colonies, so long as the pl’0_-'
tension [the above l’6Sl|’it.'.lOfl as to tlit-"digest
intercourse] recorded in the Act of 1823, arid
there applied to British-Colonies alone, re-
Norwalk Chronicler