Norwalk Gazette, Tuesday, June 20, 1826 · page 2

 

I
-an . Q A I
-:

rt -4 ,
 FOREIGN ITEMS,
lVe copy the following remarks from the
London New Price Current ofMay 91- .
The Commercial distress and ruin appeal‘
‘still to increase in a most appalling lllanlleri
and as we are the mere spectators ofthe pro-
"gress of'..passing' events, we catrgive clear and
practical illustratiotis ofthe national calamity.

'3 .

We must premise our remarks by stating the’

present Ministers have deserted the whole
coiiimercial system of Mr. Pitt; they deride
his principles as to finance; they strike at the
root of systems which have raised this country
to the greatest eminence atiiong the natiotis
of the world ; and in return they give us no-
thing but bankruptcy and ruin. In the com-
mercial towns, London, Manchester, Liver-
pool, Glasgow, 350. there is a complete stag-
nation of trade;in the manufacturing districts,
starvation, riot and robbery :—as it entirely
arises from'Commercial distress, it comes
immediately within the province of our publi-
cation to trace the causes of this great calam-
ity, which are ' overtraditig, the visionary
schemes of lastyear, &.c. ‘ The great evils

may be stimnied up according to their import-"

ance, viz. lst, the withdrawing ofthe circula-
ting medium—§7.ud, Corn Laws—8d, Free
Trade Acts.” ‘ _

It is folly to compare the present commer-
cial greatness of England with foreign na-
tions or with any previous period; and the
only legislation on the circulating medium
which can safely be brought forward, is rnak-
ing the Bank notes payable on demand, leav-
ing the quantity and quality to be regulated
by circumstances; making it imperative on
the Batik of England to publish the amount
ofthe circulatiori—-iiot to issue a contract -of
three or four millions, according to whim,
thereby creating a convulsion of the money
hiarket. The positioti ofthe advocates of the
£1 notes is wrong. 2

The Free Trade Acts are in commercial

--affairs, to be compared with the rights oftnaii.
liberty and equality of the French revoltitioii
in politics, both wild in theory and ruinous in
operatioti ; there is now a fair opportunityof
withdrawing these Acts. The hand of friend-
ship has been extended to foreign - nations-
it has been refused—-they cannot under these
circutnstances be carried into effect without
rum to our commerce and manufactures; alllll
the proportion oftrade we could retain would
be trifling; the dense poptilation in that case
must also be reduced by famine or the sword.
in state of things too dreadful to contemplate.

_ The change in the Corn Laws, will have a
favorable effect oti commerce; and had not
the trading interests been in such a lanienia--
hie state, the alteration would have produced
an instantaneous effect. We view the‘ boon
in the roost favorable light.

In the British House of Commons, May 4,
a motion of Mr. Home for an inquiry itito the
causes ofthe present distress in England, was
rejected by a majority of 101. In the course
of his argument, Mr. H. stated. that for the
24 yrs. from October, 1799., to January, 1817,
the public expenditure exceeded the revenue
by about £893,000,000, but there were loans
during that period to the amount of £618,-
000,000, leaving a sum applicable to the re-
duc-iion of the debt amounting to more than
£Q25,000.000; whereas little more than £188.-
000,0C0 altogether were paid from the Ex
chequer to the Cotriniissioners ofthestiiltiog
Fund, leavitig astitii of above £36,0ti0.000
sferlirig wholly unaccounted _/br by the Ki'ng’s
.Mi-nisters .' He also stated, lha‘ allowing for
the difference in the value of currency, the
anioutit of revenue collected last year was
within a million and a half ofthat collected
in the most expensive year of the war; that
the £52,000.000 levied on the people last year
would purchase more (lharters of wheat than
the £69,000,000 levied in 1814. Heproved
that, reference being had to the increase of
the population, the consumption oftnost arti-
cles had fallen offor had not increased for the
last 40 years—as, for example, for the 10 yrs.
from 1785 to 1794, the quantity ofmalt con-
sumed in this country was on the average a-
bove 25,700,000 bushels,; whereas from the
10 years frotii 18l5to 1824, the consumption
was no more than 25,Q00.000 bushels !—-
whereas had it kept pace with the population,
it would have exceeded 85,000,000 bushels
per annum.

So in wines there has been a positive, and
in sugar, teas, and tobacco, a striking relativi-
diniunition.

It is stated in conclusion that crimes and
pauperism have lamcntably and fearfully in
creascd. And for all these evils—-a complex,
deceitful, and ruinous system of firiaiict-—
an immense extent oftaxation——an_d coiivul-
sed appearance of the manufacturing and
commercial interests, and the decaying ofthe
people generally. '

Later from England.--By arrivals at”Bos-
ton and New York, Londoti and‘L'iverpool
papers to the 6tii ult. are received.

The Resolution introduced by Mr.Canning,
modifying the Corn Laws, passed the Houst-
of Commons on the 5th of May. The reso-
lution adopted is “that it is expedient to place
at power in the hands ofthe Crown to permit,
by and with the advice and consent of his pri-
vy council, the entrance of Foreign Corn for
home consumption, at such duty as might be
specified in an act ofParliainent founded tip-
on this resolution and to be. passed the present
session.” This resolution goes the length of
rep:-tiling in effect the existing Corti Laws.
The object toopen the ports for the impnI‘-
taiirm of Foreign Corn to the amount of 500,-
000 quarters. The law to last only 92 l]l()lil.llS.

Tin-. Liverpool Com“mer_cial Chronicle. ex-
ults in the proposed uieasures of the govern-
metzi, hut considers them as mere palliatives,
and is of ’IplI1lOll that nothing short ofa total
repeal of the Corn Laws,and a revision ofthe
currency will afford pertnaiient security and
peace-. The quantity of wheat and flour in
bond at the ports of London,Liverpool, Bris-
‘Ola mid Hull. (the four principal ports,) wa-
Q4:'1.H90qrs. of the former, and 69,875 cwts.
of the latter—-which is said to be not more
than enough for three day’s consumption for
the hole kingdom.

"tire most interesting intelligence is that
wh:«.l'; relates to the alarming Jistresses amt
rio' aiiioiig the iuatiufactortng ct-ass,-5, 1'“,
pa, - t-nntaiti whole columns, Ctll-Dlllllttlcul
in-._' 2-» J--tail, the maddevasiationsofthe riot-
er.-.. i -I(.'SlrUClIt)D of valuable tiiacliirieiv $1.
the t several lives. '

. ' Lurrptnol Albion says, these l’l0IUlI3
me -. ‘ll: -lit-ir itutiicrous fvtmilies, are non

"man beings can be reduced ; and they are
only saved from the horrors of starvation-, by
the scanty meals which are provided for them
and their families by the benevolence oftheir
opulent neighbors. But, it is added, a knowl-
edge of their sufferings will call forth the
sytiipathy ofthe humane.thro’out the country,
and prompt relief will,we have not the slight-
est doubt, be extended to these unfortunate
men and their families. _

Some alartn was felt at Liverpool lest the
rioters should bend their steps thither in the
hope offinding there a richer hooty. 'I‘o guard
against such an invasion, it was sugested by
one paper that a wall ofcottoii bales be thrown
up on the land side, after the manner of the
cotton fortifications of New Orleans.

It is stated in a London paper of the 29th
April, that an express had arrived at Alan-
chestei‘ from Hyde, when it was immediately
reported that in an engagement with the mil-
itary. 25 lives had been lost, and the rioters
were traversing the country in whole families,
m_en, women and children.

At Blackburn, however,where the riots had
:becn most alarming, every thing had been
quiet after the 3d of May. The greater part
of the rioters had etnigrated to the southern
parts of the country, where their spoliations
and deeds of desperation were continued.

The number of workmen out of employ in

All was quiet at Glasgow.

Mt‘. Kean, it is mentioned, has remitted to
England £22,000 as a portion of his profits in
America.

Russian Einbassg/.—'I‘lie proparations for
the Duke of Dr:vonshire’s inissioti to Russia
are ofthe most magnificent kind. A single
order for plate amoutits to about $70,000.-
His suite include many of his near relations,
and very particular friends, the selection of
wiiotn is left entirely to ltirnself.

THE GREEKS.—The London Courier
ofthe 3d of May, states that the Paris papers
of Sunday and Monday, contain intelligencv
front Greece of so positive a character, that

to which Missolonglii has successfully with

stood the attacks oftlte Egyptians utider lbra

him Pacha. The account ofilie death of I-
brahim Pacha had been officially received a;
Corfu, from Prevesa, on the 4th of April.-
'l‘hree Tartars were dispatched to the latter
place for Surgeons, but before they could re

turn with medical aid. this celebrated Chief-
tain expired. The news is said to be confit.
tired nude-r dati.-s frotii Leghorn, Corfu,Zat-t- ,
Trieste, Route, Ancoiia. &.c.

The Vienna papers mention that Illrt-Illli-"
Pacha was before Missoloughi on the atom or
March. Gen. Adam had a conference Willi
lhralnm for two hours in his tent, soliciting
him to allow the wotiieri, children and oh‘
then to leave Missolonghi unuiolested. Ibra
hirii declared hiiiisell ready to do this if Mis-
solonghi was surrendered, and the garriso--
laid down their arms. The proposal was Tl:
jected and the fortress was left to its fate.

From the Coiistilulionnel.

./Jncona, wipril l7’.-——(Extract ofa private
letter. We shall coirtinue to give publicity to
such letters as come to us. respecting the lat!
events in Greece. That which we have this
day recei_ved, appears to us invested with cv
cry char_acteristic ofautlienticity.) _

According to the details which we receiver:
frotn different islands and iron Prevesa. re-
specting the meuiorrible day which crowned
with success the perseverance and heroic vat
our ofthe soldiers of Missolonghi, we can in
longer doubt of the cotiiplete dispersion ofthe-
ariiiy of Ibrahint Pacha. It appears, in fact.
there were two very obstttiate couibats. Tu-
wttrds evetiiiig, on the 24th of March, the gat-
rison alone opposed the entire force ofthe;
Arabs, who were attacking them oti all sides,
and particularly on the sea side. Ibrahim.
tenipted no doubt by the easy victory gained
over Vessiladi, and seeing Missolonghi witli—
out fortifications on the side towards the sea,
hazarded a perilous enterprise by embarking
all his disciplined troops onhridges construct-
ed for that purpose; but disappointed in his
attempt, and after reccivitig a tiiortal wound.
he retreated from the position, to his camp,
after losing two thousand five hundred men.

The greatest consternation prevailed during
that whole night in his army, and his batteries
responded not to the salvos ofaitillery, which
from the high ramparts of Missolonghi, ati
nuanced the victory and joy which exliilt-rat
ed its children.

The night was already advanced, when the
brave Missolongheotes projected a sortie;—
anrlmidiiight was the hour fixed upon by the
Botzarts. Notwitlistatidtng all their tactics,
the Barbarians, now buried in sleep, dreamt
not oftheir being in presence of an active en-
emy, who had acquired fresh courage from
the success of their recent efforts. Two thou-
sand Suliots were therefore utilieeded, till
they fcllprecipitately tipon their adversaries
camp. The gloom of night favored their eit-
tctpiise ; and after having seized upon and
killed the advanced posts, they set fire to the
Arabian cauip. The carnage now became
dreadful. The barbarians suini-noned e-act:
other I‘) arms,bui their efforts were irieffccttial,
for after spendiiig two full hours in steeping;
the ground with blood, and possessing them-
-elves oftwo batteries, the cannon of which
they took to their own fortress, the Suliots re-
'ired fiuslied with triiiinpti. Titus passed the
night of the 2/1th—-but greater misfortunes
still.’.iwaited the fierce conquerors ofthe Pel-
oppotinestis. ‘

On the 25th, at sunrise, the Greek troops
winch ISHU been so long expected were seen
from the rariiparts.

Fabvier was leading his young patriots to
victory ; he was artcoinpanied by the elite of
the brave tnen of Romelia. The Arabs, pla-
sed lietweeii twofires, and without a leader,
ttnt-.w not how to oppose the enemy, not how
to escape from ihein. Redschid Mehcutet Pa
clia, who had last year so closely invested Mia
solotighi, succeeded lbralitiii iti cornniaud.—
He advanced agairistF..bvier with 8000’l‘iirk~,
-sliilst the remait.-der of the forces sustattien
‘.;it: fight against the garrison, which having
sZtllll"tl out from the tort, repulsed them with
..- courage almost incredible. Victory was not
.-iow in declaring ht-.rs'elf. Redscltid wasta-
lten prisoner, with a part of his army, Wfllltf
me remainder fell beneath the well-aitni:.:
olows ofthe Greeks. The second body, at-
ltlfillxed by the united ft-ices ofthe garrison and
~-l Faiivier, did not ll)aKt: resistatice long. A;
w is destroyed, and the tiii.abttauts of Ll.IlS.s\):'
ii--;lll soon received back into the city, .iu.t-
songs ofjuy, the brave Liberators of their

in, the most wretched condition to which hu-

C0unl.fy. In

the west of Scotland was estimated at 60,000.,

its authenticity cannot be doubted ; accordingl

Liverpool.-—An American who‘ writes from
Liverpool under date of April £4th, gives the
following description of the place, and of its
female residents:

“The houses in Liverpool present a very
rusty and gloomy appearance, the bricks be-
ing large and rough and uncouth manner.-
Btit this deficiency in external beauty is a-
bundantly supplied by the stylc andgrandetir,
the couiforts and elegance exhibited, in the
interior ofthe dwellings. New York, though
not so populous, is certainly much finer, neat-
er and more splendid city. The females in
this place are generally of low stature, have
fair complexiotis, and beautiful faces. Btit
in their persons they are not to be compared
with our American ladies. They have very
large feet, are broad across the chest, and do
not in general display tnuch taste or neatness
in their dress.”

Duelling in London.---From the Bow-street
reports we learn that on the 4th May, Eyre
Evans, Esq. an eminent tiiercliant of Liver,-
pool was brought up, charged with intending
to fight a duel with Mr. Tlios. R. Richmond,
also a inerchatit. It appeared that they had
quarrelled on ’Change at Liverpool, and Mr.
R.-called Mr. a scounrlrel, upon which the
latter knocked him down. A challenge en-
sued, but the meeting was prevented,and they
were both held to bail. It was however stib-
sequently agreed to meet to settle the affair,
btit Mr. Evans was arrested oi) his way thro’
L0|1d0Ds will? his second, and held to bail in
heavy sureties.

The receipts of the British and Foreign
Bible Society, fell short ‘last year to the UK-
tent of.-£10,000, owing it is said to the differ-
ences among its friends relative to the Apoc-
t.Vpli3, and the distressed state ofthe times.

LONDON, May 6.--Otir readers will see fr.
our Parliamentary report, that Lord Liver-
p~')0l last night annottnced that the Batik of
England had, after a laborious exaniitiation
in a committee, come to the very importatit
dr-cision ofestablishing branch banks. It is
helieved that the directors adopted this resolu-
tion against what they conceived to be their
own interests, atthe suggestion of ministers
who deem the measure essential to the resin
ration of credit and confidence thi"o’out the
country. Provincial bank paper cannot in-
deed circulate to any great extent, and not a
single attempt is making in any quarter to
form joint stock companies for the purpose of
haiiking; so that whatever opinions may be
entertained ofthe merits of branches of the
Bank ofEiigland, they seem to be the only
mode left forfilling up that void which the late
crisis has left in the circulation.

Lord Liverpool also stated an important
particular, namely, that old establishments
were combining to form Joint Stock Cornpa
toes. and to carry the provisions ofthe Bill
't1l.t) effect. .

It was stated by his Lordship, that the ad-
vances to the manufacturers by the Bank, on
the whole, were souiewhere between 370,000l
and 400,000 pounds.

New YORK, Jtine 16.

Still Later.—-By an arrival at Philadelphia
Liverpool advices to the 8th May are rec’d.
’.l.‘lie information from the disturbed districts
continued favorable, 8:. business was reviving.

A letter received here, states that the reso-
ltttltm which had passed the House ofCom-
mans relative to foreign Grain, authorised the
Tvlinisters to issue an Order in Councilat any
time between the close of the present, and the
opening ofthe next session of Parliatiient, to
allow an importation of foreign grain to an
extent not exceeding 500,000 quarters, the or
rler to remain in force not tnore than 2 months
from its date. The duty is not fixed, but left
to the discretion of‘the ministry. It is said
that efforts were making to prevent the pass-
age of this bill through the House of Lords,
and in case ofits passage, it is doubted whe-
ther the United States could derive any ad-
vantages, unless by shipments made in antici-
pation. Letters frotn Philadelphia however
express the opinion that it will advance the
price of flour in that market.--Mcrc. fldv.

t MrLos, March 30.

The fate of the Egyptian army is about to
be accomplished on all sides. The renegado,
Selves, pressed by famine, evacuated Tripol-
tiza on the 25th instant, in order to fall back
upon Modoti with the 5000 Egyptians under
his commmd. The Greeks, on the 27th,
took possession ofthe city thus abandoned by
the barbarians, who had previously set fire to
the houses which they had inhabited during
the period oftheir occupation ofthe place.-—
'I‘litts is the spot which ought to have been
ilie centre of their operation for ravaging the
northern and western parts ofthe Peloponne-
sus—-the point upon which they riiust have
setotit to beseige Nauplea-—ouce more occu-
pied by the Christians. This event will have
a powerful influence on public opinion ; and
it is probable that Selves must experience
great losses in his retreat, for we know that
(jolocotroiii.Zaimis, Sissinis, and the princi-
ital Greek Clnefs were in ambush in the de-
file-.~ by which the enemy had to effect his

' retreat.

_ The following is art extract ofa letter from
the cliiefofa Greek battallion at Missolonghi
to a friend in Paris, dated April 9th :
“My dear frieud—-I have to inform you
that we were attacked at all points on the 24th
of March, by the barbarians commanded by
Ibrahim. Iwas posted on the seaside. The
reiterated attacks had brought down a part of
our fortifications. We were forced to fill
sortie hogsheads with sand, and to eittrencli
ourselves behind them with our guns. It was
here that I was wounded. At length the E-
-__y-ptians and the others were repulsed, and
some of them were burnt with their vessels.
These furious barbarians having advanced to
otttit a second time to the assault were once
tnorte repulsed. Ibrahim, seeing the prey from
(:15 hand, rushed forward at the head of his
;-l)l(lll:‘.|’S, in the hope cfre-animating them.-
A Greek, who recognised him, took aim at
him and gave him a wound of which he died
some days after. At this moment my cotit.-
t"_'y men perceived the troops coninianded by
on: brave Fabvier. Gouras, and other chiefs,
Uillle -~.'=-'-- »f8U00. The Turks frightert
co, ll‘ . -. =y They tvete routed by the
‘~-.'' - .eft Meheniei Pacha in the
( ‘ - "as. ‘l‘he otliets took refuge in
vs-"rev:-r they could. Unly a-
go-. off by sea. 'I‘he fleet er-
tud re-captured Vassleados.

-.1 - '

tCl".'

N cw-Yoax, June 16.-—A Greek gentle-y
tiian, now residing in this city, has called at
our office to inform us that he has received
lettters of the 6th April from Corfu,and ofthe
16th April frotn Trieste; and that it can on
his authority be stated in a most positive inan-
ner, that inlthe last attack before Missolonghi,
the Turco Egyptian army was completely de-
feated. Ibrahim Pacha was wounded, and
another Pacha was killed. Detailed accounts
had not yet reached those places at the above
periods.-.dmerican.

FROM COLOMBIA.—By an arrival at
Philadelphia from Lagutra. Caracas papers
and letters to the 20th: May have been rec’d.
Tranquility had been completely restored itt
Venezuela ; and the miinicipalities of Valen-
cia a nd Caracas had invested Gen. Paez with
the supreme authority of civil and military
chief of Verieztiela,until the arrival of Presi-
dent Bolivar, “for the maintenance of public
order and tranquility ; for raising armies for
the defence ofthe country from foreign inva-
sion, or other acts ofhostility, and for preserv-
ing regularity in the administration.” A con-
vention of the people, which was not to have
been held until 1831, is to be assembled at an
earlier period, “to deliberate on the form of
government most consonant with the situation,
customs and productions ofVenezue|a.”

Extract of a letter dated May 19.-—“ As I
suppose the recent occurrences in this prov
iiice has been greatly exaggerated,I will give
you a suscinct detail ofthe whole; In conse-'
qucnce of General Paez having, two months
since, ordered out patrols to compel all per-
sons to_ repair to St. Francis to he enrolled in
the militia, information thereofwas forwarded
to Bogota by tlieintendent general Escalona
and by the corporation, painting the act in
the blackest colors. The accusation was ad-
mitted by the Senate and General Escalona
appointed to succeed Paez in the command
of the army. The latter immediately pro-
claitned his successor, and was preparing to
depart for Bogota; but the people ofValencia
thinking that Paez was the only person capa-
ble of preserving tranquility among the troops
and apprehensive of what might happen after
l‘llS departure, requested a meeting of the cor
poratiou. This hotly decreed that General
Paez should remain in his present command,
until the returuof General Bolivar, to whom
an officer has been despatched to Panama,
where the President.Liberator ought to be by
this time. General Paez will enter Caracas
his afternoon. The utmost tranquility pre-
tails.” '

, Di:'riint"i". May 9&4.

Indians qfLrr&e Superior.— We understa oil
that Gov. Cass has rec’d dispatches from Mr.
Sclioolcraft, the Indian Agent at the Sault de
St. Marie, communicating intelligence ofthe
existence ofa refractory disposition among
the bands of Chippewas residing in the coun-
try situated between Lake Stiperior, the Ouis-
cousin and Mississippi rivers, with the exct-p~
tion ofthe Indians inhabiting the Turtle vil
lage, Lac des Flambeau, and Squirrel Lake,
whose sentiments remain pacific. Mr. S. does
not hesitate to call the others “ hostile Chip-
pewas.” It will be recollected that in one of
our former numbers we made reference to the
cruel murder of a number of our citizens on
Lake Pepin, by a war party of the Chippe-
was. Little Tlitinder and White-liead, who
were the chiefs of the party, and a number of
other Indians of inferior note were delivered
up, and confined them in the gaol at Mackin-
ac, from which they escaped last fall. Rettirn-
ing to their bands, they have succeeded in
creating a strong excitement in their favor.-
Secret Councils have been held, from which
the traders were excluded, and the young
tuen, whose relations were prisoners, hold a
hostile language. The traders feel themselves
insecure, and are ofopiniou that the Indians
themselves will not deliver up the murderers,
and that force will be required not only to ef-
fect that object, but to protect the traders,and
those Indians whose disposition is friendly.

The famous Sagana Chief,Kishhauko,who
was confined in the gaol in this place on a
charge of murder, was found dead in his cell
oti Thursday, and without having shown any
signs of indisposition on the night precedinu.
Some ascribe poison, and others appoplexy as
being the cause of his death.

From the Knoxville Register.
CHEROKEE INDIANS.--Some curiosity
having been expressed as to the laws of the
Cherokee Nation, the following sketch of
them may not be unacceptable to our readers:

They prohibit the introduction by white
men ofspiritousliquors into the nation. They
have laws establishing and regulating turn-
pikes, prohibiting stealing and rape, requiring
white men, ifthey take a Cherokee wife, to
be legally married to her ; and then the prop-
erty ofthe wife is not thrown into the hands
of the husband, but remains at her own dispo-
sal; nor do they permit one man to have
more than one wife.

The nation is laid off into eight judicial
districts, and ajudge and marshal appointed
in each districtin order to the due adminis-
tration ofjustice. They have their rangers in
each district, whose duty it is to post and ad-
vertise strays. Their taxes are regularly laid
and collected by the marshals. Nor do they
overlook the benefits of tuition in their mis-
sioriary seminaries; they compel parents to
pay the expences of such children as leave
the schools tvithout any jtist cause. They
permit the superintendent ofthese missionary
stations, with the consent ofthe parents, to
bind out children to such trades as may be
suitable for thetii, and at the expiration of
their apprenticeship, the nation is bound to
procure them tools.

Each district is entitled to be represented
in the National Council by four members.-—
The pay to each mctnber for his service is one
dollar per day, and to the Speaker one dollar
and fifty cents. The principal chiefs, the
Path Killer, is allowed SL50 per annum, and
Charles R. Hicks, iti consideration of his ex
tra services as interpreter and writer, 3200.-
The coiurriitiee men are allowed two dollars.
and their President two dollars and fifty cents
per day, during the sitting of the National
Council.

For embezzling, intercepting, and opening
.-ealed letters, the punishment is a fine of one
ntitidred dollars, and one hundred stripes oti
the barn back.

The business ofthe Council during its se s
sion shall be suspended on the Sabbath ; and
iii merchants’, pedlars, and nteclianics, at
nictv-Town, shall close’ their doors during th-

l

0

They have it law declaring what sliall-be -'.l
lawful fence, they have also a statute oflimi-
tations ; but it does not operate on tiotes or li-
quidated accounts. The Treasurer of the
Chedrokee Nation ills autllioriséed to loan upon
goo sefquriéy, Stlllc surpuus undslas may re.
ttiatn a er isc arging ie arinua appropria-
tions. A marshal, a sheriff, deputy sheriff
and two constables are appointed in each dis-
trict. These officers have superseded the
companies oflight horse, which, before the
passage of this regulation, executed the de-
crees oftheir cotirts and brought offenders to
Justice. The marshals are elected by the na-
tional cointnittee, the sheriffs and constables
by the people in each district. The duty of
tlieseofiicers are prescribed, anti security ta.
ken for their fattliful performance. In pur-
suit ofcriminals they are allowed to sutiittion
als many men as may be necessary to assist
item.

A will, iffouiid among the valuable papers
ofthe deceased, although not witnessed, is
considered to be established, if proved to be
written and signed by the testator. A will to
be“ regular according to their law, should be
signed by the testator, attested by two witnes-
ses, and its true validity proved to the satis-
faction of the court of the district. There
are also some regulations about uunctipative
wills. The property of any person dying
intestate, is divided equally among the child-
ren and wife, the wife taking a child's part.-—
lf there are no chi|dren,thc wife is entitled to
a fourth part, and the residue goes to his near-
est kin, after the estate is freed from incum-
brances. The property ofthe wife, who has
exclusive right to it, is distributed in the same
way between her children and husband.

This is a faint outline of sonic of the laws
by which the Cherokee nation are governed.
The resolution to procure two sets ofiypes to
establish at New Town a printing office, has
already been noticed in a former paper ; one
set ofty pes to be composed ofEnglish letters,
and the other of Cherokee characters, the in-
vention of George Guist, a Cherokee. This
invention is tnuch admired by those acquaint-
ed with it for its ingenuity, simplicity, and
usefulness; although there are, more titan 70
distinct characters, they are learned by the
natives in a short time with great ease,and in
their own language they now correspond with
each other in these characters.

 

.__

There are in the Cherokee nation 41 grist
and ‘saw mills, 02 blacksmith’s shops, 762
looms, 92,486 spinning,-wheels, 18 schools. 18
ferries, and ‘£2,000 cattle. Eight years since
very few ofthe Cherokees dressed in tlieEtig-
lish ha‘bit——now there are only one or two who
are‘ known to wear the Indian dress. Nlr.Ev-
arts, the Cor. Seclry of the A. B. (J.F M.
who has recently visited the nation‘, attended
while there, the oxaniination ofthe pupils in
the missionary schools. Their performances
would have been creditable to any school in
our country ; and in‘ their knowledge of the
Geography ofthe United States, they surpas-
sed any examinatioii he ever witnessed in col-
leges or any other seminaries. Mr. Evarts
gives a good account of the alphabet invented
by Guest. Young tiieii come from a distance
to learn the alphabet, and in a few days are
able to read and write it so well as to return
home and teach others. Mr. Evarts, himself,
saw a group of several persons, all of whom
could read. listening to one who was reading
a portion fr-om the Bible translated by David
Brown. The discovery has led the American
Board to the detertnitiatioii of publishing the
Bible and other limits in these cliaracters.—~
Several of our Missionaries tiow preach as
well as speak the Cherokee language.

From the Baltimore ./Jmerican.

THE AFRICAN Pitt~:ss.—--We have perused
with no ordinary pleasure the first number of
the “LIBERIA HErtALn',” a newspaper issu-
ed at Monrovia, the capital of the American
Colonization Society’s seat in Africa. Yes-4-
intliat country where man roams as savage
and almost as ignorant as the beasts ofthe fo-
rest we already behold the first beams of the
Press. Could this ntimher of the Liberia
Herald, printed on a single sheet, be preserv-
ed for a century hence in a museum, and be

-compared with the productions ofthe press of

that day,when liberty, law,justice, and reli-
gion shall have disciplined, softened,enlarged
and ennobled the minds ofAfricans, bowin-
teresting would this document appear—it‘.
would be approached by the Africans with
something ofthat feeling which we manifest
for our Declaration of Independence. The
trial has been made, and experiment attests
the truth ofthe fact, not only that Africa is
capable of civilization. but also, that this is the
time. this the hour for attempts to be made.—-
Amongst nations,as amongst individuals,there
is a particularseason atispicious for exertion—-
an opportunity that, ifsulfered to pass unitri-
proved, may not occur for centuries again.--
Let any one who doubtsthis fact read the re-
port below, ofthe enterprising and excellent
agent for the Colony, and he will there learn‘.
with no less gratification than astonishment,
that in the vast and almost urtexplored reces-
ses ofthat continental wilderness, the ignor-
ant Africans are panting to behold the beams
of knowledge, anxious to learn the American
tongue, 8L willing to barter their lands to any
extent as the price of instruction. Are we.
then enthusiasts when we proclaim that the
present tnometit is the tnost important ofall
otliersto be improved to the civilization of
the Africans ? The approving voice ofthose
ignorant people, issuing from the shades of
their native forests, declares that we are not.

The African Herald records the births and
marriages, the articles wanted for immediate»
consutnption, those that will be battered in:
exchange; in short we see in a single page-o{‘_
the Herald the first bustle of civilized life._-—-
We cannot pass the present opportunity with-
out testifying our thanks to the society forined
for the colonization of Africa, and with no.
ordinary sincerity congratulating them on the.
success that has attended tbeir.ex_ertioris,,tlir_o’
evil report and tbroiigh good report, amidst
ombarrasstnents sonietimes overtvhelining,
and at all times under a. fearful responsibility.
Actuated and buoyed up alone by the justice
oftheir canse,aiid. the support of their own
consciences, they have persevered, and glori-
ous has been the result. Could the excellent
Caldwell. revisit earth again, with what tri-
nmphalil. emotions would he gaz_e upon the
Colony of Messurado. Time is cvolvilnggreat
events, and the sacred oracles assttte us, the ‘
._tte time is approaching wheti Ethiopia sf 

day.

stretch loith her hand.._