. _ . FROM P_ERU.—"-Advices from Litna are to the ad of March. The frigate U. States: Com. Hull,-and Peaeock,.Lt. Kennon, and a British 74 were lying at Chorilles. Callao was rigoroiislyblocltaded by the sqtiadroii un- der Adm.‘Blanco. On the 16th of Feb. 1000 line looking troops ar. at Lima fI'- Bogota. " The Peruvian Congress assembled on the 10th Feb. when the Liberator BOLIVAR, comriitinicated the following MESSAGE 5- Toifhe Sovereign Congress qf Peru :' ’ Gentlenien——Thc epresentatives of the fer-nvinn people meet this day,under the aus- pices of the _spler_idid victory of Ayacucbo, which has, forever, fixed the destinies oft.lie new world.-—-‘—One year has elapsed since Congress decreeil the dictatorial authority, in order to save the Republic, -which was sinking und-er the oppression of the severest calaini- tics. But the protecting hand of the libera- ting army liasliealed its wounds ;_it has brok- cnthe chains which Pizarro rivetted on the sons of Marion Capac, founder of tlie' ‘éinpitc ofthe Sun, and has placed all Peru in the pos- sessionofits priiiiitive tights. V My administration ‘cm; only be called a ‘campaign. lVe have hardly had time to arm ourselves and fight. Our appalling disasters ‘left us no choice, but to defend ourselves. As the army has triumphed with so much glory, I think it my duty to request Congress, to re- ward in suitable manner, the valor and virnies -ofthe defenders of the country. = ’I‘rihunals liav'e,been established according to the fundam'ent:il law. I have sought hidden merit wherever it was to be found, and placed it in offices oftrust and power.-— ‘I have carefully sought those who modestly follow the dictates of their conscieiicesaud re- spect the laws. The public revenue was annihilated—fraud had slit-it up all its channels. Disorder and cont"-.ision augmented -the miseries of the state—-I have been obliged to make essential .rcforins antl severe ordinances, to preserve the existence ofthe republic. Social life can- not bc nourished iftlie riches of the country do not freely flow in its veins. The crisis ofthe Republic forced me to a- dopt measures and to make reforms which _.ccutnrics may not again require. The polit- ical edifice had been destroyed by crimes and an t?xt¢_r_ti1i_tiafiug war-—I found myself on a iield-ofdesolatitiii, but yet with the means of cstablisliing a beneficial government. Not- ,withstanding my ardent zeal for the happi- ness of Peru, I regret that I cannot assure Congress that the great work has not yet at- tained the perfectioiil hoped. Congress will have to exert all its wisdom to give to the rolintry the organization it requires. Mayl be permitted to confess, that not being a Pe- ruvian, l.l~ll2lS, on that account been more dif- ficult for me to attain this desired end. Our relations with the reptiblic of Coloni- bia have obtained for us great assistance.-— Our ally and confederate withheld nothing fr. us-—she etnployed her treasure, her navy, her army in combatting the common enemy, as her own cause. Congress will be convinc- ed by these deiiionsfi'atit_iiis of Colombia--“of the iiifiuite value with wliit-b_ she views a ‘close and intimate federation ofthe new states. Impressed with the great advantages which will restilt from a meeting of a Congress of Representatives, have’ hastened to invite our coiifederates, in the name of Peru, to assem- _ ble as speedily as possible at the Islliuius of Panama. This august body will tlierc-s -al the perpetual alliance ofthe different states.‘ The republic of Chili has placed under the orders of our government, a part of her navy, commanded by the brave Vice Admiral Blan- 00, which is blockading Callao, with the Chi- lion and Colombian forces. The states of Mexico, Guatemala and Bus- pos Ayres have made us an offer of their ser- vices, which owing to our rapid successi:s,liave been without effect. These republics have cstablisfied theinselves and maintain their in- ternal t,ranqu'ility. The Diplomatic agent ofthe Republic of Colombia is t_h_e only one, as yet, accredited near our Goveriinieiif. The Consuls of Coltiinbia, nftlic U. States of America, and ofGi'eat Britaiu,_have pre sented themselves in this capital to exercise their oft'ices—-the «last has bad the misfortune ‘to perish in the most lamentable manner——the other two have obtained their exequaturs to . enter on the discharge of their duties. . Assoon as the mi,litar.y successes of Peru shall be known in Europe, it is propable that those governments will definitely decide on the political conduct they have to adopt. I flatter myself Great Brit,ain will be the first to recognize our independence. If we are to ‘credit the declarations of France, she will not delay in joining England in that liberal poli- cyr; and perhaps the rest of Europe will follow 'thc same conduct. Spain ' herself, ifslie lis- tensto her interests, will no longer" oppose the , existence ofthe new states, which will coin- pletc the friendly relations ofthe universe. Legislators ! In giving up to Congress the supreme power which you deposited i" hands, allow rue to congratulate the pe having rid themselves ofthe greatest cu the world. War, by the victory at Ayacuc and of despotism, by my resignation. Pro,- scribe forever, beg you,tlia_t tremendotis au- 'thority ; that authority whicli-was the grave of Route ! It was laudable, no_ dotibt, in Con- gross, in order to resist the dreadful calami- ties and to face the furious storms which des- olatetl the country, to place her laws on the ' bayonets of the liberating army ; but, as the nation has ‘obtained domestic peace-and po- litical liberty, the laws ought,to govern. , Gentlemen, the Congress is installed. My duty, as an auxiliary soldier, calls me to assist in obtaining the liberties of Upper Peru and the surrender of Callao, the last.bulwark of the Spanish empire in South America. I will then hasten to my country,to give an account to the representatives ofthe Colombian peo- ofmy mission in Peru-—-ofyour liberty,aud of the glory of the liberating army. BOLIVAI-1. Vfcliave already mentioned that the Sove- reign Congress of Peru had voted to Bolivar one million ofdollars, and it appears that an equal sum was also voted for the rise of the Colombian army. At the same time an act was passed ordering an equestrian statue to be erected in the Constitutional Square at Liuia, and ti medal to be struck with the bust of the hero on one side, and the inscription “ to otir Liberator, Simon Bolivar,” on the other. 'I‘lie following is Gen.Bolivar’s an- swer, declining to accept the pecuniary coni- .-To the President of fhe'C'ongress q/' Peru. "Excellent Sir'—-Tlie. muiiificence of the - Sovereign Congress has even surpassed itself with regard to the liberating army wliiclt has fouglit on the laitis ol'Ayacu_ch'o. Tlie'Gen- eial in Chief’, grand Marshall, has received a‘ recompense worthy of_tlie Scipios and worthy oflhe sovereign people. The other cbiefs,offi- cers and troops have been treated with the noblest genei-usiiy-,’Ctingress rivalling in mag- nanimity the liberators of its country-, has shown itself worthy of representing an august .people;" but, excellent sir, wasiiot the ‘confi- dence reposed in me by Congress a sufiicient honor ? Was not the glory wliich it confer- red in placing in my hands the destiny of its country, sufiicienl to satisfy ine .9 Why then scelt to humiliate, to confound me by exces- sive favours, by the ofI’er_of a treasure that I cannot except. Were I to receive the rewards ofi'el'erl me by Congress, my services to Peru would be obscured by their liberality. My most anxious wish is to hold Perti my debtor for the feeble services tliatl have consecrated to her cause. ‘ To disdain the traits of generosity with which Congress honors me, is far from my‘in- tention ; but I have never accepted similar rewards front Co'lombi:t,tlierefore it would be highly inconsistent to receive from the hands 0f Pertivians that which I have refused from those of my fellow citizens. I am satisfied, excellent sir, with the honor ofliaving lneriiedtlie esteem and gratitude of the Congress ofPoru ; the medal ordered to be engraved with my bust is so tnticli superior to my services that it alone will fill the meas- ures of my most unlimited desires--I accept this gift from Congress with an effusion of gratitude that no words can express. Be plea- sed, most excellent sir,to transmit to Qlie sove- reign Congress, in the name of the aiztny and ofmyself, the testimonies uiost expressive oi" our profound gratitude. I have the honor to offei to yoiirselftlie sentiments ofmy esteem. BOLIVAR. Bit.-tziL.-'—Tlie ship Phebe Ann has arrived at N. Bedford from Iiio Janeiro. bringing ad- vices to the Ezlst May. The Captain states that a government brig arrived on the 15th in six days from Motitevirleo, with despatclies announcing that a revolt had broken out in that Province. A general who formerly ser- V9(l under Artigzts was at the head ofthe rev- oltitionists, and had planted his standard a- round Montevideo. The general ccminand- ing inthis city stated he had not one thousand men on whom he could depend. In conse- quence oftlte above intelligence, the Emperor laitl an Embargo at Rio, prohibiting any ves- sel departing, bound to the soutb,and was em- barking sixteeu lmiidred troops with a Gener- al to supercede and take the cotiimand at Montevideo. At Pcrnambuco, on the 19th of May, an officer named Frayozc, who was engagetl iii the rebellion, was hung by order of the Em- peror. It was feared others would riieet the same" fate. ' Fitoni Mit'i‘.t.\'z.ts.-—We learn from Capt. Brothers, of the schr. Eagle, that accounts reached Mataiizas on the 16th inst. that the Negroes on several of the principal Planta- tions in the Partirlo of San Jose,distant about 90 miles,liad revolted, and had tnurdered in the most cruel manner the proprietors. The GOVETIIOI“ iininediutely despatchcd a large body oftroops to the scene ofaction, 2', when capt.B. sailed (152 days ago) it was understood the insurgents had been pretty much subdued after killing 60 or 70 oftheir iiiitnbcr. The whole number collected was said to be about 300—'—tliey had killed 15 or 9.0 whites, (inclu- ding one feiiialc)priiicipally foreigners. Great alarm, however, yet existed in the country, 8!. whole families were coming into the town for. security.—JlIcrc fldv. ‘ FROM E‘URO‘PE. London papers to the 23d May were rec’d at New-York on the ‘27th June. The Catlin- lic Relief‘ Bill was taken up in the House of Lords on the‘ 17th ofMay. Among the pe- iitions presented in favour ofit, was one by Lord Grey, which, he said, contained the sig- natures ofinore than 80,000 persons, among whom were the Duke of Norfolk. and all the Roinaii Catholic Peers, Prelates and Clergy, and the ancient Roman Catholic gentry of the kingdom. He referred the House to the time when their Catholic ‘ancestors tnade the .most powerful appeal against papal usurpa- iim]. He said the House had refused to doio Ireland what they had done to Aiiieritfa; and he hoped it might not bring about a similar separation. Lord Colchcster said,tlie kind of emancipation he wished to provide for Ire- land was, from bigotry and ignorance, and front that foreign power whose influence over the minds of her population had so inaterial- ly contributed to her dcbascnicnt. He also Wished to see her emancipatetl from the ex- treme subdivisions aucl ‘under-letting oflands, which kept her in poverty, and all its conse- qtient evils. He had found that the distress- es and disturbances of Ireland did not arise from any difference of religious feeling. _Thc Marquis of Anglesey said that every concessioii had only rentlered the Catholics more restless. They would be content with iiotliing short of Asccudaiicy Ifit intist be a trial of strength against the Prostestaiits, he ,could not yield to tlieui tlie right of‘ having tlieir Bishops appointed by any other power "but the king of the country. The Earl of Long-ford said it was urged that the adoption ofthe bill will add to the .pi'ospei‘it_v ofthe cotintry——|ie was contented with the station they had already reached.—— The “ necessity" ofthe measure reminded him of the old Irish cliiefiains :- "‘ You owe me tribute; and if you dou’t”'——“I owe you no tribtite; and ifI did——” Tbe're could be no Protestant security without Protestant as- _t:endancy- The Bishop of Norwich im- plored that the system ofinjury might be made to cease, which had been heaped oti five tull- lions Of loyal subjects and conscientious chris- iians. - There was no country in Europe iuore disgraced by penal laws than Ireland. Iftlie cliurch of En,-_vland could not be maintained without persecution, he would say let it fall. If worldly advantages could not be secured to liiui btit by the sufferings of so many fellow beings, they would have no cliariu for liiiri. The Bishop of Chester said'the Catholic- priests denounced the Protestant cliuich as a pest. A book, not indeed fully owned by them, but carried in triumph to Rome, and placed in cedar and gold, declared that “ the day ofber destruction is at hand,” and every pcnsation offered to liiiiiself: t... _ Catholic must assist. The ecclesiastical au-_ thoritf is temporal power. The pope» l'l_0!_I,1-, inates all the titular bishops bf~.I,|‘€l8|1fl_3.3I'.‘l} they appoint the inferior clergy. Was it ing that a foreign potentate should possess,-git’!-i the heart of the- kingdom, an army _l8_d _l)Y7b§;.f fleets of his own appointing ? ~»'-Pl“? P'9P°i’-'9 I809, claimed the right ofabsolving. from a,l-. lcgiancep The’bill would beaiscaling ladder against the church.———The'Marquis of Lans- dowiiqiiofed the example oftlieUnitetlStates, Holland,Prussia and Denmark in favor of,tbe bill. The Earl of Liverpool was willing to put it on the ground of expediency. The bill was miserably fratiied. In a free state all subjects are entitled to equal rights. 011 equal conditions—-—biit here the conditions are not equal. The Catholic offers only a divided allegiance. He had never heard an answer to this. ‘The Pope noiuinated to any vacant diocese in Ireland, and the clergy were boniid to obey. Are catholics then entitled to the same rights as the protestai'its ? the priests are absolute masters ofthe minds and actions oftheir flocks. The catholics do not, like the dissenters, lay the bible, as a corner stone of union with the Church of England. What could be done with elections if the priests“ could excomniunicatc a candidate? He held. that the protestant succession was the founda- tion of the government. If the bill passed, G. Britain would no;_longer be a protestant state. The effect would be slow btit sure.- To destroy the protestant church ‘was their ' oath, their every thine‘. Religion hadnothing to do with the distresses in Ireland. The Irish Catholics had more privileges than any peo- ple on the continent. The world are told by certain ptiblicatious, that nothing has been gained by the Reforiiiation ; but he would make no desperate experiments on a consti- tution under which G. Britain had engaged so much. , The Lord Chancellor said it was the declaration ofMi'. Pitt, that the Catli- olic claims could not be agreed to without complete securities to the Protestant estab- lishinent. ."I‘hese he hati not yet oiscovered in the bill, the preainble-‘indeed said, that it was to knit together the hearts ofmen, but it had already set the persons to be benefitted by the ears. By it, three Catholics were to regulate the intercourse with Rome, without giving any pledge forthe security ofthe crown: but he had sworn not to acknowledge any for- eign potentate. The house was divided, and the votes stood—For the bill, 130—Against it, 178-—Majority against it, 48. This decision produced a considerable sen- sation. A great meeting ofthe Catholics was held in London on the rllst to denounce the result, and to devise means for further efforts to obtain their cause. The bill now pending before Parliament for altering the rates of certain duties,repeals not less than four hundred and‘si'r!y_-five ex- isting acts! ! , Accounts from Madrid ofiliay 9, state that news had arrived that the troops at Seville, having nothing to live ripen, had risen and proceeded in a body to the residences of the "canons and dignitaries of the church, whose doors they forced open, and pillaged their" houses, crying “Down with the Clergy !— Down with the absolute governmeiit!” A Paris paperstates, t.liat;Ferdiuand is wil- ling to recognize the independence of Mexi- co, on coiiditiou that his brother the Infant Don Fraiicisco de Paulo shall be placed on the throne, under the protection ofSpain. The pfanchester petition against the Catli- olic Emancipation Bill,liad 43,028 signatures, measured 435 feet, and weighed 223 lbs. The costume preparing for the Duke of Nortliumberland, to be W cm at the coronation of the King of France, is estimated to cost 360,000 dollars. Spa'z'n and her Allics.——Tlie Madrid official Gazette of the Btst Ap_ril, contains a long declaration ofthe King o'fSpain, of which we have translated the followiifg passages: ' “I have learnt, with the most lively sorrow, that, for sometime past_,alartning reports have been circulated insiduously, tending to pro- duce_tlie belieftliat I airi counselled,& indeed atn to be obliged to make innovations in the presentsystetn of governinent, by altering the aiicietit laws ofthe state, and setting litnits to my Royal authority. To dissipate entirely such stippositions, is, for me,’ a duty and a gratification. In consequence, I declare that not only am I resolved to maintain entire and in all their plenitude the rights of my sovereignty, witliont yielding at any time the smallest part of it, nor permitting the estab- lishment ofLegistative chambers or other in- stitutions under whatever uaine, contrary to our laws and repugnant to otir habits; but e- vcn that I have the most positive assurance that all my august allies will continue to sus- tain the autlioiity ofmy crown,witliotit advis- ing or proposing, directly.or indirectly, any innovation in the forms of my government.” ' Constantinople, ./Ipril 2.‘3.—_-Alarming news has arrived front the Morea. Iliraliiin Pacha is in a desperate situation ; he is surrounded bytlie Greeks who are hastening to the spot front all quarters. The landing ofthis Egyp tian in Greece, has been the signal for a levy en massc. The masters of'Christian vessels arriving from the coasts, consider Ibraliiin as ruined. . On the 16th ofMay, Mr. Canning laid on the table ofthe British House of Comiiioiis, a treaty between Sweden and Great Britain re- lative to the-Slave Trade. According to the London Courier he held the following lati- guage on this occasion z—- _ ' _ 56 He would take that opportunity to state-— and he did so‘ with extreme regret—tliat a similar treaty which was in progress with the United States of America, had beeii,since the late change of Governors in that country, bio- -ken off, in consequence of the positive refusal of the New President to accede to it_; official notice of which had been received frotn that government." . . We have not a doubt that the pbraseology of Mr. Canning, which is so reuiarkable, is correctly reported. The change of Govern- ors ll We presume that his statement is er- roneous as to substance, and are stire that the New President is able.to vindicate fully what- ever he may have done on the subject.-.N‘af.G. The Slave Trade.—We have just conclu- ded, says the London Times, the painful task of reading tlirough a correspoiideuce on the Slave Trade, recently .published by order of the House of'Co'mmons. The result of that p'eru'sa'l upon otirjudgiiieirt-(for ofits effect upon nur feelings we will not sp'eak)—is, tliat after all the la/bours-of this cotxirtry, and ofits most virtuous and (.llSlll1gUlSlled‘ citizens, for _ I \ i- ;_§|l)0ll5l'IlDg the.,above.-unnatiiral and unholy -'ti;afii_c, we have gope thtis far»-live liavé ‘Wash-_ ,éd the blood from our own consciences, we ‘-‘l)aVe'WlIl__l(lt‘aWI) from the dreadfftil. partner- ‘sbip,and have set an upright and humane ex- -ample to niankitid ; but we have ‘not'dimir'i-' isbed by- one jot the mass of human guilt or of liutiian sufi'ei‘in_g. The slave trade flour- .islies with as tnuch horrible activity as at any former period. England is clear ofthe pol- -lution’, it is certain ; btit somebody must have nerves to declare the ‘melancholy aiidji"nor'i- fying truth--froui which all Englisliriicn of all parties are too ready, if not to wit~h|10ld their belief, at least to turn aside their atten- _tion—tliat tlieamouut ofAl'rican misery has not been reduced asiligle particle ;' it has, on the contrary, if any thing, been aggravated by the abolition of the British slave trade.- lft‘.ie flag ofEngland be no longer employed to cover this abomination, thercis scarcely a- nother flag in Europe, or, with the exception of the United States, out of Europe, by wliiclt it is not iuasked froiti the researches of our inen-of-war, or shielded from their forcible interference. France, Spain, Portugal, Hol- land, and Brazil, all have been, and are ap- parently to this hour, disgraced by the sub- serviency oftheir national colours to the ava- rice ofdealers in Negro blood, and by the a- trocious diligence oftheir subjects in the work ofdcsolation tlitoughout Africa. The evi- dence before us is not to be qticstioned that wars are perpetually iiistigated for the supply of slaves, who are furnished insuch abund- ance, that the price to the slave-merchant va- ries only froui half a dollar to between two and three dollars a piece. . What, then, becotnes of the beings thus wrested almost out of the keeping of their Maker ?_ They are cramnied—we might say pofled—into the hold ofa vessel, where space is assigned to them, (and for a voyage, be it remembered, across the Atlantic; in the fol- lowing proportions :---- port fr. the Emperor of Brazil fiir B75 slaves, a little more than one-third ofa ton for each! The brig Cerqueira, of'304 tons, was licen- sed for 761 slaves! The sclir. .-‘trola, 108 tons, 270 slaves! such is the art ofpotting ne- gioes for use. Vl'ell may the villains who engage in this traffic calculate, that one cargo in four escapiiig constitutes a profitable trade, when the prime cost of what, according to their otlioiisj;irgon",'is termed “ ebony,” aver ages a little more than a dollar each “ log” (lmiiiaii body,) and brings at the Havana be- tween two and three hundred. New Yortr-:,July 1.-—A. company ofenter- prising gcntleuieu have just coinineuced roti- ning a line ofsteani boats and what they term safely barges, between this city and Albany. The new steam boat Conimercenvitli the barge Lady Clinton in tow, started yesterday after- noon for the first time, and excited-the admi- ration of a great number of persons who had assembled to witness them. The Commerce is an elegant and staunch built boat of 270 tons burthen, drawing forty- six inches w-.tter,with an engine of great pow- er and upon the iuost improved constrtictioii. and has geeiitcl accoinuiodations for about 60 passengers. The cabins are remarkably safe and pleasant, and that on deck is_ covered by a substantial roofor promenade deck, of up- wards of60 feet in length by 40 in breadtli.— The boat has, also, a forward and after hold for the accommodation of freight, together with all the necessary fixtures for carrying the same, and is capable ofcarrying 150 tons of mercliandize or produce with convenience. To attain that degree of safety and comfort for passengers which has long been consider- ed a desideratuin, the proprietors have been induced to build and equip the safety barge Lady Clinton, which is towed by the Com- merce in such a manner and with such speed as to remove all reasonable objections to this mode ofcoiiveyauce. This boat is nearly 200 tons burthen, and fitted exclusively for pas- sengers,witli a dining table ofuear 100 feet in length, a deck cabin for the accommodation ofladies, and a range of state rooms for pri- vate familes, together with a reading rootn, and all the usual accoriiiiiodations found ii: the best steam boats. Over the whole is a promenade deck moretliau 100 feet in length furnished with scttees and covered -with good awnings : the whole forming perhaps the best and most inviting establishment ever offered to the public. It may also be added, that this safety barge is constructed of the most buoy- ant materials, and is incapable of being sunk, even with a hole in her bottom by any weight of passengers or baggage that would ever be put on board. She will also be free front the noise and jarring which is so annoying to pas- sengers, in steam boats, as well as exempted from the heat which is unavoidably occassion- ed by steam boat boilers. It is the intention of the proprietors toes- tablish a daily line of this descriptiou,between New York and the cities of Albany and Troy. For this purpose the steam boat Swiftsurc, of the satiie dimensions with the Comuierce,will soon be put in operatioii,aud will be attended with a safety barge, equal in accoininodatious to the Lady Clinton. CASE OF UR. LAM BERT. On the 30th ult.Judge Emvanns pronoun- ced sentence on the seven persons who caused the death ofhlr. Lambert. The following is his address on the occasion :— ' A jury of _votir country, selected under cir- cumstances peculiarly favorable to you,have, after a long and patient hearing ofyour cause pronounced you guilty of the criine,of Mau- slattghter. The ciicumstauces which led to, and-attended, the commission of this crime were briefly these--[Tbe Judge here recapit- ulated, in a lticid iiiauiier, the testimony.] This outrage upon the peace of the city,the laws of your country, and, I may well add,np on liuinanity, eventuated in the death of Mr. David R. Lriiiibeit,-a gemleinaii who has been long and pre-eminently distinguished among us for the purity and aiiiiability ofliis charac- ter;—-who was warmly andmost affectionate- ly regarded by all who k-iiew liim,; ‘Whose whole life was so remarl-'.ably'characterised by acts of kindness and generosity, that Iaiiay almost say that when Mr. Lambert died a whole cotiiuiunity were in tears. Uiider any circtiinstaiices, even by the act of an infinite- ly wise and holy Providen~::e,the death of Such a man would li;_.ve been mourned as a public misfortune : but t_o have him cut off by the in a- lone, Part of u)e_ci[y,iIl the full possession ofhis faculties, with ‘all his kind-ly feelings warm. about him, b'y"irten' wliotu he had never -. The ship Minerva, of.‘.’.70 tons, bad a pass- hand ofvioleuce,in the dead hour ofthe night,- I 7inj_ared, in mere .wqnton_n'ess, in-the crrercisév o'f a ferocious disposhloti, gave a sliockto the ' tnoral sense q‘f9}this' cdnitiiunity which has been but rarelyfwitiiessed. In you we behold the perpetrators ofthis deed. Ido not in:')tite it to you that-you metlitated thedeath of any you‘did meditate was one which, in the ord‘r.- uary course ofevents, is not unfrequeiitly at.- Femled with such consequences. This view of your coiidtict, ifyoii possess, those feelings which are common to the youth ' .of_our country, will awaken reflections more painful than the putiishiiient which the law '”ll’°l.5"P0n your critiie.' If. fortuoately,the’v 5h°"ld Produce this efI'ect,it may be the ineaiis of so far mollifying your dispositions and reg- "l“""g Y0"? conduct, that hereafter you will become duly_sensible' and dtily regardful of ' all 3' relations to y_oiir fellow men, and, to‘ your kind and merciful Creator. ‘V8 do not feel ourselves at liberty to limit our views of your case, in fixina votir p'unish- ment merely to what would liedue. to’ yon‘ personally for your crime ;nor to what inig'h‘t‘ be__ necessary to reform you. The feadirfg’ object oftlie_law, in punisliing the guilty,is to‘ protect the innocent. The laws have been’. uiost wisely fraiued to answer this end. They . have, however, tionary_power, within certain limits, in the’ was delegated, under a full confidence that it-would be exercised in strict pursuance of the policy ofthe law; and that mercy would be no further shown to the guilty than might be consistent with the safety of the innocent. We therefore do not consider ourselves at lib-’ erty~to.close_ our eyes upon the fact that we reside in an immense and growing city, coui- ' P_“§”‘g 3 '"l’_“3(l population ;and, like all such . cities, containing a multitude of vicious spir- "Ss al“'a)'5 Yefldyi the moment they cease to 0 feel the restraints ofthe law,to depredat up- i on the rights ofothers. Riotous assemb ages at night, like the one you were engaged in, are, from the sudden combination of strengt ft which they can here readily acquire, peculiar- ly calculated to break down the safeguards of‘ the law, and to lay the community open to lawless violence. For these reasons the law, which is the oflispriiig ofthe experience of a- >‘.3e3s fmwns with severity upon them. For these reasons it rlenoiiiices as murder the kil- ling ofa man in a riot, in pursuit of an object which might be attended with danger to an- other. As the jury liave acquitted you of the charge of murder, it camiot legally be imput- ed_to you; but the crime of which you are §UlllYi tt_i_legal contemplation, fallslbut little. short of it_: for the court to disregard these considerations in fixing your puiiislimcnt, would be equivalent to an assumption that they were wiser than the law. ~ In fixingtlie'punishment,we intend not on- 'ly to teach you to know, but all vicious young mfmi 85 well as others, that the law is and will be their master; that by night as well as by day-—that in the lone parts of the city as well as in the populous places---it walks side by side with the citizens; and ifit cannot al- ways protect, yet it will trlways punish, and severely too,wheiiever the workers ofiniquity are brought within its grasp; and thaf“ altlio’ it has leaden feet, yet it has iron hands; and though slow in its operatiou,yet it is irresisti- ble when it siezes upon its prey.” No matter how extensive may be the combinations, how violent may be the outrages, yet such is the energy ofthe law, sucliis the fidelity $1. vigor K of the great body of the” community, that the workers of iniquity will be forever foiled-—- will be made severely to suffer. In fixing your ptinishnient, therefore, we have most. deliberately considered what is due to your crime, what is proper for your correc- tion, and above all, what is due to the people, ‘vhf’: under the law, must look to the courts ofjtistice for protection. By these consider- atioiis, we are bound to govern ourselves, by assuming the trust which the people have del- egated to us, and by a humane regard to the welfare of otir fellow men. However much, we may pity your situation, however much we may coiiiiiiisserutcthe feelingsofyour parents (and we do most sincerely comuiisserate them) ‘ yet these inustyield to the paramount duty of protecting a whole cotnmtiiiity. VVere we to pass lightly by a crime ofyour enorinity,were we to drop the-sword ofjustice on an occasion like the present, we should weaken the confi- dence of the community in the protection of lhe laws; it would give bead and confidence to violence, and public opinion would, and justly,v_isit upon us the consequence of future outrages. We have duly considered the testimony which was given in support of" your charac- ters ; and we have estimated it in connection with the evidences of it afforded by the facts developed on the trial.‘ We have paid a most respectful regard to the recommendation of the jury. We have considered youryouth. ———In fixing your seuteiice we have mitigated your punishment as far as a commanding view ofthe whole ground will warrant us in doing. The sentence ofthe court, therefore,is,that you be confined in the state prison of the- southern district, at hard labour, for the term ofseven years; the three first oiontlis to be in solitude and the reiiiaiuder at hard labor. Before you leave the bar, let me atliiiotiish; you not to indulge in expectations of a speedy pardon. However lightly you may estimate your crime, depend upon it, that all consider- ate iiieti think it a serious one ;. and that in all probability you will be made to suffer long for it. a course of m.ost exeinplary conduct may pro- duce, tiiiie willsliow. It is, bowevri“, the on.»- ly key which willunbar your prison doors; in is the only mode by which you can restore- yourselves to the confidence of your fellow ‘citizens; it is what you must solely rely npoir towards rendering your lives respectable and happy.-——-Before I leave the bcucli, I owe it’. to my station, [owe it to the. coinninnity, to- whose favor I am indebted for the honour of serving tlicui bere,,to avail myself of-'thi's pub- lic occasion to make some observations upon an evil. the existence of which has been de- veloped in the course ofthis trial. It appears from the testimony, that these young men were intoxicated at the house of one of Out’ licensed: retailers ofspiritous liquors; that the 'keeperl of the house helped. them to 7 glasses each. That this city aboniids with houses li-. censed to retail» spiri-tous liqtiors, wliiclt the the resort, not simply of laborious tl.tt‘|l_s ‘VH0; go for refresliriients, but for fathers, of lips-. baiids, of sons, who go for the purpose oibeiiig, "intoxicated, is a. fact of general” notoriety.'—- That the deplorable tnass of liuinan miser_v which results from inienipe-raiioe isto at con.- man: Ido not believe it: But the outrage ., necessarily vested a discre; A courts in fixing the punishment. This power ‘ What impression uponthc Ex.ecuti—v.e-.7 _ L \ -I.
Norwalk Chronicler