Norwalk Gazette, Tuesday, January 25, 1825 · page 2

_, ,.:,,,,,.g_,,__=...,._.,...,.__ ,. .
I

 

- s‘ 

......,.,.,__‘,e,,‘,.—7‘;flx..._.v_”__.g. _; _, , A ,-

~ ~ -.-.u..»-

if
I
.
'r'
..

 

 

 

FOREIGN News. ..
By arrivals at N.York on the 16th and 17th
inst. London and Paris papers to the 1st Of
December have been received.

" ‘Mr.F_auntleroy was executed pursuant 10

his sentence, on the 80th of November. He
met his fate with firmness and composure.-
Mr. F. was in the 41st year of lits age; of
middle stature; rather inclined ‘to stotrtness.
His complexion was pale, and his hair quite
grey+-being short sighted, he constantly wore
glasses. By all accounts he wast__ranquil and
resigned. It is said that it required lb,000

. pounds annually, to pay the interest on the

aniount ofhis forgeries. At three o’clock in
the afternoon, the undertaker employed by
the fatiiily ofthe utiforttinate gentleman. at‘-
rived at Newgate to demand the body of Mr.
Fauntleroy ofthe Governor. It \vasiiiiniedi-
ately delivered over to him in the shell in
which it had been placed whet) f€|"0V9d “Om
the scaffold. It wasdressed, and the features
appeared not to have undergone the least
change. It was deposited in a leadeu coffin,
and then in a superb case. The ltnieral was
expected to be very private. .
The London papers thus describe Mr.
Fauutleroy’s last interview with his Wife 1
“ The meeting was affecting in the ex-
treme. Mrs. Fauntleroy dropped almost
senselessinto his arms upon epgprttig his a-
partment, and some-‘minutes ehtpsed before
either could address a word to the other.--—
Their son roused them from this condition,
and then all the language wbiclraffecttoii
could dictate, was uttered. At a little after
19. o’clock, it was thought necessary to sepa-
rate tlietn. The struggle tvas most painful.
Mrs. Fauntleroy was taken from his embrac-
es, in a. condition bordering tipoii frenzy.-—
Some time elapsed before the unfortiii_iate
convict becaine,tranquil, atid that tranquility
was affected by turning to the Scriptures, and
a conversation with the Rev. Mr. Sprnigett.”

The last interview between Fauntleroy and

the lady with whom he lived as a llLlSDiin(l, is

thus described :—“ She had by his advice ab-

stained from visiting him for several weeks;

but it was naturally expected that he should

be anxious, before he left the world, to bid a

long adieu to her and his childrcn,_ and yes-

terday was appointed for carrying into eflect

this painful purpose. About eleven o’cloc_k

Mrs. Forbes arrived at Newgate, dressed in

the deepest mourning, bringing with her two

lovely babes, both girls, of the ages of 

months and 3 tnontlis, both of them also in

mourning. Passing through the lotig antl

dreary passages ofthe prison, she enteretl the
apartment where Mr. Fauiitleroy is confined.
who, on seeing her, appeared afflicted with

the deepest anguish. He etnbraced her and

his children with tnost affectionate ardour ;—

his feelings were evidently wrought up to the
highest pitch ofiutense agony. After renia_in-
iug with him about an liotir the tltstressjiig
motneiit ofseparation arrived, which it is tiri-
possible to describe. Alter Mrs._ Forbes had

quitted him, as she sripposed for ever, aiitl
had reached an adjoining rootti, Mr. Fauntle-
roy came out three different times again to
bid her farewell, antl at last, addressing her
in a tnost solemn and impassioned manner,
said, “ Maria, you must expect that the cir-
cutiistatices in which you are placed will ex-
pose you to the observation and scoffs of the
woi'ld—re;~:_ard them not; but place your con-
fidence in Almighty God ; and I charge you
to bring tip these dear children in his fear.—'
Recollect that these are the words ofa dying
man. Oh ! do not neglect them.” He then
sunk on a. seat which was near, evinen o-
verpowered by the acutest anguish. Its.
Forbes fell into Msiolent hysterical paroxisni,
in which she continued a long time.

A tremendous storm was experienced in
England the last ofNoveniber, which contin-
ued for two days, and by ivliicli there was 3
great loss oflives and property both upon the
coast, as well as in the interior‘. The papers
enumerate about thirty vessels, sotne of them
large and valuable merchant ships, which
were wrecked, and nearly all of their crews
and passengers lost. Many others not enu-
merated were also known to have been lost.
The losses sustained at Lloyd’s are beyond
calculation, and are scarcely equalled in the
memory ofthe oldest member of the house.

Nearly all the villages along the coast were
inundated,aiid some of the inhabitants drown-
ed in the streets. A great nutnber of houses
were blown dowti, atid trees torn up by the
roots.‘ A clergytiian and his wife, in Dor-
chester, were crushed to death in their bed
by the falling of a chimney. 300 feet of the
battlcuients of Fonthil Abbey were blown
down, antl glass broken to the amount of
several hundred pounds.———-Muliitudes of

sheep £1. cattle were swept away by the flood.

In many places the inhabitants saved their
lives by letting thetnscives from their window-_<,

into boats-—otliers escaped by swimming.
3

.N'cws from Perst'a.—Letters from Shiras
announce that in the month of April, 1894,
there had been an earthquake which lasted
six days and six nights without intermission,
and whicli.liad swallowed up more than one
halfoftliat unlorttiizate city, and oventnown
the other as was the case at Aleppo. Nearlv
all the inhabitants fell victims to the catastro-
phe; scarcely five hundred persons could
save themselves. Other letters from Aber.
koh aunotince that the satne shock, but less
violent, had been felt there.

“Razroon, a city between Aborkoli and
Shiras was swallowed up with almost the
whole ofthe inhabitants, in consequence of
the same earthquake. All the mountains
surrounding Razroon were levelled by it and
no trace ofthem now remains.

His majesty Charles the Xth is busy in vis-
iting objects and places in the vicitiity of Par-
is, and is said to show a decided partiality to
all the branches ofuseful inanufactures,which

A it is foretold, will flourish in an unprecedent-

ed manner during his reign.

By the Madrid papers ofthe 25th tilt. it ap-
pears that nine Constitutionalists were egg.‘
cured a_t Cortitina, for crimes alledged to have
been C()ml¥’tll.lC(l in July, 1893.

Letters from Madrid state that oti the 19th
ult. a Cabitiot Council was held at tile l_-Iscii-
rial, at the close of which it was asserted that.
a general amnesty would appear, with the ex-
ception of only ten Chiefs ofthe Revolution,
and that M. Zea Bermudez had received or-
ders from the King to furnish an opinion on
the subject of granting a sort of Constitti-
tional Charter. The condttct ofthe Spanish
Authorities, however, but ill accorded with
this report, for arbitrary arrests were still the

had even gone so far as toissue-‘an order coni-
inanding all the inhabitants to deliver what-
ever books might be in their possession, and
all papers printed since 1820, to the curates
oftlieir respective districts, who were _to-‘re-
turn such as they considered proper to remain
in existence, and to birth all others.

It is stated it) letters from Vienna thata ve-
ry serious dispute arose between Russia "and
the Porte' towards the end of September, on
account of an arbitrary act of Aclimet Age,
the Turkish Military Commander at Jassay.
This iiidividtial havingquarrelled ivith a Mol-
davian officer, had liitn decapitated without
trial, and in defiance ofthe treaties made with
Russia, by which the safety of all Moldavian
subjects was provided for. The renionstran-
ces of Russia, and her tletnantl for reparation,
are said to have been treated with contempt
by the Porte, and to have led to a declzira-
tion,oii the part ofthe Emperor Alexander.
that he would no longer submit to the insults
which he had borne frotn a desire to avoid an
open rupture. These threats caused great it-
lartii to the Divan, and on the 14th October
they catne to the resolution to dismiss Acli-
met A gar frotii his post.

Intelligence from Turkey represents the
Greeks as still maintaining theirascendency.
Lord Strangford had passed down the Dar-
danelles. Advices frotn Constantinople tin-
der date of the 15th October, say: “ The fate
ofthe Captain Pacha is finally knowu—sick,
and in disgrace with the Sultan, he is still in
the Dardanelles, having been forbidden to
appear in the capital. The Paclia of Egypt’s
sort has been named cotntnantler of the sea
forces ofthe Porte; but where is he now ?—
He is said to be a prisoner at Hydra. The
Porte keeps a dead silence on recent events.
It is reported that theTurkisli commander of
Jusey has decapitated a Moldavian officer,
and great disquietude is felt on accotint ofit.”

0_/Iicial Report of the Greek ./Jrlmirat .-'lImu-

lis ofthe late success ofhis Sqtt(1(.fI'07l.-—Fellr)\v
Citizens !——On the 24th inst. having been in-
fo'rtned that the united fleets of the etictnies
were at anchor in the Gulfof Bottdrotini, we
selected ten vessels of war aiitl 3 fire-ships. 8:.
ordered them to go against the enemies, in
cotnpany with some Spezziot &: Ipsariot ves-
sels. The retnaiiidcr we kept behind to wait
until the eticiiiy should ptit to sea, and coin-
mence an attack. This plan succeeded coin-
pletely ; at 3o’clock their iinitetl fleets pttt to
sail, and ot.ir 10 vessels began the skirmish ;
at 4 we joined them, and the battle cotiiriien-
cetl, and lasted two liotirs, in which time we
lost two fire ships by the caniiotiaditig of the
enemy. The loss of the enemy was great,
liaviug among their killed and wounded the
commander ofa corvette, 4 officers belonging
‘to the captain Paclia’s vessel, a rear admiral,
a nephew ofthe Turkish commander, an Al-
gerine captain, and many iueti. On the 27th
and 28th we had frequent skirniishing, and on
the tnorniiig ofthe 20th the enemy takina
advantage of the iviiid commenced a lieavy
canuonading upon its, which was l‘€llll‘|l£'d
with greatspirit. At 6 o’clock we succeeiled
in getting a fire ship into‘ the niidst oftlieir
fleet, but the witid favoring them they escap-
ed. At 7 o’clock the battle became treueral.
Then proud Pluto, with the wide J,-itvcec, Ce.--
berus, must have smiled on seeing on otie side
the enemy, like :1 wildcat, bearing down with
desperation On the Greek vessels ; aiitl on the
other side the Greeks, opposing the eueniy’s
impetuosity, like haughty lions, despising
such reptiles, and threw themselves on them,
as the eagles from the air seize on the creep-
ping serpents, and casting their fires against

he enemy’s, as Jupiter casts forth his thun-
deibolts,and hidingtlieir fireships from their
sight, as the cat hides its claws from the
arouse. At noon, an Egyptiati brig, ofthe
finest sort, offltl guns, fell into our s:iare.——
The cotiitnatider oftliat brig, uatned Meliem-
et, a native ofCos, was one ofthe most deter-
mined enemies ofthe Cliristian name. There
were more than 800 men on board. Pipuios
and Matrosns, two ofthe Captains ofotir fire
ships, the fortner ofwlioin had been wounded,
together with one of his coiiipaniotts, iriiiiie-
diately ran against the enemy, who began fr.
despair to cast themselves into the sea, and
more than 100 men were drowned in that
tnanner. The wind, which was favorableto
the brig, liinderetl it from‘ taking fire on all
sides, and bore it towards the GulfofNauta-
ha, where it was entirely consuuied. Atoiie
o’clock, P. M, the brave Papantonis, com-
manding a fire ship, went againsta frigate, to
which he comtnunicstted the Greek fire with
the greatest skill, which tended to warm the
enemies who were on board whose blood was
chilled by fear. That brave man resisted half
air hour the heavy iiitisket fire ofthe enemy ;
he lost Elofhis men, who ascended to Heaven
with cries oftriutriph, and he had liinisclf a
Slight wound in the leg. Then we sent anoth-
er fire ship, cotnniautled by capt. Papikiottis,
who set fire to the other side of the same fri-
gate, and in that manner that fine firigate fell
a victim to the flames ofthe Greeks, near the
shore ofJeronta. It was a Tunisian frivate
and had riiore than nine litindred etieniigs ori
board. ’l‘lie Commander was the bravest and
the most skilftil of all the eiietny’s officers.-—
He had titider his coiiitnaiid 8 other vessels of
the Tunisian division. He and a Bitnbasi,
(conitriaiider of 1000 men) of Meliemet Ali,
threw themselves into the. sea io save them-
58lV95i=l|’ld were taketi alive by the Greeks,
and now they are on board of the vessel of
Captain Chatnalos. At three o’clock P. M.
the enemy, seeing the terrible sight ofthe
conflagratton of the frigate, began to flee.-
Atnoiig our sailors were only killed or woun-
ded those-abovetiientioned. Onesoldier alone
was killed by the encmy’s fire. The eneiny’s
force only consists in the size of their vessels
and the iiutnbers oftheir Cal‘Il]0ll'~‘. The so-
iiiticli-boasted organised troops ofthe Egyp-
tians consist ofa few heartless buys, a thous-
and ofwliotn would stand a little chance a-
gains! asiugle Greek. We are sure ofthis,
since we hayo seen it from those who threw
thqtnselveslinto tliesea; and were taken alive,

"t is real y astouislitng how the Pacna 0|
Egypt could have thought ofsiiccess fm. such
a childish expedition. And now we can eas.
ily see that, not being able to ‘injure Greece
in any other manner, he wished to infect our
cotttitry with the itnptire blood ofthose Arab
children, and with their carcasses.

 

New—YonK, Jan. 2l.—-Latest from Peru,
Accounts frotn_(_.allao to the 8d ofNovetuber,
received at Philadelphia, by the way of Aca-
ptilco and Mexico, state that Canterac was

retreating before Bolivar towards Cuzco, that

:-

order ol'the'day in Madrid, and the police the army pffiuenos Ayresiiaditialgen possess-been madeof the rotit_é,0ftliis_;-éaiial, before,
ion orsevera] ofthe mining pipvinces in Up- jthe Revoltttion. " The first.legtslative,_._step on

per Peru, and that the_,reinfor_ce‘rnents which
were on the way from Chili to Colotiibi3t,_ren-
dered it certain that the war would speedily
terminate in the full triumph ofthe patriots.

The brig,'I‘ampico (which ar. at N. Y. on

the 292d) sailed from Ligtiira on the lst.i|1§l,-I

and was boarded by the Spanish brig of Witt
Ronialibra, Capt. Cottau, botind into that
port for the purpose ofsurrendering herselfto
the Colombian gov’t. and joining the Patriot
cause. The officers antl crew ltad agreed to
the measure tinaniinously. The Rrinialilira
carries Q2 guns, antl had been cruizing for a-
bout a year with considerable success, but the
crew had not rec’d any ofthe prize tnoney.

The Tanipico carried out from this port to
Laguira, the gentleman who recently acted -.3
‘ ' _ 1 g . I
Spanish Lonsul at Charleston, but wlm ,,,.t,.
lrcly renotinced_liis goveintneut, and proceed-

ed tojoin the Patriots.

CARACCAS, Dec. m.—-The Intendent and
Cointiiander in Chiefof Guayaquil states in
a conintunication ofthe ‘29th of Sepieniber,
that oti the day preceding, a vessel bad arriv-
ed from Guanchaco, after a passage of6 days,
with 'ttitelligend’e that prior to sailing, a couri-
erhad arrived from the Liberating arniv, with
intelligence ofa victory gained by the'Liber-
ator nearthe river Apuritnac, the result of
which had left Canter-ac with no more um,
one thousand six hundred tiien. S

The Spanish line of battle ship Asia, and
brig Achilles, entered Callao oti the 122th of
S‘-‘PL ‘met’ h“Vi"L’,’ tlechnetl an action offered
‘he'll bl’ ‘he lnlrepitl Vice Admiral Guise.-
The city of Litiia was abandoned bv the
Spaniards on the l6tli ofAugust. ' ‘

JV’egro P10‘ in St. T.TLo7nr1s.—-On the 15th
tilt. a dangerous plot was disc-ove_yed among
the negroes and nitilattoes, at St. Tliotnas—
81 wretclies were concerned in it. They had
laid their plan to capture a sclir. and a sloop
having goods and specie on board to the a-
m0Un.[ 0f$30.000. A privateer sloop with 25
of the conspirators sailetl on the 15th Dec.
and waited at a little distance front the port
to capture these vessels. The plot also ex-
tended to the city. It was arraiiged that on
Christmas night the town shotild be set on
fire in the four extremities, and that at the
same ttine the negroes should rise and mas-
sacre the whites. The plot was discovered by
a lady who overheard the conversation of the
conspirators, and gave such information that
they were imtiiediately arrested. One ofhis
Danish majesty’s hrigs was sent in pursuit of
the privateer sloop, and succeeded in captur-
ing it. 4

-60%-
CONGRESS.

In the Hoiise, on Wednesday, the 13th, a
bill was rep‘ortetl by the Coininittcc of VVays
and Means, “ aiitliorizing the Secretary of
the Treasury to horroiv a sum not exceeding
twelve millions of dollars, or to exchange a
stock of 41-52 per cent for a~certaiu stock
bearing an interest of 6 percent,”

On the 14th, Mr. Wriglit, ofOliio, presen-
ted the following, which was ordered to be
printed. Resolved,’l‘liat a committee heap-
pointed to prepare and report such rules as iti
their opinion may be proper to be observed
by this Housein a choice of President of the
U. States for the period offour years frotn the
-1tliof'.\Iarch next, if, on coiintiiig the votes
given in the several States in the manner pre-
scribed in the Constitution, it shall appear
that no person has received a majority of all
the Electors ofPresident and Vice President
appointed in the several States.

On the lfitli, oti motion of Mr. Reynolds,
it was Resolved, That a committee be ap-
pointed to inquire into the expetlieiicy of ap-
propriatiiig a sum of money, not exceeding
tlollzirs, for‘tlie purpose ofiiiiproving the
navigatioii ofCutnbcrland River, in the State
of 'I‘eiiiiessee.

ln explaining the olject ofhis resolution,
Hr. Reynolds auitnadvcrted on the cotirse
which had been adopted by the friends ofthe
Cumberland Road, in asking for an appropri-
ation for a certain portion of that road. He
also referred to the cotirse ofargument which
had been taken, in complaining ofthe dispro-
portion which the appropriations made to the
eastern and nortlieru sections bears to those
niadeto the west. The eastern and northern
States had been in cxisteiico long before the
western States, and, in the nature of things,
iiitist have received a far greater share of the
favors of the general goveriitiient.

In addition to this, the very situation and
circutiistatices of those States deinantled a
greater share of public appropriations. He
expatiated on the advantages wlticli tiiust re-
suit from the navigation of the great western
rivers. He cxpatiated on the benefits to be
expected from the great canal from the Po-
tomac to the Ohio, and which would connect
the western States with the States of the At-
lantic. \V'.ien the example, so greatly set by
New York, should be followed, it would not
be a subject of wonder to see the hardy sons
ofthe north 3:. the east setting down in peace
and prosperity otitlie banks of the Cumber-
lantl. With regard totlie locatiouof a na-
tional armory, the navigation ofthis river was
ofthe utmost iuiportance, as the site selected
for this building was 'on the batiks of one of
the brauclies ofCinnberland, which ‘ may be
easily iuade navigable. He had received a
letter frotn Pittsbttrg. He would not tnention
its contents; but he would call tip the resolu-
tion he had submitted, and inquire what was
doing in the location ofhis armory. He mo-
ved that the resolution be had, offered lie on
tlietable.

Orders of the Dag/.—-On the unfinished bu-
siness being called up, Mr. Webster stated
that the Committee rose yesterday, on the
tiiotiori ofthe houonrabfe Speaker, who was,
ofcourse, entitled to the floor. That gentle-
tnaii was titiforttttiately prevented by intlispo-
sition frotii taking the floor to-day,an.'l hoped
the bill relative to the Cumberlatid Road
would he allowed to stand ‘over till Monday.

Delaware amt C‘/tcsapettke Canal Stock.——
The House then went into committee on the
bill “authorizing the subscription of stock in
the Delaware and Chesapeake Canal Corti-
pany,” by a vote of 9E!——Mr. Totnlinson in
the chair. The bill, which authorizes the
Secretary oftiie Treasury to stibscribe, in the
iiatne ofthe United States, for 1500 shares
in this stock, was then read.

Mr. Hemphill stated, that the amount of
these 1500 shares, would be 800,000 dollars.
He coiisidcretl the bill ofsufficient import-
ancc to justify a few remarks. A survey had

‘ ’_compauies were foriiiied. ".Pll_6..Slll)j8C[- came

‘ted in the House, and one which had been

for the general 'welfare, than you have to ask

2

the subject-was _taken .by the Legisl'at,ti_re_of
.\laryland_, which proposed to "co-operate"‘i.vitl,1
Delaware and Pennsylvania.’ In conseqtience
of the law wliich_'w'as, subsequentl'_v-passet.l;‘2

before Congress in‘ 1806 ; atidfavottifable re-
ports were made in the Senate at various
times, from 1806 to t8t3. Several bills_ also
passed the Senate. The house ofRepre‘seut-
atives had also had the subject beforetliem
from 1806 to 1894. and several reports i_n-ftt-
vor ofthe canal were tnade. _ Several bills‘
were also reported in the House, to create
stock. The state ofMaryland had passed a
conditional act on the subject in 1813, and
the state ofPennsylvania had also acted ,g—
btit no law passed which was effective in its
‘character, timll 18°23. The report subse-
quently made by the Engineer, was frilly ap-
proved of by the President. The catial is to
he 60 feet wide, l8‘fcet deep, autl I4 tniles in
length. Contracts have been madc,tlie latids
purchased, am! the workmen coinnieticcd in
April, 1824. In one part oftltis canal, called
the Deep Cut,. more earth will be retuovetl
than has ever been retnoved within the same
space, iii any part of the world. The estim-
ates for the whole canal are aliotit-$‘l,390,000;
of which $700,000 have been suhscribed.—
Nothing is now wanted for the completion Of
this work, but the countenance ofthe general
government. Matty persons who are ready
to purchase shares, are fearful lest the work
should be again stispended. ‘The counten-
ance of the government will remove this ap-
prt-.liension, aud’intlncethosc persons to co-
operate. Ina military point of view, as a
channel oftransportation of stores 8:. troops,
this canal is ofthe highest iinportanee. The
tlifiiculty of transporting merchandise across
the isthmus is very great. The coiiipletiou
of this work would be as beneficial to this city

as to any other place. The vessels which will

pass through this canal are the satire as those

which navigate the Distnal Swamp Caiial.——
He had no doubt that it general system would

be adopted by the U. States ; btit there were

tnatiy particular opjects which might not be

etnbraccd in this general systeiti. If a stitii

were distributed atnong the states, in the ra-

tio of their popnlatioii, Maryland, :D8lfl\'-Tire,

and Pennsylvania would not derive an equal

advantage froui thistneasure. He would not

attetnpt to name any specific profits which

may be anticipated from this canal. He was

satisfied that the stock would not be unpro-

tltictive. He repelled the idea that it was not

yet time to continence works of this cliarac-

ter, asinapplicable to a country whose popu-

lation exceeds teri millions. He hoped the

general government would act in unison with

the spirit of the nation, and tnake a coni-

rnencement of a system which must be so em-

inently ofadvaiitage to the whole country.

No amendment being offered, the C0ml‘llll.~'
tee rose and reported the bill, and tlieti by a
vote ofl:5 to 891 it was ordered to be engross-
ed for a third reading. The house adjourned.

In the Senate on Monday January 17, Mr.
Van Buren, from the Committee on the Ju-
dici-.iry,to ivlioin the resolution was referred,
mitlinrizing the purchase ofa certain iititiiber
ofcopics ofthe Journals of Congress, from
I774 to 1788, reported it without amendment.

Mr. Van Buren presented the memorial of
Enrico Cansici, sculptor, praying that an ad-
ditional appropriation may be matle, to enable
him to proceed to execute,in marble, an alle-
gorical group, for the use ofthe Senate Chain-
ber, which he has modelled in plaster, under
an appropriation heretofore made by Congress
for that purpose. Referred to the select cont.
appointed on the letter fr. Rembrandt Peale.

Mr. Mills, fruit) the select committee ap-
pointed on the letter of Retnbrandt Peale, re-
ported a bill “ to authorize the ptircliase of
the Equestrian Portraitof Washington, by
Rembrandt Peale ;” which was twice read.

The engrossed bill to abolish iiiipiisonment
for debt was rejected, 23 to 20, five tncinbers
ofthe Senate being absent, whose presence,
however, it is said, would not have altered
the restilt ofthe vote. The objections are to
the details ofthe bill. .

In the Ho-usi: of Representatives, M r. \Veb-
ster laitl on the table the following resoltitiou:

Resolved, That tlie‘President ofthe.Unitetl
States he requested to cotiimtinicate to this
[louse any cortespoiidence which tnay have
taken place between the United States, or
their agents, and the governtnentofthe Neth-
erlands, relative to the claims ofcitizeus of
the United States on that Government, so far
as such cotntminicatioii may be deetned by
him not injuriotis to the ptiblic interests.

On motion of M r. Livingston, it was

Resolved, That the committee on Roads
and Canals be instructed to inquire into the
expediency of causing an experitnent to be
made, at the seat of government, on a small
scale, ofthe most approved mode of construct-
ing roads on the plan practised iitider the di-
rection of M r. Me Adam, in England, and of
railivays under the patent grained to John
Stevens, of lloboken, in New-Jersey.

The House then went into committee of
the whole, on the bill to provide for the cou-
tiiitiatioii ofthe Cutiiberlatid Road; the ques-
tionbeing for filling the blank for an appro-
priation with 150,000 dollars----: it. Clay rose
antl ohservetl, that, the object proposed in-
volved a question which liailofien been deba-

vindicated and niaintained by the votes ofthe
[louse at the last session. rle considered the
question, as to the existence, and the exercise
ofa power in the general government to car-
ry into effect a system of internal improve-
tnents, as amounting totlie question whether
the unioti of these states should be preserved
or not-—a question which involved the dearest
hopes St. the brightest prospects of our cotiii-
try. As to the opinion, that the carrying on
ofthese improvements belonged to the states
in their individual and separate character, it
might as well be expected that the states
should perform any other ditty wliich apper-
tained to the general government. You have
no more right, observed Mr. C. to ask the iri-
divitlual states to make internal improvenierits

theui to make war for the general welfare,‘or
to build fortifications for the general defence
because some ofthem-may happen to have a.
peculiar local interest in either. They are no
more bound to do any one ofthe duties which
pertain to the general governiiieht, than to do
any other one of the duties which pertain to
it. Sir, it is our province, not theirs. It is,
iudecd,,true that the interests ofthe whole Sr.
of one of the parts may be coincident, and

 

‘to such aidegr-cc as may indtiee a State Gov.-
ernment to undertake a duty which niore-pro-
perlyibebngsgo Congress. j"jBut such cases
are rare, and suelt ati,.effe_ct has seldom hap-
peiied; _One instance indeed may he pointed,
‘out--tliat of the great Canal in the State of
New York. VVheu that state applied to this
House for aid in her greatand spirited under-

ceive it—-82. it is no vv my opinion tltat,for.=wliat

,claim"-upon the General Government.
VVith-these prelitiiiitary observatioiis on the”
great policy-of tii‘eastires,‘9f the kind of that
now proposed, he would go on to inquire in
the first place, is the object in the present bill

cation to it of the resources of the ‘nation ?—-'-
To answer tltis-iuqiiir_v,' the object intist be‘
C0IlSl(l8:l’O8tl,',llOt as starttling insulated 8:. alone
—btit ._a__s_. constitutit_ig— one link in the rdreat
chain of_t_he Internal Ituprovetiient ofthe Uri.-
ion. ‘Vlllll’, Silltl he, is the acttinl state nfthd
facts? There now exists frotii the city of Ba}-
tiinore to iwheeling, in the State of'Virginia,
an uninterrupted line ofttirupike roiid,exten.
ding to a total distance of two hundred and
severity miles; and there also exists a like line‘
ofroatl from this City to the same place, with

gotnery Co_urt House and Fredericktown,_.-
Takingits origin at the foot ofthe Allegllmiy
Mountains, the Cumberland Road extentls to
the Eastern bank ofthe. Ohio, a distance of
one hundrett- and tltirlyfiire miles. Of this
distance eighty five miles lie in Pcnnsylvaniti,
thirty or thirty fivein Maryland, andtlie resi.
dtie in Virginia—-the entire work, from one“
end to the other, and through its whole ex-
tent, lying exclusively in the States East of
the Ohio river. The proposition now presen-
tetl/to the Cottimittee is to extend this road
from the \Vest bank of that river to Zanes-

mites. Iftlie proposition shall meet with the
favor of Congress, the whole length ofroad fr.
Baltimore to Zaiiesville will be 350 miles,

Mr. C. then remarked on the character of
the country through which the contemplated
road is to pass,wliicli he described as contain-
ing a sticcessioti of hills, some ofwliich might
perhaps have beeti called tnuuutains, bttt for
the altitude ofthe neighboring Allegauies—-
and which cotitiiiue as far west as the Mus-
kiiigtiin River, on the bank of which Zanes-
villc is situated. There, or a little to the west
of it,comtiiences a level plain ofalltivial char-
acter, extending from the Musltinguui to the
Mississippi, a distance of 4920 miles. ' ,

The present proposition, Mr. C. said, was
to be considered in reference, first, to what
had been done, and second, to what remained
to be done. The proposed part of the road
tiiust be viewed, first, in respect to one termi-
nation of the entire line which is at Cumber-
land, aiitl then in respect to the other termin-
ation ofit, which be trusted would one day
be on the Missouri. It ttiiist also be viewed
in reference to that branch of it, which,’ he
hoped, at no distant day,“ would passtlirouuli
Kentucky and Tennessee, in Natchez and N.
Orleans, intersecting the great road,now pro-
posed from the latter place to this city. It
tiiust be remctnbercd, said he, that it is a part
of a road which is to traverse nine States and
Q Territories; so that whether we look to the
right orto the left, we find the interests of 9‘
entire States and two Territories, all conceit-
trated in tliepresent design.

Mr. C. next proceeded to inquire wlietlie r
the object, sticli as he now described it, was
notjustly entitled to be considered a national‘
object. Look, said he, at the effect produced
tipon the convetiiettce ofthe whole country,
from what has been already done. The usual
space of time formerly required to go frotn
Baltimore to Wlieeling,was from 8 to 10 days
—the time noiv occtipied is three days. The
effect of such a saving of time would readily
be conceived. To this consideration might
be added the advantage resulting frotn the
itivestmeut of so nitich capital,and the experi-
ditttre of so much public riioiiey, in a region
ofcouutry where both were so tnuch needed.

of all kinds erected—villages had sprung up
as if by encliaiitnient; and, to use the fair-
gnage ofotie of the gentlemen who had ably
advocated the bill, the road resembled one
continued street, almost the whole way from
Ctiniberlaud to Wheeling. The effect has
been, a great addition to the value of proper-
ty, and an important increase ofthe wealth of
3 states through which this great public work
had been constructed. '

It has been called, by some genileinen a
western roatl,wlieu not one foot ofit lay witli-
in any one ofthe western states, but the eti-
tire road, in all its parts, lay wholly in the
eastern states? The direct bcuefit,and tnuch
that was collateral, was felt by the 3 eastern
states where the road lay ; the only benefit to
the Western states was a mere right of way.
All they enjoyed in the road was the right to
pass over it to visit their brethren in the East,
and to come to this Metropolis to mingle their
counsels with their fellow citizens oftheSouth
and E115!-‘-ll’t)pt')t‘l£llil benefits no doubt——bttt
not such as ought to designate this fond as a
western road. In fact, Mr. C. said, it was
tieitliet an Eastern nor a Western road, but
partly the one and partly the other. The berr-
efits derived from it were strictly tiiutual.
Mr. C. asked iftlie United States were not
under a positive obligation to extend this
road? ‘Nhat was the history ofthis underta-
king? It arose out ofa compact between the
Utiited States and the state of Ohio, at the
time that state was admitted into the Uiiion,
by which two per cent of the nett proceeds of
the sales ofthe public lands was to be applied
to the making of a road leading to the state
of Ohio. A similar provision was also tirade
in the compacts, by which Indiana, Illinois,
Missouri, Mississippi, and, he believed, Ala-
bama, were adtnittetl as states. It had been
contended by soniegetitletiieti, that the con-
struction ofthe Cumberland road was a fril-
filtnent oftliis cotiipact on the part ofthe U.
States. This, said Mr. C. I utterly deny. I
grant, indeed, that it is a fulfilmen‘. of the
compact with Ohio. The U.St'.ites covenan-
ted to make a road leading to that state.
They have done so; and Ohio has no right to.

 

foot farther. But the case is entirely differ-
ent with the states beyond Ohio. They have
a right, under tlieir.re‘spective compacts, to.
demand a roatl wliicltsliall terminate at their.

.]iinits—a' road which shall be brouglit up to

the boundary-line of those states respectively.
[t is very true,‘ that -Congress may begin the;

souietimcs to a very reinarkable tlegree--nay,..;oad wherever-tliey please, but it must. termi-

 

takitig,it'ivas my opinionthat she ought to re-’ ’

she liasiadvanced-in-‘the completion of tliaf: .-
noble enterprize, she has at this hour ajustfi:

of sufiicietit-maguittide' to authorize an appli-L -

the exception ofone small gap between Mont.

ville, in the State ofOhio,a distance 0fet°ghtg'

Settletrietits had been rriultiplied—buildings’

demand that the road should be carried one A