:r_r..
ti
tr‘.
7 4:
FROM THE NORTHAZIIPTON ORACLE.
The Hope of tire Wicked-
A moment shall blastit,
'When the breath ofJeho'vah
In wrath has o’erpast it:
Like the smoke that the winds in their fury
are lashing, " [dashing ;
Or foam onthe ocean, when the teriipests are
It was—and is not---its triumphs are o’er,
And the place that once knew it, shall know
, it no riiore. r
*“ But the Hope ofthe Just
' , Is esralilislied for ever, .
For God is his trust, _
And that trtist shall fail—‘never.
The Heavens at the voice of his thunder may
shake, quake,
~'Tlie earth at the flash of his lightning tiiay
But their hope and their trust shall be ever the
same, I
U1]falllng,UnCl1allglng-JEHOVAl1’S his name.
INTERESTING TRIAL.
On the 1st inst. before the Richmond Oyer
and Terminer, came on the trial of Joshua
Barney, a inidsliipiiian in the U. S. Navy, iii-
dicted for the uittrder of Joseph Haynes, a
seanian on board the iiiercli. sclir. Bltie-eyed-
Mary, in August last. The prisoner being on
furlough, was at the time acting as first mate
oti board of said vessel.
Metcalf, (District Attorney) for the people,
- opened the case, and stated the facts which
would appear in evidence, and upon which he
should claitii a conviction. In doing tliislic
said he would show that the prisoner coitiiiien-
ced the assault, and that the deceased was
acting in necessary self-defence when killed.
The contest between them had ceased, and
was renewed by prisoner without provocation,
and the mortal wound inflicted with a weap-
on procured by him after all violence had cea-
sed, which was both tinlawfttl and unnecessa-
ry. After the quarral, the prisoner made corti-
plairit to the captain, and in the iiiterval,tliere
was suflicieut time for the free use of reason,
and for passion to stibside. From this it would
appear that the object of getting the sword
was for the destructioii of deceased, and the
attainment ofreveuge. It would be attempt-
ed to show that the deceased was at the time
advancing upon the prisoner; but this he had
a,-"riglit to do to disarm his antagonist. The
attoriiey-contended that the prisoner could in
no way be justified in tisitig the sword,because
the circumstances of the case did not require
it. And even if it should be alledged tliattlie
prisoner was correcting deceased, as his supe-
rior, be exceeded the just tneasiire thereof
with a deadly weapon, and therefore the kil-
ling was murder. .
I The first witness called was Hugh Johnson
at pilot of this port,wlio piloted the B|ue-eyed-
l'iiaiy,frotn the Hook,to the quarantine ground
on the 18th Aug. where they arrived about 10
o’clock at night. On the following tnoriiing
between five and six o’clock, as they were.
getting out the boat to take the gaptaiii and
passetigers ashore, he heard sortie dispute be-
tween prisoner and deceased. Some words
passed, and deceased told prisoner that lie
(deceased)\vas as good it man as he was. Pris-
oner struck deceased, and they clcnclied.—
Witness was standing forward, aritl the dis-
ptrte cotnmeticed abreast ofthe catiiboose. A
scufile ensued, and prisoner was thrown a-
g_atiist the bttlwarks, abreast ofthe main-rig-
gin". Prisoner only struck one blow before
they closed, btit during the scuffle several
blows passctl. The second mate seeing the
struggle, came up and took deceased off, and
slung him forward as far as the camboosc,
where he stood still. Prisoiier then went aft
to the companion way, and coriiplaiiied to the
captain, who was below. He (prisoner) then
went to an artii chest, oti the utlier side of the
companion way atid took ottt a ctitlass, which
lie (witness) thought a wooden sword. Willi
this he went forward, and tirade a blow at de-
ceased over the head and shoulders, with the
SCt\l)l)fll'(l on, which seemed to stun deceased,
who did not see prisoner conie tip to liitn as
he was ‘ standing kind of side ways.’ Decea-
sed tttriied round and faced prisoner, but did
not advance iipoti hint. Prisoner iiiittiediate-
ly took off the scabhard and made a plunge
at deceased, who iiistantly clapped his hands
to his side, exclainiing ‘for God’s sake ptit my
intestines in.’ Prisoner stood astonislied,aiid
the Captaiii laid the deceased down, atirl sent
witness ashore for a doctor. Deceased never
spoke afterwards. The doctor came on board
in his own boat. IVitiiess saw his bowels gush-
ing otit, and stood within three feet when he
saw prisoner give the first blow, and was not
more than five or six feet frorii him, when pri-
soner made the thrust. Deceased was about
9.20 years ofage, and stouter and larger than
the prisoner ‘ every way.’ On his cross-ex-
ainination, witness said the atfray did not last
more than three iiiiiitites. He saw two men
tip iii the rigging, but heard no words between
them and prisoner. Deceased did not throw
prisoner down tintil after prisoner had ptislietl
him against the btilwarks. Witness did not
know what men were upon deck, and he did
not iiitci'l'ei’e, because he thought it was none
of his littsiiiess. When deceased was stabbed
witness thinks it likely he riiade use of strong
language agaiiist the prisoner ; and before he
was examined by the Coroner’s Jury, he said
he tliottglit prisoner ought to be hanged willi-
out judge or jury, 8:. might have said so since.
, Dr. John S. Westervelt, assistant of the
Health Officer, was called by the. Coroiie-r’s
inquest to view tbebody of the deceased.-—
Tlie wound was in the left side below and be-
fore the short ribs. The weapon had passed
through the coats of the storiiacli, between the
intestiiies and cut the largest vein in the body
halfoff, iiearthe back bone. The wound bled
iiiwardly so tiiucli that witness had to spungc
the blootl ottt of the cavity of the stoiiiach.——
The poitit of the weapon appeared to have
peiietrated the back bone. Tliere was no
doubt tliattlie wound cattsetl his death, and
the wound correspoiided with the weapon
prodiicctl in court. On his cross-exaiiiitia-
tron, witness said the weapon was stopped in
its progress by the back bone. A titan might
rush upon the cutlass so that death iniglit eii-
sue, provided lie ran with sufficient force and
it was held with siifiicictit stretigth.
Ricliard S. Cary, testified that he was the
Coroner called oti board of the schooner. to
view the body of deceased. While there he
asked the prisoner how it liirppened that he
could have been so rasli. Pristiiier replictl
that he had told the rleceast-it to do sonietliitig
azrrit, that he glllltlltlcil very rrittrzli, and they
liizitl list: a lll.l.lL scuffie. tic (prisoiier) had
heard that some of the men had threatened
that if any of the officers attempted to strike
them, they would stab them with any thing
they could get. Ithen, he continued, went
aft anrl got the weapon, and so it happened.-
Prisoner appeared to regret it very mueh,and
"witness ttnderstootl that it was in consequence
ofthe rutiior ofthe deterriiinatioii of the men,
that he got the sword. Witness apprehended
the prisoner, who showed no reluctance, but
went willingly. . .
Here the proseetttion rested, and G. L.
Thompson, Esq. opened the defence in a per-
tiiieiit address to tliejury, and proceeded to
call William Clieevers, (black,) who was cook
the time ofthe trarisactioti. He heard priso-
ner give orders to the deceased to go to duty
up the main mast. Deceased weutto his du-
ty grtuiihling all the time, and witness took
particular notice of this, because he had no
cruise to grumble. He went up the rigging
on the starboard side. IVitness stood at the
catnboose. Prisoner stood by the main rig-
ging. Deceased came down gl‘U[I)l)lllW’, and
prisoner went tip to him and said ‘ what 5 that
yott say ?’ Deceased made some reply,where-
upon the prisoner tried to strike him with his
left hand, btit does not know whether he hit
liitii. Deceased sprang upon prisoner like a
tiger, and strtick liiru ‘two licks’ before pris-
oner could close in with liirii. Deceased ttirii-
ed with as tiiticli venom as a mart would show
who had been angry a long time, striking_vi—
oleiitly. Being the strongest he threw priso-
ner down, but was taken off by the second,
mate--some of the hands singing otit ‘ tliat’s
a pretty boy.’ Prisoner then seized an old
broom and struck at dcceased,wli_o_ was Strut’.-
gling with the second tnate again to break
loose and fly tipoii him. Deceased caught
the broom and threw it overboard, when the
second mate shoved liitii forward as fitr as
halfway between the catnboose and the bow
of the schooner, near the fore rigging. Pris-
oner then ran aft and told the captziin that
Haynes was flogging liirii, atid on his return
froui the couipatiioii-way, he took from art
artii-cliest it cutlass with the scabhard on. He
then passed witness atid deceased ran to meet
him frotii the fore shroud on the larboard side
with his fists dotibletl. They met about mid-
ships, directly before witness who was clean-
ing shoes. Prisoner strtick deceased with
the cutlass, the scabhard being on; brittle-
ceased tirade prisoner retreat so very fast that
he(witiicss) had torun behind the niaiiiniast
to keep clear of the combat. Prisoner had
retreated three or fotir steps before he struck
the deceased with the sword. As deceased
Ctllne tip he eiideavotired to cleticli prisoner.
Witness saw the pilot at that titiie, but be was
not near tlietn. Witness was the nearest
ierson to tliem,aiirl the pilot was looking over
tlie hows the whole tinie,:ippareiitly at the ca-
ble on the larboard side. The affray coin-
menced mi the starboard side, and contiiiued
as far as tiiid-sliips. Witness was surprised
and vexetl that the pilot did not do his duty,
as an officer on board the ship. Witness is
positive that the pilot was looking over the
hows the whole tiriie, and heard the captain
hail him and request liirri to go for a doctor.
Prisoner was very kind and condescending
to the haiids,so tiittcli so that witness had even
taken the liberty to expostulate with hint ; but
he replied—‘wliat can Ido? I atn a yotitig
trian and wish to get along in the easiest way
I can.’ Deceasetl was not at the camboosc,-
after he was shoved forward by the second
mate. After the accident, prisoner exclaim-
ed—-‘ 0 cook I before yoti let that fellow rttn
on rue, why did yott not knock tiie down l’——
Witriess did not see the scabhard taken off.-
\Vitiiess had made two voyages iii the schoon-
er to the \Vest Indies, and the prisoner was
fonder ofdcceased than ofaiiy other hand on
board. After deceased came down, he stood
leaning over the caiiiboose about fifteen tiiiii-
tites, speaking very sharply. Prisoner was
looking tip iii the riggiiig, probably to see
whether the work was done.
Richard Croueli,second mate ofthe vessel
was next examined. The prisoner was first
iuate of the vessel and comrnandiug officer on
deck at the time. He gave orders to deceas-
ed to cast the top off the main stay in the
rriain rigging. The order was a proper one,
btit deceased grtitubled and growled and said
it was unnecessary work. He went up five
or six rattlings and continued grunibling.——
Witness stood abaft the fore-rigging. After
deceased came down, he kept grtiriibling for a
considerable time. Witness did not hear
what was said, but he saw prisoner shove the
deceased with the back ofliis band, when de-
ceased clenched hitii ;prisoner strttck deceas-
ed, and deceased threw liitii down, and struck
him as hard as he could several times. Wit-
ness went up and collared deceased and took
him off, but he tried to get back at prisoner,
and when down he held upon prisoner as long
as he could, and until forced off. Prisoner
then ‘ picked tip a little short sttinip of a liiek-
ory broom,’ and struck at deceased. Witness
shoved deceased forward nearly to the bows
of theloug-boat, and kept him there, while
prisoner went 3; told the captain that Haynes
was flogging him. On returning he acciden-
tally picked up the cutlass, (does not know
whether he took it out of the chest.) He then
catiie forward betweeti the main-mast and
camboosc, and there stood. Deceased slip-
ped by witness, aiid ran as fast as he could
with both ltatids otit to clench prisoner. As
he catiie tip, prisoner struck liitii with the flat
side ofthe sword with the scabhard oti. De-
ceased tlieii attempted to close in with prison-
er, who retreated five or six paces with the
sword uiislieatlied before him. He did not
see prisoner take olfthe scabhard, nor did he
see prisoner give any thrust with the sword at
ztll, and if he had witness iiittst have seen it.——
Wittiess believes deceased forced himself on
tlie-sword, and is confident that no thrust was
tirade. (The remainder of the testimony of
this witness ('.Ol‘l‘CSpOll(lS exactly with that of
the last witness in every partictilar—-the pilot
was the whole titiie forward, looking over the
bow——the captain called him to go ashore for
adtictor, Szc. \\"itiiess did not see the pilot
near the other parties at any tirite. The whole
crew were a gttiiiibling set, and he has heard
tneiii tlireateii to whip prisoiier when they
sliotild get ashore. Prisutier was it man rife.
ven and excellent temper, and always very
kind to deceased, who was one of those who
joined in the tlireat.]
Capt. Daniel Gardiner, master ofthe sclir.
Bitte-eyed-Ivlary, corifirtried the testimony of
the last witness as tothe sittiiitioii which he
held, the propriety of the order he had given,
and the duty of the deceased to obey. When
called by 1)l't5UllCf: (as before statcd,) he was
and steward oti board the Blue-eyed-Mary,at~
York tratleroii a jotirney, who itifortiied tiie,
dressing. He dressed as soon as possible, arid‘
went upon deck, where he ._met deceased five
or-six” feet abaft the inainrnast. Deceased
said, ‘for God’s sake put my -— in, he has let
them out.’ These were the only words he
ev’e‘r spoke. The pilot was at_ the titne for-
ivardilookiiig over the bow. ' He was the first
rnan witness looked for, and wheiijlie catiie
aft, (having been called to go for a doctor) he
appeared tiiucli surpr.ised,aiid said, ‘ for God’s
sake what has liappene.d,’. Front what passed,
witness concluded that the pilot. had seen rio-
tliirig ofthe affray from having been forward.
The prisoiier might have escaped in various
ways, had he been so disposed. He was intieli
affected. He had been two voyages with wit-
ness to the West Indies-—is t.io easy and kind
to the sailors, and they take advantage of his
kindness. He is a son of the late Com. Bar-
ney—is about 19 years of age, and has a ino-
ther and brother living in Baltiiiiore.
Several other witnesses were called, and
some of the preceding ones re-exaiiiined to
show that the pilot had not on all occasiuiis
remembered exactly alike—:tud his testitiioiiy
was pretty tlioro’ly sliaken to pieces; but no
further facts iiecessa ry to the case were elicited.
Com. Barron, Capt. Stockton, and Lieut.
Williamson, all ofthe Navy, were severally
exariiiried as to the character of the prisoner.
They all testified in the strongest terms in his
favor. 'l‘lic mildiiess and suavity of his riiaii-
ners, gooduess of disposition, and evenness of
teiiiper,were the theme ofall. His only fault
was that ofsliowing too much kindness to the
iiieri—for which he had been'occasionly spo-
ken to. His conduct was officer-like and gett-
tlemanly, and he had beeiiipronioted from a
iiiidshipinaii to the rank ofacting sailing nias—
ter-—a very uticomnioii thing.
The testitiionyhaving been concluded, the
cause was submitted to the jury under the
charge of the cotirt—tlie coutiscl for the pits-
oner reserving the qtiestioii of jurisdiction,
should it become necessary. His Hoiiottr
Judge Edwards then delivered an able and
lticid charge, ofgretit length, and as strong as
it could be in favor ofthe prisoiier. Thejury
retired at 4 o’clock on Thursday afternoon,
and after only ten minutes’ deliberation re-
ttirried a verdict of“.'V'ot Guitt_i/”——aiitl never
did any verdict give more generai satisfactioii.
STRAW AND GRASS BONNETS.
Remarks of Mr. I3.tYLtt~:s, of Mass. on his
motion to amend the Tariff, by striking out
the iiiitiiriitiiii of one dollar on Legliorii
Flats and Hats, and inserting three dollars.
I am aware, that by altering the riiiiiiriitiiii
price on which the cost of this article is to be
estiinated, frotii one dollarto three, a high duty
in proportioii to its cost, will be iinposed.
It has been assumed as a principle in the
course ofthe debate on this bill, (the Tariff)
that a protecting bill ought to be given in sticli
tiiantier, and to such an amount, as shall en-
able the dotiiestic nitiiiufacttircr to compete
on equal terms with the foreign uianufacturer
in the dotiiestic market. This principle will
not apply to my iitotioii. It is my design,I
admit, to excltidc these flats and bats from
our own tiizirket, and that exclusion is to be
wislicd, by all who are friends to dotiiestic e-
conomy, as well as dotiiestic industry.
During the year ending September, 1829!,
the amotiiitoftlic cost of Leghorn .hats and
flats, as estimated for the purpose of ascer-
taining the duty, was about $610,000.,
Dtiring the last year the Treasury estimate
is $913,394.
Iftlie importation ofthe falirics ofLeghorn
was proliibited, trade would not be iujtired.—-
We do not exchange otir cottiiiiotlities for
Leghorn boiiiiets and bars, but the proceeds
of liitlftlie Ariierican trade in the Mediterra-
tiettn, are invested in these straws, which oth-
erwise would have been invested in articles
tiiore iiee.essary,lcss costly, and paying more
frieglit.
But. my object, Mr. Chairman, is to protect,
to encourage, and to renew a branch ofa do-
niestic nlItlluftl(;[llI‘(’., which has been rttiiied by
the iiitroductioii ofthe straws of Leghorn.
Some twenty or twenty three years since, a
young lady either of Franklin or Wrciitliaui,
in Massaclnisctts, was induced merely for the
pttrpose ofexperiinent, to undertake the fab-
rication ofa bonnet from straw. Her exper-
iment succeeded, and in eoiiseqtience of her
sticcess sotiie of the females who lived in her
vicinity, were also induced to try the experi-
riietit, and they also succeeded. In the neigh-
borhood the birsiiiess soon became gene.-al.-
All boniiets and hats for domestic tise, were
fabricated at liotiie. These boiiiiets were at
length introdttced by the cotiiitry traders, into
the cities and seaports, and tiiet with a favor-
able reception. In the year 1808, I riiet a N.
that he had purchased straw boiiiiets at Wren-
thaiii, to the aniotint of ten thousand dollars.
I tvcll recollect my astonishment at this infor-
mation, for so ignorant was Iat that time, of
the extentofthis bnsiiiess, thatI did not be-
lieve that botiiiets to that atitotint were iiiaii-
ufactnrcd in all the states. The English
Dunstables were excluded from the American
market, by the Attierican straws, which sur-
passed them in elegance,dtirability and cheap-
ness.—Fasliion soon gave them cttrrency and
they met with a rapid and profitable sale in
the markets ofBostoii, New-York, Pliiladel-
phia, Baltitiiore,Norfolk, Charleston and Sa-
varinali.
At the comnienccnietit of the late war this
tnaiitifacture was in its most flourishing state.
I was told oti good authority, that the annual
amount ofthe sales ofsti-aw boiiiiets manu-
factured iii ten adjoining towns, (towiisbips,)
in Massachusetts, was $500,000. The whole
amount has been stated by the chairman of
the coiitiiiittee on manufactures to have been
3800.000; and a circular from some gentle-
nien of respectability who are well acquaint-
ed wiih the subject, states the amount to have
been in sotiie years Sl,500,000.
The straws were woven and shaped by
yoting unmarried females, of that class whose
labor is not geiierally prodtictive. The work
was done in families ’tl»7ld(.'7' the paternal roof,
and by the domestic jire—side, and never was
labor sweetened with such rewards. I ltave
known, and I have heard of many ftirmers
who were relieved "from embarrassments and
illUl‘ISZilg(‘.S, by the labor of their darigliters,
and those daughters when inarried could car-
r_v to their litisbatids nitiiriage portiutis, fre-
quently of a thousand aiitl sometitiies oftwo
tliotisaiid dollars, which is an establisliuient
for any young farmer in Ne\i'-Etiglaiitl. The
profitable exercise ofthis eiiiploytnent exteiid-
ed its benefits, not fanciful, it it‘ spet-ttlative,
culture ot"rye.- Eighty dollars liave been of-
fered and refused, for the rye growing on a
single acre. The face ofthe country wasiiii-
proved, and a vast 'additiori’_was made to the
value ofthe soil, by iiitiltiplying its capabili-
ties. ‘The comforts of the farmer were in-
creased, the falling fences were reared, ltis
decaying house was repaired, taste catiie in
with her ctiibellislitneiits,' and neatness and
plenty literally united around the litit ofpovr
erty. Sad iiitleedis the reverse. Cold and
clieerless want, once more revisits the mati-
sions ofthe poor.
The capriee of fashion has introducerl an
articlernaiitifttcttired frotn the straw of Tris-
cauy,wliich, to say the least, has deprived nu
tiierotis Anierican families of many oftlieir
comforts. The ttilip mania of Holland was
not so rtiinotis to that nation, as the riiatiia for
wearing Legliorns is to this. The vast a-
iiioutit which was formerly paid to our own
citizens, which gladdcned the poor man's
heart, wliitlli increased the pi-odttctiveness of
otir soil, and relieved our citizens frotii debt, is
given to the 'I‘uscatis ! Fashion has said that
it is ungentecl to appear in a domestic bon-
net :—a wortl has rttiiied a manufacture which
subsisted thousands !
Suuiptuary laws are not justifiable : could
they be justified in any case, they would be
in this. Should the iiiotioti now before us
prevail, I think it will go far towards the ex-
clusionofthe coarser, and least valuable fab-
rics of Leghorn: and if otir country wouieri
choose to pay $50 or $00 for a Legliorii,wli5n
one ofliotiie nianufaettire could be ptircliased
for six, it becotiies a proper subject for high
duty, and if they will, with this ditty, continue
to wear the foreign fabric, the revenue will
be benefitted, and the nation will gain some-
thing, by taxing a folly which cannot be pre-
yented. Ifon the other hand the importation
is prevented, you will restore and revive a
lii'aticli of nianttfacturing industry which can-
uor injure the nation, but will enrich it.
On the Use Q/'P,yrolt'_giieous .4cid—read at the
celebratioii of the birth-day of Linnaeus at
Flushing, on the 24th May, 1824.
It has been supposed by iuaiiy, that Pyro-
ligneous Acid, which sortie call the ‘ Acid of
\Vood,’ is a recent discovery. Its rises, per-
haps, have not been lotig known ; btit in a
folio work on experitneiital philosophy, writ-
ten by Glauber, the celebrated Dtitcli clieniist,
about 9200 years ago, it is not only particular-
ly rrretitioiied by the tiaine of Vinegar of
“food, but directions are given how to prepare
it, atitl engravings introduced ofthe apparatus
used in its niantifactttre.
In the year 1814, Professor llleirieke, of
Gottingen, seems to have first conceived the
idea that the Vinegar of \Vood possessed pe-
culiar antiseptic principles, from which he was
led to use it in the prcservatioii of meat, and
:ifterwai'ds in the preparation oftiittiiitiiies.—
Availing liitiiselfofProfessor )leineke’s stud-
ies, Mr. Stotze an apothecary at Halle, itiade
a variety of experiiiieiits, by which he so far
verified his prcdecessor’s discoveries, and so
completely ptirified the acid as to render itfit
for the table, that he obtained a prize on that
account from the Royal Society ofGottingen.
From this period down to 1818, the Vine-
gar of Wood was generally regarded as a dis-
ll!lC[ acid ; btit Fourcroy, and other French
eliemists,haviiig analyzed it,tliey pronounced
it to be the satiie as the acetone, or common
vinegar, differing only in the flavour. The
tiatiie ofPyroligneous acid has since been.giv-
en to it from the circtiinstance ofits beitig ob-
tained froiii the destructive distillation.
In England and France the tiianufactory
oftliis acid is carried on to acoiisiderable ex-
tent, atid is there used in fatiiilies as it substi-
tute for vinegar. Vi/hen it first comes frorii
the still, it is ofa dark colotir, possessing at
strong acid, and slightly astringent taste, ivitli
an eiiipyreutnatic smell. After reniaiiiing at
rest for sotne days, the substance which caus-
es the dark appearance, and which is of the
qualities of tar, subsides, and the acid then re-
sembles Madeira wine in colour, and is coni-
paratively transpareiit. Before Pyroligneous
Acid, however, can be ttsed for the table, it
nitist be frequently distilled to free it frotii the
volatile oil which occasions the pectiliar fla-
vor attendingyit in its original statc.—The
most effectual method to render it pure, is to
tiiix it with sulplittric acid, maganese, and
comtiioii stilt, when running it tlirotigli the
still—Tliese freqtieiit distillations increase its
strength so much that it cannot be used for
domestic purposes,until it is mixed with a
large proportion of water. Sotiie ofthe acid,
thus purified, has lately been imported into
the country, and is found to answer all the
purposes to which vinegar is usually applied.
Pyroligiiioous Acid is well known in Great
Britain of late years, as an article of coni-
irierce.-—-It is there distilled for the purpose
ofobtaining the acid to dye cloth, and the
charcoal for mauufacttiring gunpowdcr,wlticli
is always in request. The coiiitnon estimate
is that a ton of nut wood yields about 100
gallons of acid, 400 lbs. of charcoal, and 12
gallons of tarry substance. This acid is also
extensively used, in this and other countries,
in the preparation of white lead. The pow-
erful manner in which it acts on the metal in
its original stat'e,niust always induce the niaii-
ufzicturers oftliis article to prefer it to all oth-
er acids. It is liketvise ttndcrstood,tliatleatli-
er may be tanned by the Pyroligneous acid,
in a iiitich shorter period than by the ordinary
process, and that the leather thus manufac-
tured,'ts equal, iftiot superior to any itiiported.
Brit the most valuable use to which this
acid may be applied, is that of curing meat
of every description, so as to preserve it frotii
flies and frorii putrc-faction in hot weather.-—
It has been ascertained by innumerable ex-
periments, that it contaitis the same properties
of preserviiig animal matters as smoking ilietii
by wood does ; and that the only difference
in using it and drying by the present tiiode,
is tiierely in the application. In the one case,
the meat is acted uti during the distillation of
the acid while the woorl is burnitig in the
smoke house ; in the other, the acid,‘ illl'er‘l(l_y
formed, is applied by iiiitiiersion, or by the
brush.
Since the experiments of Mr. Stotze at
Halle, several sttceessfitl applications oftlic
acid, in this ivtty, have been noticed in the
English jotirnals. Two specimens of meat
were, sotne months ago,exliibited at a meet-
ing ofthe Pliilosopliieal Society, Wliiteliaven,
which had been prepared with the acid on the
7th September, 1819. One ofthe pieces had
been taken to the IVest liidies to try the ef-
fect of the cliirrate, and the other was hung
btit real to all the iieinlthotiriiitr {ariiiers.—-—
, 5 E E!
tip at liotiie. Aftertlie lapse offifteeii iiiotitlis,
perfectly sweet, fresh, and fit for use.
Ourjotirnals also ltave mentioned instances
where the acid has been used in the prepara-
tion ofriit.-at,-and the result has been equally"-
satisfactory. But iiotliiug ltas appeared of at
positive nature, in either cotiiitry, by which
the mode ofapplying it could be distinctly uti-
derstood. In one instance, the acid was put
iritothe tub after the meat had been sufIicieiit-
ly saturated with the pickle, aiitl in another it
was not applied tiritil"after it was retrieved‘
from the tub, and bad hung in the open air’
for a day or two.
With the view of satisfying myself on the
Subject, Icatised six pieces of beef usttally se-
lected for stnokitig, and weighing abottt I5
lbs. each, to be cured with salt, sttltpetre, and
sugar, in the ordinary way, and '‘'hen they
had been about fotir weeks in the pickle, they
were taken otit,aiid liutig tip for 9.4 liours ;—
after which, they were moistened, by 1] brush,
with nearly a quart ofthe acid. In a few days
they had all the ilp[)e2lI‘ilnC0 of smoked beef,
and, when ctit in slices no difference whatever
could be di_scovererl between tlieui in flavour
or taste. Some liatiis and tongues, prepared
in the satiie manner, sliowerl ti siti.il.tr result,
In pointofecononiy, the dili'ei'ent;e between‘
the two modes is very striking. The expense‘
of snioking a litrndred wt-igltt ofriicat, is :57
1-9. cents, the cost of the acid for the same
qtiantity, is only 0 cents. Brit what is ul'still-
greater importance is, that when the meat re-
turns frotri the sinoke hou:.e. it gent-.i'ally'
weighs a third less than when 'seiit tliitlir-.r.—
Prepared with the acid, no diiiiiiiutioti in the
weight takes place; while the juices of the
beef and hams, which are dried tip by the fire
ofthe smoke lionse, are entirely preserved in
the new process.
Accoriipaiiyiiig this comiiutniczitioii is a
piece ofbeefprepared by rue abouttivoiiioiitlis
ago, and a part ofthe acid used by rue on that
occasion. The beef has been frilly exposed-
duriug the whole of that period, and although
the weather has not been so warm as is usual
at this season, I have no doubt that it is unas-
sailablc by putrefactioii or by flies in the hot-
test part of the year. When sliced and broil-
ed, it relishes as well as the best beef steak.
GEORGE HOUSTON.
Robert G. Harpcr’sSpcech.-—Oti Thursday
of last week a very able, elegant, and persua-
sive address iii behalf ofthe Atiierican Colo-
nization Society, was delivered by Robert G.-
Harper, Esq. before the members of the Geri-
eral Assembly and others, in the Presbytei‘iati-
Cliurcli in Washington square, Philadelphitt.
The address was nearly three hours long, but
was listened to with profountl attention by the
very ntiiiierous and respectable auditory. Mr.
Harper’s appeals to the pittriotisin, benevo-
lence, and piety of his hearers were very pow-
erfttl, and were enforced by an interesting
stateineiit of facts respecting the present con-
dition oftlie blacks, after which an affecting
picture was presented oftliedangers and mis-
ery which hang over their prospects and ours.
Mr. II. then proceeded to the measures.
wliicli had been devised for their relief, ‘and
here,’ says our correspondent, ‘ lie stated,wliat
the Colonization Society had 520.000 at tiieir
disposal. It seems that General Kosciusko,
the Polish chief, who resided for some titiic in
this country, bequeathed that sum in his will,
to be appropriated to the iiielioratioii of the
condition of the blacks in the United States.
His administrators, owing to debts oti the es-
tate, 8t.c. neglected carrying the provisTon iii-
to effect. Mr. Jefl'ersoii being consulted, ad-
of \Vashington, and Mr._L. has now itifortiied
the Board that it is at their disposal. They
have resolved to appropriate it to the purciiasc
of a ‘ Seriiinary Farm,’ and Mr. II. is notv in
treaty to be concluded in a few days, fora
place which has been deemed suitable for the
purpose in Montgomery cotiiity, Mrirylaiid,
half way between Baltiniote and Wasliitigtoii.
It has buildings, out-houses, Ste. for the ac-
intended that children shall be received to be
trained for the colony. Mr. H. anticipates
that similar establislitiieiitsivillbe tirade in.
different parts ofthe cotintry.’--JV‘. Y. Observer.
JlIelanchol_i/.——Ou Friday evening last, it
stranger ptit up at Mr. Pierce’s Hotel, in Troy..
In the night he got up and assaulted the door-
of one of the lodgers with a noise and vio-
lence which ininicdiately roused the whole
liotise and produced an otitcry that soon alar-
med the iieigliborliaod. In a short time, leav-.
ing the door, the stranger made his way tliro"
a third story window to the roof ofa stoop ;.
from this roof he fell, or jumped, tipoti the
roof ofa shed in the adjoining yard, and front
this roof to the ground. Thence he made his.
way into the street, and soon after assailed
the wiiidows ofa house with stones. He was.
shortly overtaken, however, and iiotwitlistan-
ding his struggles, was carried to the jail.-——-
Early the next morning he died. The result
ofan inquest was, that the stranger was from-
the town of Camillus,Onoiidaga County, and
his name Redman ; that he came to this place
in a Canal boat ; that his connexions are re-
spectable, that lie was subject to epilepsy;
that he was not in his senses when he got up ;
that he was a harmless man when in his right
tiiind gtliat he catiie to his death by a fracture
ofthe skull, which the pliysicians found, upon
exaniiniiig the liead,:ind which was pretty ex-
tensive; and the verdict ofthejury Was, ‘ ac-
cidental deatli.’—-—Tro_t/ Sent.
Bosrox, June 4.—-This day, in the House’
of Represeiitatives ofthis State, the vote was
taken on the resolve for clioosing Presidential
Electors by a General 'I‘icket, which was car-
ried iii the afliruiative. Yeas 140, Nays 85.
This measure is intended to giveour whole
Electoral vote to Mr. ADAMS.
Touch qflhe Snblimc.——'I‘lie following is a
literal copy ofa speech, delivered at a deba-
part of Peiitisylvatiia.
er ardent spirits does any good or not.‘ Icon-
ftitttre days-—tlicy lived to a most uutneroiis
age—-so that I tltiiik that whiskey or ardent
spirits don’: do any good. [Lotig pr'|llS8.]_'—.l"
ardent spirits does any good or n0t——so that I
czin’t git liuld on the d———d tliiriw.--Soulh.pa.
——
False friends are like shadows, they disap-
’ ‘heir unproductive landswere devoted to the l(i. e. Jaiiuary, t8?.t).tliey were tasted by all (pear in cloudy weather.
the members of the Society, and ftlllllliitb bf! »
was new to me, that the Board ofMariagers of"
vised that the nianageiiieiit be left to Mr.Lear-
eoniniodation of £100 persons, and here it is.
ting society in one ofthe towrisofthe W8:-lel‘l)‘
‘ Well-—-the stihject to be exctissed is wlietli-
firtii it tloti’t. Jist tliitik of otir anee'tors in .
Well—the qtiestion to be exctissed is whether .
conclude that it doti’t.—-[Another pause.) I-
Norwalk Chronicler