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. Front. the ,J,V'al-tlorial Gazette.”
EXPOSTULATION-By W. 13. Tappan.
Stay, yet, White man! Heav’n no longer
Can thy lust of gain endure;
Stay_thy band, yet, bold oppressorl
Crush not the defenceless poor l .
“Lo the Indian !’l-—cliild of sorrow,
emnant ofa mighty race:
Griefis his, no ray of gladness
Beams upon his dwelling‘ place.
Free as‘ were his mountain breezes,
Once he roam’d, the son of Kings ;
Boundless was his rude dominion,
"Where he drank his native springs.
'Wouldst thou chase him from his covert,
id ltim to the‘ desert fly ?—-
l’Vouldst thou tear him from the hill-side,
"Where his father’s ashes lie?
Thou hast seen upon his reason,
Science her mild influence pour;
Thou hast seen the Star of Bethlehem
Shine, where all was night before.
MAN! of these wouldst thou despoil him ?—-
Filcli his Heaven—-tlrive hope afar?
Yes, for sordid gold, the W/bite man
lV'ould blot out I{edemption’s Star.
God ofjustice '-——tliough pavilionld
Mid the tliunder--miseryls sigh
Claimsthy notices’ Tbou’rt a Helper,
‘When no other help is nigh!
THE TARIFF‘ BILL.
Having published at full length the Speech of
Mr. CLAY in favor of the Tariff, it is no
more than justice to the opposers of the bill
to publish their views ofit, although we ac-
knowledge that we do not coincide with
them. The following are extracts from the
Speech of the Hon. S.tM’L A. Foo'r, ofthis
state. Vi/e shall give place to some of Mr.
VVebster’s remarks hereafter.-
Shall we, at this liiuel,put on the tattered gar’-
ments of an exploded policy? , '
The power to regulate commerce was never
designed to authorize, its destruction, or pre-
scribe its channels. It may be, and often is
necessary to suspend it, by embargo, for a
time, as the most eflicientinode of protection;
btit the interests of agriculture or manufac-
tures cannot be improved by restrictions on
comiiierce;-'———-Whatwill be the effect ofim-
posing heavy duties on the produce and man-
ufactures of other countries, but retaliation,by
similar, or perhaps even higher duties on our
productions in their ports, which will drive
us entirely from their markets, and turn the
channel oftheir trade to other countries, for
those supplies which we can furnish in abund-
ance? And, while we are destroying our
commerce, in the wretched attempt to foster
our manufactures by law, Europe will mo-
nopolize the whole trade with the South A-
merican states, and we shall find, to our cost,
that there is no foreign market for our manu-
factures,wliicli have been nursed with so much
care in this hot-bed system ; but we must be
compelled to use our own manufactures, and
agriculture must pay the increased price, and
make up the deficiency in our revenue, while
the produce,as well of agriculture as inami-
factures, will he confined to home consump-
tion. I ask, will this increase your wealth
and your independence? Will this fiirnisb a
market for your surplus produce? Will this
encourage domestic industry ?
Commerce has afforded you about four hun-
dred million dollars of revenue! Will your
manufactures, withouta foreign market, be a-
blc to supply the deficit of duty on imports?
Can you collect twenty million dollars annu-
ally froiii iiiaiiofactures, even if you could
transform all your hardy seamen and farmers
into spinners and weavers ? Your manufac-
turing interest generally, even now, is less de-
pressed than your agriculture and commerce,
when skilfully and prudently managed.---
What stronger evidence of this fact can there
be, than that mauufactiiring capital is rapidly
ltlie human body, and rest and quiet repose
“arerindispensable to restore the system. Ap-_
ply the same principle to‘ the body politic,and
its ,effects .will be found equally salutary.
4 veryinterest in our country is gradually
recovering from the shock which has affected
interference ofinisguided legislations does not
prevent it, our agriculture, commerce, and
- inanufactures,will soon find their proper place
on a peace establishment. Your tariffof 1816
wasintended to afford reliefto your nianii-
factures. It did, like the British policy, af-
ford a temporary relief; but its effects are still
visible on our commerce, and sensibly affects
and injures our agriculture; and, at this mo-
ment, and for more than three years past, has
depressed our manufactures bytlie restrictions
imposed on our commerce. For, letme as-
sure gentlemen, that manufactures can no
more exist and flourish without comnierce,than
animal life can be sustained without air.
Agriculture is the first and noblest employ-
ment of man. On this we depend for subsist-
ence. It is the mother of commerce, and all
the useful arts. With the increase of popu-
lation, coinmerce, or an interchange of com-
modities of necessity springs into being, be-
cause the variety of soil and climate produces
a variety ofthe fruits of the earth adapted to
our conveniences and our wants, and manu-
factures ofdifferent kinds spontaneously grow
up to meet the necessary demands of both ag-
riculture and commerce. The mere ex-
change of commodities with our neighbors-
the passing of an article from hand to hand,
requires but little aid from manufactures; but
the labour ofmany artists is required to build
the ship to carry on commerce with foreign
nations ; and I believe that I may safely say,
that ship building, at this moment, employs
more native Anierictin citizens than all the
inanufactories of cotton in our coumry.
From this view of the subject, it must be
clear, that any attempt to build tip manufac-
tures on any other found:.ition than agricul-
ture and commerce, or upon the ruins ofei-
MR. SPEAKERS It ls 00‘, mi’ l"lOll‘lOh ‘O increasing ? You '.-ave already afforded pro- ther ofthese great interests, would be as ab-
ilpllehl ‘O ‘h9Ol'Y Oll llll5 5‘ll’J°°‘- The ‘l§3eP iection to this branch of industry, equal to surd and preposterous as to attempt to build a
llllefeflls Of 'll.V OOll-Slllllf‘-"ls: l"'hO5l3 Oilllllal nearly 40 per cent. on the cost ofyour fabrics; house. on a soap bubble. lVhat has support-
and industry are very etllmlli’ lll5‘”h_lll_ed he‘ and if, with this bounty, they cannot compete ed the manufactures of Great Britain-—what
‘Ween llllllcllllllle llllll OOl"llhel'°e~l“'lll°ll em‘ with foreign manufactures, at home, I think the manufactures OfIn(ll€\,l)t.lK{ll€‘-ll‘ commerce
brace the pursuits Of my llfealahfl ‘he lhilhll‘ it would puzzle the ingenuity ofthat gentle- with the whole civilized world? The amount
faClUl'85 Of “'00la COll0"a€0I10D £11115. mllslielsa man, aided by the whole host of professional ot'sul)Plies always has been, and always will
Tlflesa 5WOl‘O5i and Pl5‘Ol5a 35 Wlfll fO_l‘ YOUV 3"‘ gentlhmen, to show how our manufactures are be, regulated by the demand. Coininerce is
my and navy, as for your distingiiislietl Qffl‘ to find :1 fair competition in foreign markets, the greatartery through \vhich the blood flows
‘-‘CV5: “'lllCll are all l” my lmmelllille VlOll"‘)’a when you add to the original cost the freight to the extremities, which returns with sup-
‘3O"5ll‘ll‘e my 3POlO'e’Y fol ‘l‘llll'955lll:‘:'. YO“ S and insurance to a foreign market.
and the declaration of the Chairman of the
Committee ofManufactures, that this bill was ,
In our country every branch of lawful in-
lustry is entitled to an equal portion ofyour
designed for the encouragement of each of fostering care, and has 3 right to (l,«_.m,,nd e-
these branches of national industry, in my 0- qua] ,,,-ole.,l1o,, from lilo gqvgrngnent
pinion, makes the duty imperative on me. 1
Your
ariffbill,by taxing one interest for the encour-
plies through the veins again to the heai't,ani.l
gives life and energy to the whole systciu. It
is truly the ivfs vita: of the system.
[Mr. Foot here took notice of Mr. Clay’s
division ofthe politicians ofthis country into
two classes; one devoted to the policy of for-
The principles which have been Mlvflncefl agement of another, operates as a bounty, eign nations, and the other to what he calls an
hi’ Sllllle Of ‘he ZOillOO* ‘lllVOO3‘€S Of the bill which has every other interest under coiitribu- American policy. He said this new-discover-
under consideration, with some of its prov'is- [
ion for the support ofthe manufacturer, and
ed American policy was the system of entire
ions, which seem to be foundcd_on those pi~in- ,5, ,,,e,.ef,,,.,,, ,,,,,,,,e,, 3",, ,,,,,-us, , I, ,,,xes the exclusion and ,,,ol,;b-,,;o,, ,,d,,,,ted by Bonn-
ciples, in my opinion call loudly on the friends many for llle support of-ll few,
As a general
parte, by Spain, and by England, in time of
Ofilt-".l‘lClllll"Oa Of COmm€l"O9s ‘llhl 9V3“ Oh lhe nrinciple, the perfect freedom oftrade or com- war : and ifadopted by us would prevent the
friends Of milnufélclufefi lll¢lll5“-lVO5, ‘O e1\'?llTl‘ iiiercc, which is the iutcrcliange of commod- export of our commodities, and desiroy our
ine ll-‘ OO‘?lll5 “’l‘ll ‘-1 Scllllllllzlhgi lfllO‘ Wllll ities, should never be restricted or burdened, (‘,ummerce_
-a jealous eye.
Although the bill itself does not openly and ;
fairly propose, in every instance,aduty which,
n the benefits of which all are interested.
The policy ofEngland, which the gentle-
Mr. F. did not believe that the
except for the necessary purpose of revenue, people ofthis country were very ambitions of
slicwing their prosperity by following the ex-
ample ofthe English in paying taxes, and it
3.‘ f“'5‘ Skill‘: ‘lPPOill‘5 ‘O he P"Olllhl‘ OT.Va 5llll man has taken as a model for his new Ainer- would require, be thought, some time to teach
35 l‘ l5 3¢ll'OOal“«‘l "POO ‘llil‘ P“llOlPle ll)’ ma’ ican policy, is quoted by the advocates Ofthis tbein that the bloody scenes at Manchester,
“Y Ofl‘-9 fllehllsa l‘ 15 full l~O infer ‘hill 5'-lcll 15 bill to prove its utility, and the necessity ofa- and the distress in Ireland, furnished the best
the object. ,
A distinguislied member, to whom I shall
not now allude, for reasons which will be well jecl is not better understood.
Sir, it is much to be regretted that this sub-
I-lcr wisest
dopting this new system of political economy. evidence of prosperity
Mr. F. adverted to the reasons why agricul-
ture and commerce are not now as flourishing
U"d€l‘Sl00fl, hlll “hose arguments wlll hOl statesmen deprecate that policy,to which they and prom.ql;le as formerly; which were, that-
Pleml lllllfllegeslllllle OOh'llh'll‘39 Ofllle“’llOl“-s have been driven by necessity, in order to during the wars on the continent ofEurope
has tpld us, “ Tliat the great lcadipg ])0flC_1j meet the enormous expenses incurred in her we enjoyed the carrying trade, found a ready
llfllll-3 8'Ol’9"7“’l‘-’7lf "W35 be Cl“-"".%‘3di l ‘hill ll lOhS Pl°ll"l°‘9‘l °°h‘l"‘=lll'dl “’ill5- HE? 5)‘S- market for our Produce, and thus feasted and
new system must be adopted ;’ ‘that we ninst 1
out of bounties, and drawbacks of excise,
fattcned on the distresses of others. VVlien
l3C00|119 1‘ §’.l"-‘ill lllilllllfillllllllllg llilllO" §’ llliil which some of our knowing ones seem to ad- the \v;1rofll}[2 commenced, the capital which
the people of these United States must no mire, and to consider as the true pllilosopherls had been e,,,,.,p,yed ;,, c0mme,.Ce f,,u,,d a
lO”f§O" ll‘? Pel"“lllO‘l ‘O Phl‘5ll° llle °°"lll3il‘lOll5 stone, the magic wand which has produced profitable investment in manufactures, the
of their own choice, or employ their capital her great wealth, is nothing but the miserable high price ol'wl,i.;l, induced la,-go imvo5lmenl_,-
and their industry in those pursuits to which offeot of llgr oil-,e,~wi5o l-oihoos syslgm of re- -,,,‘m,,,,,,fac,,,,.,,,g eS,,,,,,,s|,,,,e,,,S_ Bu, when
their Own £3005 l"<l'_—_',!1l€"l, OI’ ‘hell ”3ll1l‘€1liiLl- striction; and the gentleuian might have found the unexpected peace of 1815 took place they
vantages, their eclucatioii, and their skill, are l
he table of the Britisli Parliament groaning
were ruined. Relief was called for, the tariff
best adapted; but the f’ar;_ner must leave his under the petitions of her suffering subjects, of H316 was granted, and here commenced
lllOllf€ll» llllll ‘he 5‘lllOl' lll-*3 Sllllb and ‘he IH‘~‘I'- painting in colors equally glowing with his the error ofthe system. i\lr.F.thus procecils :]
clmnl hi5 counting ll0"S€, and be lmmlfletl own descriptionof imaginary distress in this
Wlllllll ‘he “"(lll5 Of llllgc lll‘lllllf'"“3‘lll'lllt‘-I 65- happy country, and signed by ten time! the the internal duties had been continued for 1
T'<ll’l.l5lllllelll5§ ‘hill )’Oll‘ hgllcllllllle and )’OUl‘ number of half-starved victims which have year, and the rm-ilflimiled to two years, mo-
C°|T!mlil‘l-‘O mus‘ b9OOlll€' ‘flhll‘al"Y ‘O m<"”lllf?iC- been obtained by hawking petitions about our ny of the prose“; evils would have been 3-
IUFES; that agl'lt:lllltll‘€, the mother, and com- country for §jgn;1[nres_ Her gysteln is a mere voided Y‘,-,u,. n,an,,fapt,,,.es had been nursed
merce, the elder sister, must be sacrificed to opiale to relieve extreme distress—a Close 0f in a hot bed, they had sprung into existence
the ambition Of In3nHf-1C‘-Ul'65- the _V0lIDg0r poisonous or noxious drugs to counteract a as ifby magic, they were tender plants, and
sister. the miss in her teens- This is the new, ,-
aging disease, and the temporary relief, af-
If, at the time ofadopting the tariffof'l8l6,
should have been exposed carefully to the o-
lllls llle gl'il_ll‘l 5}’5l"l" Of POllOYa Wlllclj Y0" forded by this violent t'en1edy,has been inista- pen air. But yourtariff induced further in-
Pl'°l-lO“e ‘O lOl'°e “PO” ‘like §”°‘l Peollle Ol lllO5O ken by some of our political doctors as 8Vl- vestinents, which the state of this coiintrv and
United States.
Sir, you will soon find your impotence and
deuce ofperfect health in the body politic.
I cannot, I will not believe that the zealous
the state of the world would not warrant;
but they were built on your tariff alone, and
YOU’ ‘i'93l'\lle55 ll‘ ‘llls ’ll‘l3"hP‘- The Pl’-Ollle admirers of British policy: the Warm '<1<lV0- you stillhold out furtheriuducements to man-
afe YO‘ 3’Olll' lll‘l5‘9l'5s 3llllOl'.‘:’§ll YO“ m"_ly ‘hlhli cates of this wonderful tariff blll*"‘hl5 Plllenl ufactiiring cz1Pital by the continual promise of
them your slaves. Before you can effect this medicine, which is to cure all diseases, really
great change in the leading policy ofthe coun- ;
ntend to hazard the operation ofthis “ nos-
furtlier legislative aid, while your foreign
commerce, and of course your agricultural in-
"Y: YOU Ulll5‘ hl5‘ lllalle ‘he P‘3OPl3 3l“v03- l trttm”as a mere experiment upon the healthy, rerests, is languishing under your restrictive
3'" Well “Ville: lfYOl-l OO“l‘l call’? your new youthful, and vigorous constitution of our in- system and with your manufacturing interest,
5.Y5‘9"l Of POllCY ""0 fllll “lid °OmPl‘3‘O elh"O‘s fzmt C0"|11|')', "19l'OlY ‘O “35‘ ll5 elfeclsi llml if you pursue this American policy, will con-
the people would soon become slaves; the gen- l
hey mean to produce disease merely to shew
stantly become more and more embarrassed,
lU5 KOO 5Pll'l‘ Of YOOI §OVl3”ll“‘3ll‘- “'O"lll be their skill in curing lhe Pallenh N0, 5l|‘3— as you increase manufactures, while at the
5-‘llllfell’ Ollallgedi ‘h° elllllll ‘ll5ll'll’llll°h °l fienllelnena ll‘ ‘"5’ lllllllhll‘-‘ "PllllO"s have been very same time your are gradually destroying
Property! on whlch alone ll‘ ‘fee lalovellnlllelll (lf:‘CClV€(I the visionary dreams Of p'ilfllpll- their njarkey, your regtrjcfions on ti-ade”
can long exist, and the independent spirit of l
eteers, and political quacks, who have inun-
Your export tradejwas much diminished
our hardy yeomanry,would soon be destroyed: dated this country with their “specifics” and by your ta,-;fi" me surplus pmdoco of your ag-
your governincnt changed into a purse-proud
aristocracy,aiid your population become lords
and tenants.
But this you cannot effect. Any attempt to
force the people of these states into this silk-
worm policy, by the magic power orjvoo, ia,-.
iff l)ills.will prove abortive. Their habits are finding a catch-penny market for their books,
too deep iuotcd. The great variety and REP by the relation of horrid tales, made up to
tility of soil, the immense extent ofterritory,
and the ocean which washes nearly 3000 miles
of your coast ; the majestic navigable rivers
which, like the grand arteries in the human
body, flow from the heart of your country to
the ocean, speak a laiziguage which cannot be
misunderstood, and never will be disobeyod ;
you must and will be it great agricultural and
comiiiercial nation, in spite ofyour legislation.
You may, by your restrictions, embarrass
and fetter their enterprise, for a short period;
you may legislate them into adversity,but it is
impossible to legislate a people into prosperity.
The greatest degree of national and indi-
vidiial wealth is obtained by permitting labor,
skill, anti capital, to find their own employ-
merit and investment unsliackled,and encour-
age a free and unrestricted trade. Every at-
.-tempt of government to direct or regulate the
employment ofcapital, or enterprise, is mis-
cbievous. The only object of a wise govern-
ment sboiild be, to remove obstructions to the
free. use ofcapital and iridustry. The politi-
cians of Great Britain have become sensible
of the truth ofthis position, and are receding
from the system of arbitrary dictation and re-
frighten old woin_cn or crediilous children :—
like the story ofthe ‘Jersey dancers,wlio were
represented as having danced their feet off to
the fiddle ofthe Arch Deceiver,and were left
dancing on the stuiups of their legs after the
feet were worn off.’
I ask of any memberof this committee if
he has seen any such picture of extreme dis-
tress in this country ? A gentleman from Pa.
(Mr. Brown,) on the subject of iron, indeed,
told us, he had seen a sliciwffiioveriiig about
his iron works, and, probably, the iron was
hot ; but I did not understand him to say that
any ofthe owners or workmen were starving
for want of bread ; or that there was any in-
surrection or rebellion agaiiist the laws; or
that the bloody scenes of llofanchester were ex-
hibited in the state founded by the peaceful
Penn. That the golden days of our pros-
perity have contiuiied uuclouded to the pres-
ent time, no one will claim. The whole civ-
ilized world has received a shock by the sud-
den transition from a state of universal war
to universal peace. The best remedy is re-
pose: universal laiiguor and lassitudc is the
natural effect which is uniformly produced by
striations, and shall we now plunge into it ?—-
—violent exercise, and unusual eitcitement in
“ twslrums ."’ Wll0 llal“? OOllll"""l "P llllil§_lll3- riculture perished on your hands, or sold at
ry scenes ofdistress, borrowed, perhaps, from
n()VBlS,0l' the effusions Of 21 fC|‘Vl(l imagination debt; your cguntry was in debt; and [lie gen-
in painting 5081105 Of dlslresfi in Ollie? C0‘|"1- eral distress increased rather than diminished,
tries to which we are total strangers; or, per-
haps, merely for the mercenary purpose of
1-«fth of its former value: individuals were in
under your restrictive system. In this state of
adversity you flew to remedies poorly calmi-
lated to afford relief——you incorporated banks
with the delusive hope of increasing your
wealth by the issue ofa flood ofpaper iuoney,
without reflecting that the mere increase of
a circulating medium, instead of increasing
your stock of wealth, only increased your dis-
tress, by raising the price of your produce in
your own market so high as to prevent a fair
competition with others in a foreign market;
and while you have been engaged in devising
ways and means to restore prosperity, your
foreign customers have been driven to other
sources for the supply of the articles which
have been perishing on our hands, and
which would have found a ready niarket, but
for the system of policy to which you have
resorted in vain for relief.
During the three years succeeding the trea-
ty of peace, your agriculture and your com-
merce were at the lowest state of depression,
while your manufactures were supported by a
contribution levied on these great interests for
their support. During the last four years,
manufacturers have felttlie evils ofthe system
under which agricalturc and commerce had
suffered for three years, under the accumula-
ted pressure of hard times, and the bi-irdens
imposed on them, to sustain the manufactur-
ing interest-—-butstill. more by thciiifltix, of
every classlofour citizens ; and,if the officious‘
foreign goods forced_tlirough you; auctions.
Yes, sir, by the in1portations.of' fabrics of a
very inferior quality-—woolen goods manu-
factured like slieathiiig paper, neither spun
nor wov.e, but merely pasted together,the rem-
,nants.of_old garments, picked up and nianu-
factnred with as littleexpense as paper, and
through the medium of your auction, brought
in competition with your manufactures, sub-
ject to no charges except, perhaps, a small ad
valorem duty, and 1-4th of one per cent. com-
mission to the auctioneer. Inthis way the
foreign manufacturer has been enabled to
compete with your American manufactures-
and almost entirely to destroy the manufac-
tures ofcoarse woollen goods. This evil may
easily be remedied by your auction bill, now
on your table; and, by the minimum in the
bill-now under consideration, without any es-
sential injury to either your agriculture or
your commerce.
But, sir, another cause of embarrassment
begins to be felt, and is coinplaiued of in a
petition from the cotton manufactures in Del-
aware. Competition in our own country, in
the article of coarse cottons, which has dis-
tressed the manufacturers ; and yet you pro-
pose to give the same encouragement to fine
cottons and other manufactures, which have
produced this evil, and which experience has
proved injurious to coarse cottons, under your
prohibitory duties. Sir, the only reliefwhich
can be afforded in this case, is in a foreign
market. But you seem determined to pre-
vent the export to a foreign market, by laying
such duties on imports of articles which do
not affect your own manufactures, as will in-
evitably prevent exports; for trade can never
exist but in an interchange of commodities.
Will you still pursue this igiiisfatuzis while
your experience shows you its baneful effects?
The gentleman has called upon us to look
at the petitions from every section of the
country, and view the picture of general dis-
tress drawn up by the suffering citizens. Sir,
I have examined these petitions, and have
sought in vain for the picture of extreme dis-
tress which his warm imagination has painted;
they state coolly and dispassionately, general-
ly, that the great interests ofthe country are
depressed—that industry does not receive the
same liberal rewards as in former times; the
manufacturers ofthe various articles of wool,
cotton, iron, hemp, glass, 81.0. &Lc. have sta-
ted the burdens and the pressure upon the
particular articles, and appeal to the wisdom
of Congress to provide some reliefif practica-
ble. But, sir, ifgentlemen will examine these
petitions, and the sources from which they
come, they will find that those sections of our
country which have most mauiifactnring cap-
ital makethe least complaint. Take, for in-
stance, the six Eastern states, which, by the
return of the amount of capital invested, or
employed in inauufactures in tlieseveral states,
embraces about one lialfoftlie whole amount
employed in tbewliole countr_v,while the pop-
ulation of these states comprises but about one
sixth part of the whole population; from this
whole section you do not find one half as ma-
ny petitions as from the state of New-Jersey,
or one fourth as many as from Pennsylvania.
Indeed, you find about as many remonstratiug
against your ia.ri_'fl'bill, as of those who have
appealed to your wisdom for relief, and very
probably some of the same persons. After
seeing the bill-—for it does not appear proba-
ble, that these petitioners ever expected such
a remedy from the wisdom of Congress—
where do you find a memorial praying Cori-
gress to impose additional duty on spirits and
molasses? I-Vhat petition calls on Congress
to sacrifice either agriculture or commerce
for the support of manufactures? \Vhere is
the petition from the farmers, which asks you
to impose additional duty on wheat? On
hemp? On flax? Or even on wool? Ibe-
lieve there is one which asks fora duty on po-
tatoes. But, sir, Iunderstand the people of
that state, (Maine,)are not much in favour of
your tariff,nor are their representative among
the strong supporters of this bill.
I ask the attention of the house to the bill
itself; let us examine its provisions, and see
whether it is calculated to produce the effects
contemplated by its advocates. It proposes a
gradual increase ofduty on manufactures of
wool; but, in the next place, it proposes a
higher rate ofduty on the raw material : this
would operate as a bounty on the foreign
manufacture, but for the minimum value of
low priced cloths; in fact it will operate a-
gainst the manufactnre of fine cloth. It pro-
poses a duty on almost every tool, by name,
used by the mechanics, and on every imple-
ment used by the farmer, as well as on the
cooking utensils used by the poor. In com-
mittee you laid on molasses 100 per cent. on
the present rate of duty. Thus, you proposed
a heavy tax on an important article of sub-
sistence among the poor, either for the bone-
fit of that small part of our country where mo-
lasses is produced, or to encourage the use of
whiskey. But the House has rejected it. You
proposed to prevent the export of grain, and
convert it into whiskey. You prefer whiskey,
which pays no duty, to ruin, on which a heavy
duty is levied--even when a small portion of
molasses is distilled. There is no branch of
industry so well protected or so much encour-
aged by your tariff, as the mamifact-ure of
whiskey--perhaps for the benefit ofthe mor-
als ofthe people—for you have, by increasing
the duty on imported spirits,laid a large boun-
ty on whiskey at the hazard of at least one
half of the most profitable commerce of the
country—I ineau the trade with France, Hol-
land and the 'West-Indies—wliich afford a
better market for the surplus produce of ag-
riculture, than all the rcst ofthe world.
Sir, in my opinion, your bill, like the In-
dian’s description of punch, is made up of
contradictions. The principles contained in it
are at war with each other. You tax neces-
saries instead ofluxuries. You tax the im-
plements ofhusbandry and all the mechanic
arts, to promote industry. You tax the raw
material and the dye stuffs of your manufac-
tures. You tax one man to support another-
and then you tax the other to support biin.—
You tax industry. Yoti tax yourselves to sup-
port yourselves. You seem determined to
hear your own burdens, and will not consent
that others, who are willing, should assist you
——In this way you expect to grow rich and
become independent.
[Here Mr. Foot made some remarks in re-
ply to the observation of Mr. Storrs, ofN. Y.
that ‘ iftliis bill would_not encourage house-
hold manufactures, and find employment for
our wives and daughters, he would not vote
for it.’ He asked the indulgence ofthe house
while he read an extract ofa letter he had re-
eeived, from a gentleman in “ the state which
ga'gé_bir_tli to the Chairman of the Cdnimilf-'5
tee~,’to 7 Senators, and abnut~£.’0 members 0
the prescntCoiigress_”—-a slate whose interests
had been much neglected in the present bill ;.
and whose incorporated niatiufacturiiig cup‘-
ital was $7,440,000, the ninth part of the at-
mount in the whole Union, while her popula5
tion compri'z'e(I but 1-26th part, and her terri-
tory a still less proportion. _
Mr. F. here read from the lettcr—That pre-
vious to" the tariffof 1816, “ 100,000 yards" of
tow cloth were aniitially manufactured, in‘
their families, by the industrious feinales in
the vicinity, for market, at from 9.0 to 25 oils."
per yard.
of country, the last year, not fifteen thousand
yards were made :’ That these females are novi
out o‘l_'employ: That the writer has had ap-
plications, within the last 2 years, for employ;
by these females, in spinning flax, or any oth-
er eiiiployinent, for from 50 to 86 cents per‘
week. This maniifacture gave employ to ma-'
bor, were well fed and clothed, and contribu'-'
_tcd much to support their families.”
iVbat_, sir, let me ask, does this bill propose,‘
in relation to this subject? A duty ofthree‘
cents per pound on flax, to encourage the
raising ofthe article! to aid the agriculturift fl"
wliiletlie use ofthis article is almost entirely
superseded by the manufacture of cotton.-‘
Sir, your three cent duty on the‘ importation’
of flax, is very much like prohibiting the inn‘:
portation of coal to New-Castle, and it is very’
much to be feared that the country will find
its fond hopes and expectations of relieffroin
your tariff, as niucb disappointed as was the‘
philosopher, who attempted ‘to extract sun"-‘
beams from cucumbers.
proposed tariff bill, and of the system ofpoli-
cy which is proposed for our adoption. I sta-
ted, on a former occasion, that our present
tariff needed revision ; my‘ opinion is not
changed, that such a judicious revision might
be made, as to afford suitable aid to nianuf'ac-
tures, without inaterially injuring any other
interest. “"9 have built up some inanufac-
turing establishments by your laws ; they call
on you for aid and for protection. It is your
duty to prevent any unfair or unequal compe-
tition of foreign manufactures, with ourdo-
mestic maniifactiires, in our own market.——
This may be effectually done by laying a
heavy duty on sales at auction of foreign inan-
ufactures, and by the present iiiinimuin in the
bill. Some ofonr present manufacturing es-
tablishments rcqnire a further temporary eu-
cnuragement to put them in successful opera-
tion. This may be effected by a moderatein-
crease ofduty on the articles which directly
compete with-them in our own market, and
which are imported from those countries with
which our trade has been least profitable ; but
their ultimate success must depend on their
own industry and economy, and the facilities
wliicb may be afforded for a foreign market
by means ofa free and active'commerce, to
the prosperity ofwhich they will essentially
contribute, with suitable encouragement.
Icannot believe that sound policy would.
dictate such a degree of encouragement to
manufiictures in this country, as to invite cap-
ital from other pursiiits,at the present tiine.——
Our country is in its infancy ; our territory
too extensive ; our population not siifficieutly
dense, nor the raw materials of the various
manufactures sufficiently plenty, nor labour
sufficiently cheap, nor are the habits ofonr
people, nor the genius ofonr governnient,cal-
culated for a large and extensive manufactur-
ing people.
But, sir, my firm beliefis, that, by reducing
the present rate of duties on the importation
of foreign articles, which do not, and will not,
compete with our own manufactures, so as
sensibly to affect any of our existing estab-
lishments, a foreign market might now be
found for all our surplus produce, and more
life and vigor restored to our industry, than by
all the legislative aid which we can afford.-—
Reduce the duty on Madeira wine, on ardent:
spirits, on sugar and coffee, the products of
those countries in which your agriculture finds
the best market, so as not to prevent their ini-
portation from the certainty ofloss to the im-
porter, and you will find every cent which
you take from the imported article, added
with interest and a handsome profit to the pro-
duce ofyour farms, and the export of your
surplus produce. Your commerce will flour-
ish , your agriculture revive,your manufactures
receive a powerful stimulus, your revenue
increase, and the “ golden days ofcoinniercial
prosperity” will soon be restored; not,iudeed,
to the full extent which you enjoyed, when
you monopolized_the trade ofthe whole civil-
ized world. Commerce is a common inher-
itance of all nations, and, in times of general
peace, we must be contented with our ftill
share, which the industry and enterprise of
our citizens will always command, unless they
are prevented, by the restrictions of our own
laws. Gentlemen mistake,ifthey think there
is no foreign market for our produce. Ibe-
lieve, at this time, the price ofonr produce in
the West Indies is nearly the same as in the
days ofonr greatest prosperity ; but they can-
not purchase of us, unless we can‘ receive
their produce in return, and this we cannot do
without incurring an immense loss, in conse-
quence ofour heavy duties on imports; and,
thus, the only market for our agricultural pro-
ducts is transferred to others, who understand
their interest better. You give to Canada all
the West India trade, and the rum, on which
you charge a duty of 46 cents a gallon, when
imported by your own citizens, is smuggled
into the United States, and you not only lose
the trade, but you lose the duty ; you encour-
age smuggling, and you do not much improve
the whiskey manufacture, for the rum will
compete with it. A gentleman from Penn.
stated, that rum, in Quebec,I think, costs on-
ly about 5 cents more than your present duty.
Sir, I must be allowed to say, that your tar-
iff needs a judicious revision, and that such a
revision might be made; but, I cannot say
the present bill provides such a judicious re-
vision.
Sudden movemenl.—-Tbc Hon. John Ran-
dolph, “caine galloping into Baltimore on
o’clock, dressed in a fur cap, blue coat, white
vest,‘ drab panlaloons, white top boots and
spurs, and took passage iniinediately in the-
Philadelphia steam-boat.” He arrived here
on Saturday morning, took lodgings at Bun-
ker’s Mansion House, and sailed on the sev-
enteenth instant in the Nestor, with his ser-
‘vant, for Liverpool.
.7\”e-w-York Statesman-.
_ That this clotli-was made by the __
industrious poor. That, in the same extent ‘
ny industrious females, who, by their own la’-’ '
Mr. Speaker, these are my views of_tlie' .
Thursday, the I'2lll instant, at halfpast twelve ,
Norwalk Chronicler