- River Bank.
Warren, "the house adjourned, without a
ti ecision on the resolution.
Mr,Rugerobjected to the bill because it
would introduce spies about the committees,
who wduld carry all the crude remarks they
heard, to the newspapers. Mr. Gardiner_re-
quested Mr. Roger to explain—for if he im-
puted the term spies to members ofthe house
he called him to order—lt was neither C0H‘€Ct
-“nor geutletnanly. Mr. Barstow made some
remarks in favor of his bill, and read an ex-
triict from Jeft'erson’s Manuel, in which it was
explicitly laid down to be the right of mem-
bers toiattend such committees. And he would
ask whether it was proper for_a chairman ofa
committee, when a‘ member approached the
commi_ttee room, to say to him——Depart, sir,
you are a Spy 51 Mr. Crary asked whether he
was standing among the representatives of
freemen or of slaves? If of the former, we
were bound to let those who sent us here know
what was going on. Committees wer.e_ap-
pointed to report facts and their opinions
thereon, and was it necessary for making out
such a report that it should be concealed in
darkness ? The powers ofthe committee are
derived from the house, and shall they slap
the doors in the faces of those who created
them, and brand tbein as spies 53 Let them
cork the keyholes oftheir,doors,ifthey choose,
btit their doings will out. Let them cast the
die——it maybe the die of blood. Mr. Flagg
said, the gentleman talked of blood 2 when
the country was bleeding at every pore, the
same gentleman turned away his eyes-(cries
of orderhere burst forth froui every part ofthe
liouse)——Mr. F. continued, gentlemen seemed
to apprehend some powder plot, but he had
no such apprehension. Hethoiiglit the reso-
lution was unnecessary, improperand ‘unpre-
cedented, and_ could see no good growing out
of it, asit was inipossible to suppress any thing
from the house. Mr. Crary rose only to say
that‘the insintiation ofthe gentleman that he
was in any manner opposed to his country in
the late war was unqualifiedly F./QLSE.
Jan. l7.—-Nothing was done in_tlie Assem-
bly this day,except disposing of Mr. Burstow’s
resolution. It was called up again, and after
a lengthy debate, a motion was made by Mr.
VVhiting, of Ontario, to postpone the further
consideration thereof until the 3d Thursday
‘in Feb. which motion prevailed by a large ma-
jority—ayes 83—noes 34.
The Committee on Banks and Insurance
Couipaiiies, reported in favor of the Fulton
Bank, and presented a bill accordingly,whicli‘
was ordered to be printed at the expense of
the applicants.
.The caucus that stood adjourned to meet
again last evening, met pnrsuaiit to adjourn-
ment aiid received the report of the commit-
tee apointed at the previous rneeting—the_re-
port was agreed to without a dissenting voice,
and the utmost harmony prevailed-There
were about 93 present, including Senators.——
There were some whom it is said are in favor
of the. principles contained in the report who-
were absent.—Several of the Senators have
, not yet arrived. The report is not printed.
In flssembly, .Mona'a_7/, Jan. l9.——The nie-
morial of IsaacLawrence and others, ofNew-
York, praying for a law to incorporate them
‘and their associates by the name ofthe‘ Atlan-
tic Insurance Company of New-York, was
read and referred. The memorial of the N.
York Slate Company, praying for a renewal
-of their charter andgiving them additional
powers, was referred to a select cominittec.—
The memorial of Benjamin Judah, and otli-
ers, of New-York, praying for the incorpora-
tion ofa company, with a capital of3300,00t)
under the name of the Ne.w-York Lombard
Association of the City of‘ New—York——Re-
ferred to a select committee.
[Petitioiisare before the legislature for a
bank at \Vhitehal'l to be called the Champlain
i Canal Bank; for the incorpo_ration ofthe U.
S. Fire Insurance Company, at N. York ; for
a bank in Broadway by the name ofthe Man-
‘i)faCtlll'el”S and Farmer’s Bank; for the in-
corporation ofthe Williamsburgh Ferry Coin-
pany; for a benevolent Society at Brooklyn,
under the name ofthe African Woolmaii So:
ciety ; for a bank to be located in the county
of Westchester; and for a bank in Coopers-
town, to be called the Otsego County Bank.]
Bills ‘reported-—-‘ An act relative to the set-
tlement of county charges in the county of
Steuben, and for other purposes.’—-‘ An act to
~ incorporate the Bank of Rochester.’——‘ An act
concerning passengers in vessels coming to
the Port ofN. York.’
Mr. Pell offered for the consideration of
the house the following—Resolved, That the
committee of nine, to whom was referred a
bill entitled ‘ An act to provide for the choice
of electors ofPresident and Vice President of
the U. States by the people ofthis State,’ re-
port l'Ol'lllWllll,.(.‘r with the leastpossible delay,
the proceedings ofsaid committee on that and
other siibjccts referred to them by this House.
Ordered, That the said resolution do lie up-
on the table.
The Senate in committee ofthe whole pas-
sed the bill entitled ‘An act to amend the act
- for the assessment and collection of_taxes.’—
Andthen went into executive business.
Jcm..20.—lii the Senate, a bill was reported
relative to the settlement of the accounts of
sundry per.-ons’ with the state. _
In the Assembly, petitions were presented
from New—York for the incorpo_ration of the
Jefferson Fire Insurance and the Mohawk In-
surance Companies; also for the iiicorpora
tion ofa company for dying and printing cot-
ton, woollen, silk, &c. A petition was pre-
serrted from the N. Y. Chemical'Manuf_'actu-
ring Company, for leave ‘to employ part of
their capital for banking purposes.‘
Bills were reported for revising and pub-
lishingtlie laws of the sta'te-—concerning pub-
lic exhibitionsiin N. York-and to authorize
"a dam in‘-the Susquehannah river, at Tioga.
‘The House then went into committee, and
.passed the bill for tlie"r'eliefpftliesufferers on
=the«Niagara frontier, wliose property was de-
stroyed by the encmy during the late war.
Jan Qt.-—-lu the Senate the bill fnrtlier to
amend the‘-Maps or plan‘ of the city ofN~ew-
York, was passedin ‘committee. Also, the
hill forthc relief ‘of'Wid-ows and Or'plia_ns.——
- [This act saves to the widows andorphaiis un-
rtil the youngest cliildarrives to the age of 21,
all the property-.which is by law exempt from
.-execution—-under the former, laws,- not any
thing was left for the widow an,,d‘ch‘ildren-—
not even the necessary articles" of'fCl9thing.]
In the Assembly, two memorials» were"pre-
sented from New-York, for the incorporatioii
of a.Company under the name 'uf_'the' East
The House went into com-
oftlio Senate, rrpon
Illlll(;_C on the resolutions
the documents transmitted by the Executive
of Tennessee,in relation to the nomination of
a candidate for the Presidency by members
of Congress. After some debate the subject
was referred to a select committee, consisting
ofMessrs. King, Edwards, Waterman, Tillot-
son, M’Clure, Roger and Flagg.
' The bill concerning passengers arriving at
the port of N. York-—and some other bills of
minor importance were passed in committee.
Jan. 2R.—In Assembly, a bill was reported
prescribing the time and manner of choosing
electors of President and Vice President of
the U. States, which was made ‘the special or-
der ofthe day for Tuesday next.
_ The billprovides that thirty four electors
shall be chosen by a general ticket, one of
whom shall be taken from each congressional
district, and that a majority of all the votes of
the state shall be necessary for an election-—
and -that theremaining two be appointed by
the electoral college when convened. The s-
lection to take place on the first Monday in
Nov. next. No provision is made in the bill
for the appointment in case of no choice by
the people.
Jan. Q3.-Mr. King,~ from the select.coin-
mittee, to whom was referred the resolutions
of the Senate relative tothe proceedings of
Tennessee, reported the same with some a-
mendments, which report was committed to a
committee of the whole.
, -»eQe««
A letter from an Auierican at Gibraltar,
dated Nov. 27, contains the following:
‘ The Russian Minister at Madrid, is said
to talk loud ofthe United States as the source
of alltlie revolutionary principles which troub-
le so much the crowned heads of Europe.-
Tlie English are evidently courting our friend-
ship, in hope, no doubt, ofa co-operatioii with
them in their expected contest. Two 74’s
are here having brought the 12th regiment of
Infantry to this place, and will take on board
the 27th for the West Indies—tliey are said
to have fitted out in a great hurry.’
Colombia-—Tlie following is an extract of
a letter from a distinguislied American, to his
friend in Richmond, dated Bogota, Oct. 5.
‘ About a fortnight since, Col. Hamilton set
out by ilie way of Caseiiade and the Meta to
Angostura, and thence to London. Among
the objects to be effected before his return
here in Jan. H52’, he proposes to procure the
recognition of G. Britain; for which, in ad-
vance, these people have given him the exclu-
sive privilege for 10 years of navigating in
steam boats, and cansequeutly of controlling
the commerce on the Orinoco and its waters,
to which may be added the settlement of his
accounts, swelled up in four or 5 years from
10,000 to 250,000, bearing 12 per cent. inter-
est,and to be paid out ofthe loan of30,000,000
dollars to be negotiated in London.
‘ Col. Johnson and Mr. Thompson have
gone to London to fulfil their contract for the
salt works at Zepiquire, Sac. at $150,000 a yr.
for 10 years. Capt. Cocliraiie of the British
navy is assisting Pepe Pades to drain the lake
of Gualivisa. I visited that and the salt works
the other day——-also the valley across the An-
des on the head waters of the Meta; the ciil-
tivation and soil good,and the climate deliglit-
ful.’-—It'ichmond big.
—.a
VVe letirn that some Spanish Constitution-
alists ofdistinguished merit have arrived at
Baltimore from Teneriffe, whither they had
fled from Spain, but whence they were also
obliged to fly on the restorafozi of the abso-
lute goveruiiieiit. One of them is Mr.l\Iexia,
formerly it lawyer, and well known as the a-
ble and intrepid editor of the Madrid paper
called the Ziirriago, which inculcated even
republican principles. Another is the late
editor ofthe Cadiz Gazette, the Constitution-
al, in which the Cortes were perservingly and
zealously supported : And a third, of anoth-
er liberal journal, the Perrito. Orders had
been transmitted to 'I‘eneriffe that they should
be immediately seized and sent back to Spain
to be tried and punished ; that is shot or liung.
They escajietl with didiculty on board a ship
from a troop ofliorse commissioned to pursue
and detain them. It is probable that they are
in a very necessitous condition, owing to the
precipitation with which they were forced to
leave the Spanish dominious. Their exer-
tions and sufferings in the cause of Liberty,
entitle them to more than mere sympathy
from the American public. The spirit of lib-
erality which has been awakened so widely in
favor of the Greeks, might be extended to
such victims of Despotisni as these Spanish
emigrants, with particular propriety and cred-
it. Here is an opportunity for administering
present and certain relief upon the same prin-
ciples.—.N'ational Gazette.
New-Yomr, Jan. 20.
Capture of Pirates-—Captain Labouisse,
29 days from St. Domingo City, informs that
a small schooner was fitted out at that place,
to go in quest ofthe pirates who robbed the
brig William-Henry, (which has arrived at
this port, and the particulars of which have
already been published.) The governor fur-
nished men, arms, ammunition, and money.
After being out 12 days, the schooner t“eturn-
ed with Eighteen Pirates, a considerable quan-
tity ofhides, coffee and indigo, and some cash,
found on the Island of Saona, Q5 leagues »_to
windward of St. Domingo, and it was expect-
en they would receive the punishment due to
their crimes. »
The above account is enclosed from St.Do-
mingo, by Mr. J. T. Brenan, who it will be
remembered was supercargojofthe \Vm. Hen-
ry, aiid left among the pirates at La’ Mona’.
MEXICO.-—\Ve learn from Havana, that-
Gen. Apodaca, formerlyVice-Roy ofMexico,
was daily expected at Havana,-at our last
dates, from Spain, with about 4.000 troops-
these were to be joined by such as could be
spared from Havana, and from thence pro-_
ceed to Mexico, with the intention of recov-
ering that_ country for the King,'.if practica-
ble.—Cliarlcston C'ourier.._, i -
Porto" Rico Priuatecrs.-,—i-Capt. York,.ar_i'iy_-L
ed at Charleston ’7ft'oni Porto .Rico, informs
tliiattojrilers had been received the_re from Old,
Spain,‘ since.‘the;_i;e-establishment of King
Ferdinand, toeriforfce aiiew the Blockade of
all.;t,hc ,_ports and places on the Main, which
are_in the possession of the Independents ;
'ai1d',__?tlriat_privateers were-fittiiigout with all
e_x’ped_it_ion,, to carry these ‘orders into effect.
{yl/efirnay therefore. expect to'see renewed the
~sys‘ie‘ri,i of»'__legaliz'e.d 'piracy,~for.merly carried
on ;by the Pancliiia and others ; unless they
are restrained‘ by our vessels of war in that
_quart_er.-—Ib.
' = ’, CONGRESS.
{ Continued from the jirst page.)
Senate, Monday, Jan. 19.—A bill from the
House, authorising the purchase of Seven Per
Cent Stock,was read a third time and passed.
Seminole Way-,——On Motion of Gen. Jack-
son, the bill providing that every volunteer
ofiicer engaged in the service, who lost any
horse or horses, shall be allowed and paid the
value thereof, provided such loss has not aris-
en from any fault of his own, was _taken tip,
and after a brief discussion, ' in which the bill
was advocated by Gen. Jackson and Mr. Ea-
ton, and opposed by Mr. Chandler and Mr-
Hayne, the bill was passed. .
House of Representatives, Jan. 19.—The
Tarifi'—Mr. Tod gave notice, that oti this day
22 weeks he should call for the consideration of
the bill to impose additional duties on imports.
Mr. Floyd, from the coiiirriittee to whom
the subject was referred, reported a bill to an-
thorize the occupation of the Columbia or
Origon river ; which was twice read and
coiiiiiiitted.—————The bill concerning invalid
pensioners was read a third time, passed, and
sent to the Senate for concurrence.
THE GREE.KS—Thc House then resolv-
ed itselfinto acoinmittee on Mr.Webster’s res-
olution to send out a commissioner to Greece
——Mr. Taylor in the chair.
Mr. Webster commenced his speech at a-
bout one o’clock, iuiniediately after the busi-
ness ofpreseiitiiig and referring petitions and
uieiiiorials was disposed of, and occupied the
floor until between three and four o’clock in
the afternoon. Our readers will of course ex-
pect a sketch ; and at six o’clock in the eve-
ning, after undergoing the fatigue of writing
three hours in taking notes without rising from
my seat, I set down for the purpose ofreport-
iiig before the mail closes, one of the most
argumentative and elaborate speeches, proba-
bly ever delivered iii the House of Represen-
tatives. No other apology, I trust, will be ne-
cessary for the injustice that may be done both
to the speaker and to myself.
The discussion took place in committee of
the whole, Mr. Taylor of New-York in the
chair, on the question of agreeing to the res-
olution, proposing to make an appropriation
for defraying the expenses of sending an a-
gent or commissioner to Greece,wlienever the
President of the United States shall deem
such an embassy expedient.
Mr. Webster commenced his remarks with
expressing a fear, that so far as it depended
on him, the public would be disappointed in
the character ofthis discussion. In referring
to a spot upon theglobe so inteiestiiig and ex-
citing such a train of associations as that of
Greece, he felt how difficult it would be to a-
void a warmth of feeling and expression ; but
he should endeavor as far as possible to repress
the impulses of the heart, and enter upon the
discussionin a cool and dispassionate manner.
It would be necessary however to remove from
this legislative hall ; from the Corinthian pil-
lars which arise around us ; from the grandeur
ofthe dome by which we are canopied ; from
the models of architecture which are visible
on all sides ; nay, from the presence of men
whose minds were imbued with classicallearn-
ing; and from the traces of ancient liberty
discoverable in our institutions, if we would a-
void all memorials which would remind us of
Grecian genius, taste, and freedom, and divest
ourselves entirely of those associations which
influence the judgment. But much as we ow-
ed to ancient Greece, as the parent of the arts
and of letters, it was not for the purpose or
with the expectation of paying a debt of grat-
itude, that he had now come forward. Our
concern was solely with modern Greece-with
the living and-not with the dead. He was a-
ware how easy it was to throw ridicule upon
the object of this resolution—-to denounce it
as Quixotic, or denominate it a niotlcrn cru-
sade. But for his part, he viewed it in a more
serious light, and must be permitted to consid-
er it as a great question in which the country
was deeply interested. He could not forget
the spirit of the age, in which we lived ; the
great revolutions which are taking place in
the institutions ofsociety.
The President of the U. States had deemed
this subject ofsnfficient iniportance, tojiistify
a reference to it in his annual message, in
which he had expressed an opinion, that the
Turks had forever lost tlieirdoniinioii over the
Greeks. He had also alluded to the combina-
tion of European Sovereigns, and a supposed
intention to interfere with the liberty and in-
dependence of the South American govern-
ments. It appeared to him highly proper for
the House to make some response to the sen-
tiiiients ofthe Executive. The custom of a
formal answer to the message of the chiefina-
gistrate, had been long since discontinued;
but the house responded by adopting a reso-
lution, expressive oftlieir views and opinions.
lftlie clause in the message were proper, he
could perceive no impropriety in the resolu-
tion. He would by all means avoid the res-
ponsibility of comproinittiiig the interests of
this nation, or of involving the country in the
controversies of Europe. The policy ofthe
U. States was purely pacific ; and no projec-
tor could devise schemes of prosperity so flat-
tering, as the actual conditioii ofthe republic
warranted us in anticipating, and as time, iii-
dustry, and the arts would develope. Our
greatness was unavoidable; our resources fast
unfolding ; and_ he was far, very far, from
wishing any change in the pacific policy of
the government. But while we were great,
and prosperous, and happy, he hoped the U.
States would always entertain liberal and en-
lightened views towards other nations, strug-
_ gliug for liberty, and attempting to establish
free governments. Wlieresoever efforts of
this kind are making; wlieresoever free prin-
ciples are advancing; and systems of'govern-
tnent undergoing a favorable change, he hop-
ed ,the sympathy and the influence of this
ctitintry would not be withheld, and that the
great. American Republic would always be
found mi -the side,.ol'liberty. lVe lived in a pe-
culiar age ofthe world ; and the policy ofonr
government should be shaped to suit its spirit.
_?T‘lieann_alsof}1nc§piit and modern times might
be ransacked, but no period in the history of
‘tlie-'t'vorld€c'oiuld be found so pregnant with im-
p'o'rt’an_t,_event,5i? and in’ all respects so interest-
ing as’ the present. Wliere is the individual
who could wish _-to have lived in any other age?
Our own government had existed for neafly
halfa century, iiidependerit, free, and happy.
The experiment of_its ~—exg:ellence had been
fairly tried." Our country-had" ‘acqpiréd "an
impetus ‘towaidsf'_g'r_eatricss and “prosperity,
which could not, be i"'estraiued'; yits doctrines
}could not be controlled; we iniist be ‘great
and powerful". . V
Important events were developing them-
selves,iii Europe; and it was impossible for us
to be disinterested spectators of these scenes.
A period had arrived when a revolutionary
spirit had gone forth, and when the world
would no longer be contented even under kind
masters. The subjects of monarchs and des-
pots claimed a share in the concerns of gov-
ernment, and would not acquiesce in that
blind obedience, to which they once submit-
ted ; like us they were asserting the privilege
of self-government. Such was the genius of
the age in which we lived. He repeated, we
could not be disinterested in its events. A
combination of sovereigns had been formed
to check the progress of liberty, and to crush
the principles, upon which all free govern-
mcnts rested. Iftliis were not the character
and object ofthe Holy Alliance, he had~great-
ly niiscoiiceived its views and intentions, and
with the rest ofthe world,liad feltafalsealarni.
He begged the patience and the attention of
the committee, while he went into a briefex-
amination of facts connected with the history
ofthis League. He would go no further back
than the prostration and exile ofthe Emperor
of France; and confine his exaiiiiuation to
the official documents promulgated by the
combination of sovereigns. In Sept.13l5, an
edict was published by the orderoftliisLeague,
which purported to be solely of a religious
character, and to enjoin an expression ofgrat-
itude for the termination of the war and the
general pacification of Europe. So it was re-
garded. Beiiig deemed ofa religious charac-
ter, referring cliicfly to subjects of the allied
sovereigns, it did not excite much attention or
alarm, although it was received asa novelty.
By this compact the internal policy of the
European governments was to be regulated;
and the parties contracted not to disturb the
general peace ofthe coiitinent. It prescrib-
ed duties, which might and should have been
performed without a formal agreement ; and
the stipulation was therefore wholly superer-
ogatory.
Mr.Webster here read an extract from Pu-
fendorf, showing that the laws of natiotis did
not sanction leagues of this description, hav-
mg no other ostensible object than the main-
tenance ofpeace. But although this first de-
cree of the Holy Alliance was'of a religious
character, and no otherwise interesting, than
as being the commencement of a series of de-
clarations, it had been followed by practical
consequences and by edicts ofa different char-
acter. It had been subsequently promulgated
and maintained, that the rights of nations pro-
ceed from the grants of crowns. The anti-
quated doctrine of the divine right of kings
had been revived. This principle,dangcrous
and absurd as it was, had been recognized at
the restoration of the Bourbons to the throne
ofFrance. It was going back to the dark :1-
ges; to such a period as England experien-
ced before the time of the Magna Charta, and
the doctrine, if recognized, would prove sub-
versive ofthe constitution ofthat country.
The Holy Alliance was emphatically a
league of crowned heads against the people ;
a combination for the protection of thrones;
and if its usurpations were tolerated, there
could no longer be an independent nation. It
created, as it were, a horizontal division ,' all
above the line were sovereigns ; all below, the
people, who were debased and trampled tin-
der foot. It was a triple, quadruple, or per-
haps he might say quintriple alliance for the
suppression offree principles,and for rivetting
still closer the chains of Europe. It must in
the end lead to perpetual wars ; since the great
mass of the people, gradually becoming more
enlightened and better acquainted with their
rights, would not submit to an iron bondage.
Ifa Spaniard raises his voice against the Iii-
quisition, he is denounced as an enemy of the
goverinnent; if a Greek lifts his arm against
his Mehomctan aggressor, he is proscribed as
throwing a firebrand into iegitimate govern-
ments, to kindle rt revolution. Such princi-
ples could not long be endured.
Mr. “febster next adverted to the congress
of sovereigns at Troppau. A new principle
was here set tip. It was what might be called
the law of vicinage. The allied sovereigns
entered into a compact to suppress all revo-
liitions, and to interfere in the regulation of
the internal afl'airs of other governments, for
no better reason than because the example
might become dangerous. VVhat, he asked,
would protect the U. States from the opera-
tion of such a principle? Was not the doc-
trine as applicable to us, as to any other na-
tion ? and was not_otir example dangerous to
the legitimate governments of Europe ? The
promulgation of such a decree amounted to
an open declaration against the progress of
knowledge, the reformation in the systems of
government, and the prevailing spirit of the
age. No writer on the laws of nations had
sanctioned such a doctrine, which he believ-
ed to be entirely now.
Mr. V\'ebster next adverted to the congress
at Verona, and read a statement made by Mr.
Chateaubriand, of a conversation between
him and the Emperor Alexander, in which
the latter explicitly avowed, that there could
no. longer be such a thing as a Russian, Prus-
sian, Austrian, French, or English policy.-—
Separate-views and interests must always be
amalgamated and absorbed in a regard for a
general system. - The Emperor loved the
Greeks ; but there were signs of a revolution
in the Morea, which must not be countenan-
ced, as it would endanger the quiet ofRussia.
Mr. Chateaubriand had deemed ‘these words
so precious, that he hastened from the august
presence of the emperor to his own bureau,
for the purpose of recording them. Mr.lVeb-
ster fully accorded with the French royalist,
that the words of the Czar were indeed pre-
clone and worthy of being recorded. If there
was to be no longer aseparate Russian, Prus-
sian or French policy, he hoped in God there
would be an American policy,wliicli we should
forever be ready to vindicate and maintain.
He then referred to the Congress atLabacli,
and the decree ofthelflth Mayt8‘2l, in which
the allied sovereigns openly and avowedly pro-
test against all free constitutions. This is sub-
versive ofthe principle, which had long been
recognized, that nations have a right in ex-
treme cases, to resist the oppression and ty-
ranny of governments. A usurpation so des-
potic and tyrannical would preclude all pos-
sible reformation; for where could an irri-
provement in the corrupt and antiquated sys-
toms of government commence if not with
the people. Such an edict could never be
enforced for any considerable time. In an
age when knowledge and philosophy were
‘advancing, the people would not stop short
in the work of their reformation, and not ex-
‘tend their improvement to the systems of gov-
ernment. [The preceding is extracted from
the ‘N. Y. Statesman——tbe following is from
theWashingtonRepublican and Intelligencenj
There was an unseen but not an unfelt pow-
er oflaw, which is founded on public opinion,
and which runs through society, “ the world’s
C0“eCI.Cd Will.” the IRVV Ofnations, 5[a[gs
are all equal; and on what principle is this
established law to be overthrown ? Itmay be
asked what is it to us that this alliance has
thank our situation forit. But it is something
to us. We are interested in the preservation
of the law of nations. We are interested in
the protection of those‘ great’ principles on
which our government in‘founded. Is that
nothing to us, which interferes with the cause
of civil and religious liberty throughout the
world ? We must act on principles; and the
same principles which will lead us to aid
Greece by our opinions, will operate to com-
pel us to_resist any combined attempt to sub-
due the liberties of the American continent.
Have we not the right to acquiesce in, or to
resist opinions which have such a powerful op-
eration on the insfitutioiis of society.
The next question is—“ What can. we do?”
If we are in danger, how can we amid the
danger? F0|'merly, a question of this kind
was answered by the amount ofsubsidies which
could be brought into operation, and the force
which couldbe brought into the field. But;
there is a force above all physical power, and
this IS the force of opinion. An enemy from
a road could scarcely annoy us. VVe have a-
mong us a spirit ofriiauly independence which
can never be put down. The force ofpublic
opinion is irresistible. An hostile array ofar.
ones had indeed gone from the Pyreiinees to
Cadiz ; but what ofthat? Public justice was
not satisfied-——tlie opinion ofthe world is still
arrayed against the iniquitious scheme ; and
the opinion of the thinking world, which, be
thanked God, composed the greater partofit,
would ultimately prevail.
But to proceed to the immediate object of
the resolution. There is a document on the
table showing the population of Greece. In
her political and coininercialcharactei‘ she has
made great advances within the last 40 years.
Her sailors are the best ofall which navigate
the Mediterranean. There are now seven mil-
llons of Christian Greeks under the Ottoman
power. Mr. Hobliouse says they have 50,000
seamen. He thought this an exaggerated
statement; but taking it at one half, it was an
important number. They have 116 ships,and
an extended commerce. In their moral cori--
dition they are making rapid progress. Prin-“
ting presses are introduced among them, and
works have been translated. All this has
been done in the face of an oppression the
most destructive that could be imagined. The
Turkish government was a cruel military tyr-
anny, and the Turks had been described as an
encampment, rather than a settled nation. ' It
is in its nature entirely despotic: there is no
property, no security. One great source of
revenue is the sale ofjudicial ofiices; and ev-
ery member of this committee, knows that
there can be no oppression or,-iial to that with
which the Turks have afflicted Greece. The
history of the world shows nothing like it.—-
VVe have read of rebellions, and coiiquests,but
nothing like tliis-—tliere is nothing on the
page of history which comes home to our feel-
ings in so emphatic a tone, as the cries of
Greece. She has suffered too, all this op-
pression under the eyes of all the civilized
and Christian nations ofEurope. He review-
ed rapidly the history ofGreece, and her for-
mer connection with Peter, and expressed his
surprise that any attempt on the part ofthe
Greeks to throw off the yoke of the Turks,
should excite the displeasure ofRussia. Once
it was not thought by Russians criminal in the
Greeks to assist the Turks. On the contrary,
is it not known to all the world that Russia
advanced a claim of some kind against the
Porte to the allegiance ofGreece ? Did not.
Peter the Great-secure for them the passage
of the Dardanelles? Did he not adopt the
far-famed banner of Constantine, “In /ioc
signo 1n'nces”f? Did he not stamp upon his
coin “PETRUS I. Russo-Gnzacoa, IMPERA-
Tort?” From 1769 to 1774 did not Russia
engage in successive campaigns against the
Porto, and did she not fill Greece with her
armies? Vlfere not the Turks compelled to
admit, by treaty, the independence of the
Czar of the Krimea? And did not the Em-
press Catharine, when she conquered the Kri-
mea, inscribe over the gate of Kerson “ THE
ROAD TO BYZANTIUM ?” Strange indeed I--
after all this, that a Greek insurrection against
the Turks should excite the indignation ofthe
Emperor of Russia! Yet, what says the
Coiigres of Verona, held no longer ago than
last year? It denounces ‘the rash and culpa-
ble conduct of the Greeks, who have thrown
a firebrand itito the midst ofthe Ottoman Ein-
pire.’ Iftliey did, that was done long before
they did it, and they were by this very power
encouraged to do it. Might it not have been
expected that at that Congress some relenting
of compassion would have been felt for these»
suffering Greeks? Nobody doubts the power
of that Congress to aid them—-one word would
have delivered the whole nation. If, as that.
alliance professed, they took Christianity for
their guide, what must be said of their aban-
doning seven millions of Christian people
to be trampled upon by barbarians ? The
Russian religion was the same as that of the
Greeks, yet when the Greek patriarch lost his
liead in 1821, and it was placed on the top of
the Seraglio, the avenging of this murder was
stigmatised by Russia as throwing a firebrand
into the Ottonianempire. He adverted to the
assertion of Baron Strogonoff, the Russian
-miuister,wlien the Porte inflicted his unequal-
led cruelty on the Greeks in 182I,that if per-
sisted in, such acts of barbarity would be good
ground for uniting allChristian nations against
the Porte. Yet the massacres of Scio and
Cyprus had not then been perpetrated.
Hc,reverted to the improvement of the con-
dition ofthe Greeks. A society had been for-
med in Germany for the purpose of aiding
this improvement. Her political improve-
ment he sketched, from the first kindlings of
the spirit of freedom, through all the ardent
acts which had subsequently resulted from
them; and embraced iii it the bold and gal-
lant rising of Ali Pacha, and his unfortunate
fate, the campaign of 1822; and the catastro-
phe of Scio, that favoured isle, that seat of
Grecian liberty,where the wealth and the lear-
ning,and the chiefpopulation ofGreece were
concentrated. He described the valor of the
Greeks, and gave a succinct narrative ofthe
awful slaughter which depopulated the isle of
Scio, sending 40,000 of her women and chil-
dreuiiito slavery ;the destruction ofthe Greek
thus acted ? If it is, nothing .to us, we may '
Norwalk Chronicler