‘question is, what t
FROM Tim sfr. Louis enquxana.
T/ze C'olum6ia Rz'ver.-—-The3-project of some"
citizens of Virginia to settl_e_on the Columbia,
revives the idea of a town and colony onf,tliat‘i'iv-
er. .
‘Mr. John Jacob Astor, of .‘tl~(:\V York, made an
establishment at its month just before the'com~
tnencement of the last war, which was broken up
soon after by British and Indian hostility.
The Virginians contemplate an establishment
on the navigable waters of the Columbia, but we
should think that the place of its junction with
the Multucmah would furnish the most elligible.
These rivers unite their streams in title water,
one hundrecl and forty miles from the Pacific o-
cean and a short distance below the last range of
mountains. From thence to Asia, the naviga-
tion would be easy and direct, the distance not
great, and the seat so peaceable as its name indi-
cates, that no more mariners would be wanting
to conducta ship, than hands enough to set the
sails at the out set of the voyage, and take them
down at its termination.
(the confluence of the rivers) would come the
commerce, at present chiefly in furs, ofthe whole
upper country drained by the Multuonuth and
the Columbia; a region embracing fourteen de-
grees of longitude and sixteen or eighteen of lat-
itudo, larger than all the Atlantic states put to.
‘ ossessinp; a climate as mild as that
An establishment formed at that
place would doubtless receive many emigrants
from Asia. The English induced even the Chi-
nese to go to .Pv'ooz.’<.~., when they began to settle
on that sound in 1784-5. Sixty or seventy Chi-
nese removed there, but was afterwards captured
and czu-ried off back b * orders of the Viceroy of
Mexico, as intruders ‘gun the Spanish dominion.
\‘.7h-atevcr may be the result of the Virginia
company, the -progress of the fur trade itself."
will form a town at the point indicated. Itstrade
may at first be limited to furs; but in process of
time it will become the emporium of that rich
East India commerce, which is destined to find
Its way into the valley of the l\’li'ssissippi, by the
Columbia and Missouri rivers. And when this
time arrivtzs, a new 'l".'ItF. will be seen in the
~ -.- '. ' 5 =‘ . old, and ttlrliottgh ‘Queen 0:’
- eoished but a faint image of
gether, and p
of Europe.
\V)£I'.‘
3. A3.
J‘ue- ruuey of the .’l1z'.s‘sis.sv'/ii, accordingto Mel-
ish, contains one million ll\(.’. hundred thousand
square miles.
The Roman empire, accordingtto Gibbon, con-
tainetl in the time of Augustus Cesar, one mill-
ion six hundred thousand.
That proud empire was then in the zenith of
her power and splendor, and vainly supposed to
have embraced the world within its limits; yet
was bttt very littlelarger than the valley which is
drained by the waters of the Mississippi.
But the dominion of the American republic is
not limited to !,500,000 square miles. The val-
ley which exl:ibi.ts that magnificent area, is only
a part of her empire ; which also embraces two
appcndant slopes, or borders, one to the east,
where the old thirtmn United States are situated,
' t . - ":.: ti: .. .vest, where the bank of the
’- omah, arid the shores of the
“,.'li.'-i-’ . uzt .,
- .n--‘V. the cultivating hand of
India merchant. I
These slopes or borders. being counted in with
the valley, will make the American republic near
double the size of the Roman empire ; and eve-
ry man will see that she will be more
in proportion to her superior size, on account cf
her middle position betweeti Europe and Asia,
her compact form, and l1ernatural- union and in-
divisibility of all her parts. ‘ "
In time North-America will probably shewbut
two powers--
1. The American Republic.
‘2. The Republic of Mexico.
The limits of the first will naturally be,
To the east and west of the two oceans.
To the north, a line w‘hi-ch shall cover the Co-
lumbia, theheads of the Missouri’ and Mississip-
pi, the Lakes, and take in so much of the Cana-
das as may be worth possessing, ,
And to the south, a line through the Cnlph‘ of
I‘vfexi‘eo, leating the island of Cuba to the tight.
and crossing the continent westwardly by leaving
' the Rio rande del Norte "and the Buenevcntura
8‘ 2
to the tiigltt. ~ ,
The Mexican republic, of course, will occupy
the balanre of North America south to the isth-
. mus of Darien.
There will still remain independent “of the re.-
publics, and unoccupied by any civilized power,
about one half of North America, viz: the large
region between the Arctic circle and the republic
of the United States, a space of 1.200 miles from
north to south, and 3000 from east-to west. The
0 do with this great region ?
The answer-—let it
These people have certainly a right to some
resting place on the land of their fatlteyrs; and
the region proposed, though not (lesirableto us,
is greatly so to them. That interior part of North
America is said by .ll{‘I{£’7IZz'c to be finely adapted
to the savage life, abounding witlr wild animals,
with lakes full of fish, znul covered with fowls:
the cold by no means equal to what its liigzli lati-
tude would indicate to vulgar apprehension ;. the y,
d the heavens gi.v- .
ry, an
atmosphere generally d
h but little rain and: snow ;
ingt much sunshine, wit
in :1 word, li_e,ving a cli
than the corresponding
coast, and in all respects, except want 0
a preferable country to tlie'New-Et1t;land.- states.
No doubt the abot-igtnees, or as many of them as
latitude on the Atlantic
"are unwilling to‘mingle- with the whites, would
‘be glad to compound for their future repose, and
the preservation'of their species, by agreeing to
this division. _ . V »
_-St. Louis, -(iliissozu-5 ferrite?-y,) is inlat. 85=de-
rees 25 minutes north1;- and in longitude 13 de-
g,»;rees west from ‘Washington city. It lies under
fire confluence of the Missouri, Mississippi and
the Illinois, and near the centre of the valley of
the ‘Mississippi ;
. inure
To the same point also -
gloring genius of the East- .
powerful .
be given to the Aborigines. ‘
mate ten degrees milder .
f sea-ports", _
and combines in its position
advantages,‘ commercial and'political,~ than
any ’otltcr"spot'on the face of the "globe?
Look at-"your Jl-Ya/zs.——-'l'hefollowing article from
a Pittsburgh paper, points out a course of inter-
nal communication hitherto but little noticed. it
will be seen that the head waters of two fine xiv-
ers are only about one mile distarit‘,v and thus af-
ford a water communication betwéeti Lake Mich-
ig-an and the Mississippi. a great distance north
of the Illinois river. The time may come when
this route will be of great importar.ce.
,“ '1‘/ac 'U..S. regiment qf Irg/Zmtry is to em-
bark at Detroit for Green Bay, thence ascend the
Fox River in Batteaux to the portage—when the
boats will be drawn across the portage [about one
mile] and the troops re-embark on the Ouiscon-
sin, descend to its mouth, and thence ascend the
Mississippi to the St. Pr.-ter’s river.”
From Ilzc ./Varional Intelligcncer, Ilfuy 25.
The Boston Ccntinel has thrown out some
hints respecting the Treaty recently concluded
with Spain, butnot yet ratified; which, as they
are in part apparently founded on suggestions
made in this paper, it may be proper to notice.
1. It is hinted that the Cabinet (that is, the
ecutive)»ha\'e hopes that the treaty will not be
ratified by the King of Spain. This we_ have
rea:~.o'n to believe, is a great error. The eyes of
thengoverntnent were open, when they made the
'l‘reaty,to all the circumstances connected with
it ; and, had every foot of soil been granted
by Spain, the treaty would yet havebeen a valu-
able one. It was the sovereignty of the territo-
ry and its appendant advantages, that was neces-
sary to us, and not the land of which, even if it
were of the best quality, the government has al-
ready 2: fund sufficiently great for its wants, if not
for its wishes. -
2. As to the fact, that vast grants of land in
Florida have been made by Spain, beyond the cal-
culations of our government, we believe that the
Editor of the Lit-ntinel has been misinformed as
to the particulars, though not for wide o.f the gen-
eral fact. It is true, we believe, that ‘enormous
nominal grants have been made, many of them
to American merchants and speculators. But,’
it is also true, that nearly all those grants are
utterly void. Of how much validity they are,
may be inferred from the fact that some of them
are laid on territoty (formerly part of Louisiana)
which has been occupied by the U. States many
years, has been for some time included within a
territorial government, and will soon become part
of a sovereign state. .
3. As to the conferences between Mr. Onis and
Mr. Secretary Adams, the import of which is so
confidently announced, and the nature or des-
patches alledged to ha .'e been transmitted t-if
Spain we cannot speak with any certainty, having
no knowledge ; but we are under the impression
error on these points. as on the others.
Finally, when we spoke of some ‘ very respec-
the treaty, we referred to individuals in the tits"-
tern country, whose views have been disclosed in
the western papers, and not toanv persons in any
manner connected with the government. I
|
From the Norfolk Herald.
The following facts we believe are unknown
in this country ; their authenticity, however, is
not to be (loubtetl ;—-At the capture of Gen. Mi-
na near Mexico, about 75 of our countrymen
were taken prisoners, of whom were Lieut. Lar-
kin, of Virginia, and Lieut. Hutchinson. The
fate of Mina is well known, though the Patriot
General, second in command, of'f’et'ecl 42 Span;
ish commissioned" officers, then in his power for
‘ ll,’ said Apadoca, the Vice Ray of
“thousand to give in ex-
Cen. Mina.’
Colonels.
Mexico,‘ you had forty
change, I \\'()t]l(l TiOf S['l{ll‘<_§
. accotdingly_shot—-and ’
‘ officers in retaliation. In the progress of_ :11;
fit of vengeance our two coutitrymen. Lark-in an
Hutchinson, werej formally and‘ publicly shat»;
the rest were confined in adatnp and dismal dfun.
.geon,.to which the black hole of‘Calcutta would
have been comfortable ;
-a few days of pestilential oi.-rl-—-.tlie retttaind¢_p
I
2l~')l1g.i'.l]
sent to
bury; they are beli‘erecl« to bethe sole survivors
of the whole party! Yet the Minister of His
Catliolic M‘a_i.esty the ef’f't'ontery to talk about
‘the ‘ profound indignation" of "his master, at the
of C_ongres's con
individuals I
’ - . 4_ NE_w-Yorl</is May 26.
Capt. W'i‘lliarns,_ from
patches for government, from tlie American
za, has arrived in the Seine, w'ith"d'espatche's for
the Spanish minister at V‘Vaslnn'gton. Capt. W’.
at Cadiz‘ destined for South America. The
oected-to be ready before September.
account, whicli was handed to him by Mr. Tunis,
Amer ican consul at Cadiz, of the recent unpleas-
_ant affair at Gibraltar. ‘
the Erie sloop. of war, and the officers of the
British 64th regimcnt,in consequence,it was said,
of on'e_of the latter havinginsultetl the captain of
an American merchant vessel, and refused to
mt-et‘hi.m oiraccount of their difference of-rank.
-The circumstances procluceddisagreeable results
but the Governor "of Gibraltar hadinterfered and
put a stop to further meetings. It appears the
parser of the Erie, and Capt. Johnson _of the
British 64th regiment fired four shots each ;;.two
balls were put through Captain .lohns_on’s”liat,
that the Editor of the Centincl has been led into‘
table citizens’ who would rejoice in the f°.ilure__of'
l\’lina"s release‘, amongst whom were two Lieutir,
He was;
so were the 42 Spanish
fl-Q ges by t
of these, 45 per.ishcd "in g
were trans-ported to a.notl-‘.erdungeon only to 1,,-(:,‘,-
eir sufferings, ofhwhom 4 were allCl‘\\’:1l‘(lS _
Spain. and-‘ are now on-' the coast of Bar.
execution of Arbnthnot and Ambrister! And
yet our own newspapers, yea, our very members
ld find no parallel to Gen. Jack- ,
son’s cruelty in taking away the lives-of these‘ twoi
Catliz, has brought (leg.
minister at Madrid ;~ and a messenger,‘ Mr. Suem‘
informs that about 15,000‘ troops were assembled
rt-and expedition for Buenos Ayres was not ex-'
(_‘.apt.- Williams has favored us with a correct"
A- dispute took place between the officers of
and at the last fire he was wounded slightly iii the
gfilllgh, when they left the ground.-_-Dr.‘Montgom-
¢f3’_a of the Erie, afterwards called out captain
'1-“PP: also of the 64th regiment ; the latter was
wounded at the first fire, it was feared danger-
ously.
'Aug0slura, which he left on'the Sd inst. informs
that Mr. lrvinc, the U. States agent had left there
on his return to the U..States, via St. Thomas.
Bolivar was on the right bank of the Arauca
with about 4000 men including a division of
900 Englishmen—t\'lorillo was on the opposite
side with 6000. A brilliant affair took place on
the nth of April between the cavalry of the pat-
riot Gen. Paez, and a part of Morillo’s force, in
which the royalists lost 500 men.
The Editor of the Delaware Vi/atchman has
received a letter from Monte Video of the 6th
March, by which it appears _that1_Gen. Artegas
has prohibited the curing of jerked beef, and al-
lows no cattle to be killed but for the consump-
tion of the inhabitants—_so that but few hides and
little tallow can be brought to market. His troops
are without clothes or money——and are in want
ofarms and ammunition--and the population de-
creases. The Portuguese however can do noth-
ing against him. .,
It further appears that the people of Santa Fee
have revolted from the Buenos Ayreans, and
' have nearly cut off all communication between
Buenos Ayres and the country. There were in3
dications of a revolution at Buenos Ayres, which
it was thought would terminate in aunion with
Artcgas,—.Ca[. Register.
_.....
BAL'l‘IMOR£, May 28.
The Circuit Court of the United States ad-
journed yesterday. The Grand: Jury during their
session found bills of indictment against 62 men
for piracy, supposed to have been committed on
board the brig La Irresistable ; these persons
composed the majority of the crew of that ves-
sel. The commander, John F. Ferguson, and
twelve of the crew have been arrested, and are
now imprisoned in the gaol of Baltimore county ;
their causes having been continued by themselves
upon affidavits, stating that there was material
testimony absent, without the benefit of which
they could not proceed to trial. ..
"QUEBEC, May 7.
Last evening a huge mass of rock detached it-
and burying under its fragments a number of
pieces of cannon and gun carriages.
Lounotv, April 10.
Nu,"-erous emigrations are now taking place
from _ "e. chiefly for the United States;
,but' " - ' “.“"hl)et‘ have also recently
yjgon V . . :J‘..'!hVOl.l1c!‘S are pre-
"ll“1rm,.- _ . — w‘ 3*." of these
".ex'patriations— ._-. 2 .- .-. ~ 1. s at-
luded to, being not .;..:. =_=n.- ...-t poor
distressed artisans, who ‘are in’. ,r_‘ A " and
employment, but chiefly of persons , ,ssed
of property, sufiicient to render them comforta-
blc in their own country. I
The London newspapers advertise no less than
fifteen shi/zs to take out passengers to America,
whose tonnage amounts to _cig7zt thousand two
/zunclrcd tons ; and the Belfast papers nearly as
many more. By the returns of the latter portit
appears that about eleven thousand persons emi-
grated to. America from thence last season, a-
mongst whom were upwards of seven hundred
fa mz'[z'c.9. . ‘
Parli'a-t'nent adjourned‘ on the 8th
for tnight.
' News from Malta states, that from the 7th to
the foth ult. a -terrible tempest ravaged that isl-
and. .V;§-l'i0\JS ships in thelprincipal ports, were
ttpse_t;”la“d’il the vesselswhic lwere at a. certain dis-
tatiiiiyégd-fi*om the coast, disap eared. The dama-
his gale are estimated at two mil-
‘. _ . . _. . _ ;
fie: hog. g
~- -1:. '9:
April, for a
- ‘Hausa-. or Rnmtt-:s
Tuesday, Ma _
A-bill was presented authgkising His Excel-
lency the Governor, to proctlre tr pair of pistols
' be minufactuied in this
with "suitable devices, to
- state-—-and by him to be prese ted to Corntnodore
_Thomas Macdonough, as a trilute of respect and
rratitude which this House el for his eminent
services, in capturing the B'ri'sh fleet on Lake
Champlain during the late war.
Mr. Alsop gave several rea us why the bill
létvas worthy the consideration f the h'ons:: ; the
event to which it alludes, occ 'red at one of’ the
darkest periods in the history f our country...
the conspicuous and noble part the Commodore
bore on that eventful day-—li-is private worth,‘to
which he [Mr. A.] could bear mple testimony,
and the signal services he had r<ndered—seemed
to require at’ least some small‘te.timony of grat-
itude from the Assembly of thi state. The Le-
gislature, he said, had paid’ a 2
respect to: the gallant Commod
a native of this state, and he the
not be unmi=ndful— of the service
l‘i'l5acd‘onougli, - who has become,
among us, an adopted citizen 0
Mt‘. A. p1r‘esum‘ed' that no-‘ meml
would withhold the tribute of a
passed unanimously.
The committee appointed. by
sembly, to examine into the st:
prison, gavein their repot't'.5" {'1-‘l committee are
in favor of an amelioration in ie_“c'ondition of
the prisoners-—to av classificationf them accord-
ing to their gt'adations_~ih»crime and to a sepa-
ration of the young ‘anc_l‘l‘ess- off ding criminals
from those‘ who tarehardened a d confirmed in
vi-llainy. The committee propo a total change
in the employments‘ of the pris ers, and state,
that a large proportion-§o£_,_tlie ir and‘ coal pro-
re Hall, who is
ight they would
of Commodore
y his residence
Connecticut.—-
er of the House
vote. The bill
be General? As-
.e of New-Gate
From .r1ugostura.—-A gentleman direct from
self from Cape Diamond, and fell into Champlain"
street, choaking up the avenue of about 20 yards, .
a
‘Asess taxable property at- its cash value, and to pi
milar tribute of .
I
+-- ‘
f1‘]”'f‘tlhf°”‘l‘° _Drts‘on is destroyed‘wilfully ; and
fan ,'e‘state,is thereby subjected to an cxpence
0 ..eveial thousand dollars a year. They also‘
recommend that one or two.-new buildings be d-»,
rectcd 1n'order_that a part of the prisoners may ,
be lodged at night abovegx-ound,
Was Ordered to lie on the table.
[B’ut little important business was transacted
the '“""“‘“E’“' Ofthls .‘laY’and the whole of W’ed-
nesdar-; '1 be but fonextending the jurisdiction‘
of ._lusttces of the Peace, and providing for trial-
by jury before them, was brought up and negati-
Vcd-. Most of VVednesday.‘was occupied by-a~
public hearing relative to the location of a court-
honse in Wind‘ham county.] ’ ~
_ 1'/‘“"‘d0l/a May 2o..~_Atter a little ordinary bu-
5_1“€S5: the report of the committee on the peti-
tions of the towns of Thompson, VVoodstock 5;‘;
Praying for the removal of the public buildln’ in’
the town of Vi/indham, to a more central . 38 f
the county was taken up; and aftera -0:5”: 0
of debate, it was decided, 96 to 57 trig 1' ca!
them to Brooklyn. ’ cmove
vfhe bill in form, which provided for the ,. 1,
of that law which autlzot-izes an appeal f--onepfia
decisions of the Justices of the Peace, to the clot.)-ve.
ty nourt in cases of civil process, was taken u M‘
'1 he principal argument that was urged b lhp:
who were in favor of the bill, was that rryiakfse
an appeal to a Justice final, would save ex (,1 ng
and diminish the inducements to litiry;,,io,,p me’
On the other hand it was urged, that tilt; r’ h
of appeals was the great security against wig E
gorrect decision—that the liability to have lhiziir
‘ _ _ g e Justices to make themselves
acquainted with the law, and arrive at the utmost
correctness in forming their decisions in tn’ -c
-power-'-—that the correctness of decisioiis wit 6“
tributable to this cause;-and that decisions slmcl
been so correct for many years past, as almosfzi
prevent appeals entirely. Bill passed 72 to 55 0
The following appointments were made .
Thursday, Friday and Saturday. ’ on
Probate Judges,
District of New-Haven, Isaac Mills.
District of ‘Waterbury, Joshua Kingsbur
District‘ of Middletown, A. Miller.’ Y’
District of Guilford, Benjamin Page.
District of VVallingford, Rufus Hitchcock
District of Stonington, VVm. \Villiams. .-
District of Stafford, Sylvester Gilbert,
District of Danbury, Daniel’B. Cook.
_District of Norwalk, VVm. M. Buns,
District of Stamford, Simeon H. Miner,
District of New-Milford, David S. Bo-.:rdma'q I
Judges of the County Cour; ‘D "
Fairfield county, Robert'Faiichild-—S.fcnhcn. if
VVl=ieeler and Zalrnon W il-tlman,‘ jvus-ticesfofi-(lug;
rum. ,
Windhatn County, David Belles. )
Litchfie-ld county, Augustus Pettibom-—lMau‘7-.’
tin Strong and John VVelch, justices of qu rum:
Middlesex county, Joshua Stow 5.-ad JoeP1at_p,_,_
Justices of quorum-
New-London v: “ . l
Hyde, justiéres <..
Controller Qf.P’,.''‘.'':' .: 4
_ Snturday morn: V ine pt:ti'tin 09"
the tfrustees of the «Connecticut Asylum fe :5.-
Deafand D‘umb,praying.for permission to cl lltr;
the name ofthe Institution. to that of The
ican Asylum for the education and inst: uctin
_the Deaf and Dumb, was granted, and a bi} in
form passed thereon. '3
The remainder of the forenoon was talteftu-~
with ‘ordinary business--=And.t'he House :iclj,.,‘§,.l:,
ed to Monday morning. '0 I t\' ~
- 1
Biron: oua conRn'sro:~:om§"r. l,
H.-zrtford, T/zmxvday ev:;7.'i.'1g', [Jay
_ The committee on taxation yesterday repoip
ed ; lllt.‘,‘pl'iflCipi6 of the plan-appears tube to
r‘
;..:I 4,‘,-:-
a--
ti certain per c'ent-age of this value in the list.-l
I‘he_f6llowing rates at which property will go i
;the list will give you-some idea of the system.
Dwelling-houses to go at 5 per cent on their ae-
tual__ cash value. Lands and separate lots at 4.l
"per cent ; Mills, Distillcries, Stores, Ste. at 4- peel
cent ;,_Horses at 8. per cent on their real value ; ,
_Neat Cattle at 6 per cent": Coaches, lilm-tons,‘
&c. at 15‘ per cent :» Clocks, \Vatch-es, silver
Plate, at 10' per cent’ on their income : Poll tax at
S40._ 1' he rates at which [)l'()pert'y ,,-iu..go 3,,
the list according to this plan, are made to de.
"pend very muchupon the productiveness of the
‘property, except in the cases of articles of 1,1,‘.
ury, such as coaches, carriages, plea‘su.:;-3 1,0,5“,
-&c.—which are rated much higher than apticlcg
of necessity. The bill has been under discus-
sion thisafternoon, but it is impossible yet to say
jwhat will be its fate. It is generally admitted to
be the most equitable s_vs'tem that has been. ore.-
gsentcd. ‘ ' ‘
A bill for a- public’ act", introduced by Mr. Hin.
man, to prevent the‘ disinterment of the dead
passed yesterday after con'sid'erable debate. Th;
punishment, directed by [hi-'s~,(1C[-luli¢i,,fiicwd
on such as remove the bodies of deceased per.
sons, for the purposes of dissection, is fine, im,
prisonment, sittizzg in the stocks, and disfutuchise.
ment. _
A bill for a public act relative to writs ofat
tachment was introduced this morninrr,
A bill to raise a committee to take into cnn.sid.~
eration the laws of N::»w-York relative to steam.
boat ruavigation was passed. ' '
boats, which excited a good ‘deal of discussion in,
are Hottse, has 't’ieen continued to the neztt Gen.
eral ‘Assembly, with an order of notice. _
Most of the county bills are disposed of, and
the session will propably be brought to _a close
by the middle of next week. All‘ the ‘sliieii-1'fi‘5,
have been appointed except for Tollancl County.
The following sheriffs have been appointed this
week, viz. . ' I ' '
N oalz .x1.'P/ac.’/ls, for Hartfortl county. V ‘
Sim:-on‘ Smi-11>, for New-London» county,
Jflrlmund 1",ree1na.n-,. for VVinelham county.
llifoses Sr.-ymour, _i.r. for Litchfied county.’
, Col. 11?:-gistcr
c
The report , ,
\
The petition _of .l. L. t~Ltt‘llitan.rela:ive to steam ’ . '
Norwalk Chronicler