Cessful; -for, according to‘Sir Robert Wilson, it
was 600,000 strong a year since ; and gentlemen
of high respectability in Petersburgh told me
the calculation was too low for that time, and the
additions since made give him an army of 800,
Ooostrong. The Emperor is generally consid-
ered very correct in his moral character, and is
attentive to the religious instructions of the cm-
pire, over which he has unlimited control. One
very amiable and prominent feature in his ecc e-
siastical government, is religious toleration. You
will see, in the same street, perhaps, half a doc-
en churches for different denominations, the fol-
lowers of which are as much respected as those
of the Greek church. His mother, the wife of
Emperor Paul, is very much esteemed for her
private character, and particularly for deeds of
charity. The present Empress is exceedingly
beloved, and pronounced at tnost perfect model
for a female character. They have several small
children, said to be very promising. The Ern-
’peror’s brother, the Grand Duke Constantine.
tliffers from him very much in several points of
his character, and is said to inherit much of the
temper and disposition ofbis grandmother, Cath-
erine II._ I am, however, tiring your patience
with particulars you are already acquainted with-
Should you ask me what authors have been most
faithful in their descriptions of Russia and of Pe-
tersbnrgh, I should speak in favor of Sir Ro':‘«:rt
W'ilson’s Sketches, Ker Porter's Travels in Plus-
sia, and Storks’ Picture of St. I-’etershurgh.—
Clarke wrote when in an ill humor, as be since
confessed. He and the author of ‘ Secret mir-
;m0irs of the Court of St. Pctersbttrg/2,’ are about
as much entitled to credit as Ashe is in his de-
scription of America. Carr's Northern Sum-
mer, and Johnson’s Tour, are worth reading.-—.
\Ve are waiting for a fair wind to proceed to the
.VIcditcrranean; and as we shall probztbly stop
at lingland, this letlct‘ with a‘formcr one will be
sent from there to ‘.Vashington.
L7:/z'tc(l -S'tatr-.ef2'igu.tc Gttcrricre,
off C.'ujz.~: Trq/Ezlgur, ./\"-av. 5, l8l8. E
My two last letters contained come general re-
marks on Petersburgh-—in this I will speak of
its monuments and edifices. The equestrian
statue of Peter the Great is already familiar to
you, since no traveller has omitted 21 decription
of it. But their accounts have bordered on by-
perbole, insomuch that its majesty fell far short
of my expectations. The next objects in order
of magnificence, may be mentioned the palaces
of the Imperial family, of which, there are sev-
en or eight in the city and environs. Exceptiug
the one built by Peter the Great, when he com-
‘ menced the foundations of Petersburgh, and
which contains very few rooms, the number of
apartments in each averages between two and
three hundred. Three or four of the palaces are
much more splendid than any I saw in Italy.-
In the hermitage, a sort of appendage to the win-
ter or court palace, in which the Imperial family
retreat from court, bustle, and parade, I counted
between twenty and thirty apartments of paint-
ings by the first artists of Europe. Besides
these, there are statues, mineralogical cabinets,
antiques, 8<c. Stc. together with nearly all the
presentsin jewelry and trinkets from the differ-
ent If.\lI‘O[)€'c1ll and Asiatic sovereigns to the dif-
ferent Russian monarchs for more than a centu-
ry. A description of them would fill a large
volume. . One, however, I think worthy of no-
tice, not more from its”ridicnlous extravagance,
than for its striking display of the genius of the
donor. It is a gold peacock, fowl, frog, and grass-
hopper, as large as life, and so connected with
machinery as to exhibit the gestures of those an-
iymals on ordinary occasions.
The churches, next in splendor, and first to
one who views the city from adistance, are about
forty-five in number. Their towering (lomes
and lofty spires overlooking all other edifices, are
covered with plates of copper overlaid with du-
cat gold. Their interior is equally rich and
splendid. In the church of St. Alexander News-
ky, the protecting saint of the empire, are de-
posited his relics ; over which has been erected
a shrine containing 3600 lbs. weight of silver.-—
And the Casan church, built by the present Em-
peror, and intended as a rival of St. Petet’s, of
Rome, is furnished still more expensively. In
these two are the remains of Suwarrofi‘ and Ku-
tusoff, over which lighted tapers are perpetually
burning. From the walls of the churches are
suspended the standards taken from France, Tur-
key, and Persia, by the ‘Russian army, and the
keys of many fortresses and cities.
The hospitals, custom house, admiralty and
arsenal, are well worth a particular desctption,
as are also the museums, theatres, academies of"
arts and sciences, colleges, &c. for their magnif-
icence corresponds with that of the other objects
I have mentioned. But I have only ‘room here
for a short description of the Emperor’s library.
Catharine commenced this in ’95. Her armies
in Poland captured the city of Varsovins, in
. which was a library belonging to the Republic, of
262,640 volumns, and 24,573 maps and stamps or
prints. The Empress ordered them to be trans-
ported to Petersburgh, and they are now depos-
ited in an immense building erected for that pur-
pose by Alexander. The books are classed ac-
cording as they relate, lst to the arts, 2dly‘ to
sciences, and, Sdly pbilology, or belles-letters,
and each class is subdivided into orders, Szc. by
which, there is no need of referring to the gen-
eral catalogue when any”paI'tictrlat‘ hook is want-
ed. In 1805, the library of a Mr. Daubroussky
was added, which, for manuscripts, ancient and
rare, is perhaps unparalleled in Europe. Many
of them are l2 or l3- centuries old: and among
modern ones. are original letters of Phillip and
Tsabglla of Spain, upon the discovery of Amer-
ica. I do not despair ofobtaining copies of these
for some ofour histo.rical societies.‘ They were _
found in the Bastile of France. with the letters
of a-‘great many other monarchs tothe Kings of
France. Mr. I). being Ambassador to France
at that time, tnadea vast collection of them from
the rubble who took the B-astile. The library is
conducted by a director general, seven librarians,
and seven adjunct do. one-guardian of manu-
scripts, anti one assistztht. By order of the em-
peror. a copy of every book published in the em-
pire is deposited here. In the report of I817,
there were, besides duplicates of books. and be-
sides pamplets, 300,000 volumes and 13,000
manuscripts.
-—---um-2::-4,4133%-:1’.-diva--—-.
Toleration Ticket.
At a numerous meeting of the friends of tol-
eration and equal rights from different parts of
the State, convened at New Haven in Octrnbm‘
last: it was resolved to support. the following
gentlemen for the offices respectively affixed to
their names, at the election to be holder: on the
first Monday of April next, ant-3 respectfully to
recommend them to the Iilectors for their sup-
port--vizc. '
Oliver \Volcott,
FOR GO VE RJVOR.
J on athan Ingersoll,
FOR LIE U7’. GOVERJVOR.
ISA AC SP EN CE R,‘_/br Trc-a.s'tn't-T.
THO MA S DAY, for Secretary.
AND FOR SENA TORS,
JONA'1'HAN BRACE, Hartford
SYLV ESTER _V 'ELLS, County. '
WILLIAM BRISTOL, New-Hatmz
DAVID TOt"\’lLIl\"SON,2 Cotmfgj.
ELIAS PE RK l N S, Q Nciv-Lomlon
ENOCH BU RROIVS, County.
DAVID HI LL, F airfield C-'omtl,y.
P ET E R VVE B B, Windham Cozmly.
FREDERICK WOLCO'I‘T,€ Litchficld
ELIJAH BOARDMAN, County.
JOSHUA STOW. Zlfirlvllcsms fiounty.
JOHN S. PETERS, Tollaml County.
It will be observed that the candidates for the
Senate, are selected from the several counties in
the State—-andthat ten of them now hold the of-
fice of Assistants by the suffrages of the free-
men at the last spring election.
The following address was ado/ztcd and director!
to be fiublis-/ted with I/zejbrvgoing Ticket.
To "run ELECTORS or Comu-:cTtcUT.
Fellow Cz'zz'zen.s--—Un(ler the wise and mild ad-
ministration of our Excellent Chief Magistrate,
directed by the smiles of Heaven,y'ou have arri-
ved at an auspicious period in the history of our
State. The recent adoption of a written Consti-
tution at once the delight and the safety of the
people, evincing the force of social principles,
and the necessity of Government to maintain and
perpetuate them crowned your sincere and dili-
gent exertions. Amongst the last of the States,
to be engaged in the great work, Connecticut a-
vailed herself of the best counsel, and was aided
in maturing her Su/zrcme Law, by careful reflec-
tions on her own virtuous and useful institutions,
as well as the digested forms, and practical wis-
dom and experience of her sister States. No
frame of Government can more justly claim
your reverence, none is better entitled to the es-
teem of the best Civilians ofour country, which
has been fully bestowed. V
I"ror_n your wisdom it sprung. Both its at-ti--.
cles and its principles were discussed by its l'ra- 5
mers in your presence, and by your hands it was
consecrated to /zostcrity. You are now raised to
an enviable rank, among well regulated commu-
nities. The humblingrecollection of a Royal
Charter, no longer embitters the heart of repub-
lican freemen—nor does the Sfzrcial Grace of a
foreign potentate, any longer pour upon the ear,
the constant din of a dependent and colonial state.
Vigilance and toil have acquired the invaluable
blessing. In itsinception, progress, and maturity,
the -most disengenous and deceitful means to de-
stroy it, have been put in operation incessantly,
and will, incessantly be continued to defeat its
salutary effects. W'ith all the unnatural vigor
of despair, its foes will aim at the government,
which they affect to despise, employ its powers
when obtained, to promote the disaffection of its
friends, and then triumph on its ruins. No re-
proach upon the honorable feelings, no indigni-
ty thrown upon the good sense of the good peo-
ple of the State can be so painful as tbis.-—-
Fraught with equity, liberality, justice, economy
and safety to the civil and t'eligious'rights of ev-
ery citizen, your Constitution demands the es-
teem of all. No considerations should make
you insensible for a moment to the high duty of
its protection. Its provisions should battle the
test of a fair and friendly experiment. This, it
is the duty of every virtuous citizen, of every
admirer of christian and civil liberty to guaran-
tee. 'l.‘o expect such an experiment, from those
who artfully slid into the convention, that they
might destroy the infant in its birth, or strangle
Hercules in his cradle, is to be grossly self-de-
ceived. . A ’
You have nothing to hope, but every thing to
fear, from the rough hand of violence, and the
unseen spirit of fratrd and" deception, which have
alternately invaded your dearest rights. A short
time and tltisexperiment will be made. Your
perseverance will-accomplish the desirable end.
The demon of Faction will be cast out. Those
who have too long annoyed your political repose,
will yield to your wisdom their reluctant appro-
bation, or be laid forever at rest. .
Until this trial of your government shall be
made, the friends of discord will not slumber
not sleep. Their fears will "alarm you-—-their
Syren voices will flatter to seduce you to ruin.
Remember your Constitutiorz is-a common inte-
rest. This interest is sacred. Defend it against
the common foe, and remember forever that it is
the common inherimnce of all your /zosterity. ,-
'\Ve commend to your cordial and independent
support the foregoing Ticket. It may be said
on high authority,that it deserves, for it has re-
ceived already the confidence which you are
pleased to impart to your friends. '
You are invited to give these respectable men
your unvaried support. Let the Election which
approaches, prove to _the world your fidelity to
your government, by you-r resolution to support
)
n
it Dated at Mayagues, Porto Rico, lst Feb. 1819.,‘
its friends. By the hazard of all you hold dear,
let no inaction enthral you, no-cares impede you.
Elect such men as hold the good of the [tea/zle to
be a primary. an indispensible object, who will
contribute their best exertions to reduce the bur-
dens oftaxation and military service, prolong to
you the rights of free election and christian lib-
erty and all the train of blessings which accom-
pany the Cams’.-’itution and its rcia/_/i'zc7zd8.
As Electors of a free goucrnmcnr, attend at
the I’ol!.v. Do your duty there. Let nothing
but duty 2'73/lucncc you; and (hm the Rrjzublic
will be safefor you, and safe for your children.
New-Haven, Oct. 27, l8l8.
_-:—{‘3:5'T—---
NF.w-Yoiut, Feb. 18.
Capt. Smith, arrived at Philadelphia from Ba-
tavia, states, that the pirates were very trouble-
some on the ‘north coast of Java, and in the
, Straits to the eastward--that a few days before‘
he left Batavia, a government schr. broughtin
three prows, (pit-ates)—-they, together with two
others, commenced an attack on her; but she
being of more force than they expected to find
her, sunk two, and captured-the other ‘three.-
lt was reported at Batavia, that fifty of the pi-
rates were to be hung on the 26th October.
" Feb. 29.
I-lorrid trmzsactz'on.——Tbe following is a literal
copy of an anonymous enclosure to a respectable
V‘Vest-India house in this city, received by the
last arrival from Porto Rico.
The A merican brig Agenora, F. E. Dennett,
master, of Kennebunk, bound from the city of
St. Domingo to St. Thomas, laden with mahog-
any, was in the month of November last, cast a-
way. near Cabrox‘o, in the Island of Porto Rico ;
the cargo, however, by the exertions of the cap-
tain, was nearly all saved and conveyed to Ca-
broxo, at which place Capt. Dennett, after he had
settled ‘bis affai-rs, embarked on board a sloop
which be had hired, belonging to that place, man-
ned with three Spaniards, on or about the 18th
January, for the city of St. Domingo—But the
second day after the sailing of the sloop, she re-
turned to port, when the sailors reported that
Capt. Dennet had fallen overboard in a gale of
wind and was lost. Since then, about three days
ago, it has been proved on evidence of one of
the sailors, that the said Capt. Dennett while on
board, had been inhumanly murdered by the ca]:-
tain and crew, who cut his throat, after ,1-vhich he
was thrown into the sea. This inhuman trans-
action, which loudly demands the condign pun-
ishment of the culprits, who have been taken in-
to custody, took place in consequence of their
supposing that Capt.Dennett carried money with
him; when in fact it was known to those Ameri-
cans with whom he had been at Mayagues, a
short. time before his departure, (for the purpose
of shipping a small balance in his hands to those
persons who owned his vessel, via Baltimore,)
that he had no more money with him than was
sufficient to defray the expences of his intended
voyage, and was then going to St‘. Domingo for
the express purpose of receiving the proceeds
of a cargo which be had sold there previous to
his taking on board his brig the cargo of mahog-
any at St. Thomas.
Feb. 20. A
Capt. Mills from Laguira, informs that it was
believed an important action had taken place be-
tween the Spanish troops under Morillo, and the
Patriot forces commanded by Bolivar. Advices
were received early in January from Morillo
which were not made public, but which caused
agreat despondency with the royalists. Imme-
diately after the receipt of the despatches, an or-
der was issued to all the Spanish vessels in port,
about 20 in number, to furnish a part of their
crews for a guard to patrol the town, and they
were kept on duty every night till Capt. M. sailed.
-—-at--.:t--1»...
From the .’V‘c=w- York Daily ./itlvcrtlser.
We have made it our practice, generally, to
omit al_l notice of the transactions among ‘ mm
of honor,’ which are dignified by the title of ‘ af-
fairs of honor,’ having long since been convinced,
that the idea of being talked about as brave and
honorable spirits, has no inconsiderable influence
in inducing duellists to persist in the practice of
destroying each other’s lives. The late instance
of this mode of committing murder, however,
which has occurred in the neighborhood of the
seat of government, was attended with such ex-
traordinary circumstances, that we deemed it
proper to depart from our customary course of
conduct, and give it to our readers.
VVe are not disposed, notwithstanding the atro-
city of the transaction to attempt, by any remarks
ofours, to arrest the progress ofduelling. There
is a madness in the human mind on the subject,
which nothing short of the remedies adopted in
the asylums of lunacy would be efficacious in
curing. It has been found, in cases too numer-
ous to be counted, that no ties of affection, no
considerations of parental or filial obligations, no
remonstrances of duty, no stings of conscience,
no apprehensions of justice, no fears of future
reprobation and misery, have the least effect in
restraining the passions, or slacking the thirst for
vengeance, in the heart of‘ a man of/zonor.’ We
understand that one at least one of the parties, in
the instance under consideration, has left an ami-
able wife, to whom he has been married but a
few years, and whose life tnust be buried in the
depths of the most pungant and overwhelming
anguish and sorrow, at the untimely and volun-
tary sacrifice of her husband’s life. This state
of things, as it regartledber condition, could not
bttt be presented, in all its glowing color, to his
mind, because the very mode of fighting preclu-
ded almost every chance of escape from destruc-
'tion. But it was of no avail when placed in op-
position to ‘ the calls oj'lz'onor’—and the result is
written in blood, in bitterness, and in woe, upon
the hea~rt,of her whose happiness it was his duty
to consult, enlarge and perpetuatc——\vho had a
call inconceivably stronger upon his ‘ honor,’ than
could exist in any other case.
\Vhen the laws of God and man against this
lninor,’ shall cxpiate his crime" at the
then, and not till then, will justice be avenged,‘
and this species of murder cease from amongst‘
us——then, and probably not till then, willtneti
hesitate at punishing insults and offences, by the-
use of rifles at distance of six jzaccs from each other:
The late Ilfurrler.-—The following statement of
facts in relation to this atrocious deed, is copied’
from the National Intelligence-r.. it appears to
have been drawn up for the public eye by the twd
men, who, under the guise of friendship for Gen.
Mason, were aide-rs and abettors in the crime’
which terminated his life. A stronger exhibition‘
ofthe unrestrained malignity oftbe human heart,
than the one here developed, we have rarely wit-4‘
nessed.——Sfzectazor. ' '
Reports being in circulation calculated to in.
duce a belief that the gentlemen who were’the'
friends of Gen. A.'T. Mason, in the fataltermi-j
nation of his quarrel with Mr. McCarty, had?
been instrumental in urging the affair to its on-"
fortunate issue-—'-it is thought proper to publish a
simple statement of facts ; premising, that nof.
‘even the nearest relatives of the deceased can
more sincerely regret, than do those gentlemen,
the determination of Gen. Mason to prosecute‘
this business to its ultimate result.
1. It is well known to a number of Gen. Ma-
son's friends, that he had resolved onichallenging
Mr. McCarty, in opposition to all the advice:
which they gave, and all the efforts which they
made to dissuade him.
2. One of the gentlemen who were the friends‘
of Gen. Mason in the field, had, sometime be-
fore, made similar exertions to dissuade him‘
from the course he intended, and with similar’
had success.
3. Before a personal interview had taken
-place between Gen. Mason and his seconds, his
letter, containing positive instructions for their
government, in conducting the affair, was writ-
ten. This -letter enclosed a communication for
Mr. McCarty..
The letter to Mr. McCarty not having been
sary to give such extracts from it as show clear-
ly that tbe'determination of Gen. Mason was
made independently of any consultation‘ with
his seconds. This letter is dated ‘ Richmond,
Jan. 9, l8l9.’ ''
The following are extracts from it.
‘ Sir : I have resigned my commission for the
special and sole purpose of fighting you : and
am now free to accept or send a challenge and to
fight a duel. The public mind has become tran-
quil, and all suspicion of the further prosecution
of our quarrel having subsided, we can now ter--
minate it without being arrested by the civil au-
thority, and without exciting alarm among our
friends.’
‘ This effort has been delayed by my anxiety
to effect such an arrangement of my affairs as
my duty to my fa‘mily required. That arrange-
ment is just effected.’
’ My friends ' "* and 4* * are fully authorized
to act for me in every particular. Upon receiv-
ing from you a pledge to fight, they are jautlfdri-.
',_zed and instructed at once to give the chal_lenge- ‘
.-for me, and to make immediately every necessa.
ry arrangement for the duel on any terms which
you may prescribe.’
The following are extracts from the letter of
instructions which is dated, ‘ Richmond, January‘
9, l8l9.’ . ‘
‘ Gentlemen: _You -will present the enclosed
communication to Mr. John lV'lcCart_v, and tell‘
him at once that you are authorized by"rne to-.
challenge him, in the event of his pledging him-
self to light. If he will give the pledge, then I
desire that you will instantly challenge him, in.
authorized to give a verbal challenge. it must
be reduced to writing. Agree to any terms he-
may propose, and to any distance ; to three feet,
his pretended favorite distance, or to three itiches
should his impetuous and rash courage prefer’
ll. --— 4
‘ To any species of fire arms, pistols,muskets,_
or rifles, agree at once.’--—
Otber incorrect rt-ports being currentrc-spect-
ing the interviews and communications between
the respective friends of Gen. Mason and Mr.
McCarty, it is thought proper to state:
lst. That, on presenting the challenge, two
modes of terminating the affair were proposed
powder ;’ and 2dly, to fight with dirks; bothof
which were objected to, as not according with
established usages, as being without example,
and as calculated to establish a dangerous prece-
dent
2d. That a third mode was proposed in the
following written acceptance of the challenge ;.
which the seconds of Gen. Mason were bound to
accede to, both from the positive ll"tsll‘llClin.“ts ot’
their principal, and from the laws which govern
the settlement of disputes in the field of honor.-
‘Gentlemen, I agree to meet and fight your‘
friend, Gen. A. T. Mason, to-morrow evening,-
five o’clock, at Montgomery Court-l‘l\ou'se. As
Iam at liberty to select the weapon with which: E.
am to fight, I beg leave to_ propose‘ a muslte'e.
charged with buclyshot, and at the distancebf
ten feet.
Feb. 4, J. l\'f.~McCAR'l"Sr.'
l8‘r‘9.
Gena Mason, and agreed to by the friends of
Mr. McCarty, to sttbstitute a single ball for buck-
shot. ' '
4‘-th. That it was agreed by the friends of
o'clock on Saturday morning——and that on the-
grouud, the distance measured exceeded twelve.‘
feet. , A
It now only remains to state, that all the ‘re-
ports respecting the indecorous department of_
either party on the ground, are enterely false-—
that the unfortunate meetingtook place at the
appointed time, and that the. affair, although fa-
tally, was honorably terminated. [They zilso
crying sin of our country shall be executed, and
the murderer of his fellow man, in ‘ an aflair qf
I .
contradict the report that Mason was struck by
three balls. ' But one entered him.] '
read by that gentleman. it is only thought neces- .-
my name, to fight a duel with me. You are not .
by Mr. McCarty-—first, to fight on a barrel of-:
3d. That it was proposed by the fricndsof‘
both parties to postpone the meeting until. ten .
0
~.'. ..'_.:.:.l ?‘«.:,...,__g,,
Norwalk Chronicler