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29.1
4.5
9.9
9.4
Feet.
4.4
2.6
6.3
4
9.0
11.4
15.4
7.0
13.0
3.4
10.6
12.8
12.6
3.2
13.9
6.5
5.2
6.3
13.3
3.3
10.8
12.3
12.9
15.9
12.2
6.7
13.0
3.7
20.9
10.4
13.6
7.1
2.7
15.7
7.0
Chain pump
...-do
....do
Deep- well pump
Chain pump
do
....do
....do
Windlass rig
Chain pump
....do
Windlass rig . . . .
Chain pump
....do
....do
....do
Windlass rig and
house pump.
Windlass rig
Chain pump
Wiudlassrig
....do
....do
Windlass and
pulley rig.
Windlass rig
Wmdlass and
pulley rig.
House pump
Two-bucket rig..
Windlass rig. ..
....do
do
Chain pump . . .
Two-bucket rig.
Chain pump . . .
do
do
Nonfailing.
Fails. Rock, 16
feet.
Nonfailing.
Fails.
Nonfailing.
Fails.
Nonfailing.
Fails.
Do.
Nonfailing.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Fails.
Nonfailing.
Do.
Do.
Nonfailing.
Rock bottom.
Nonfailing.
Nonfailing.
Rock bottom.
For assay see
p. 145.
Nonfailing. For
assay see p. 145.
Nonfailing.
Fails.
Do.
SUFFIELD.
Wcll>i (liKj iti ."itidlificd drift in Suffleld.
147
No. on
Fl. IV.
Owiicr.
TopoKiaphii'
situation.
Klova-
Depth
tion
Total
depth.
Depth
of
above
sou
to
water.
water
in
level.
well.
Feet.
Feet.
Feet..
Feet.
245
11.2
7.4
3.8
250
20.5
14.9
5.6
250
8.3
5.7
2.6
250
10.2
8.0
2.2
285
20.6
16.6
4.0
245
16.5
9.5
7.0
210
9.8
7.2
2.6
220
19.0
17.1
1.9
215
12.3
5.2
7.1
220
12.9
9.1
3.8
195
19.6
15.4
4.2
150
13.5
6.7
6.8
170
34.0
27.0
7.0
130
16.7
8.3
8.4
140
13.7
8.0
5. 7
245
10.9
/. /
3.2
185
19.9
14.5
5.4
175
18.1
13.5
4.6
190
16.5
11.2
5.3
175
20.4
16.8
3.6
175
19.1
14.4
4.7
185
10.5
6.5
4.0
185
20.6
15.5
5.1
155
23.0
13.4
9.6
185
26.8
10.2
16.6
180
12.9
7.1
5.8
175
15.3
7.9
7.4
145
21 4
19.7
1.7
1.35
15.1
11.0
4.1
125
14.7
8.4
6.3
125
15.4
10.8
4.6
175
19.9
5.9
14.0
110
24.7
13.6
11.1
115
15.1
6.8
8.3
125
21.5
12.6
8.9
1.35
19.4
10.7
8.7
145
20.0
16.0
4.0
110
19.4
11.9
7.5
125
28.7
25.7
3.0
130
20.9
13.2
7. 7
120
25.6
18.1
7.5
115
23.7
17.6
6.1
120
15.9
11.2
4.7
85
10.4
6.0
4.4
Rii;
Remarks.
H.W.Kehoe.
Slope.
do.
Plain..
do.
....do.
do.
do.
....do.
....do.
....do.
....do.
....do.
.do.
C. B.Jobes..
T. H. Smith.
A.A.Brown.
do...
do...
Slope....
do..
Plain...,
do..
Ridge..
do..
do..
Ridee..
Plain.. -
do..
Slope. . . .
Plain. . .
Slope
Plain...
do..
do..
Slope....
Plain. . . .
do..
Slope....
do..
Plain
Terrace .
Plain....
Slope....
100
107
do.
Plain..
do.
Air-pressure sys-
tem.
Windlass rig
Chain pump
do
do
do
Windlass rig
Chain pump
Sweep rig .
Chain pump
Windlass rig
Chain pump and
house pump.
Deep-well pump..
Chain pump
Windlass rig
do
do
Windlass rig
Chain pump
do
Windlass rig
Chain pump
do
Two-bucket rig. .
Chain pump
do
do
Windlass rig
do
do
Chain pump
do
Windlass rig
Chain pump
Windlass rig
Chain pump
do
do
Windlass rig
Chain pump
do
Chain pump .
do
Nonfailing.
Fails.
Nonfailing.
P'ails.
Nonfailing.
Do.
Do.
Fails. Rock 3 feet.
Fails.
Nonfailing.
Nonfailing. For
analysis see p.l45.
Nonfailing.
Nonfailing. For
assay see p. 145.
Nonfailing.
Do.
Do.
Fails.
Do.
Nonfailing.
Abandoned.
Nonfailing.
Fails.
Do.
Nonfailing.
Do.
Fails.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Nonfailing.
Fails.
Do.
Do.
Nonfailing.
Do.
Do.
Fails.
Do.
Nonfailing. Rock
10 feet. Water
from sandstone.
For assay see
p. 145.
Nonfailing.
Do.
Drii'cn ircJJs in Nuffield.
Neon
PI. IV.
Owner.
Topographic
situation.
Elevation
above
sea level.
Depth.
Remarks.
15
Plain
do
Feet.
215
190
Feet.
30
20
Windmill rig.
22
8 feet to water level.
148 GROUND WATER IN NOEWALK AND OTtlER AREAS, CONN.
Drilled wells in Suffield,
No. on
ri.iv.
Topo-
Eleva-
tion
Total
Depth
Depth
Diam-
eter.
Yield
per
min-
ute.
Owner.
graphic
situation.
above
sea
level.
depth.
to
rock.
to
water.
Remarks.
Feet.
Feet.
Feet.
Feet.
Inches.
Galls.
3
Plain....
Ridge...
250
225
245
91
""h"
18
6
6
""n
13
Chas. H. King
17
...do....
190
245
230
105
63
183
5
33
53
20
20
30
6
6
6
25
16
iO
19
..do
23
A. L. Jackson
...do....
25
A.H. Wood
Slope
.. .do
210
190
143
212
36
16
12
6
G
43
45
26
George Hastings
27
Samuel Barr .
.do
205
195
102
204
50
100
3
18
6
6
50
30
30
L. A. King
...do....
31
Samuel Graham
...do....
205
178
70±
13
6
75
34
Tomlinson
plain...
160
203
60
45
6
15
36
W. H. Peckham
Hill
160
207*
88
6
20
Water from sand-
stone. For anal-
ysis see p. 145.
42
Wm. Daldn
Slope . . .
150
270
1144
90 db
1
9±
25
40
h'
11
.6
48
Holcomb Bros
58
N. L. Miller
Plain...
...do....
180
185
288
123
""io"
19
IS
6
6
35
23
59
P. D. Lilly
60
Wever
.do
180
154
30±
8
100
Water flows from
casing.
61
do
...do....
180
145
1 0
86
20
56
8
6
6
40
64
John Wolchak
Slope —
67
Plain-...
Slope....
145
145
250
165
6
6
""26"'
84
Geo. A. Peckham
90
13
94
Hugh Bickerstaft'
.. .00
160
131
32
24
6
24
101
...do
145
110
185
115
150
236
25
35
60
10
26
90
6
6
6
23
53
67
102
do
Terrace .
Hill
108
Northern Connecti-
(a)
cut Light & Power
Co.
108A 1 do
...do....
185
236
60
90
8
135
a Further description under heading of "Pub.ic water supplies."
WINDSOB LOCKS.
AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES.
Windsor Locks is a small manufacturing and agricultural town
on the west bank of Connecticut River about 7 miles south of the
Massachusetts boundary and 10 miles north of the city of Hartford.
The area is about 8 square miles, of which about 5 square miles is
wooded. The woodlands, which are in the main restricted to the
western part of the town, are dominated by scrub oaks and yellow
pines and have a typical underbrush of sweet fern and a yellowish
grass, known locally as " poverty grass." There are about 30 miles
of roads and streets in the town, including 3 miles of the State trunk-
line highway between Hartford and Springfield. The roads in the
west part of the town are very poor, as the soil is a loose sand.
Windsor Locks, the only settlement, is on the Hartford division
of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad and also on the
West Side trolley line of the Hartford & Springfield Street Railway
Co. There are hotels, a post office, and numerous stores and fac-
tories. Windsor Locks owes its prosperity to the power developed
from the Enfield Canal, which ends in the southern part of the vil-
WINDSOR LOCKS.
149
lage. Construction of the (anal was begun in 1827, and the canal
was opened to navigation in 1829.^ The canal is about o-} miles
long and the lifts aggregate about 30 feet. It is estimated that in
1880 between 1,800 and 1,000 horsepower was developed, but that
there is available at least 15,000 horsepower.^
Windsor Locks was taken from Windsor in 1854 and incorporated
as a sei)arate town. Previous to this it had been a prosperous manu-
facturing place, the first factory having been built about 1830, In
1910 the population was 3,715, an increase of 653 over the popu-
lation in 1900. The population is mostly concentrated in the village,
and the west part of the town is very sparsely settled. At each
census since its incorporation the town has shown a substantial in-
crease in population, and it is to be expected that this growth will
continue. The following table shows the gains in population to-
gether with the per cent of change for each census period :
Population of Windsor Locks, 1810-1910fl
Year.
Popula-
tion.
Per cent
change.
Year.
Popula-
tion.
Per cent
change.
1870
2, 154
2,332
2,758
1900....
1910.-..
::;::::;:::::;::;
3,062
3,715
+n
1880
+ 18
-f21
1890
o Connecticut Register and Manual, 1919, p. 641.
The principal industries of Windsor Locks are manufacturing of
paper, cotton warp, machinery, underwear, and tinsel novelties, and
agriculture, in v;hich tobacco is the chief crop.
SURFACE FEATURES.
The surface of Windsor Locks is for the most part a sand plain
ranging in elevation from 120 to 160 feet above sea level. Near the
west end of the north boundary a low till-covered hill rises above the
sand plain to an elevation of 180 feet above sea level. A strip a mile
wide along the east boundary slopes gradually to Connecticut River
but is trenched by several rather deep valleys tributary to the Con-
necticut. There are similar valleys- tributarj^ to Farmington River
along the southwest boundary of the town.
During preglacial time Connecticut River had a broad valley,
which included the territory of Windsor Locks and in which w^ere a
number of hills. During the invasion of the ice the valley was deep-
ened somewhat and a mantle of till was laid over much of the bed-
1 stiles, II. R., History and genealogies of ancient Windsor, p. 507, 1892.
2 Porter, Dwight, Tenth Census report on water power of the United States, pt. 1,
pp. 217-219, 1885.
150 GROUND WATER IIs^ ISTORWALK AND OTHER AREAS, CONN.
rock. As the ice was receding the numerous streams derived from
the melting ice filled the valley with a thick mantle of stratified
drift, which now forms the sand plain. Some of the hills were high
enough to escape burial by the stratified drift, and the low hill in the
northwestern part of the town is of this type. Eecords of drilled
wells in East Windsor and in Windsor, tabulated by Ellis,^ show
that the thickness of the stratified drift is 70 to 168 feet in some
places.
During postglacial time Connecticut Eiver and Farmington River
have cut valleys about a mile wide and 80 to 120 feet deep in the
stratified drift. Narrower and shallower valleys have been cut by
their tributaries.
Norwalk Chronicler